#ukphc18 fulford passivhaus designing, building & beyond · and lighting to central staircase....
TRANSCRIPT
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#UKPHC18
Fulford PassivhausDesigning, building &
beyondKarin de Vries (client / owner) and
Phil Bixby (architect / Passivhaus Designer)
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Why Passivhaus?
Osborne House• 1920s construction
• 1960s extensions
• 1990s conservatory
Single glazed windows NNo windows on S elevationConservatoryLack of insulationBoys sharing bedroom+Morning sunrise
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Development of the design
• Original proposals – retrofit and extension
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Development of the design
• Original proposals – Osborne House – retrofit and extension
• Got planning permission!
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Development of the design
• Original proposals – Osborne House – retrofit and extension
• Got planning permission!
•BUT..
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Development of the design
•BUT..• Couldn’t get Passivhaus performance
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Development of the design
•BUT..• Couldn’t get Passivhaus performance
• Compromises over layout
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Development of the design
•BUT..• Couldn’t get Passivhaus performance
• Compromises over layout
• It was work to an existing building so it would cost 20% extra as we’d have to pay VAT
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
• …plus shading to south-facing glazing, along with additional brise-soleil
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
• …plus shading to south-facing glazing, along with additional brise-soleil
• Careful modelling to try to avoid overheating in summer…
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
• …plus shading to south-facing glazing, along with additional brise-soleil
• Careful modelling to try to avoid overheating in summer…
• While allowing as much daylightingas possible in winter
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
• …plus shading to south-facing glazing, along with additional brise-soleil
• North elevation glazing minimised – just views from rooms and lighting to central staircase
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Development of the design
• Started from scratch with new-build proposal
• Perfect orientation – roof designed to give maximum area for PVs…
• …plus shading to south-facing glazing, along with additional brise-soleil
• North elevation glazing minimised – just views from rooms and lighting to central staircase
• Got planning permission (some objections over appearance, but smaller than approved extension scheme)
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
• After weather tight stage => we took over project management
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
• After weather tight stage => we took over project management
• Sometimes cheap is not economical =>
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
• After weather tight stage => we took over project management
• Sometimes cheap is not economical =>
• Airtightness took a lot longer than expected due to initial cheaper choice.
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
• After weather tight stage => we took over project management
• Sometimes cheap is not economical =>
• Airtightness took a lot longer than expected due to initial cheaper choice.
• Cheap render now needs regular maintenance, expensive in the long run
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Construction process
• Limited budget = > tough choices
• After weather tight stage => we took over project management
• Sometimes cheap is not economical =>
• Airtightness took a lot longer than expected due to initial cheaper choice.
• Cheap render now needs regular maintenance, expensive in the long run
• No compromise on renewables =>
• The house creates an energy income because of generating electricity resulting in a yearly profit of over £1,000
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Airtightness
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Specification choices
• Hybrid foundation comprising perimeter strip foundation to carry blockwork external leaf
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Specification choices
• Hybrid foundation comprising perimeter strip foundation to carry blockwork external leaf… plus…
• Slab on polystyrene insulation
• …plus local pad foundations where point loads
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• Suitable grades of polystyrene used to carry timber frame loads
Specification choices
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• Suitable grades of polystyrene used to carry timber frame loads
• …while also minimising thermal bridging
Specification choices
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• Wall construction – multi-layer
Specification choices
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• Wall construction – multi-layer
• 140mm timber frame for low cost
• External rendered blockwork for low cost
• Multiple layers of insulationto reduce thermal bridging
Specification choices
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Energy and the sun
South facing:Large windows
North facing:Small windows
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Energy andthe sun• Passive solar gain
windows
larger than
heat losses windows
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Solar panels PHPP forecast of solar panel generation:8466 kWh or 89 kWh/m2
Generation2016: 9360 kWh2017: 9140 kWh2018: 8990 kWh (so far)
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• October PHPP:• Heating demand:
68 kWh. • The house has
never needed heating in October so far.
• October 2018• Hot water
requirement for family with 3 teenagers (!!!):
• From solar panels 199.5 kWh
• From grid: 42 kWh
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Hot water requirement
• PHPP exaggerates the use for hot water for our 5 person household
• Actual use is on average approx. 7.5 kWH per day.
• Immersun diversion in the months March to October is virtually 100 %, i.e. all water heating from the solar panels.
• In October: 200 kWh from solar panels and 42 kWh from grid.
• November-February: No import from grid on sunny days.
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Hot water cylinder and Immersuns
20 Dec 2015: Solar generation 18 kWh • Enough solar generation to heat up hot water cylinder (6.5-8 kWh)• Passive solar gain and body heat to keep house warm to 20 0C.• Plus: kettle, dish washer, washing machine etc
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Solar Generation 2016, export and import
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Electricity use 2016:From pv: 4024 kWh (21.6 kWh/m2)From grid: 1237 kWh*(6.6 kWh/m2)OR: 5186 kWh*(27.9 kWh/m2)Total: 5261 kWh (28.3 kWh/m2)OR: 9210 kWh (49.5 kWh/m2)*incl electric car
Solar generation 2016: 9200 kWhSolar pv personal use: 4024 kWhSolar pv export: 5176 kWh
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• Design of house pre-dates Passivhaus Plus and Premium designations
Passivhaus certification
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Passivhaus certification
• Design of house pre-dates Passivhaus Plus and Premium designations
• Went through usual certification process
• Airtightness testing and evidence of construction according to approved specification
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• Design of house pre-dates Passivhaus Plus and Premium designations
• Went through usual certification process
• Airtightness testing and evidence of construction according to approved specification
• During certification process the higher standards were introduced
• Realised that house qualified as Passivhaus Plus – the first to be certified in the UK!
Passivhaus certification
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Life in a Passivhaus PlusHeating:MVHR recycles 84 per cent of exhaust air heat.1 kW postheater on mvhr supply pipe4 towel radiator (120W, 400W, 500W, 600W)1 radiator in sitting room 1.2kW since 2016.Temperature is stable.
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Comfort
Some sample temperature data from January 2016 (Emonpi)It shows the external temperature varying between about 3 and 14 degrees while the internal temperature remains between 20 and 22 degrees.*
*This was before the post heater was working properly and
before any other heating was installed.
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After a week away over Christmas 2015- no heating on
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Need for warmth
• Sunny winter days create passive solar gain and solar pv.
• Cloudy rainy days =>
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Need for warmth
• Sunny winter days create passive solar gain and solar pv.
• Cloudy rainy days => Electricity from grid needed to provide warm water.
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Need for warmth
• Sunny winter days create passive solar gain and solar pv.
• Cloudy rainy days => Electricity from grid needed to provide warm water.
• Cold cloudy days => Grid electricity required for keeping the house warm and providing hot water.
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Edible garden
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Towards zero carbon