ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the xviii c. )
DESCRIPTION
Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. ). Communist ideology lost its authority , the society was quickly politicized. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
• Ukrainian national-cultural revival (the end of the XVIII c.)
![Page 2: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Communist ideology lost its authority, the society was quickly politicized.
• There began the actions of protest against closing the schools with education in Ukrainian, against forcing out the national language from the sphere of state management, book-publishing and mass media.
![Page 3: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Government and politics
• Ukraine is a republic under a mixed semi-parliamentary semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
• The President is elected by popular vote for a five-year term and is the formal head of state.
• Ukraine's legislative branch includes the 450-seat unicameral parliament, the Verkhovna Rada.
![Page 4: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• The Ukrainian landscape consists mostly of fertile plains (or steppes) and plateaus, crossed by rivers such as the Dnieper (Dnipro), Seversky Donets, Dniester and the Southern Buh as they flow south into the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov.
• The country's only mountains are the Carpathian Mountains in the west, of which the highest is the Hora Hoverla at 2,061 m (6,762 ft), and those on the Crimean peninsula, in the extreme south along the coast.
![Page 7: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Azov sea coast near Kerch.
![Page 8: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Dnieper River seen atop a hill in Kiev, Ukraine.
![Page 10: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A collection of traditional pysanky from Volyn
![Page 13: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Pysanka Museum, Kolomiya, Ukraine
![Page 14: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Sofiyivsky Park in Uman, Cherkasy Oblast
![Page 15: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
It was founded in 1796 by Count Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki, a noble Polish szlahtich. The park is named after his Greek wife Sofia and was built in 1802. It's one of the world famous garden-park art creations. There are many scenic areas in the park including waterfalls, fountains, ponds and a stone garden. It is one of the most famous examples of late 17th or early 18th century European landscape garden design that has been preserved to the present time.
![Page 16: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2. Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Monastery of the Caves) in Kiev
![Page 17: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Since its foundation as the cave monastery in 1015 the Lavra has been a prominent center of the Eastern Orthodox Christianity in Eastern Europe. Together with the Saint-Sophia Cathedral, it is inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Currently, the jurisdiction over the site is divided between the state museum, National Kyiv-Pechersk Historic-Cultural Preserve, and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church as the site of the chief monastery of that Church and the residence of its leader, Metropolitan Volodymyr.
![Page 18: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3. Kamianets-Podilskyi Historical Complex inKamianets-Podilskyi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast
![Page 19: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
An old street in Kamianets-Podilskyi's old town quarter.
![Page 20: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Stephen Báthory Gate is part of the city's old fortification complex.
![Page 21: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
4. Khortytsia[8] in Zaporizhia, Zaporizhia Oblast
![Page 22: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Nowadays, Khortysia is designated a national museum. The rural landscape of the island features the Zaporizhian Cossack Museum and a Cossack horse show. The museum building is modern, nestling low in the landscape with dramatic views of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station to the north.The museum contains exhibits dating from the Stone Age through the Scythian period (c.750 - 250 BC) down to the 20th century, including a model of the Pecheneg ambush which claimed the life of Svyatoslav in 972 and a panorama representing the Battle for Zaporizhia, fought during World War II on October 14, 1943.
![Page 23: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
5. Chersonesos[9] in Sevastopol
![Page 24: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Chersonesos was an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimea, known then as Taurica. The colony was established in the 6th century BC. Chersonesos' ancient ruins are presently located in one of Sevastopol's suburbs. The buildings mix influences of Greek, Roman and Byzantine culture. The defensive wall is hundreds of meters long. Buildings include Roman amphitheatre and a Greek temple.
![Page 25: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
6. Saint Sophia Cathedral[10] in Kiev
![Page 26: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
7. Khotyn Fortress[11] in Khotyn, Chernivtsi Oblast
![Page 27: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Khotyn Fortress is a fortification complex located on the shores of the Dniester River in Khotyn, Chernivtsi Oblast of western Ukraine. Construction on the current fortress was started in 1325, while major improvements were made in the 1380s and in the 1460s.The fortress is a large tourist attraction for the area and Ukraine. It is also a National Ukrainian Architectural Preserve as of 2000.
![Page 28: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Demographics• According to the Ukrainian Census of 2001,
ethnic Ukrainians make up 77.8% of the population.
• Other significant ethnic groups are Russians (17.3%), Belarusians (0.6%), Moldovans (0.5%), Crimean Tatars (0.5%), Bulgarians (0.4%), Hungarians (0.3%), Romanians (0.3%), Poles (0.3%), Jews (0.2%), Armenians (0.2%), Greeks (0.2%) and Tatars (0.2%).
![Page 29: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
• The industrial regions in the east and southeast are the most heavily populated, and about 67.2 percent of the population lives in urban areas.
• Ukraine is considered to be in a demographic crisis due to its high death rate and a low birth rate.
• A factor contributing to the relatively high death is a high mortality rate among working-age males from preventable causes such as alcohol poisoning and smoking.
![Page 30: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• To help mitigate these trends, the government continues to increase child support payments. Thus it provides one-time payments of 12,250 hryvnias for the first child, 25,000 hryvnias for the second and 50,000 hryvnias for the third and fourth, along with monthly payments of 154 hryvnias per child.
![Page 31: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Lilacs in the Central Botanical Garden, with Vydubychi Monastery and the Left Bank of Kiev in the background.
![Page 32: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
E40, the longest of all European routes, going through Kiev.
![Page 33: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
General view of the Andriyivskyy Descent with the Castle of Richard Lionheart on the left and the St Andrew's Church in the background.
![Page 34: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
This ensemble of authentic windmills is the centrepiece of a 1.5 square kilometres (0.58 sq mi) open air Museum of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine
![Page 35: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Fire safety is a significant concern as most of the museum's structures are wooden, and many houses have thatched roofs.
![Page 37: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A Lviv tram on a small cobblestone sidestreet in the Old Town.
![Page 38: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The Lviv Opera and Ballet Theatre, an important cultural centre for residents and visitors.
![Page 39: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Lychakivskiy Cemetery, 2007
![Page 41: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The ruins of an ancient Greek theatre. Chersonesus, Sevastopol.
![Page 42: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Ruins of Panticapaeum. 6th century BC (Kerch)
![Page 44: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
The Massandra Palace near Yalta is one of the official residences of Ukraine.
![Page 45: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Swallow's Nest, a symbol of Crimea, one of the best-known, romantic castles near Yalta. It was built in 1912 in the Neo-Gothic style by the order of the German Baron Stengel.
![Page 46: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
The Hansaray, succession home of the Crimean Khans, in Bakhchisaray.
![Page 47: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
The Greek colony of Chersonesos, Sevastopol.
![Page 48: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Genoese fortress of Caffa in Feodosia
![Page 49: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
View of the Sevastopol port.
![Page 50: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Bay of Sudak.
![Page 51: Ukrainian national-cultural revival ( the end of the XVIII c. )](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062807/568150c5550346895dbee790/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
View of Yalta and the surrounding Crimean Mountains, as seen from the "Tsar's Path".