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UNDERSTANDING ADHD AND HOW TO HELP
CLAREMONT IMMERSION ELEMENTARY SCHOOLOCTOBER 15, 2019
KATHLEEN DONOVAN
KELLY MOUNTAIN
APS PARENT RESOURCE CENTER COORDINATORS
UNDERSTANDING ADHD
• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic
neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 11 percent of school-
age children
• Symptoms continue into adulthood in more than three-quarters
of cases
• ADHD is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels
of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
DIAGNOSING ADHD
• Predominantly Inattentive
Presentation
• Predominantly
Hyperactive/Impulsive
Presentation
• Combined Presentation
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Three Presentations
DIAGNOSING ADHD
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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□ Fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes
□ Has difficulty sustaining attention
□ Does not appear to listen
□ Struggles to follow through with instructions
□ Has difficulty with organization
□ Avoids or dislikes tasks requiring sustained mental effort
□ Loses things
□ Is easily distracted
□ Is forgetful in daily activities
Six of the following nine symptoms: Five for late adolescents and adults:
Predominately Inattentive Presentation
DIAGNOSING ADHD
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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H Y P E R A C T I V I T Y
□ Fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in chair
□ Has difficulty remaining seated
□ Runs about or climbs excessively in children; extreme restlessness in adults
□ Difficulty engaging in activities quietly
□ Acts as if driven by a motor; adults will often feel inside as if they are driven by a motor
□ Talks excessively
I M P U L S I V I T Y
□ Blurts out answers before questions have been completed
□ Difficulty waiting or taking turns
□ Interrupts or intrudes upon others
Six of the following nine symptoms: Five for late adolescents and adults:
Hyperactive/Impulsive Presentation
DIAGNOSING ADHD
• Individual meets criteria for both inattention and
hyperactive-impulsive ADHD presentations
• Most frequent diagnosis is a combined presentation
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Combined Presentation
DIAGNOSING ADHD
To what degree does the overall presentation of ADHD
symptoms impair one’s daily function in life?
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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Mild Moderate Severe
Overall Impairment of ADHD
GIRLS AND WOMEN WITH ADHD
• Most diagnosed with Inattentive Presentation
• Commonly diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety
• Hyperactivity can be associated with hyper-talk
• Very good at making themselves appear invisible
• Hormones from puberty may have a great impact
• May have an increased sense of inadequacy
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
UNDERSTANDING ADHD
•Paying attention is a
complex task and not easy
for someone with ADHD
•When we ask a child to
pay attention, we are
asking for skills in
numerous areas
© 2017 BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (CHADD). ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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What Does It Take to Pay Attention?
Task Initiation
Emotional Control
Working Memory
Flexibility
Planning & Prioritizing
Self-Monitoring
Impulse Control
Organization
Executive
Functioning Skills Executive functioning deficits can
impact children’s performance:
• At home
• At school
• In social situations
IMPULSIVITY!!!
Cognitive Impulsivity
• Impaired ability to inhibit one’s actions
• Jumps into work before reading directions
• Inability to stop and problem solve
• Responds emotionally and makes poor decisions
ADHD EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
• Easily angered or has a short fuse
• Moody and Irritable
• “Over Feeling”
• Easily frustrated
• Gets upset or annoyed quickly
• Irritable
• Loses control easily
.
From “The ADD/ADHD Checklist” by Sandra Rief, M.A
ADHD… FURTHER DEFINED
Individuals with ADHD may also:
• Have difficulty with transitions and changes in routine or activity
• Become over-stimulated
• Display aggressive behavior
• Have immature social skills
• Be difficult to discipline effectively
• Be extremely insecure and have low self-esteem
From “The ADD/ADHD Checklist” by Sandra Rief, M.A.
WHAT TO DO—A MULTI-PRONGED APPROACH
Treatment options include:
• Parent and student education
• Counseling/therapy
• School Supports
•Medication
SCHOOL SUPPORTS
•Claremont Student Support Team
•Section 504
•Special Education
PARENT SUPPORT
• Parent learning opportunities
• Parent Consultations
• Books, DVDs and other resources
• www.understood.org
• www.chadd.org
• Informational Website
• Community Resources
• SEPTA
• ADHD List-Serv
• Parent Liaisons