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UnclassifiedThis document contains proprietary information of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. and may not be reproduced, copied, disclosed or utilized in any way in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd
1-REF
May 2010
J2KJoin to Kill
A different way to intercept ICBMs
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THE THREAT
MIRV + Decoys + MIRV + Decoys + ManeuversManeuvers
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Decoys
Why decoys are a major problem
for BMD ?
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Smart Decoys – RF+IR+Visible
Very difficult to discriminate and hit the right target (WH).
WHY is it so problematic?
??
?
?
?
??
?
??
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Oooops…
Very little time for discrimination, decisions, calculations, divert, hit
WHY do we have such a short time?
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Physics
Assured discrimination range ~1 Km
(Future sophisticated decoys)
Relative velocity (ICBM) ~12 Km/sec
Time from discrimination to hit – 80 mSec
WHY is the relative velocity so high?
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Mathematics
Target velocity = 6 Km/sec+
Interceptor velocity = 6 Km/sec
Relative Velocity = 12 Km/Sec
WHY do we add velocities?
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Because…
Interceptor flies head-on to the target
WHY does it?
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Because…
That’s what everybody does!
That’s the way we always did it!
What’s the price of staying inside the box?
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The price
Should we stay inside the box?Should we stay inside the box?
Very complex interceptorsVery complex interceptors
Huge NRE costsHuge NRE costs
High RE costsHigh RE costs
Limited confidenceLimited confidence
Entering the counter-counter game with deficiency and a Entering the counter-counter game with deficiency and a
time-lag of a decadetime-lag of a decade
Limited answer for random-maneuvering RV’s (in space)Limited answer for random-maneuvering RV’s (in space)
Any solution is sensitive to the enemy next-stepAny solution is sensitive to the enemy next-step
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The J2K concept
Target velocity = 6 Km/sec
Interceptor velocity = 6 Km/sec
Relative Velocity = 12 Km/Sec
Time Budget = 80 mSec
• Discrimination without time limits• Missile is simplified• Kill probability is much higher
+-
1,000,000 mSec
Breaking out of the box!
0
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J2K - THE PRINCIPLE
Joining the enemy warhead/s and decoys
in a Formation Flight
Discriminating and Destroying
the Targets at
ZERO RELATIVE SPEED
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J2K – THE PRINCIPLE
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J2K – Think again…
When your target is behind a concrete wall - When your target is behind a concrete wall -
You can break the wallYou can break the wall
Or you can outflank itOr you can outflank it
Changing the rules of the gameChanging the rules of the game
Plenty of time for all tasksPlenty of time for all tasks
Re-use of the system assets for Re-use of the system assets for
multiple targets/decoysmultiple targets/decoys
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J2K - THE RENDEZVOUS
Detection & Recognition
Defense Plan
Launch J2K Interceptor towards CONUS.
Separate KVs from booster
Maneuvering to adjust position + velocity +
time
“Formation flight”
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J2K - THE DISCRIMINATION
During the formation flight
Minutes instead of milliseconds.
Examining the target/s and the decoys by
the chosen sensor/s
(electro-optical / LADAR / mmW radar)
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J2K - THE DISCRIMINATION
Small decoys - discrimination by shape
Triple Decoys (IR, RADAR, Visible) -
discrimination by dynamic behavior (tumbling)
Quad Decoys (IR, RADAR, Visible, Dynamics) -
If not discriminated – destroyed as targets
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J2K – KILLING MECHANISM
I - Single-warhead scenarios -
Closing the range to zero
(touching the target) and exploding
II - MRV/MIRV scenarios –
Shooting high-speed bullets at
the targets (this model discussed below)
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J2K – KILLING MECHANISM II – CONT.
The bullets are shot from a close range, in ideal
conditions (no drag, no wind, no relative gravity fall)
““Right between the eyes”Right between the eyes”““Right between the eyes”Right between the eyes”
The bullet will severely damage the thermal shield of the target, which will cause its destruction while penetrating the atmosphere.
This option overcomes even the most sophisticated quad decoys (piercing the balloon)
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J2K KV – Optional design
DV nozzle
Lateral nozzle
LADAR
Gun
Uncooled IR FPA + Lens
50 Bullets Magazine
3 Reaction Wheels
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J2K KV – Optional Design
First cut analysis results in the following major parameters for
the Optional design:~23cm diameter sphere
~28Kg
~13.5 Kg fuel
1 dV nozzle + 4 lateral nozzles
3 Reaction Wheels (satellites genre) for smooth and accurate
rotation in all axes
Uncooled FPA IR sensor
LADAR/mmW Radar/Laser Range-Finder
A “gun” with 50 high-speed bullets
Miniaturized avionics with MEMS Inertial System
Battery
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GROUND BASING
The J2K batteries can be deployed at US or friendly
territories, from which they can cover possible ballistic
trajectory attacking homeland USA (except some SLBM
trajectories).
Possible land based locations for different ranges are:
Alaska + Aleutian
Hawaii + Other pacific islands
Great Britain (Shetland islands)
Bermuda + Other Atlantic islands
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SEA BASING
Ships patrolling in the preferred areas, far from home, to protect
from ICBMs.
A single dedicated ship can launch many interceptors.
Fixed bases, such as oil rig type
Medium-Range missiles launched from enemy submarines, can be
intercepted by J2Ks launched from ships or the offshore oil rigs
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J2K – ORBITS
Shetland Is. UK
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J2K – ORBITS
`
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J2K – ORBITS
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J2K – ORBITS
North North KoreaKorea
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J2K – ORBITS
St. LawrenceSt. Lawrence
St. MatthewSt. Matthew
Aleutian IslandsAleutian Islands
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J2K – ORBITS
St. LawrenceSt. Lawrence
St. MatthewSt. Matthew
Aleutian IslandsAleutian Islands
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J2K – ORBITS
St. LawrenceSt. Lawrence
St. MatthewSt. Matthew
Aleutian IslandsAleutian Islands
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J2K – ORBITS
St. LawrenceSt. Lawrence
St. MatthewSt. Matthew
Aleutian IslandsAleutian Islands
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Description of a test-case
Aggressor
Launching point: ICBM base at pervomayak - 48.05°N 31.18° E
Range: 8,068 Km
Apogee: 1,291 Km
Time of Flight: 1744 Sec
Launch Az: 303°
Target
Washington DC
J2K Interceptor
Launching point: United Kingdom – 56.40N 5.02W
Take off weight: 2571 Kg (Arrow booster)
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Interception solution
Aggressor take off: t = 0 Sec
Interceptor take off: t = 493 Sec
Interceptor TOF = 747 Sec
Phases:
Phase I - ballistic flight
Phase II - Divert
Phase III - Entering Formation flight
Phase IV – Destroying RVs
Description of a test-case
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Interception solution
Phase I - ballistic flight -
end time = 669 Sec
end mass = 50 Kg
Vx(int) = 3,850 m/s
Vx(tar) = 4,500 m/s
Vy(int) = Vy(tar) = -113 m/s
Vz(int) = -1530 m/s
Vz (tar) = -2900 m/s
Description of a test-case
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Description of a test-case
Interception solution
Phase II – Divert
Ignite kick-motor
11 Sec of boost
End time = 680 Sec
End Mass = 24 Kg
Closing velocity = 350 m/Sec
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Description of a test-case
Interception solution Phase III - Entering Formation flight
Closing range and relative velocity to zero
End time = 747 Sec
End Mass = 12 Kg
Phase IV – Destroying RVs
Time to go before entering atmosphere – 400 Sec
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Simulation of a test-case
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Simulation of a test-case
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Simulation of a test-case
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J2K – Coverage
A single KV can “clean” a
sphere or a cylinder around the center
of gravity of an incoming “cloud”
(cluster) of targets and decoys, in the
order of magnitude of 10 Km radius, by
maneuvering in all 6 directions within
the cloud.
A single interceptor carrying 6 KVs,
can protect a large area such as a
large city.MIRV
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J2K - Coverage
Area covered by a single J2K KV
Area covered by a single J2K Interceptor
Carrying 6 KVs
Center of city is covered by
2-4 overlapping
KVs
Important Remark:
This coverage of J2K is based on the worst-case assumption, that the engagement is accomplished just before entering the atmosphere. If the Interception occurs in earlier stages, the 10 Km radius of the single J2K KV coverage can be expanded to a much larger area
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J2K - Coverage
Minuteman III Base
3 KVs J2K Defense (part of a single
interceptor)
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J2K - Coverage
Minuteman III Base6 KVs J2K Defense
(a single interceptor)
Most area is overlapped by 2-4 KVs
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May 2010UnclassifiedThis document contains proprietary information of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. and may not be reproduced, copied, disclosed or utilized in any way in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd
J2K - Summary
Overcomes both target maneuvers and decoys (of all
types)
One Interceptor can overcome many MIRVs and decoys
Expected lower NRE and RE prices
Lower technical risk - No need for technology break-
through
Can use any booster (e.g. GMD, KEI, SM, Arrow)
Can be stationed on land or sea
Less sensitive to the enemy next-step
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May 2010UnclassifiedThis document contains proprietary information of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. and may not be reproduced, copied, disclosed or utilized in any way in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd
STATUS
MLM completed Preliminary Feasibility study, with
excellent results.
MLM presented the concept to MDA System
Engineering in DC on Oct. 28 2005 (under G-G).
Per MDA request, MLM submitted a proposal for
Feasibility Study and DEM-VAL.
Still waiting…