understanding linux
DESCRIPTION
John Curl Joe Hetherington Bradley Lewis Michael Wu. Understanding Linux. John Curl. Intro to Linux. What is Linux?. Unix like operating system Open source collaboration Free Code can be freely transmitted and modified Linux can be installed on any platform - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
UNDERSTANDING LINUX
John CurlJoe Hetherington
Bradley LewisMichael Wu
![Page 2: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Intro to LinuxJohn Curl
![Page 3: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is Linux? Unix like operating system Open source collaboration Free Code can be freely transmitted and
modified Linux can be installed on any platform More predominately used on servers,
over 60%
![Page 4: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Design Based off the principles established in
the Unix system Uses a monolithic kernel (a high-level
virtual interface over computer hardware) which handles process control, networking, and peripheral and file system access
![Page 6: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
User Interface Users can control a Linux-based system
through a command line interface (or CLI), a graphical user interface (or GUI), or through controls attached to the associated hardware
The default mode for desktops is GUI while CLI is used on separate virtual consoles
![Page 7: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Unix & KernelJoe Hetherington
![Page 9: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
UNIX
AppealMultitaskingMultiuserPortabilityUNIX programsSoftware library
![Page 10: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
UNIXMultiuser
Ex. Allows multiple users to access same document – compartmentalization
PortabilityAble to move from one brand of computer to another with minimal code changesEasy to update
![Page 11: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
UNIX
UNIX ProgramsIntegral Utilities – necessary for operationTools – provide customizable capabilities
Software LibraryThird-party vendors
![Page 12: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
UNIX Structure
![Page 13: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What is a kernel? A kernel is the central component of most
computer operating systems; it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level. The kernel's responsibilities include managing the system's resources (the communication between hardware and software components)
![Page 14: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Kernel
Lowest level of software•Manages hardware•Runs user programs•Maintains security and integrity of whole system
![Page 15: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Kernel
Fulfills 4 Main Management TasksMemory managementProcess managementFile system managementI/O management
![Page 16: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HistoryBradley Lewis
![Page 17: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
History Developed by Linus Torvalds at the
University of Helsinki in Finland Inspired by Munix
Written from scratch by Andrew TanenbaumRan off the Intel 8086 microprocessorContained 12,00 lines of code
![Page 18: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
History Uses no code from AT&T or any other
proprietary source First official version introduced in
October of 1991 as version 0.02
![Page 19: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
History Version 0.02
Was able to run bash and gccIntended as a hackers systemPrimary focus was kernel development
![Page 20: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
History A year and a half later in December of
1993 Linux was at version .99 Battles broke out between Linus and
Tannenbaum, the creator of Minix Linux became more popular and was
finally licensed under the GNU General Public License
![Page 21: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
History In 1996 Linux was put to the test and
ran 68 PCs as a single parallel processing machine
Had a peak speed of 19 billion calculations per second, making it the 315th most powerful supercomputer
Cost a tenth of what comparable supercomputers
![Page 22: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
General Public License This license allows anyone to:
use the software at no charge, without any limitations
copy, and distribute or sell unmodified copies of the software in the source or binary form
modify, and distribute or sell a modified version of the software as long as the source code is included and licensing under the GPL
sell support for the software
![Page 23: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
UbuntuJohn Curl
![Page 24: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Ubuntu Most popular form of Linux Named after South African ethical
ideology, meaning “humanity towards others”
40% to 50% of Linux users Like all Linux Ubuntu is free and open
source Can run many Windows programs
through Vmware
![Page 25: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ubuntu
Works on PC's & Servers Updated every 6 months Features- Email, Music, Web Surfing, Chat,
Photos, Office, Games Access thousands of open source Apps Download or request CD from Ubuntu site
![Page 26: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Installation This General Public License allows Linux
to be obtained free of charge Ways of Installation
"no-install": a "Run-from-CD" LiveCD distribution
setting up "Dual-boot" systemsyou can completely erase the HD and install
Linux onlyThrough distributors such as Red Hat,
Caldera, etc.
![Page 27: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Ubuntu Installation PC
256 MB RAM4 GB disk space
Server192 MB RAM1 GB disk spaceProcessor – Intel or AMD x86, AMD_64, EM_64T
![Page 28: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Linux SupportMichael Wu
![Page 30: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Linux Support No official Linux support Most support is done by online
community Medibuntu (Multimedia, Entertainment &
Distractions In Ubuntu)Repository of packages that cannot be
included in Ubuntu distributation.Step by step instructions to install packages
![Page 31: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Linux Support Technical Support
Canonical○ Company that provides live tech support for a
costLinux.org
○ Provides various documents to assist with Linux installation and problems
Linuxforums.org○ Provides help on different Linux systems○ Provides information on most Linux needs for
beginners
![Page 32: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Linux Support Forums
Free software licenses allows for many proficient users to make improvements to Linux software
Post your problem and there is usually a response time within a few hours
Many users of Linux are knowledgeable in programming
![Page 33: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Linux User Group Located in many cities and regions Private non-profit organization Promotes Linux and extensions of the
free software Holds meets to train and offer technical
support
![Page 34: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Linux User Group Installfests
LUG hosted event at university or LAN partyPeople get together to do mass installations
of Linux Hackfests
LUG eventPeople get together to reveal security issues
and provides ways of fixing them
![Page 35: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Linux Vs Mac Vs Windows
John Curl
![Page 36: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Linux Advantages
Easy installationFrequently updatedLarge support communityMany different versionsTargeted less by virusesUnix basedFREE!
![Page 37: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Linux Disadvantages
UnstableLack of High Quality Professional SoftwareInstallation
![Page 38: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Mac Advantages
Excellent user interfaceStableLarge number of professional applicationsEasy installationTargeted less by virusesUnix based
![Page 39: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Mac Disadvantages
ProprietaryOS limited to a specific platformCost is high
![Page 40: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Windows Advantages
Most popular OSMost familiar OSVery high Application and Driver support
![Page 41: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Windows Disadvantages
Not very stableRestricted freedomNot freeBad startup ApplicationsFrequently attacked by viruses
![Page 42: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Windows XP (52.94%)Windows Vista (23.25%)Windows 7 (11.24%)Mac OS X (5.90%)Linux (1.14%)iPhone (0.73%)Other (2.65%)
![Page 43: Understanding Linux](https://reader031.vdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013012/56816935550346895de08f9c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(computing) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/tutorial.html http://www.diffen.com/difference/Linux_vs_Unix http://learnlinux.tsf.org.za/courses/build/internals/internals-all.html http://www.tldp.org/LDP/gs/
node3.html#SECTION00300000000000000000 http://computer.howstuffworks.com/question246.htm http://www.linux.org/docs/beginner/install.html