uk scaffolding · 2019. 11. 12. · uk scaffolding coommpannyy fssaafeettyy hhaannddbb oookk issue...

UK SCAFFOLDING

Company Health & Safety Handbook

Issue 3 – March 2014

UK Scaffolding CCoommppaannyy SSaaffeettyy HHaannddbbooookk

Issue 2 (03-14) of 35

Contents

1.0 Introduction by the Managing Director ............................................................................... 4 2.0 General Policy Statement .................................................................................................... 5 3.0 Organisation for Health & Safety ......................................................................................... 6 4.0 Important Contact Numbers ................................................................................................ 7 5.0 Health & Safety Advice ........................................................................................................ 8 6.0 Health & Safety Induction ................................................................................................... 8 7.0 Communication with the Workforce ................................................................................... 9 8.0 Reporting Accidents, Injuries, Near Misses & Property Damage .......................................... 9 9.0 Work at Height .................................................................................................................... 9

9.1 Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................................................ 10 10.0 Manual Handling ............................................................................................................... 10

10.1 Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................................................ 10 11.0 Safe Working Before & During Scaffold Erection ............................................................... 13 12.0 Erection of Scaffolds .......................................................................................................... 14

12.1 Bases ................................................................................................................................... 14 12.2 Setting Out .......................................................................................................................... 14 12.3 Bracing ................................................................................................................................ 14 12.4 Standards ............................................................................................................................ 14 12.5 Ledgers ................................................................................................................................ 14 12.6 Transoms ............................................................................................................................. 15 12.7 Ties ...................................................................................................................................... 15 12.8 Ladders ................................................................................................................................ 15 12.9 The Working Platform ......................................................................................................... 15

13.0 Dismantling of Scaffolds .................................................................................................... 15 14.0 Storage & Stacking of Materials ........................................................................................ 16 15.0 Risk Assessments ............................................................................................................... 16 16.0 Method Statements .......................................................................................................... 17 17.0 Rescue Plans ...................................................................................................................... 17 18.0 Roofwork ........................................................................................................................... 17 19.0 Lifting Operations .............................................................................................................. 18 20.0 Knots, Bends & Hitches...................................................................................................... 18

20.1 Rolling Hitch ........................................................................................................................ 18 20.2 Timber Hitch ........................................................................................................................ 18

21.0 Work Equipment ............................................................................................................... 19 21.1 Mobile Plant & Equipment .................................................................................................. 19 21.2 Basic Safety Rules for Mobile Plant & Equipment .............................................................. 19 21.3 Hand Tools .......................................................................................................................... 19 21.4 Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................................................ 19

22.0 Safety Signs ....................................................................................................................... 20 23.0 Personal Protective Equipment ......................................................................................... 21

23.1 Head Protection .................................................................................................................. 21 23.2 Hand Protection .................................................................................................................. 22 23.3 Foot Protection ................................................................................................................... 22 23.4 Skin Protection .................................................................................................................... 22 23.5 Eye Protection ..................................................................................................................... 22 23.6 Hearing Protection .............................................................................................................. 22

24.0 Fall Protection Equipment ................................................................................................. 23 25.0 Hazardous Substances ....................................................................................................... 23 26.0 Asbestos ............................................................................................................................ 24 27.0 Housekeeping .................................................................................................................... 24 28.0 Welfare Facilities ............................................................................................................... 25

28.1 Personal Hygiene ................................................................................................................ 25 28.2 Hygiene - Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................................ 25


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29.0 Smoking at Work ............................................................................................................... 25 30.0 Adverse Weather............................................................................................................... 25 31.0 The Use of Ladders ............................................................................................................ 26

31.1 Ladders - Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................................ 26 32.0 Overhead Power Lines ....................................................................................................... 26

32.1 Overhead Power Lines - Basic Safety Rules......................................................................... 26 33.0 Portable Electrical Equipment ........................................................................................... 27

33.1 Portable Electrical Equipment Basic Safety Rules ............................................................... 27 34.0 Work Over Water .............................................................................................................. 27

34.1 Work Over Water - Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................ 27 35.0 Protection of the Public ..................................................................................................... 28 36.0 Mobile Plant & Traffic ....................................................................................................... 28 37.0 Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPS) ...................................................................... 28 38.0 Transport ........................................................................................................................... 29

38.1 Convictions .......................................................................................................................... 29 38.2 Care of Your Vehicle ............................................................................................................ 29 38.3 Security of Vehicles ............................................................................................................. 30 38.4 Driving Tips .......................................................................................................................... 30

39.0 Drugs & Alcohol ................................................................................................................. 31 39.1 Drugs & Alcohol - Basic Safety Rules ................................................................................... 31

40.0 Fire .................................................................................................................................... 31 40.1 Basic Fire Safety Rules ......................................................................................................... 31 40.2 Know Your Extinguishers ..................................................................................................... 32

41.0 First Aid ............................................................................................................................. 33 42.0 Special Scaffolds & Scaffold Design ................................................................................... 33

42.1 Scaffold Design - Basic Safety Rules .................................................................................... 33 43.0 Scaffold Inspection & Handover ........................................................................................ 33

43.1 Inspection & Handover - Basic Safety Rules ........................................................................ 33 44.0 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 35 45.0 Acknowledgement ............................................................................................................ 35

*Selected images courtesy & copyright NASC.


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1.0 Introduction by the Managing Director Everyone at work has responsibilities. The Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 outlines these responsibilities by stating the duty of the employer towards their employees and also the employees duty to have regard for their own safety and that of others affected by his acts or omissions. The company commitment to play its part in the prevention of accidents is given in the statement of intent in the company safety policy. All employees are expected to follow the advice given in these pages. No work is completely free from risk and sometimes people get hurt, but these risks can be minimised or eliminated if everyone takes reasonable care. The aim of this handbook is to set out basic rules for safety, which apply to the type of work you are doing. It will not tell you how to do your job. You will already know this. This handbook gives guidance to show how to conduct yourself whilst at work in order to avoid injury to yourself, your workmates, or anyone else. The company expects you not to take chances or to work under hazardous conditions. If you are in any doubt about the safe and proper way to do any job, consult your supervisor. We want people who work for us to be safe and to put safety first in everything they do. Please take the time to study this handbook and always feel free to discuss any safety matters with your colleagues and supervisor. As a scaffolding contractor we are constantly faced with significant hazards and risks to health and safety from both our own operations and our customer workplace. These hazards and risks need to be adequately controlled to eliminate or minimise those risks. You are required to read and understand the contents of this handbook. If you have any questions or if anything is unclear you must speak to your supervisor before commencing work. You will also find additional detail in the company Health & Safety Policy and this will provide additional detail on the steps will take to ensure your health and safety whilst working for us. Michael Corrigan Managing Director March 2014


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2.0 General Policy Statement UK Scaffolding are committed entirely to the preservation of our employee’s health, safety, welfare and the protection of the environment At the planning stage and throughout the execution of our operations up to completion we are committed to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the preservation of the health, safety and welfare of everyone engaged by us or affected by our activities. We will consider the environment when planning and carrying out our activities ensuring, so far as is reasonably practicable, minimal disruption and environmentally friendly techniques We will, through continual development and implementation, ensure:

Safe and healthy working conditions and systems of work, which when carried out, will not affect our or others health, safety or welfare

Facilities for employer/employee consultation on health and safety matters and discussions with individual employees before giving them particular health and safety responsibilities

A commitment to the provision of relevant information, instruction and training in respect of their health and safety which may arise out of their work or workplace

Safe arrangements for the use, handling, storage and transport of articles and substances

Personal protective equipment, respiratory protective equipment and safety equipment to conform to statutory requirements

Continually strive to improve health, safety, welfare and environmental awareness

The company further undertakes to ensure that adequate resources are available for the implementation of this policy.

Michael Corrigan Managing Director March 2014


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3.0 Organisation for Health & Safety

Michael Corrigan

Andy Lakner

Jayne Corrigan

External Design Engineer

HGV Drivers

Scaffolding Chargehands

Scaffolding Labourers

Scaffolders

Yard Foreman

Yard Operatives


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4.0 Important Contact Numbers

Name Job Title Telephone Number

Mike Corrigan Managing Director 07831 693 566

Jayne Corrigan Office Manager 07557 002 810

Andy Lakner Supervisor 07900 958 589

Randle Bateman Charge-hand 07792 289 214

Paul Burywood Yard Manager 07725 267 155


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5.0 Health & Safety Advice UK Scaffolding Limited employs the services of Simian Risk Management Limited as independent health and safety consultants to provide professional assistance and guidance to support the line-management. They are appointed as competent advisors and help discharge the Company’s duty under regulation 7 of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999. The Health & Safety Consultants are responsible for keeping the Company up to date with occupational health and safety: new and changing health and safety legislation, case law, and best practice. 6.0 Health & Safety Induction All new starters with UK Scaffolding will be required to undergo health and safety induction training. This training will provide details on what you can expect from your employment with us and what safety rules must be adhered to. The following will be covered: -

Pay

Working hours

Holidays

Pension

Probation period

Notice periods

Terms and conditions

Data protection

Accident reporting

Company vehicles

Work at height

PPE

Competence

Health and safety standards

Sickness and absence

Discipline and grievance procedures

Equal opportunities

Harassment and bullying

Responsibilities of employer

Organisation

Responsibilities of employee

Risk assessments

Manual handling

Ground conditions

Power tools

Drugs and alcohol

Emergency arrangements


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7.0 Communication with the Workforce Toolbox talks will take place on a monthly basis covering topics relevant at that time. From time-to-time, these talks may be supplemented by other talks where circumstance demands. 8.0 Reporting Accidents, Injuries, Near Misses & Property Damage All accidents or incidents which result in:-

Injury to employees, subcontractors or third parties.

Any damage to company or third party property, plant or equipment.

Near misses which could have resulted in an injury, damage or accidents.

Environmental damage or pollution at company premises, third party premises or sites. Report immediately or by the fastest possible means to:-

Your supervisor.

Your manager.

Any other senior member of the company should you be unable to contact any of the above Reports must be made as soon as possible after the event has occurred and at the latest 24 hours afterwards, under any circumstances. All injuries or damage will be documented and, where appropriate, investigated. All employees have a duty to co-operate with any investigation. All personal injuries must be recorded at the location in the on-site accident book. If you are unable to do this yourself request that an entry is made on your behalf. Certain categories of major or reportable injuries or dangerous occurrences must be reported to the Health and Safety Executive under the RlDDOR Regulations. The company safety procedures, which are held centrally at the office, detail the reporting requirements for accidents. We expect all accidents, incidents and cases of property damage are reported without delay. There are no acceptable reasons for non-reporting. 9.0 Work at Height The potential to fall from height is the most significant hazard scaffolders have to face. On average 3-4 scaffolders are killed every year falling from height and many more receive very serious injuries that prevent them from working again. All scaffolders working for us must be CISRS accredited to the appropriate grade. Responsibility for maintaining CISRS accreditation rests with the individual employee. Any scaffolding employee who is exposed to a risk of a fall from height, must wear and use fall arrest equipment in line with: -

The latest edition of the NASC Guidance Note ‘SG4:10 (Advanced guardrails, steps etc.)

Any additional local rules imposed by a client/customer.


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NB. Every scaffolding employee must receive training in the above requirements and be familiar with the latest edition of SG4 and have watched the appropriate training DVD such as that provided by the company relating to scaffolders step up platforms. 9.1 Basic Safety Rules 1. Always wear and use your safety harness as instructed. 2. Always inspect your safety harness and associated equipment before use to check that it is in

good order. 3. You are expected to utilise the most appropriate means of fall protection available in the

circumstances. 4. Tunnelling is not permitted. 5. Only ledgers, transoms and guardrails that are supported by

load bearing couplers and do not have a joint in the bay may be used as anchor points.

6. Always use ladder access and only climb the scaffold structure

as a last resort, always clipped-on and always on the inside. 7. Remain clipped-on when raising or lowering materials or create

a safe handling bay (i.e. Double guardrails etc) 8. Transoms must be spaced at 1.2m. 9. You must remain clipped on when within 1m of an exposed edge.(safe zone) 10. Guardrails must be left in position ready for the dismantling process. 10. If in any doubt ask! 10.0 Manual Handling On average 30% of all the injuries to employees every year are manual handling related. Scaffolding operations generally require intensive manual handling operations. Scaffolding materials, due to their nature (21’ tube and 13’ boards), require specialist handling techniques. These techniques are core-skills and an inherent part of our trade. A scaffolder is not considered competent unless he can demonstrate the correct handling techniques. To reduce the risk of manual handling injuries all scaffolding operatives require training and instruction in the correct handling techniques and the precautions to be taken – before, during and after handling materials. The following basic safety rules offer basic instructions that should be observed. 10.1 Basic Safety Rules 1. Plan the lay down/storage areas to reduce the distance materials have to be manually

handled. 2. Only tackle loads that you can reasonably handle within your own physical capabilities.

Observe the guidance provided for maximum loads of scaffolding materials to be manually handled.


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3. Eliminate some manual handling operations by using mechanical handling equipment and manual handling aids e.g. light-line and fitting bag, gin wheel and rope, wheelbarrow, trolley, winch, crane etc. NB. Lifting equipment should only be used by operatives who have been trained and are competent to ensure that it is used safely.

4. Always use the correct ‘kinetic’ handling technique.

FEET on a firm level base a comfortable distance apart (300mm).

Use your LEGS and not your back to bend.

HEAD slightly raised and chin tucked in to help straighten your spine.

Keep your BACK straight.

ARMS should be kept as close to the body as possible.

A good grip with your HANDS is essential, with the weight taken by the palm and base of the fingers.

5. Avoid twisting with the trunk of the body. 6. Always check the transit route before manual handling to ensure that it is suitable and free

from obstructions. 7. When handling long materials beware of damage to property, overhead electric lines, other

people and moving vehicles. 8. Always raise and lower material in a controlled manner i.e. : -

Chain materials hand to hand.

Use manual handling aids e.g. light-lines and fitting bags.

Use mechanical handling equipment e.g. cranes, winches, hoists and other lifting equipment when arranged by your Supervisor.

Step 1 - Stop & Think

Plan the lift

Where is the load going to be placed?

Are there any handling aids I can use?

Is the load safe can it damage me?

Is it stable can the contents move?

Will I need a rest mid-way or to adjust my grip?

Do I need help?

What is my route like?

How can I get close to the load? Step 2 - Place the Feet

Have the feet apart giving balance and a stable base for lifting (tight clothing and unsuitable footwear makes this more difficult).

Place the leading leg as far forward as is comfortable. Step 3 - Adopt a Good Posture


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Bend the knees and grasp the load as near level with the waist as possible.

Do not kneel or over flex the knees.

Keep a straight back maintaining its natural curve.

Tuck in the chin while gripping the load helps.

Lean forward over the load if necessary to get a good grip.

Avoid twisting; try to keep the shoulders level and facing the same way as the hips. Step 4 - Get a Firm Grip

Try to keep the arms within the boundary formed by the legs.

Ensure you get a firm grip.

The grip depends upon the circumstances and personal preference.

A hook grip is less fatiguing than keeping the fingers straight.

Alter the grip if necessary but do it as smoothly as possible. Step 5 - Don’t Jerk

Carry out the lifting movement smoothly.

Raise the chin as the lift begins.

Use your legs.

Keep control of the load throughout the lift. Step 6 - Move the Feet

Don’t twist the trunk when turning to the side Step 7 - Keep the Load Close

Keep the load close to the trunk for as long as possible.

Keep the heaviest side of the load next to the trunk.

At UK Scaffolding we recommend as a general guideline that a reasonable load for an individual should not be more than 25-30kg.

For example if load weighs 40kg and all other steps have been considered to eliminate or reduce the risk of injury, then it should be handled by at least 2 people using the correct handling technique.

Unwieldy loads such as a long pole ladder should not be handled by 1 person only.


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11.0 Safe Working Before & During Scaffold Erection 1. Examine all materials as they arrive or during unloading at site, and remove any damaged or

defective materials. These should be returned to the yard and must not be used in the construction of the scaffold.

2. Ensure that all materials are stacked safely, especially if the work is over or near a public or

pedestrian thoroughfare. 3. Take all necessary precautions where street or overhead work is being carried out, to ensure

the public or others are not put at risk. This may mean the erection of diversion barriers and signs. "Men Working Over head" notices should always be prominently displayed.

4. Special care must be taken when working in close proximity to overhead or adjacent power

cables. Treat all exposed cables and wires as "live". 5. Ensure you are in possession of all necessary job related risk assessments, method statements

or permits to work, before you start work. 6. YOU SHOULD KNOW WHAT THE SCAFFOLD IS TO BE USED FOR! 7. Before starting work always inform the person in charge of the site. 8. Look at the building or structure you are going to scaffold and if you

have any doubts about lack of tie positions, unsafe bases or walls, cornices, roofs or any aspect of the job - ASK FOR ADVICE - don't take a chance.

9. Don't block or obstruct essential services such as fire hydrants or

manholes, or doorways and fire exits. 10. When you leave the job, ensure materials are stored or stacked safely and are not in

doorways, on pavements or in the roadway. 11. Always ensure that "Scaffold Incomplete" signs are prominently displayed until the job is

completed.

12. Access to unsafe or incomplete parts of any scaffold should be prevented by physical means. i.e. the installation of temporary guardrails, or by ‘boarding up’ the ladder.


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12.0 Erection of Scaffolds Ensure that all scaffolding work you carry out complies with the Work at Height Regulations 2005 and BSEN 12811 as appropriate, (remember that TG20:08 is the guidance on BSEN 12811!) design information and any special site requirements. Work safely, protect others, provide a safe access structure for yourself and for the eventual user, and take care to ensure your own safety. Together these and the following basic rules can reduce risks, hazards, accidents and injuries at work. 12.1 Bases

Ensure the ground is suitable before you base out.

Always use a base plate under every standard.

Use sole pads on soil, gravel, tarmac etc., and remember the MINIMUM size of any sole pad is 9” x 18” (225mm x 450 mm) No exceptions!

Sloping ground may need pockets to be dug or a designed base.

12.2 Setting Out

Avoid putting others at risk when stacking materials on the job. Especially :-

In pedestrian areas.

Near public access, doorways or steps.

Near fire hydrants, manholes and other emergency equipment.

Never leave standing materials unattended.

Agree storage areas with the site custodian prior to starting the job.

12.3 Bracing

Brace as you go. Erect temporary rakers until your first ties are in place.

Section brace correctly, every other pair of standards every lift.

Facade or wind brace every 45` (15m or 6 bays) at 45 degrees or dog-legged on the face of the bay.

Do not leave out any brace. Bracing can only be designed out of a scaffold by putting something extra back into the structure – a designer’s input should be sought!

12.4 Standards

Must be vertical and plumb. A slight deviation can affect the load bearing capacity of the standard.

Must be at the correct centres for the type of scaffold and its load.

Always stagger joints in standards.

Use sleeve couplers for joints. Only use spigot pins in exceptional circumstances.

12.5 Ledgers

Must be horizontal and level.

Must be at the correct lift height.

Must be connected to standards with a load-bearing fitting.

Always stagger ledgers. Opposing joints must not be in the same bay.

Always use sleeve couplers for ledger joints.


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12.6 Transoms

All boards must be supported at 1.2m centres to comply with SG4.

12.7 Ties

Tie in the scaffold. Never leave out ties unless the scaffold is so designed to be free standing.

Tie spacing will vary for different types of scaffolding.

Check the spacing is right for the scaffold you are erecting.

Hilti type ties and anchors must be tested by trained operatives to the specification of the appropriate design and TG4:11.

12.8 Ladders

Check all ladders are in good sound condition, free from splits, warps and broken rungs.

Should be pitched on a firm and level base and where practicable set at an angle of 4 up to 1 out.

Must be securely lashed or clipped at the top to the scaffold.

Make sure the ladder is the correct length.

Should project at least 1 .05m (3'6" or 5 rungs) above the working platform.

Keep access holes 2 boards wide and as small as possible in length.

Install ladders as you go and use them for your own access.

12.9 The Working Platform

Ensure the working platform is close boarded with toeboards fitted correctly, don't miss off end toeboards.

Check all boards for natural and man-made defects. Reject all suspect or obviously defective boards.

Working platforms should be fully guard railed.

Make sure your platform is as wide as it can be. (One board may be omitted when attachment to the ledger below is required).

13.0 Dismantling of Scaffolds 1. Before dismantling, the scaffold should be checked to ensure all ties and braces are still in

position and the scaffold is in a stable condition. If the dismantling is only partial ensure the remaining section is left fully safe and stable. It may be necessary to re-instate missing ties.

2. Erect warning signs in prominent positions to warn the public and other workers. If necessary

erect diversionary barriers to exclude third parties from the work area. This is particularly important for areas where the scaffold is incomplete. (Signage alone is not sufficient – barriers should also be used to physically prevent access to unsafe scaffold parts)

3. Dismantle progressively and systematically. 4. Scaffolds should be dismantled to ensure that they remain stable throughout the dismantling

process – Do not remove ties unless there is a requirement to! 5. Do not overload platforms or lifts with dismantled materials, retain toeboards on lifts to

contain materials and don't stack above the toeboard. 6. Never stack materials on a protective fan. 7. Remove protection fan boards and needles before you remove the ties above


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8. Remove all materials from the building, roofs and projecting surfaces. 9. ALWAYS LOWER MATERIALS IN A CONTROLLED MANNER DURING DISMANTLING. NEVER

"BOMB". The bombing of materials is an act of gross misconduct and will warrant dismissal. 10. Ensure all materials are cleared from the site on completion of dismantling. 14.0 Storage & Stacking of Materials Safe storage and stacking of materials is of utmost importance whether out on site or at New Scaffolding’s Yard. As a rule of thumb, the following should be considered when stacking: -

Are packs of tubes longer than 16 foot secured using four bands?

Are packs of tubes be-tween 10-16 foot secured using three bands?

Are packs of tubes shorter than 10 foot secured using two bands?

Are all packs of tubes 16 foot or longer supported using three skids?

Are packs of 13 foot boards secured using three bands?

Are packs of boards less than 13 foot secured using two bands?

Are tubes stacked no more than eight packs high?

Are boards stacked no more than six packs high?

15.0 Risk Assessments The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 make the provision of risk assessments a legal requirement for all employers. Risk assessments have to be provided where there is a foreseeable risk to the health and safety of employees, or others affected by the activities of the company or its employees. Risk assessment is something we all consciously or sub-consciously do everyday, at work or at home, whether it's crossing the road, changing a bulb, erecting a scaffold or repairing a computer. A formal risk assessment should: -

Identify, and determine the degree of severity, of the known risks or hazards in a job or task.

Seek to eliminate the known risks or hazards if practicable.

Detail measures to protect workers against any remaining risks or hazards.

Determine compliance with any relevant legislation which affects the work or task to be carried out.

Specify any protective equipment, clothing or tools to be used to protect against remaining hazards.

Be documented.

Be monitored to ensure that procedures and methods are being complied with and that circumstances have not changed significantly.

There may be jobs or tasks or situations where the same risk assessment can be used, this is known as a "generic" assessment. There will be occasions when the assessment will be done by you, and is an informal stand-back, five minute look at the job before you start work. Whatever the form of risk assessment, they are means of reducing to a minimum the hazards and risks at work and the possibilities of accidents and injuries to all employees. At UK Scaffolding risk assessments (and method statements) are produced by the manager. You will be expected to confirm your acknowledgement of the risks identified and the safe system of work to be applied prior to commencing work.


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16.0 Method Statements Method statements are produced to enable more information to be given to you about how the job is to be done, and many of our customers require a method statement before work commences. There is nothing complicated about a method statement - it is a structured list, which can include: -

Defining erection and dismantling sequences and how men and materials are to get to and from the workplace.

Details of storage areas for materials.

What precautionary work may be needed before starting work?

What protective equipment you need to wear.

Emergency or rescue procedures and what restrictions or prohibitions exist?

Who needs to be notified that work is taking place?

Details of the individual in charge.

If a method statement has been prepared, you should receive a copy of it before works commences and follow it in detail. If you have any queries, ask - don't change the method without getting it agreed by your supervisor. 17.0 Rescue Plans A rescue plan will be provided for all work at height activities you undertake and will detail the measures to be implemented if there is a need to rescue a suspended casualty following an arrested fall from height. Documents of this nature have as much significance as risk assessments & method statements and should be treated accordingly. 18.0 Roofwork Working on any roof even in perfect conditions should never be considered as a usual working practice or situation. Every year, many skilled and trained roofers are killed in accidents, usually involving falls from height and often through fragile parts of the roof.

The dangerous and easy assumption for scaffolders is that working on roofs is the same as working at heights. IT IS NOT.

Working on roofs comes within the scope of the Work at Height Regulations 2005.

Roof work must only be carried out by operatives who are physically capable of that work.

Always use crawling boards, roof ladders (or another suitable system for preventing falls) for access onto sloping, slippery or fragile roofs. These must be secured to prevent them moving.

NEVER WALK DIRECTLY ON FRAGILE ROOF SHEETS.

Identity any type of roof lights or other types of fragile materials. Guardrail or cover them to prevent you or others falling through.

Ensure you have a safe system of work when erecting guardrails for the protection of roofers and others.

Erect barriers to define your work area and prohibit access to unauthorised areas of roof.

Do not work off open steelwork unless this is specifically permitted in the safe system of work.

If you are required to wear fall prevention equipment, ensure it is worn correctly and you are clipped on to a secure anchor point.

Most fixed sites, some companies, factories, local authorities and utility companies operate roof permit to work systems. Do not do any work in these locations without a valid and current roof permit.

All roof work undertaken by UK Scaffolding operatives must be subject to risk assessment, if you do not possess a risk assessment, you should cease work until the necessary documentation is in place.


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19.0 Lifting Operations Operating mechanical handling equipment or involvement in any lifting operations is considered by the Company to be high-risk work. All lifting operations involving loads suspended by cranes, winches etc. require a risk assessment to be carried out and method statement to be prepared and followed. Only appointed and trained ‘Slinger/Signallers’ or ‘Banksman’ to sling loads and give signals to the Lifting Equipment Operators (I.e. Crane Driver). Never access beneath or allow anyone under a suspended load. 20.0 Knots, Bends & Hitches 20.1 Rolling Hitch This is the preferred knot for lifting tubes and is used in conjunction with a half hitch to prevent the tubes splaying. Tubes should be lifted singularly or in bundles of 3. 20.2 Timber Hitch The timber hitch is suitable for lifting scaffold boards and is used in conjunction with a half hitch to prevent the boards splaying.

Figure of Eight Knot

Used to prevent the end of a rope from fraying or from passing

through a gin wheel


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21.0 Work Equipment 21.1 Mobile Plant & Equipment Only employees, who have been appointed by management and assessed as competent (Evidence of training/licences) are to use plant and equipment, including: -

Forklift trucks

Commercial vehicles (vans, wagons etc.)

Power tools

Mechanical cranes, hoists, winches etc.

Workshop / yard machinery

Mobile elevated working platforms (MEWPs)

System scaffolding

21.2 Basic Safety Rules for Mobile Plant & Equipment 1. Always inspect equipment before use. 2. Never interfere with or remove guards. 3. Always adjust guards correctly; they are intended to protect you. 4. Never use damaged or defective equipment. Segregate any equipment that is not in good order and report any damage or defects. 5. Always follow the operating instructions and wear the appropriate personal protective equipment 6. Do not wear loose clothing and tie back long hair when operating drills to prevent

entanglement. 7. All power tools must be signed in and out and are the full responsibility of the signatory when signed out. 21.3 Hand Tools Most accidents with hand tools are caused by men striking themselves or others by misusing them or using worn or defective tools. 21.4 Basic Safety Rules 1. Always use the right tools for the job – Never improvise. 2. Always inspect hand tools before use – Worn or damaged tools are dangerous. 3. Carry and place tools safely so that they cannot be dropped or dislodged or become a trip

hazard. 4. Report defective equipment immediately and do not use it!


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22.0 Safety Signs

Mandatory

Safe Condition

Fire Equipment Prohibition

Warning


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23.0 Personal Protective Equipment Any personal protective equipment (PPE) required for the job will be issued free of charge. PPE is useless if is not worn. WEAR IT! Ensure that you take care of the equipment issued for your protection and report any defects immediately. Use the PPE provided in accordance with the local rules, as directed by the risk assessment, method statement or permits to work. 23.1 Head Protection

You will be issued with a company safety helmet.

It is mandatory to wear your helmet when working on all sites and in other designated areas and in the yard.

It is the company rule and a condition of your employment.

It is the law.

WEAR YOUR PPE!

Wear All Required PPE!


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23.2 Hand Protection

Do not wear finger rings whilst working. They can snag on obstructions and tear off fingers.

Wear gloves when handling any materials or substances likely to cause harm or skin irritation.

Never wear gloves when operating circular saws, drills or any machinery into which gloves can be drawn.

Protect your hands with barrier creams and use proper hand cleaning soaps. Never clean your hands with petrol, thinners or similar solvents.

Do not eat, drink or smoke if your hands are dirty or contaminated with substances, which may be harmful to your health, or if your surroundings are dirty or contaminated.

23.3 Foot Protection

It is mandatory for you to wear safety footwear when working on all sites and in yard areas. 23.4 Skin Protection

Many substances, materials and processes can pose risk and hazards to the skin, including acids, paints, corrosives, mineral oils, solvents and other chemicals.

Use gloves, barrier creams and eye protection.

Wear protective aprons or leggings.

Do not put oily rags in your pockets; this can lead to scrotal cancer.

Keep yourself and clothing clean.

Wash your hands before and after using the lavatory.

Wash your hands before eating, drinking or smoking.

Ensure there is a COSHH assessment detailing all the hazards and control measures relating to all substances you use.

23.5 Eye Protection Many tasks and jobs involve hazards which can put your eyes at risk. If you are:

Drilling or cutting wood, metal, concrete or brickwork.

Chiselling, chipping or grinding.

Working in dusty environments, or on sites such as petrochemical or steel-works.

Then you must always wear the proper eye protection for the job, and report any damage or defects to your supervisor.

23.6 Hearing Protection

Protect your hearing. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can permanently damage your hearing.

If you feel uncomfortable about the noise level you are working in - report your problems to your supervisor.

Wear ear protection (ear muffs or plugs) when provided.

Always wear hearing protection when you see the mandatory blue sign.

Report any losses, damage or defects to hearing protection to your supervisor.

Rule of Thumb. If you can't hear what is being said at 1 m or have to shout to make yourself heard over 2m you should be wearing hearing protection in that area!


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24.0 Fall Protection Equipment See section 9 - Work at Height. 25.0 Hazardous Substances Most materials, whether liquid, solid or gas, can be hazardous in certain circumstances. Some substances are more hazardous than others and need special precautions to taken. All hazardous substances that you are likely to use at work should have been assessed for safety as a requirement of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH). To ensure that no harm occurs when you use substances you will be provided with suitable protection and instructions as required by COSHH. Always read and follow the instructions on the packaging and the information provided by the company.

You are likely to encounter the following labels when working with hazardous substances: -


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26.0 Asbestos All forms of asbestos can be extremely hazardous if the fibres are inhaled and can cause very serious health effects. In your day to day operations you may be required to work in building or on plant where materials containing asbestos may be present. It is very important that you do not disturb these materials e.g. thermal insulation on pipe work or in board form in cement sheets etc. If you accidentally disturb materials or you identify material that you suspect to contain asbestos – stop work immediately and inform your Supervisor. Work with asbestos and products containing asbestos are very strictly controlled by legislation. Work to remove or contain asbestos can only be carried out by licensed contractors and special precautions need to be taken. This includes the provision of access and enclosures by scaffolding contractors. You are not permitted to erect any such scaffold enclosures! 27.0 Housekeeping Good housekeeping is essential for a safe workplace. Untidy workplaces are hazardous and reflect poor workmanship. A tidy workplace indicates a well-managed and efficiently executed work activity. 1. Stack all materials neatly: -

Tubes sorted by length with their ends flush.

Boards sorted by length with loose boards stacked no more than 20 high allowing free circulation of air.

Fittings should be segregated and stored in bins or other suitable containers.

See also section 14, storage and stacking materials. 2. Tidy up before leaving the job. Never leave materials in an unsafe position blocking access

routes or presenting a trip hazard. Never leave materials upright unless it is about to be used and then it should be rested into a corner to prevent it falling. After completing each job check to see that no loose equipment is left behind.

3. Clean up all spillages immediately. 4. Keep all offices, mess rooms and welfare facilities tidy. They should be cleaned daily or after

each shift. Use the waste bins – food scraps encourage rats and other vermin – waste paper and discarded clothing increase fire risk.

5. Keep all tools, machines, plant and vehicles clean and report any damage or defects

immediately.


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28.0 Welfare Facilities The Company provides welfare facilities that as a minimum comply with the legal requirements of the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007. These include; toilets, washing and drying facilities, rest and eating facilities etc. Due to the nature of the work you may be required to use our customers or public facilities. Any employee who intentionally or recklessly interferes with (misuses or vandalises) any welfare facilities will face disciplinary action and will be reported to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) for breaches of health and safety law. 28.1 Personal Hygiene Lack of basic personal hygiene is responsible for many skin diseases, digestive disorders and general ill health. 28.2 Hygiene - Basic Safety Rules 1. Always wash hands thoroughly before taking food, drink or smoking. 2. Keep fingernails short and scrub them regularly. 3. Wear suitable gloves when handling contaminated, dirty or rough materials. 4. Keep long hair tied up out of the way. 5. Do not use solvents or petrol to clean hands, only use the cleaning products provided. 6. Barrier and reconditioning creams are strongly recommended for hands to reduce the risk of

skin disease. 7. Keep your work wear in a good state of repair and cleaned regularly. 8. Keep your PPE clean and report and damage or defects immediately. 9. Do not wear rings, bracelets or other adornments at work. 10. Ensure that all cuts, scratches, blisters etc. are treated. 29.0 Smoking at Work The smoking of tobacco products within work area is prohibited in the UK. Smoking is only permitted in external areas that are designated as acceptable for smoking. This means that smoking is not permitted in any new vehicles, yard/office areas or welfare facilities.

30.0 Adverse Weather Bad weather can turn a safe site into a dangerous one in a matter of minutes. Walkways, platforms, stairs, ladders, roadways etc. can be made treacherous by adverse weather. High winds can blow objects about and cause structures to collapse. A strong gust of wind can make structures unstable, cause difficulty in handling materials and even blow a man off an unprotected building or structure.


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Rain, frost or wet materials can make materials difficult to handle or structures slippery. Heavy rain can loosen the sides of excavations or embankments. Always therefore have regard to the weather conditions prevailing and forecast.

If in doubt, go to a position of safety and ask the advice of your supervisor! Do not take chances! 31.0 The Use of Ladders Many work-related injuries involve the use of ladders. These include: -

Slips or falls from ladders.

Carrying loads up or down ladders.

Ladders slipping away at the bottom.

Ladders falling away at the top.

Rungs missing, twisting or breaking.

31.1 Ladders - Basic Safety Rules 1. Check the ladder before use to ensure it is in a good state of repair. 2. Report any defects or damage, segregate damaged or defective ladders and label ‘DO NOT

USE’. 3. Use ladders to avoid climbing scaffold structures. 4. Stand ladders on a firm even base and ensure that both stiles are supported. 5. Set at the correct angle 75˚ or 1 out for every 4 up. 6. Access ladders should project at least 1050mm (3’6”) above the landing platform, unless an

alternative handhold is provided. 7. All ladders should be footed until secured – Lash or secure both stiles near the top of the

ladder – Support tubes should always be positioned so as not to impede the rungs. 8. Never carry loads up or down the ladder - both hands and always face the ladder. 9. Beware of wet, icy or greasy rungs. Clean mud or grease from boots before climbing. 10. Never over-reach from a ladder – MOVE IT! 32.0 Overhead Power Lines Danger of electrocution from overhead power lines is a significant hazard that most scaffolders will face during their career. Metal scaffold components do not have to come into contact with overhead line but merely come within close proximity to cause an often fatal electric shock. High voltage electricity can arc across a distance of several feet. 32.1 Overhead Power Lines - Basic Safety Rules 1. Always check the workplace for overhead cables before erecting, altering or dismantling

scaffolding. 2. Always treat overhead lines as LIVE. Do not assume that they have been isolated or that they

are only telephone lines.


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3. The minimum precautions to be taken when working under or close to overhead lines must be detailed in a specific method statement.

4. Ensure you know the minimum clearances required. 5. Never bypass ‘goal posts’, barriers or other warnings. Remember – If in doubt ASK! 33.0 Portable Electrical Equipment The term portable electrical equipment refers mainly to portable power tools and temporary lighting, but also applies to items such as kettles and radios etc. 33.1 Portable Electrical Equipment Basic Safety Rules 1. Inspect all portable electrical equipment before use and report any damage or defects

immediately. 2. Only battery operated or 110volt (or below) equipment is to be used on site unless authorised

by the Location Manager. 240v equipment must be used in conjunction with a Residual Current Device (RCD) or safety trip.

3. Do not pick up power tools by the cable. 4. Do not trail cables across access routes or through water. 5. Do not attempt to fix or carry out repairs unless you competent and authorised to do so. 6. Do not bring your own electrical equipment (e.g. toasters, radios and kettles etc) Only use

approved and tested electrical appliances. 34.0 Work Over Water When working over or next to water, some special precautions need to be taken to prevent falls into water or someone drowning. If you fall in water or are swept away by powerful waves, strong currents can carry you far away from the point you fell. 34.1 Work Over Water - Basic Safety Rules 1. Always wear emergency life jackets (not buoyancy aids). 2. Never work alone and have means of communication to raise the alarm in the event of an

emergency. 3. Life preservers (Rings) and lines must be available at the workplace and checked regularly. 4. Provide a suitable standby boat for use in a rescue. NB. All personnel involved in work over or next to water must receive training in the emergency

procedure and the use of the emergency equipment.


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35.0 Protection of the Public When working in public areas or overhead of other trades where there is a risk of anything falling into an area where other people have access, special precautions need to be taken.

Precautions include: -

Caution “Scaffolders Working Overhead” signs.

Restrict access below with hoarding, fencing, cones, barriers etc.

Post lookouts to stop anyone walking beneath.

Never handle materials overhead or where people can access.

Pavement gentries, protection fans, crash-desks etc.

Always store materials securely when at height or at risk of falling

Carry out work in the quiet hours.

Temporary lighting, highlight standards, protection on fittings and tube ends etc.

Always follow the work instructions detailed in the method statement.

36.0 Mobile Plant & Traffic Traffic on site and the public highway presents significant hazards to scaffolding operations. We must ensure that suitable precautions are taken to protect: -

Yourself.

Other workers.

Pedestrians and road users.

The scaffold structure.

Company vehicles.

Precautions that may be taken include: -

High-visibility clothing.

Road and pavement closures, warning signs, cones, barriers, traffic controls etc.

Minimum clearances maintained.

Temporary lighting and highlight standards.

Concrete blocks or timber balks to protect the scaffold structure.

Segregated area for parking vehicles, unloading and loading materials.

37.0 Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPS) The use of MEWPS is only permitted when a full risk assessment has been carried out by the scaffolding supervisor. MEWP operators must hold a current CITB CTA Card or IPAF Operators Certificate (PAL) or equivalent. All employees using MEWP’s at height shall be subject to the wearing and use of fall protection equipment. All MEWP’s shall have a clearly designated anchor point within the platform that is capable of sustaining the likely forces imposed. Anchorage must be made to this point at all times when within the MEWP basket.


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38.0 Transport Did you know that:-

Over 90% of road accidents are a result of driver error.

Company drivers are 40-50% more likely to have a collision than the average driver. It is estimated that between 500 and 1000 people die annually in accidents involving

vehicles being driven for work purposes. Company car drivers covering 25,000 miles a year have a 1 in 8000 chance of being

involved in a fatal car accident.

Running a motor fleet is a large overhead. As an employee of UK Scaffolding you can contribute to our success. To be successful in our highly competitive business, the company must be as efficient as possible and to succeed we must reduce the operating costs as far as possible. To control the costs of running the motor fleet it is essential to reduce the accident rates, cost of claims and try to avoid vehicle breakdowns.

In addition to reducing the costs of running the motor fleet, it is felt that these measures will also minimise the possibility of you or your passengers being injured through a road traffic accident. 38.1 Convictions Regardless of how minor, all convictions imposed or pending must be notified immediately to UK Scaffolding management who will decide what action, if any, needs to be taken regarding your entitlement to continue driving company vehicles. Failure to notify convictions could result in your removal from an approved drivers list and could result in disciplinary actions, depending upon the circumstances. 38.2 Care of Your Vehicle

It is your responsibility to ensure your vehicle is kept well maintained. You should:

Wash and clean the vehicle, inside and out, weekly or more regularly if circumstances require this.

Make sure even small dents and scratches are repaired.

Undertake checks, at least on a weekly basis, of brake fluid, engine oil, engine coolant, power steering fluid, windscreen washer fluid, lights/reflectors, and tyres.

These inspections should be carried out daily for goods vehicles, and should also cover other areas such as markers, mirror, load security, seat belts, safety equipment and steering.

Ensure the vehicle is regularly serviced in line with the manufacturers recommended service intervals for the vehicle.

Report and have repaired any mechanical fault.

Ensure the vehicle is road worthy. A clean and well-maintained vehicle will encourage pride in appearance. If your vehicle is kept clean and is driven in a courteous manner the image of your company in the local community will be higher.


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38.3 Security of Vehicles

The risk of theft off or from your vehicle can be reduced by simple measures: -

An unattended vehicle MUST NOT be left with the keys in the ignition or not be properly secured - even if only leaving for a few minutes. Failure to comply may affect our insurance cover.

Value of stock and personal effects should be kept to a minimum in unattended vehicles. Any items, which have to be left, should be secured in a boot or covered area out of sight of passers-by.

Goods vehicles spending the night away where possible should be placed in approved local parks.

If your vehicle is fitted with an alarm or immobiliser this must be armed when the vehicle is left unattended. If your vehicle is fitted with audio equipment and this is removable or part removable for security purposes this must be removed to prevent theft.

38.4 Driving Tips Neither you nor UK Scaffolding wants injuries through vehicle accidents to yourself or others. Following are some driving tips that are effective when put into practice. Consciously practising these will change your driving style for the better.

Check the overall condition of the vehicle on a daily basis.

When driving remember to leave enough time to observe and react. In good conditions allow at least two seconds between you and the vehicle in front, in other than ideal conditions this distance must be doubled - remember the phrase: "ONLY A FOOL BREAKS THE TWO SECOND RULE"

Practice progressive braking and acceleration.

Be aware of what is going on all around your vehicle - constantly scan the area in front, to the sides and your mirrors. Practice moving your eyes and looking not just immediately in front of you but anticipate what may happen by looking into the distance also.

Concentrate on your driving and avoid becoming aggressive in the vehicle.

Check your mirrors and be aware of potential blind spots.

Allow time for your journey including breaks. Current thinking suggests a 15-minute break per 2-hour driving period and a maximum of 300-350 miles per day. Research has suggested that tiredness account for up to 20% of serious accidents on roads. These accidents peak between 2am and 6am and 2pm and 4pm when daily sleepiness is naturally higher.

Practice giving a commentary of your driving and stating potential hazards to accentuate awareness.

Your steering should be smooth.

Always drive to survive - expect the unexpected.

Be aware of what is going on all around you.

Never use a hand held mobile phone or microphone when driving. Using hands free equipment is also likely to distract your attention from the road. It is far safer not to use any telephone while you are driving - find a safe place to stop first.


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39.0 Drugs & Alcohol You are at far greater risk of an injury at work if you or a colleague is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. 35% of all fatal accidents are related to alcohol. 50% of all drivers killed are over the limit or affected by drugs. Alcohol takes time to work out of your system (1pint of normal strength beer or 2 units of alcohol takes approximately 2 hours). So don’t get drunk the night before and expect to work safely the next day. 39.1 Drugs & Alcohol - Basic Safety Rules 1. You are not allowed to bring or consume illegal drugs or alcohol on to work premises. 2. If you are prescribed drugs by a doctor that may affect your performance at work – INFORM

YOUR SUPERVISOR BEFORE YOU STATR WORK! 3. Do not come to work intoxicated by illegal drugs or alcohol – YOU WILL BE SENT HOME AND

YOU WILL LOSE YOUR JOB! 4. Anyone found in possession of illegal drugs at work will be reported to the POLICE! 5. The Company operates a ZERO tolerance for alcohol consumption. 6. UK Scaffolding reserves the right to carry out random tests for drugs and or alcohol and expect

to be tested following any accident or incident. 40.0 Fire Fire kills more than 1000 people every year and injures many thousands more. YOU CAN PREVENT FIRES AND ALSO CAUSE THEM! 40.1 Basic Fire Safety Rules 1. Never hang clothing over or too close to heaters. 2. Do not allow combustible materials to accumulate i.e. Cardboard boxes, paper, oily rags or

other rubbish. 3. Do not smoke in prohibited areas. 4. Never carry out hot work (e.g. burning, cutting, grinding etc…) unless you are trained and

authorised to do so. Special Permit-to-work may be required. 5. Do not light fires; the burning of waste is not permitted. 6. Only use approved & tested electrical appliances. 7. Do not overload sockets and always switch off at the mains when not in use. 8. Make sure you know what to do in case of a fire I.e. raise the alarm, nearest escape route,

assembly points etc…


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9. Always keep fires fighting equipment, fire escapes and routes clear and free from obstruction. 10. Do not use water on electrical or flammable liquid fires. 40.2 Know Your Fire Extinguishers

CO2

Black Markings Suitable for Electrical, Gas & Liquid Fires

Water

Red Markings Suitable for Wood, Cloth, Paper or similar

Foam

Cream Markings Suitable for Flammable Liquid Fires

Dry Powder

Blue Markings Multi-purpose, suitable for all fires


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41.0 First Aid First aid equipment and trained personnel to administer first aid will be provided and maintained in accordance with the Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981, Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L74, as a minimum standard.

The smallest cut, splinter or abrasion can easily become septic. Do not ignore them, see your first-aider and have them attended to. All injuries however trivial must be reported to your supervisor immediately, who will ensure that it is recorded in the accident book. 42.0 Special Scaffolds & Scaffold Design out with of TG20:13 compliance sheets & E: Guide Any scaffold structure requiring design input (e.g. any scaffold outside of the scope of the NASC’s document ‘TG20 current edition’ (compliance sheets) will be subject to a design risk assessment. Calculations will be made by a suitably competent design engineer and drawings produced. Any significant hazards or hazardous work sequences that can not be designed out shall be detailed on the drawing in text, also where appropriate within the specific method statement. 42.1 Scaffold Design - Basic Safety Rules 1. Never deviate from the original design without referring to your supervisor, who must consult

with an engineer to seek further design input. 2. Always follow the design and pay particular attention to any engineers instructions detailed

on the drawings. 43.0 Scaffold Inspection & Handover Complete or partially completed scaffold structures must be inspected and commissioned by a nominated competent person (usually the supervisor or other nominated competent person), to ensure that it has been erected to the required standards and specifications and is safe to use, prior to handover. The owner or user of a scaffold has a legal duty* to carry out specific scaffold inspections. In some circumstances UK Scaffolding will be contracted to carry out these inspections on behalf of our customers. Handover certificates are used to formally communicate that the scaffold is complete, fit for the intended purpose and any restrictions e.g. maximum load etc. *Work at Height Regulations 2005

43.1 Inspection & Handover - Basic Safety Rules 1. Always clearly display ’Do not use Scaffold Incomplete’ signs as soon as practicable when

erecting, altering or dismantling scaffolding. 2. When working on partly ‘Live’ scaffolds ensure that access is restricted to incomplete

platforms, this should be supplemented by physical guardrails and warning signs. 3. Scaffold inspections and handover certificates are only completed by persons appointed and

authorised to do so.


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Scaffold inspections are required: -

Before being taken into use for the first time.

After any substantial addition, dismantling or other alteration.

After any event likely to have affected its strength or stability.

At regular intervals not exceeding 7 days since the last inspection.

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44.0 Conclusion UK Scaffolding expects every employee to carefully observe the Basic Safety Rules and advice contained within this handbook. However, as we are all aware, conditions on site can change very quickly, creating new hazards and dangers to guard against. This is why we ask all employees to make health and safety their first consideration. Your health and safety awareness and co-operation will help to avoid injuries to yourself your colleagues, damage to property and poor workmanship.

Remember

Hazards - If you see it, report it! If in doubt ASK! ======================================================================================================================================= 45.0 Acknowledgement I, the undersigned, confirm that I have received a copy of the UK Scaffolding Employee Safety Handbook (March 2014) and have read it, understand its contents and will enter the spirit of attempting to achieve the highest possible levels of health and safety. Name: - Date: - Signed: -