ultrasonic flowmeters
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Ultrasonic Flow Measurement Principles & Introduction
Series PUX2
Series UXF2
Series UXF3
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Transit Time Measuring Principle
• Clamp-on sensors
• Transit-time difference system
• Principle equation: 1 Q = ─ π D2 / 4 * ── * D/sin2θf * 1/(T0-τ)2 ΔT
K
• Q : Flow rate
• D : Inner pipe diameter
• K : Conversion factor
of average velocity
• θf: Incident angle into liquid
• T1, T2 : Transit time
• T0 : Transit time between sensors
when flow is at rest
(≒(T1+ T2 )/2)
• τ : Transit time in pipe walls and
sensors
ΔT=T2-T1
(Note)
Ultrasonic waves are
carried with the motion of
fluid.
Upstream Sensor
Oscillator Wedge Pipe
θf D Q
τ/2 τ/2
T1
T2
Downstream
Sensor
Utilized in Model PUX2, UXF3
Digital sampling of received signals increases flow reading reliability
Synchronized summation of received signals :
- Normal propagation
- Interrupted propagation
Advanced ABM (Anti-bubble Measurement)
Received signal :
t
v
Received signal :
Digital data of
received signals :
t
v
In case of analog system no –
signal, intermittent loss of
receive echo
Summed
128 or 256
times for
one output
flow
bubble
flow bubble
t
v
Nothing!
Result of Bubble Immersion Test
(Note) The flowmeters indicate volumetric flow rate containing air volume.
Models PUX2, UXF3
Velocity [m/s]
Perm
issib
le A
ir V
olu
me
[vol. %
] 12
12
10
8
6
4
2
1
Model UXF2
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
7.0
4.0
1.5
0.4 0.03 0.02
1.2 1.0 0.02
Patented sound velocity compensation – all
models
Changing process conditions (temp/pressure)
change fluid sound velocity (changes results)
Changing temp/pressure can be ignored if sound
velocity is constantly measured and compensated
Sound velocity compensation system tracks and
adjusts “θ” and “τ”
Sound Velocity Measurement System
Upstream Sensor
Pipe
θf D Q
τ/2 τ/2
T1
T2
Downstream
Sensor
Sound
Velocity Cf
Effect of temp./ pressure change
Successive calculation with sensors‘ spacing having no change from the set value
Model Specifications & Applications
PUX2
UXF2
UXF3
• 0.5” – 235” diameter, up to 12% air/solids
• Digital fine filter & correlation
• 12 hour battery, data logger, memory card &
printer (options)
• 0.5” – 235” diameter, up to 12% air/solids
• Digital fine filter & correlation
• Full featured, flexible I/O, IP65 enclosure
• 1” – 24” diameter, up to 1.5% air/solids
• Advanced transit time technology
• Full featured, flexible I/O, highly competitive
PUX2 Specifications
Dwyer Instruments PUX2
Measurement Method Transit Time
Pipe sizes 0.50 to 236 inch diameter
Number of Paths 1 path
Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃/200℃
Ambient temperature -10 to +55℃ (Printer 45℃)
Air bubble resistance 12 Vol% (at 1m/s)
Accuracy +/-1.0% of rate
Velocity range 0 to +/- 32m/s (105 fps)
Output Analog Output: 1point 4-20mA; Heat Transfer Rate Function
Input Analog Input: 1 point 4-20 mA
Serial communication USB Port (Mini type B, 500kbps)
Key 11 keys (ON, OFF, LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN, ESC,
ENT, MENU, BACKLIGHT, PRINT)
Display 240 X 320 Color LCD
Language 6 languages (ENG, ESP, GER, FRA, JAP, CHI)
Power Supply Built-in battery or power adapter
Built-in battery: L-Ion battery, approximately 12 hours
Power adaptor: AC Power Adapter/Charger 90 to 264V
Dimensions H210 x W120 x D65mm (without printer)
H320 x W127 x D70mm (with printer)
Mass: 1.0 kg (without printer)
1.2 kg (with printer)
Type of Enclosure IP64 (Plastic)
UXF3 Specifications
Dwyer Instruments UXF3
Measurement Method Transit Time
Pipe sizes 0.50 to 235 inch diameter
Number of Paths 1 path
Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃/200℃
Ambient temperature -10 to +55℃
Air bubble resistance 12 Vol% (at 1m/s)
Accuracy +/-1.0% of rate
Velocity range 0 to +/- 32m/s (105 fps)
Output
Input: 1 digital input, 1 pt. - No Voltage
transistor switch; set zero/reset
totalizer
One 4 to 20mA DC current output…Max. load
resistance 1kΩ
Digital status output: 2 points available - 30V DC,
0.1A…Total pulse, Flow switch, Over flow, Range
change-over, Flow direction, Range over
Mechanical relay: 1 pt available; 240VAC/30VDC-1 amp
Serial communication RS232C/Modbus RS485 option; Baud rate: 9600 to
39400 bps; Distance: 15m(RS232)/1000m(RS485) max.
Key 4 key keyboard; menu driven programming
Display LCD with back light, 16 x 2 lines
Language 5 languages (ENG, ESP, GER, FRA, JAP)
Power Supply 100 to 240V AC 50/60Hz, or 20 to 30V DC
Dimensions H170 x W142 x D70mm
Type of Enclosure IP66 (1.5 kg)
UXF2 Specifications
Dwyer Instruments UXF2
Measurement Method Transit Time
Pipe sizes 1 to 24 inch (plastic pipe); 2 to 24 inch (metal)
Number of Paths 1 path
Fluid temperature -40 to +80℃/100℃
Ambient temperature -20 to +50℃
Air bubble resistance 1.2 Vol% (at 1m/s)
Accuracy 2% of rate (>2m/s), 0.04m/s (<2m/s)
Velocity range 0 to +/- 10 m/s (33 fps)
Output 4 to 20mAdc, 1 point
Digital output: Relay & transistor, each 1 point (scaled
totalizer pulse, alarm, etc.)
Scaled pulse: 1pulse/day to 100pps for transistor output
1pulse/day to 1pps for relay output
Serial communication RS-232C equivalent / RS-485
Number of connectable units: one (RS-485)/
up to 31 (RS-485)
Cable length: up to 15m (RS-232C)/up to 1km (RS-485)
Key 4 key front panel keyboard; menu driven programming
Display LCD 2 lines 32 characters - backlight
Language 5 languages (incl. Spanish)
Power Supply 20 to 30Vdc, 100 to 120Vac or 200 to 240Vac, 50/60Hz
Dimensions Dimensions of converter: H140 x W137 x D68mm
Mass of converter: approx, 0.8 kg
Type of Enclosure IP65 (Plastic)
Type Model No. Pipe size Fluid temp.
Sensor Mount & UXF2 Sensor Selection
SX3-A
UXF2
1 (V-mount)
(V)
4 in -20 +100℃
2 9 in SX3-B
SX3-C (V) 2 12 in
-20 +100℃
-20 +80℃
SX3-D -20 +80℃ 12 24 in (Z)
• “V” mount configuration
• Typical setup; recommended for most cases
having sufficient return signal
• Sensors mounted axially on the same side
• “Z” mount configuration
• Single reflection reduces signal attenuation
• Effective at upper end of sensor diameter range or
specific circumstances to increase return signal
Type Model No. Pipe size Fluid temp.
Sensor Selection PUX2, UXF3
PSX2-B
PUX2
UXF3
1/2 (V-mount)
(V)
4 in -40 +100℃
2 PSX2-A
PSX2-HT
PSX2-D
SX1-A
SX2-B
(Z) 12 16 in
(V) 2 14 in
(V
) 2 14 in
(Z) 12 16 in
(Z) 12 16 in
(Z) 8 236 in
(V) 8 120 in
(Z) 8 (V)
2
120 in
-40
-40 +80℃
-40 +80℃
-40 +80℃
-40
+200℃
SX1-C
(V) 2 14 in
(Z) 12 16 in
-40 +200℃
PSX2-E -40 +80℃ 12
2 16 in (V)
48 in (Z)
SX1-B 12
24 in (V)
48 in (Z)
-40 +80℃
SX2-A 4 in (V-mount) -40 +100℃
14 in
1/2
236 in 8
+100℃
•PUX2
•UXF3
• PSX
• SX1
• SX2
1 to 32 m/s
0 to 1 m/s
Φ12 in.to
Φ24 in. +
1.0% of rate
0.01 m/s
2 to 32 m/s
0 to 2 m/s
Φ2 in. to
Φ12 in.
1.0% of rate
0.02 m/s
2 to 32 m/s
0 to 2 m/s
Φ0.5 in.
to Φ 2 in.
1.5% of rate
0.03 m/s
Pipe diameter Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor
Accuracy – PUX2 & UXF3
Rated accuracy PUX2, UXF3 :
Reference conditions :
1. Fluid temp : Clean water 4 to 40℃
2. Fluid pressure : Less than 1 MPa
3. Flow : Full-filled, axisymmetric & well
developed turbulent flow
4. Warm-up time : 30 mins.
+0.32
Accu
racy [m
/s]
Velocity
+0.02
0 32 +0.01
-0.01 -0.02
-0.32
2 1
Φ2 in.to
Φ24 in
• UXF2
• SX3-A/B
• SX3-C/D 2 to 10 m/s
0 to 2 m/s
Φ2 in. to
Φ24 in.
1.5% of rate
0.03 m/s
2 to 10 m/s
0 to 2 m/s
Φ1 in.to
Φ2 in.
2.5% of rate
0.05 m/s
Pipe diameter Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor
Plastic pipe
Accuracy – UXF2
• UXF2
• SX3-A/B
• SX3-C/D
2 to 10 m/s
0 to 2 m/s
2% of rate
0.04 m/s
Pipe size Velocity Accuracy Converter Sensor
Metal pipe
UXF2 Rated Accuracy
Getting Started – PUX2
Setting up
the model
PUX2
• Overview of functions
PUX2 Display & Screen navigation
• Interface divided among 6 selections
• Default view = “measure” screen (below)
To enter the “menu”
screen anytime, press the
menu button
6 menu selections for
setup, configuration,
datalogger, printer, etc.
appear
Getting Started – UXF3
Setting up the
model UXF3
• Overview of functions
UXF3 – Inside the cover, wiring
UXF3 – Installation steps
4 key operation
Additional Installation steps
–Install optional wiring
–Analog output, totalizer, switch outputs
–Program optional functions
–AO range
–Totalizer
–Flow switch/alarms
–Low flow cutoff
–Damping
–Record system parameters
Basic Installation steps
–Install Transmitter wiring and power
–Locate appropriate mounting location
–Set Inch or metric units
–Program piping parameters
–Set main display preference & units
–Install sensor set on pipe
–Verify signal and reading
Green/Red LED indicator on front panel
Getting Started – UXF1
Setting up the
model UXF2
•Overview of functions
- 19 -
Getting Started – UXF2
UXF2 – Primary components - inside
Modular 2 or 3 boards design
–Signal (bottom)
–Power supply (left top)Install Transmitter
wiring and power
–Serial comms (top right-optional)
Primary components & Functions
Key input via front panel
Front Panel LED
–Red/Green LED provides signal Normal or
error condition
UXF2 – Installation steps
Basic Installation steps
–Install Transmitter wiring and power
–Locate appropriate mounting location
–Set Inch or metric units
–Program piping parameters
–Set main display preference & units
–Install sensor set on pipe
–Verify signal and reading
–Recommend Hardcopy of Manual Pages 40-42
Additional Installation steps
–Install optional wiring
–Analog output, totalizer, switch outputs
–Program optional functions
–AO range
–Totalizer
–Flow switch/alarms
–Low flow cutoff
–Damping
–Record system parameters
jumper
Markets & Applications
• PUX2 and UXF3 – Wastewater flow monitoring in wastewater treatment systems and plants – Water flow monitoring at water treatment plants
• UXF2 – Semiconductor – water flow monitoring – Building Automation Systems
• Hot and cold water flow from chillers and boilers
• PUX2 – Building Automation Systems
• BTU Calculations
• In general good for flow monitoring when selling on the advantage of not having to cut open the pipe for installation and also for repair work
Markets & Applications – PUX2 as an Energy Meter for BAS
Markets & Applications – PUX2 Installation
Questions
To order a free catalog or for more information contact; Dwyer Instruments, Inc., P.O. Box 373,
Michigan City, IN., 46361 Telephone: (800) 872-9141 or (219) 879-8000
Fax: (219) 872-9057 Internet address: www.dwyer-inst.com
E-mail: [email protected]