uc8xsrnd

Cisco Unified Communications System Release 8.x SRND

October 31, 2011

Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883

Text Part Number: OL-21733-12

THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCBs public domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright 1981, Regents of the University of California. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE. IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To view a list of Cisco trademarks, go to this URL: www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1110R) Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental. Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND 20102011 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

CONTENTSPrefacexxxvii xxxvii

New or Changed Information for This Release Revision Historyxxxviii

Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request Cisco Product Security Overview Conventions1xxxix xxxix

xxxviii

CHAPTER

Introduction

1-1 1-3

Cisco Unified Communications System Architecture How to Use This Design Guide11-6

PART

Unified Communications Networking2

CHAPTER

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Networking Architecture2-3 2-4 2-4

2-1

High Availability Capacity Planning3

CHAPTER

Network Infrastructure

3-1 3-4

What's New in This Chapter

LAN Infrastructure 3-4 LAN Design for High Availability 3-4 Campus Access Layer 3-5 Routed Access Layer Designs 3-7 Campus Distribution Layer 3-10 Campus Core Layer 3-12 Power over Ethernet (PoE) 3-13 Category 3 Cabling 3-13 IBM Type 1A and 2A Cabling 3-14 LAN Quality of Service (QoS) 3-14 Traffic Classification 3-16 Interface Queuing 3-18 Bandwidth Provisioning 3-18

Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND OL-21733-12

iii

Contents

Impairments to IP Communications if QoS is Not Employed 3-19 QoS Design Considerations for Virtual Unified Communications with Cisco UCS B-Series Blade Servers 3-19 Standard Switching Element QoS Behavior 3-20 Congestion Scenario 3-21 Design Recommendations 3-21 Network Services 3-21 Domain Name System (DNS) 3-22 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 3-23 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) 3-27 Network Time Protocol (NTP) 3-34 WAN Infrastructure 3-35 WAN Design and Configuration 3-36 Deployment Considerations 3-36 Guaranteed Bandwidth 3-37 Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN) 3-38 Best-Effort Bandwidth 3-38 WAN Quality of Service (QoS) 3-39 Traffic Prioritization 3-40 Scavenger Class 3-42 Link Efficiency Techniques 3-42 Traffic Shaping 3-44 Bandwidth Provisioning 3-46 Provisioning for Bearer Traffic 3-47 Provisioning for Call Control Traffic 3-51 Wireless LAN Infrastructure 3-56 WLAN Design and Configuration 3-56 Wireless Infrastructure Considerations Wireless AP Configuration and Design WLAN Quality of Service (QoS) 3-60 Traffic Classification 3-61 Interface Queuing 3-61 Bandwidth Provisioning 3-62

3-56 3-59

Service Advertisement Framework (SAF) 3-63 Services that SAF Can Advertise 3-63 SAF Networks 3-63 SAF Forwarders, SAF Clients, and non-SAF Networks SAF Autonomous Systems 3-69

3-63

Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

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Contents

CHAPTER

4

Unified Communications Security What's New in This Chapter4-2

4-1

General Security 4-2 Security Policy 4-2 Security in Layers 4-4 Secure Infrastructure 4-5 Physical Security 4-5 IP Addressing 4-5 IPv6 Addressing 4-6 Access Security 4-6 Voice and Video VLANs 4-6 Switch Port 4-8 Port Security: MAC CAM Flooding 4-8 Port Security: Gratuitous ARP 4-9 Port Security: Prevent Port Access 4-10 Port Security: Prevent Rogue Network Extensions 4-10 DHCP Snooping: Prevent Rogue DHCP Server Attacks 4-11 DHCP Snooping: Prevent DHCP Starvation Attacks 4-13 DHCP Snooping: Binding Information 4-13 Requirement for Dynamic ARP Inspection 4-14 802.1X Port-Based Authentication 4-15 Phone Security 4-17 PC Port on the Phone 4-17 PC Voice VLAN Access 4-18 Web Access Through the Phone 4-19 Video Capabilities 4-19 Settings Access 4-19 Phone Authentication and Encryption 4-20 VPN Client for IP Phones 4-21 Quality of Service 4-21 Access Control Lists 4-22 VLAN Access Control Lists 4-22 Router Access Control Lists 4-23 Firewalls 4-24 Routed ASA 4-26 Transparent ASA 4-26 ASA Unified Communications Proxy Feature ASA TLS Proxy 4-28 ASA Phone Proxy 4-28

4-27


v

Contents

ASA Mobility Proxy Feature 4-29 ASA for Unified Presence 4-29 ASA Intercompany Media Engine Proxy Basic Deployment 4-30 Offpath Deployment 4-30 Mid-Call PSTN Fallback 4-31 Design Considerations 4-32 High Availability 4-33 Capacity Planning 4-33 Data Center4-33

4-29

Gateways, Trunks, and Media Resources 4-34 Putting Firewalls Around Gateways 4-35 Firewalls and H.323 4-36 SAF Service 4-36 Unified CM Trunk Integration with Cisco Unified Border Element Applications Servers 4-38 Single Sign-On 4-38 Cisco Security Agent on the Unified CM and Application Servers Cisco Security Agent 4-38 General Server Guidelines 4-39 Deployment Examples 4-39 Lobby Phone Example 4-39 Firewall Deployment Example (Centralized Deployment) Securing Network Virtualization 4-41 Scenario 1: Single Data Center 4-42 Scenario 2: Redundant Data Centers 4-43 Conclusion54-45

4-36

4-38

4-40

CHAPTER

Unified Communications Deployment Models What's New in This Chapter5-1

5-1

Deployment Model Architecture 5-2 High Availability for Deployment Models 5-2 Capacity Planning for Deployment Models 5-3 Site-Based Design 5-3 Site-Based Design Guidance 5-4 Centralized Services 5-5 Distributed Services 5-6 Inter-Networking of Services 5-6 Geographical Diversity of Unified Communications ServicesCisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

5-6

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Contents

Campus 5-7 Best Practices for the Campus Model

5-9

Multisite with Centralized Call Processing 5-9 Best Practices for the Centralized Call Processing Model 5-12 Remote Site Survivability 5-13 Unified CME in SRST Mode 5-16 Best Practices for Unified CME in SRST Mode 5-17 Best Practices for SRST Router 5-17 Enhanced Survivable Remote Site Telephony 5-18 Voice Over the PSTN as a Variant of Centralized Call Processing VoPSTN Using AAR 5-20 VoPSTN Using Dial Plan 5-21

5-19

Multisite with Distributed Call Processing 5-23 Best Practices for the Distributed Call Processing Model 5-25 Call Processing Agents for the Distributed Call Processing Model 5-26 Unified CM Session Management Edition 5-27 When to Deploy Unified CM Session Management Edition 5-28 Differences Between Unified CM Session Management Edition and Standard Unified CM Clusters 5-29 Design Considerations for Session Management Edition Deployments 5-30 Cisco Intercompany Media Engine 5-33 IME Components 5-33 GoDaddy.com Enrollment Server 5-34 Intercompany Media Engine Bootstrap Servers 5-34 Intercompany Media Engine Servers 5-34 Unified Communications Manager and Session Management Edition Adaptive Security Appliance 5-35 IME Architecture 5-35 IME Learned Routes 5-35 IME Call Processing 5-38 PSTN Failover 5-39 Capacity Planning 5-41 High Availability 5-41 Design Considerations 5-42 Clustering Over the IP WAN 5-44 WAN Considerations 5-45 Intra-Cluster Communications 5-46 Unified CM Publisher 5-46 Call Detail Records (CDR) and Call Management Records (CMR)

5-34

5-47


vii

Contents

Delay Testing 5-47 Error Rate 5-48 Troubleshooting 5-48 Local Failover Deployment Model 5-48 Unified CM Provisioning for Local Failover 5-52 Gateways for Local Failover 5-53 Voicemail for Local Failover 5-53 Music on Hold and Media Resources for Local Failover Remote Failover Deployment Model 5-53 Unified CMBE 6000 Clustering over the WAN 5-55

5-53

Deploying Unified Communications on Virtualized Servers 5-56 Cisco Unified Computing System 5-56 Cisco UCS B-Series Blade Servers 5-57 Cisco UCS 5100 Series Blade Server Chassis 5-57 Cisco UCS 2100 Series Fabric Extenders 5-58 Cisco UCS 6100 Series Fabric Interconnect Switch 5-58 Cisco UCS Manager 5-58 Hypervisor 5-58 Storage Area Networking 5-58 Cisco UCS C-Series Rack-Mount Servers 5-58 Design Considerations for Running Virtual Unified Communications Applications on B-Series Blade Servers 5-59 Blade Server 5-59 Hypervisor 5-59 SAN and Storage Arrays 5-60 Design Considerations for Running Virtual Unified Communications Applications on C-Series Rack-Mount Servers 5-60 Impact of Virtual Servers on Deployment Models 5-61 Design Considerations for Section 508 Conformance5-61

Call Routing and Dial Plan Distribution Using Call Control Discovery for the Service Advertisement Framework 5-62 Services that SAF Can Advertise 5-62 SAF Service IDs 5-63 Deploying SAF CCD Within Your Network 5-63 Comparison of SAF CCD Operation and Standard Unified CM Call Routing 5-67 CCD and Unified CM 5-69 SAF Forwarder Configuration (External SAF Client on Unified CM) 5-70 External SAF Client Instance Creation and Activation within the Unified CM Cluster 5-70 Multiple SAF Forwarders 5-71 Advanced SAF Client Configuration 5-71Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

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SAF CCD Deployment Considerations6

5-84

CHAPTER

IP Telephony Migration Options Coexistence or Migration? Migration Prerequisites6-1 6-1

6-1

Unified Communications Migration Summary of IP Telephony Migration

6-2 6-3

The Need for QSIG in Multisite Enterprises6-4

Centralized Unified Communications Deployment Which Unified Communications Service First?26-5

6-4

PART

Unified Communications Call Routing7

CHAPTER

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Call Routing Architecture7-3 7-4 7-5

7-1


CHAPTER

Call Processing

8-1 8-2


Call Processing Architecture 8-3 Call Processing Hardware 8-5 Unified CM Cluster Services 8-7 Cluster Server Nodes 8-8 Intracluster Communications 8-10 Intracluster Security 8-12 Voice Activity Detection 8-12 General Clustering Guidelines 8-13 High Availability for Call Processing 8-14 Hardware Platform High Availability 8-14 Network Connectivity High Availability 8-14 Unified CM High Availability 8-16 Call Processing Redundancy 8-16 Call Processing Subscriber Redundancy 8-18 TFTP Redundancy 8-21 CTI Manager Redundancy 8-22 UCS Call Processing Redundancy 8-22 Unified CMBE High Availability 8-23Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND OL-21733-12

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Contents

Capacity Planning for Call Processing 8-24 Unified CME Capacity Planning 8-24 Unified CM Capacity Planning 8-25 Unified CM Capacity Planning with UCS Platforms 8-25 Unified CM Capacity Planning Guidelines and Endpoint Limits 8-26 Unified CM Support for Locations and Regions 8-27 Unified CM Support for Gateways and Trunks 8-28 Capacity Calculations 8-28 Unified CMBE Capacity Planning 8-28 Unified CMBE Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCA) 8-29 Unified CMBE Device Calculations 8-29 Unified CMBE 5000 Contact Center Integration Sizing Example 8-31 Design Considerations for Call Processing8-33

Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) 8-35 CTI Architecture 8-36 CTI Applications and Clustering Over the WAN 8-37 Capacity Planning for CTI 8-39 CTI Connection Limits 8-39 CTI Associated Controlled Device Limits 8-40 Determining CTI Resources Required for a Unified CM Cluster High Availability for CTI 8-42 CTI Manager 8-42 Redundancy, Failover, and Load Balancing 8-42 Implementation 8-45 Gatekeeper Design Considerations 8-45 Hardware Platform Selection 8-46 Gatekeeper Redundancy 8-46 Gatekeeper Clustering (Alternate Gatekeeper) Directory Gatekeeper Redundancy 8-49

8-41

8-46

Interoperability of Unified CM and Unified CM Express 8-52 Overview of Interoperability Between Unified CM and Unified CME 8-53 Call Types and Call Flows 8-53 Music on Hold 8-53 Ad Hoc and Meet Me Hardware Conferencing 8-53 Unified CM and Unified CME Interoperability via SIP in a Multisite Deployment with Distributed Call Processing 8-54 Best Practices 8-54 Design Considerations 8-55 Unified CM and Unified CME Interoperability via H.323 in a Multisite Deployment with Distributed Call Processing 8-57Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

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Contents

Best Practices 8-58 Design Considerations9

8-59

CHAPTER

Dial Plan

9-1 9-2

What's New in This Chapter Dial Plan Architecture9-3

High Availability for Dial Plans Capacity Planning for Dial Plans

9-4 9-4

Planning Considerations 9-4 Dialed Pattern Recognition 9-5 Grouping by Dialing Habits 9-6 On-Net versus Off-Net Dialing 9-6 Abbreviated Dialing 9-6 Avoiding Overlap of Extension Dialing 9-7 Dialing String Length 9-7 Uniform On-Net Dial Plan 9-7 Variable Length On-Net Dial Plan 9-9 On-Net and Off-Net Access Codes 9-10 Plan Ahead 9-10 Design Considerations 9-11 Globalized Design Approach 9-11 Local Route Group 9-12 Support for + Dialing 9-12 Calling Party Number Transformations 9-13 Called Party Number Transformations 9-13 Incoming Calling Party Settings (per Gateway) 9-14 Logical Partitioning 9-15 Localized Call Ingress 9-15 Globalized Call Routing 9-19 Localized Call Egressl 9-19 Benefits of the New Design Approach 9-21 Call Control Discovery 9-22 SAF CCD Design Considerations 9-23 Dial Plan Considerations for the Intercompany Media Engine Design Guidelines for Multisite Deployments 9-34 Choosing a Dial Plan Approach 9-37 Deploying Uniform On-Net Dial Plans 9-39 Inter-Site Calls Within a Cluster 9-41 Outgoing PSTN and IP WAN Calls 9-41

9-32


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Contents

Emergency Calls 9-41 Incoming Calls 9-41 Voicemail Calls 9-41 Deploying Variable-Length On-Net Dial Plans with Flat Addressing 9-42 Inter-Site Calls Within a Cluster 9-44 Outgoing PSTN and IP WAN Calls 9-45 Incoming Calls 9-48 Voicemail Calls 9-48 Special Considerations for Deployments Without Site Codes 9-49 Deploying Dialed Pattern Recognition in SIP Phones 9-51 Building Classes of Service for Unified CM 9-53 Building Classes of Service for Unified CM with the Traditional Approach 9-53 Building Classes of Service for Unified CM with the Line/Device Approach 9-56 Building Classes of Service in Cisco IOS with H.323 9-65 Deploying Call Coverage 9-68 Deploying Call Coverage in a Multisite Centralized Call Processing Model 9-69 Deploying Call Coverage in a Multisite Distributed Call Processing Model 9-70 Hunt Pilot Scalability 9-71 Dial Plan Elements 9-71 User Interface on IP Phones 9-72 Calling Party Transformations on IP Phones 9-72 Support for + Dialing on the Phones 9-73 User Input on SCCP Phones 9-73 User Input on Type-A SIP Phones 9-74 User Input on Type-B SIP Phones 9-76 SIP Dial Rules 9-77 Call Routing in Unified CM 9-80 Support for + Sign in Patterns 9-81 External Routes in Unified CM 9-81 Route Patterns 9-82 Route Lists 9-86 Route Groups 9-86 Calling and Called Party Transformation Patterns 9-86 Incoming Calling Party Settings (per Gateway) 9-88 Route Group Devices 9-89 Local Route Group 9-89 Centralized Gateway with Local Failover to the PSTN 9-91 Calling Privileges in Unified CM 9-92 Partitions 9-93 Calling Search Spaces 9-94Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

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Translation Patterns 9-99 Automated Alternate Routing 9-100 Establish the PSTN Number of the Destination 9-100 Prefix the Required Access Codes 9-101 Voicemail Considerations 9-102 Select the Proper Dial Plan and Route 9-103 Special Considerations for Sites Located Within the Same Local Dialing Area Device Mobility 9-104 Extension Mobility 9-106 Special Considerations for Cisco Unified Mobility 9-107 Immediate Divert (iDivert) 9-112 Hunt Lists and Line Groups 9-113 Hunt Pilot 9-113 Hunt List 9-114 Line Group 9-114 Hunt Group Logout 9-115 Line Group Devices 9-115 Time-of-Day Routing 9-116 Logical Partitioning 9-117 Logical Partitioning Device Types 9-118 Geolocation Creation 9-118 Geolocation Assignment 9-119 Geolocation Filter Creation 9-119 Geolocation Filter Assignment 9-119 Logical Partitioning Policy Configuration 9-119 Logical Partitioning Policy Application 9-120 Call Routing in Cisco IOS with H.323 Dial Peers 9-120 Call Routing in Cisco IOS with a Gatekeeper 9-123 Centralized Gatekeeper Configuration 9-127 Distributed Gatekeeper Configuration 9-129 Distributed Gatekeeper Configuration with Directory Gatekeeper 9-130 Calling Privileges in Cisco IOS with H.323 Dial Peers 9-132 Digit Manipulation in Cisco IOS with H.323 Dial Peers 9-134 Service Advertisement Framework (SAF) Call Control Discovery (CCD) 9-136 SAF Forwarders 9-136 Requesting Service 9-137 Dial Plan Considerations for Unified CMBE 30009-138

9-103


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Contents

CHAPTER

10

Emergency Services

10-1 10-2


911 Emergency Services Architecture 10-2 Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) 10-2 Selective Router 10-3 Automatic Location Identifier Database 10-3 Private Switch ALI 10-3 911 Network Service Provider 10-3 Interface Points into the Appropriate 911 Networks Interface Type 10-5 Dynamic ANI (Trunk Connection) 10-5 Static ANI (Line Connection) 10-7 Cisco Emergency Responder10-7 10-9 10-9

10-4

High Availability for Emergency Services Capacity Planning for Cisco ER Clustering

Design Considerations for 911 Emergency Services 10-10 Emergency Response Location Mapping 10-10 Emergency Location Identification Number Mapping 10-11 Dial Plan Considerations 10-12 Gateway Considerations 10-13 Gateway Placement 10-13 Gateway Blocking 10-14 Answer Supervision 10-14 Cisco Emergency Responder Design Considerations 10-15 Device Mobility Across Call Admission Control Locations 10-15 Default Emergency Response Location 10-15 Cisco Emergency Responder and Extension Mobility 10-15 Soft Clients 10-16 Test Calls 10-16 PSAP Callback to Shared Directory Numbers 10-16 Cisco Emergency Responder Deployment Models 10-17 Single Cisco ER Group 10-17 Multiple Cisco ER Groups 10-19 Emergency Call Routing within a Cisco ER Cluster 10-21 WAN Deployment of Cisco Emergency Responder 10-22 ALI Formats10-22


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CHAPTER

11

Call Admission Control

11-1 11-2


Call Admission Control Principles 11-3 Topology-Unaware Call Admission Control 11-3 Topology-Aware Call Admission Control 11-7 Special Considerations for MPLS Networks 11-11 Call Admission Control Architecture 11-12 Unified CM Static Locations 11-12 Locations and Regions Settings 11-14 Unified CM Support for Locations and Regions Cisco IOS Gatekeeper Zones 11-15

11-14

Unified Communications Architectures Using Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) 11-17 Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) 11-17 RSVP Principles 11-18 RSVP in MPLS Networks 11-21 RSVP and QoS in WAN Routers 11-24 RSVP Application ID 11-28 Cisco IOS Features 11-29 RSVP Design Best Practices 11-33 Bandwidth Provisioning for RSVP 11-34 Calculating RSVP Bandwidth Values for Use with Unified CM 11-34 Configuring Cisco IOS Application ID Support 11-36 Provisioning for Call Control Traffic with RSVP and Centralized Call Processing 11-38 Unified CM RSVP-Enabled Locations 11-38 Cisco RSVP Agent Provisioning 11-40 Cisco RSVP Agent Registration 11-41 RSVP Policy 11-43 Migrating from Static Locations to RSVP Call Admission Control 11-45 RSVP Application ID and Unified CM 11-48 RSVP SIP Preconditions 11-50 Overview of SIP Preconditions 11-50 Unified Communications Manager and RSVP SIP Preconditions 11-52 Unified CM Interoperability and Feature Considerations 11-61 Cisco IOS Gateway and Unified CME 11-61 Service Advertisement Framework (SAF) and Call Control Discovery (CCD) Considerations Cisco Unified SIP Proxy Considerations 11-69 Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Considerations 11-69 Design Considerations for Call Admission Control Simple Hub-and-Spoke Topologies 11-7011-70

11-67


xv

Contents

Centralized Unified CM Deployments 11-71 Distributed Unified CM Deployments 11-72 Two-Tier Hub-and-Spoke Topologies 11-74 Centralized Unified CM Deployments 11-75 Distributed Unified CM Deployments 11-77 Simple MPLS Topologies 11-78 Centralized Unified CM Deployments 11-80 Distributed Unified CM Deployments 11-82 Generic Topologies 11-84 Centralized Unified CM Deployments 11-85 Distributed Mixed Call Processing Deployments

11-90

Call Admission Control Design Recommendations for Unified CM Session Management Edition Deployments 11-94 Session Management Edition Managing the CAC Domain with Locations CAC 11-95 Leaf Clusters Managing the CAC Domain with Locations CAC 11-96 Location-Based Call Admission Control Over Intercluster Trunk 11-99 QSIG Path Replacement Over Intercluster Trunks 11-101 Unified CM Session Management Edition with RSVP Deployments 11-105 Session Management Edition Design with Leaf Clusters without RSVP SIP Precondition Support 11-105 Session Management Edition Design with Leaf Clusters with SIP Precondition Support 11-108 Session Management Edition Design with Mixed Leaf Clusters (with and without SIP Precondition Support) 11-109 Multiple Clusters Sharing a Single Platform for RSVP Agent 11-109 Design Recommendations for Call Admission Control1211-111

CHAPTER

IP Video Telephony

12-1 12-2 12-2


IP Video Telephony Solution Components Administration Considerations 12-3 Protocols 12-3 Endpoints 12-5 Regions 12-5 Topology-Aware Locations 12-8 Retry Video Call as Audio 12-10 Wait for Far-End to Send TCS 12-13 Trunks 12-15

Multipoint Conferencing 12-16 MCU Resources for Ad-Hoc Conferences

12-18


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Contents

Media Resource Groups and Lists 12-19 Intelligent Bridge Selection 12-20 H.323 and SIP MCU Resources 12-21 Sizing the MCU 12-23 IVR for Dial-In Conference 12-24 Gatekeepers 12-25 Endpoint Gatekeepers 12-28 Provisioning H.323 Clients 12-28 Provisioning H.323 MCUs 12-33 Provisioning H.320 Gateways 12-34 Gatekeeper Zone Configuration 12-35 Supported Gatekeeper Platforms 12-40 Summary of Endpoint Gatekeepers 12-40 Applications 12-41 CTI Applications 12-42 Cisco Emergency Responder 12-42 Cisco Unified Communications Manager Assistant 12-42 Cisco Unified IP Interactive Voice Response and Cisco Unified Contact Center Cisco Unified Enterprise Attendant Console 12-43 Cisco IP Communicator 12-43 Collaboration Solutions 12-44 T.120 Application Sharing 12-44 Cisco Unified MeetingPlace 12-44 Wireless Networking Solutions 12-44 Cisco Unified Wireless IP Phones 7925G and 7921G 12-44 XML Services 12-4413

12-43

CHAPTER

Gateways

13-1 13-1


Traffic Patterns and Gateway Sizing 13-2 Definitions and Terminology 13-2 PSTN Traffic Patterns 13-3 Normal Business Traffic Profile 13-3 Contact Center Traffic Profile 13-3 Gateway Sizing for Contact Center Traffic 13-4 Voice Activity Detection (VAD) 13-4 Codec 13-5 Performance Overload 13-5 Performance Tuning 13-5Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND OL-21733-12

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Contents

Additional Information

13-6 13-7

Considerations for Gateway Redundancy TDM and VoIP Trunking Gateways13-7

Understanding Cisco Gateways 13-8 Cisco Access Analog Gateways 13-8 Cisco Access Digital Trunk Gateways 13-8 Tuning Gateway Gain Settings 13-8 Gateway Selection 13-9 Core Feature Requirements 13-9 Gateway Protocols 13-10 Gateway Protocols and Core Feature Requirements DTMF Relay 13-10 Supplementary Services 13-12 Unified CM Redundancy 13-15 Site-Specific Gateway Requirements 13-17

13-10

Fax and Modem Support 13-19 Gateway Support for Fax Passthrough and Fax Relay 13-19 Best Practices 13-21 Super Group 3 Fax Support 13-22 Gateway Support for Modem Passthrough and Modem Relay Best Practices 13-24 V.90 Support 13-25 Supported Platforms and Features 13-25 Platform Protocol Support 13-25 Gateway Configuration Examples 13-26 Gateways for Video Telephony 13-27 Routing Inbound Calls from the PSTN 13-29 Routing Outbound Calls to the PSTN 13-31 Automated Alternate Routing (AAR) 13-32 Least-Cost Routing 13-33 ISDN B-Channel Binding, Rollover, and Busy Out 13-34 Inbound Calls 13-35 Outbound Calls 13-36 Configuring the Gateways in Unified CM 13-36 Call Signaling Port Numbers 13-36 Call Signaling Timers 13-37 Bearer Capabilities of Voice Gateways 13-37

13-23


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CHAPTER

14

Cisco Unified CM Trunks

14-1 14-2 14-2 14-3


Unified CM Trunks Solution Architecture A Comparison of SIP and H.323 Trunks

SIP Trunks Overview 14-6 General Deployment Considerations 14-7 SIP Trunk Features and Operation 14-7 SIP Trunks Can Run on All Active Unified CM Nodes 14-7 Up to 16 SIP Trunk Destination IP Addresses 14-7 SIP OPTIONS Ping 14-8 SIP Early Offer Support over Unified CM SIP Trunks 14-8 QSIG over SIP Trunks 14-11 SIP Trunk Message Normalization and Transparency 14-11 Route Lists Run on All Active Unified CM Nodes 14-15 SIP Trunks Using DNS 14-16 High Availability for SIP Trunks 14-18 Multiple Source Unified CM Servers for Originating SIP Trunk Calls 14-18 Multiple Destination IP Addresses per SIP Trunk 14-19 Design Considerations When Using Run on All Active Unified CM Nodes 14-19 Multiple SIP Trunks Using Route Lists and Route Groups 14-19 SIP OPTIONS Ping 14-19 Load Balancing for SIP Trunks 14-19 Outbound Calls over a Single SIP Trunk 14-20 Outbound Calls over Multiple SIP Trunks 14-20 SIP OPTIONS Ping 14-20 SIP Delayed Offer and Early Offer 14-20 Media Termination Points 14-21 DTMF Transport 14-23 SIP Trunk Transport Protocols 14-24 Secure SIP Trunks 14-24 Media Encryption 14-24 Signaling Encryption 14-24 Calling Party Number Transformation and SIP Trunks 14-26 SIP Trunk Service Types 14-27 Design Considerations for SIP Trunks 14-27 Considerations for SIP Intercluster Trunks 14-27 Using Standard Unified CM Groups with SIP Intercluster Trunks 14-27 Using Run on All Active Unified CM Nodes with SIP Intercluster Trunks 14-28


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Contents

Using Standard Unified CM Groups and Run on All Active Unified CM Nodes with SIP Intercluster Trunks 14-29 Trunk Type and Feature Recommendations for Multi-Cluster Deployments 14-31 Multiple Clusters All Running Unified CM 8.5 or Later Releases 14-31 Multiple Clusters Running Unified CM 8.5 and Prior Releases 14-32 Trunk Design Considerations for Clustering over the WAN 14-33 Design Guidance for Clustering over the WAN with Leaf Cluster Trunks 14-34 Design Guidance for Clustering over the WAN with Unified CM Session Management Edition Cluster Trunks 14-35 Other SIP Trunk Deployment Considerations 14-36 H.323 Trunks Overview 14-36 General H.323 Intercluster Trunk Deployment Considerations 14-37 Basic Operation of H.323 Trunks 14-37 H.323 Trunk Types 14-37 Intercluster Trunk (Non-Gatekeeper Controlled) 14-38 Intercluster Trunk (Gatekeeper Controlled) 14-44 H.225 Trunk (Gatekeeper Controlled) 14-45 High Availability for Gatekeeper Controlled Trunks 14-45 Load Balancing Outbound Calls over H.323 Gatekeeper Controlled Trunks H.323 Outbound Fast Start Call Connections 14-49 H.323 Trunks with Media Termination Points 14-50 DTMF Transport 14-50 H.323 Trunk Transport Protocols 14-50 Secure H.323 Trunks 14-50 H.323 Operation in Unified CM 14-51 Other Design Considerations for H.323 Trunks 14-55 General SIP and H.323 Trunk Design Considerations 14-55 Deterministic Outbound Call Load Balancing over Unified CM Trunks Codec Selection Over IP Trunks 14-56 Other MTP Uses 14-57 Cisco Unified CM Trunks and Emergency Services Capacity Planning for Unified CM IP Trunks Cisco Unified Border Element14-58 14-58 14-58 14-57 14-55

14-48

IP PSTN and IP Trunks to Service Provider Networks Trunk Aggregation Platforms 14-59 Unified CM Session Management Edition Cisco Unified SIP Proxy 14-61 Trunk IP-PSTN Connection Models14-62

14-59


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PART

3

Unified Communications Call Control15

CHAPTER

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Call Control Architecture15-2 15-3 15-4

15-1


CHAPTER

LDAP Directory Integration What's New in This Chapter

16-1 16-2 16-2 16-3

What is Directory Integration?

Directory Access for Unified Communications Endpoints

Directory Integration with Unified CM 16-5 Cisco Unified Communications Directory Architecture 16-7 LDAP Synchronization 16-10 Synchronization Mechanism 16-13 Security Considerations 16-15 Design Considerations for LDAP Synchronization 16-16 Additional Considerations for Microsoft Active Directory 16-16 Unified CM Multi-Forest LDAP Synchronization 16-18 LDAP Authentication 16-19 Design Considerations for LDAP Authentication 16-21 Additional Considerations for Microsoft Active Directory 16-21 User Filtering for Directory Synchronization and Authentication 16-23 Optimizing Unified CM Database Synchronization 16-24 Using the LDAP Structure to Control Synchronization 16-24 LDAP Query 16-25 LDAP Query Filter Syntax and Server-Side Filtering 16-25 High Availability 16-27 Capacity Planning for Unified CM Database Synchronization 16-2717

CHAPTER

Media Resources

17-1 17-2


Media Resources Architecture 17-2 Media Resource Manager 17-2 Cisco IP Voice Media Streaming Application 17-4 Music on Hold as a Media Resource 17-4 Voice Termination 17-5 Medium and High Complexity Mode 17-5


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Contents

Flex Mode

17-5

Conferencing 17-6 Audio Conferencing 17-6 Video Conferencing 17-9 Secure Conferencing 17-10 Transcoding 17-11 Transcoding Resources17-12

Media Termination Point (MTP) 17-14 Re-Packetization of a Stream 17-14 DTMF Conversion 17-14 DTMF Relay Between Endpoints 17-15 SIP Trunk 17-16 SIP Early Offer 17-16 DTMF Relay over SIP Trunks 17-16 SIP Trunk MTP Requirements 17-17 Configuration of DTMF Relay on SIP Gateways and Cisco Unified Border Element 17-18 H.323 Trunks and Gateways 17-18 H.323 Supplementary Services 17-18 H.323 Outbound Fast Connect 17-18 DTMF Relay over H.323 Trunks 17-19 Configuration of DTMF Relay on H.323 Gateways and Cisco Unified Border Element 17-19 CTI Route Points 17-19 MTP Usage with a Conference Bridge 17-20 MTP Resources 17-20 Trusted Relay Point Annunciator17-21 17-23 17-21

Cisco RSVP Agent

Music on Hold 17-23 Unicast and Multicast MoH 17-23 MoH Selection Process 17-25 User and Network Hold 17-26 MoH Sources 17-27 Audio File 17-27 Fixed Source 17-28 Configuration Settings for MoH Selection

17-28

Capacity Planning for Media Resources 17-29 Cisco 2900 and 3900 Series Platforms 17-30 Cisco 2800 and 3800 Series Platforms 17-31 Capacity Planning for Music On HoldCisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

17-32

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Co-resident and Standalone MoH Server Platform Limits 17-33 Resource Provisioning 17-34

17-32

High Availability for Media Resources 17-35 Media Resource Groups and Lists 17-35 Redundancy and Failover Considerations for Cisco IOS-Based Media Resources High Availability for Music On Hold 17-36 Design Considerations for Media Resources 17-37 Deployment Models 17-37 Single-Site Deployments 17-37 Multisite WAN Deployments with Centralized Call Processing 17-37 Multisite WAN Deployments with Distributed Call Processing 17-38 Media Functions and Voice Quality 17-39 Music on Hold Design Considerations 17-40 Codec Selection 17-40 Multicast Addressing 17-40 MoH Audio Sources 17-41 Using Multiple Fixed (Live) Audio Sources 17-41 Unicast and Multicast in the Same Unified CM Cluster 17-42 Quality of Service (QoS) 17-43 Call Admission Control and MoH 17-43 Deployment Models for Music on Hold 17-45 Single-Site Campus (Relevant to All Deployments) 17-45 Centralized Multisite Deployments 17-45 Distributed Multisite Deployments 17-48 Clustering Over the WAN 17-49 Detailed Unicast and Multicast MoH Call Flows 17-49 SCCP Call Flows 17-49 SCCP Multicast Call Flow 17-49 SIP Call Flows 17-5218

17-36

CHAPTER

Unified Communications Endpoints What's New in This Chapter18-2

18-1

Unified Communications Endpoints Architecture

18-2

Analog Gateways 18-3 Analog Interface Module 18-3 Low-Density Analog Interface Module 18-3 High-Density Analog Interface Module 18-4 Supported Platforms and Cisco IOS Requirements for Analog Interface ModulesCisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND OL-21733-12

18-5

xxiii

Contents

Cisco Communication Media Module (CMM) 18-6 WS-X6624-FXS Analog Interface Module 18-6 Cisco VG202 and VG204 Gateways 18-6 Cisco VG224 Gateway 18-7 Cisco VG248 Gateway 18-7 Cisco ATA 186 and 188 18-7 Cisco Unified IP Phones 18-8 Cisco Basic IP Phones 18-8 Cisco Unified SIP Phone 3911 18-8 Cisco Unified IP Phone 6901 18-8 Cisco Unified IP Phone 6911 18-8 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7902G 18-8 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7905G 18-8 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7906G 18-9 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7910G and 7910G+SW Cisco Unified IP Phone 7911G 18-9 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7912G 18-9 Cisco Business IP Phones 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 6921 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 6961 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7931G 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7940G 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7941G 18-10 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7941G-GE 18-11 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7942G 18-11 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7945G 18-11 Cisco Manager IP Phones 18-11 Cisco Unified IP Phone 6941 18-11 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7960G 18-12 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G 18-12 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7961G-GE 18-12 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7962G 18-12 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7965G 18-13 Cisco Unified IP Phone 8961 18-13 Cisco Executive IP Phones 18-13 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970G 18-13 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7971G-GE 18-13 Cisco Unified IP Phone 7975G 18-14 Cisco Unified IP Phone 9951 18-14 Cisco Unified IP Phone 9971 18-14Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

18-9

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Contents

Cisco Unified IP Phone Expansion Modules 7914, 7915, and 7916 18-14 Deployment Considerations for Cisco Unified IP Phones 6921, 6941, and 6961 Deployment Considerations for Cisco Unified IP Phones 8900 and 9900 Series Firmware Upgrades 18-16 Network Connectivity Through a Wireless Interface 18-17 Power Over Ethernet 18-17 Applications 18-17 Support on SRST, Unified CME, and Unified CME as SRST 18-18 Support for Video 18-18 Software-Based Endpoints 18-19 Cisco Unified Personal Communicator 18-19 Cisco IP Communicator 18-19 Cisco Unified Client Services Framework 18-20 Softphone Mode of Operation 18-20 Deskphone Control Mode of Operation 18-20 Video Design Considerations 18-21 Wireless Endpoints 18-21 Site Survey 18-21 Authentication 18-22 Capacity 18-23 Phone Configuration 18-24 Roaming 18-25 AP Call Admission Control 18-26 Bluetooth Support 18-26 Cisco Unified IP Conference Station18-27

18-15 18-15

Video Endpoints 18-27 Cisco Unified Video Advantage 18-28 Cisco IP Video Phone 7985G 18-31 Cisco Unified IP Phones 9971 and 9951 18-31 Cisco E20 Video Phone 18-31 Codecs Supported by Cisco Unified Video Advantage, Cisco IP Video Phone 7985G, Cisco Unified IP Phones 9971 and 9951, and Cisco E20 Video Phone 18-32 Third-Party SCCP Video Endpoints 18-33 Third-Party SIP IP Phones18-33

QoS Recommendations 18-34 Cisco VG224 and VG248 18-34 Cisco ATA 186 and IP Conference Station Cisco ATA 188 and IP Phones 18-35 Software-Based Endpoints 18-39

18-35


xxv

Contents

Cisco Unified Wireless IP Phones 18-42 Video Telephony Endpoints 18-43 Cisco Unified Video Advantage with a Cisco Unified IP Phone Cisco IP Video Phone 7985G 18-45 Sony and Tandberg SCCP Endpoints 18-46 H.323 and SIP Video Endpoints 18-47 High Availability for Unified Communications Endpoints Capacity Planning for Unified Communications Endpoints Endpoint Features Summary1918-51 18-49 18-50 18-50

18-43

Design Considerations for Unified Communications Endpoints

CHAPTER

Cisco Unified CM Applications What's New in This Chapter

19-1 19-2

IP Phone Services 19-2 IP Phone Services Architecture 19-2 High Availability for IP Phone Services 19-5 Capacity Planning for IP Phone Services 19-7 Design Considerations for IP Phone Services 19-7 Extension Mobility 19-7 Unified CM Services for Extension Mobility 19-8 Extension Mobility Architecture 19-8 Extension Mobility Cross Cluster (EMCC) 19-9 Call Processing 19-10 Media Resources 19-13 Extension Mobility Security 19-13 High Availability for Extension Mobility 19-14 Capacity Planning for Extension Mobility 19-16 Design Considerations for Extension Mobility 19-17 Design Considerations for Extension Mobility Cross Cluster (EMCC) Unified CM Assistant 19-19 Unified CM Assistant Architecture 19-19 Unified CM Assistant Proxy Line Mode 19-19 Unified CM Assistant Share Lined Mode 19-20 Unified CM Assistant Architecture 19-21 High Availability for Unified CM Assistant 19-23 Service and Component Redundancy 19-23 Device and Reachability Redundancy 19-24 Capacity Planning for Unified CM Assistant 19-25 Design Considerations for Unified CM Assistant 19-27Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

19-17

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Contents

Unified CM Assistant Extension Mobility Considerations 19-27 Unified CM Assistant Dial Plan Considerations 19-27 Unified CM Assistant Console 19-31 Unified CM Assistant Console Installation 19-31 Unified CM Assistant Desktop Console QoS 19-31 Unified CM Assistant Console Directory Window 19-31 Unified CM Assistant Phone Console QoS 19-32 WebDialer 19-32 WebDialer Architecture 19-33 WebDialer Servlet 19-33 Redirector Servlet 19-34 WebDialer Architecture 19-37 WebDialer URLs 19-38 High Availability for WebDialer 19-39 Service and Component Redundancy 19-40 Device and Reachability Redundancy 19-40 Capacity Planning for WebDialer 19-40 Design Considerations for WebDialer 19-41 Attendant Consoles 19-42 Attendant Console Architecture 19-43 High Availability for Attendant Consoles 19-45 Capacity Planning for Attendant Consoles 19-45 Design Considerations for Attendant Consoles 19-464

PART

Unified Communications Applications and Services20

CHAPTER

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Applications and Services Architecture20-3 20-4 20-5

20-1


CHAPTER

Cisco Voice Messaging

21-1 21-2 21-2

What's New in This Chapter Voice Messaging Portfolio

Messaging Deployment Models 21-5 Single-Site Messaging 21-6 Centralized Messaging 21-6 Distributed Messaging 21-6


xxvii

Contents

Messaging and Unified CM Deployment Model Combinations 21-7 Cisco Unity and Unity Connection Messaging and Unified CM Deployment Models Centralized Messaging and Centralized Call Processing 21-8 Distributed Messaging with Centralized Call Processing 21-11 Combined Messaging Deployment Models 21-14 Centralized Messaging with Clustering Over the WAN 21-15 Distributed Messaging with Clustering Over the WAN 21-17 Messaging Redundancy 21-18 Cisco Unity 21-18 Cisco Unity Connection 21-19 Cisco Unity Failover and Clustering Over the WAN 21-19 Cisco Unity Failover Deployed Over a Split Data Center 21-20 Cisco Unity Connection Redundancy and Clustering Over the WAN 21-22 Centralized Messaging with Distributed Unified CM Clusters 21-23 Cisco Unity Express Deployment Models 21-24 Overview of Cisco Unity Express 21-24 Deployment Models 21-24 Voicemail Networking 21-30 Cisco Unity Express Voicemail Networking 21-30 Voicemail Networking with Cisco Unified Messaging Gateway 21-30 Voicemail Interoperability 21-31 Cisco Unity and Cisco Unity Connection Interoperability 21-32 Cisco Unity Connection and Cisco Unity Connection Interoperability Cisco Unity and Unity Connection Virtualization 21-33

21-8

21-32

Best Practices for Voice Messaging 21-34 Best Practices for Deploying Cisco Unity and Cisco Unity Connection with Unified CM Managing Bandwidth 21-34 Native Transcoding Operation 21-35 Cisco Unity Operation 21-36 Disabling Native Transcoding in Cisco Unity 21-36 Cisco Unity Connection Operation 21-36 Integration with Unified CM 21-38 IPv6 Support with Cisco Unity Connection 21-44 Single Inbox with Cisco Unity Connection 21-44 Best Practices for Deploying Cisco Unity Express 21-45 Voicemail Integration with Unified CM 21-45 Cisco Unity Express Codec and DTMF Support 21-46 JTAPI, SIP Trunk and SIP Phone Support 21-46 Third-Party Voicemail Design21-47

21-34


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Contents

CHAPTER

22

Cisco Collaborative Conferencing What's New in This Chapter22-2

22-1

Collaborative Conferencing Architecture Cisco WebEx Software as a Service 22-4 Architecture 22-5 High Availability 22-9 Capacity Planning 22-9 Network Traffic Planning 22-10 Design Considerations 22-12

22-2

Cisco Unified MeetingPlace 22-13 Unified MeetingPlace Architecture 22-14 Unified MeetingPlace Meeting Director Server 22-14 Unified MeetingPlace Application Server (Conferencing Node) 22-14 Media Server 22-15 WebEx Node for MCS or ASR (Optional Component) 22-16 WebEx Site 22-17 User Based Licensing 22-18 Scheduling Interface 22-19 Cisco Unified Communications Manager 22-29 Recording 22-30 Other Architectural Considerations 22-30 Deployment Options 22-31 Single-Site Unified MeetingPlace Scheduling Deployment 22-31 High Availability 22-32 Capacity Planning 22-35 Design Considerations 22-41 Cisco Unified Videoconferencing 22-42 Architecture 22-43 High Availability 22-46 Cisco Unified Videoconferencing Manager 22-46 MCU 22-47 Cisco Unified Videoconferencing Desktop Server 22-47 Cisco Unified Videoconferencing Recording Server 22-48 Capacity Planning 22-48 Design Considerations 22-4823

CHAPTER

Cisco Unified Presence Presence23-3

23-1 23-2



xxix

Contents

Cisco Unified Presence Components Cisco Unified Presence User 23-4

23-3

Unified CM Presence 23-5 Unified CM Presence with SIP 23-5 Unified CM Presence with SCCP 23-7 Unified CM Speed Dial Presence 23-7 Unified CM Call History Presence 23-8 Unified CM Presence Policy 23-8 Unified CM Subscribe Calling Search Space Unified CM Presence Groups 23-8 Unified CM Presence Guidelines 23-9

23-8

Cisco Unified Presence Architecture 23-9 Cisco Unified Presence Cluster 23-10 Cisco Unified Presence Server High Availability 23-13 Cisco Unified Presence Deployment Models 23-14 Cisco Unified Presence Deployment Examples 23-15 Cisco Unified Presence Deployment for Instant Messaging Only Cisco Unified Presence Server Performance 23-17 Cisco Unified Presence Licensing 23-18 Cisco Unified Presence Deployment 23-18 Single-Cluster Deployment 23-18 Multi-Cluster Deployment 23-21 Clustering Over the WAN 23-22 Federated Deployment 23-23 Instant Messaging Only Deployment 23-27 Cisco Unified Presence Migration 23-28 Cisco Unified Presence Server Policy 23-28 Cisco Unified Presence Enterprise Instant Messaging 23-29 Cisco Unified Presence Message Archiving and Compliance Instant Messaging Storage Requirements 23-31 Cisco Unified Presence Calendar Integration 23-32 Outlook Web Access Calendar Integration 23-33 Exchange Web Services Calendar Integration 23-35 Cisco Unified Presence Mobility Integration 23-36 Cisco Unified Presence Third-Party Open API 23-38 Design Considerations for Cisco Unified Presence 23-40 Third-Party Presence Server Integration 23-41 Microsoft Communications Server 23-41 IBM Lotus Sametime 23-4323-30

23-17


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OL-21733-12

Contents

CHAPTER

24

Cisco Collaboration Clients and Applications What's New in This Chapter24-2

24-1

Cisco Unified Client Services Framework Architecture 24-2 Contact Management 24-3 Directory 24-4 Client Services Framework Cache 24-4 Directory Search 24-4 Call Control 24-5 Softphone Mode (Audio on Computer) 24-5 Deskphone Control Mode (Using Deskphone for Audio) 24-5 Media 24-5 Dial Plan 24-6 Application Dialing Rules 24-7 Directory Lookup Rules 24-7 Translation Patterns 24-7 Client Transformation 24-7 Deploying Client Services Framework 24-8 Capacity Planning for Client Services Framework 24-8 High Availability for Client Services Framework 24-8 Design Considerations for Client Services Framework 24-9 Cisco Unified Personal Communicator Architecture 24-9 Deploying Cisco Unified Personal Communicator 24-11 Capacity Planning for Cisco Unified Personal Communicator 24-11 High Availability for Cisco Unified Personal Communicator 24-13 Design Considerations for Cisco Unified Personal Communicator 24-15 Cisco WebEx Connect Architecture 24-16 Deploying Cisco WebEx Connect 24-16 Centralized Management 24-17 Single Sign On 24-17 Cisco Unified Communications Integration 24-18 Security 24-20 Firewall Domain White List 24-21 Logging Instant Messages 24-21 Capacity Planning for Cisco WebEx Connect 24-21 High Availability for Cisco WebEx Connect 24-22 High Availability 24-22 Redundancy, Failover, and Disaster Recovery 24-22 Design Considerations for Cisco WebEx Connect 24-23 One Unified CM Integration per Managed Connect Domain

24-23


xxxi

Contents

Unified CM CTI Manager 24-23 Third-Party XMPP Clients Connecting to Cisco WebEx Connect Platform 24-23 Instant Message and Presence Federation Using Third-Party XMPP Clients 24-24 Cisco UC IntegrationTM for Microsoft Lync Architecture 24-25 Deploying Cisco UC IntegrationTM for Microsoft Lync 24-26 Configuration Settings 24-26 Software Installation 24-26 Capacity Planning for Cisco UC IntegrationTM for Microsoft Lync 24-27 High Availability for Cisco UC IntegrationTM for Microsoft Lync 24-27 Design Considerations for Cisco UC IntegrationTM for Microsoft Lync 24-27 Cisco IP Phone Messenger Application Architecture 24-28 High Availability for Cisco IP Phone Messenger 24-30 Capacity Planning for Cisco IP Phone Messenger 24-31 Other Resources and Documentation2524-32

CHAPTER

Mobile Unified Communications What's New in This Chapter

25-1

25-3

Mobility Within the Enterprise 25-5 Campus Enterprise Mobility 25-5 Campus Enterprise Mobility Architecture 25-5 Types of Campus Mobility 25-6 Physical Wired Device Moves 25-6 Wireless Device Roaming 25-6 Extension Mobility (EM) 25-9 Campus Enterprise Mobility High Availability 25-9 Capacity Planning for Campus Enterprise Mobility 25-10 Design Considerations for Campus Enterprise Mobility 25-11 Multisite Enterprise Mobility 25-12 Multisite Enterprise Mobility Architecture 25-12 Types of Multisite Enterprise Mobility 25-14 Physical Wired Device Moves 25-14 Wireless Device Roaming 25-14 Extension Mobility (EM) 25-15 Device Mobility 25-15 Multisite Enterprise Mobility High Availability 25-29 Capacity Planning for Multisite Enterprise Mobility 25-29 Design Considerations for Multisite Enterprise Mobility 25-30 Remote Enterprise Mobility 25-31 Remote Enterprise Mobility ArchitectureCisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND

25-31

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Contents

Types of Remote Enterprise Mobility 25-32 Client-Based Secure Remote Connectivity 25-33 Router-Based Secure Remote Connectivity 25-33 Device Mobility and VPN-Based Remote Enterprise Connectivity Remote Enterprise Mobility High Availability 25-34 Capacity Planning for Remote Enterprise Mobility 25-35 Design Considerations for Remote Enterprise Mobility 25-35

25-33

Mobility Beyond the Enterprise 25-35 Cisco Unified Mobility 25-37 Mobile Connect 25-39 Mobile Connect Functionality 25-39 Mobile Connect Architecture 25-47 High Availability for Mobile Connect 25-47 Mobile Voice Access and Enterprise Feature Access 25-48 Mobile Voice Access IVR VoiceXML Gateway URL 25-49 Mobile Voice Access Functionality 25-49 Enterprise Feature Access with Two-Stage Dialing Functionality 25-52 Mobile Voice Access and Enterprise Feature Access Architecture 25-55 High Availability for Mobile Voice Access and Enterprise Feature Access 25-56 Designing Cisco Unified Mobility Deployments 25-56 Dial Plan Considerations for Cisco Unified Mobility 25-56 Guidelines and Restrictions for Unified Mobility 25-60 Capacity Planning for Cisco Unified Mobility 25-61 Design Considerations for Cisco Unified Mobility 25-63 Dual-Mode Phones and Clients 25-64 Dual-Mode Phone Architecture 25-65 High Availability for Dual-Mode Phones 25-80 Capacity Planning for Dual-Mode Phones 25-81 Design Considerations for Dual-Mode Phones 25-82 Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator 25-83 Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator Phone Support and Data Plan Requirements Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator Architecture 25-86 Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator Features and Functionality 25-88 High Availability for Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator 25-95 Capacity Planning for Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator 25-96 Design Considerations for Cisco Unified Mobile Communicator 25-97 Direct Connect Mobile Clients 25-98 Direct Connect Mobile Client Architecture 25-99 Direct Connect Mobile Client Features and Functions 25-101 High Availability for Direct Connect Mobile Clients 25-108Cisco Unified Communications System 8.x SRND OL-21733-12

25-84

xxxiii

Contents

Capacity Planning for Direct Connect Mobile Clients 25-109 Design Considerations for Direct Connect Mobile Clients 25-11026

CHAPTER

Cisco Unified Contact Center What's New in This Chapter

26-1 26-2

Cisco Contact Center Architecture 26-2 Cisco Unified Contact Center Enterprise 26-2 Cisco Unified Customer Voice Portal 26-3 Cisco Unified Contact Center Express 26-4 Cisco Unified Expert Advisor 26-4 Administration and Management 26-5 Reporting 26-5 Multichannel Support 26-5 Recording and Silent Monitoring 26-6 Cisco MediaSense 26-6 Contact Center Deployment Models 26-6 Single-Site Contact Center 26-6 Multisite Contact Center with Centralized Call Processing Multisite Contact Center with Distributed Call Processing Clustering Over the IP WAN 26-10 Design Considerations for Contact Center Deployments 26-11 High Availability for Contact Centers 26-11 Bandwidth, Latency, and QoS Considerations 26-12 Bandwidth Provisioning 26-12 Latency 26-13 QoS 26-13 Call Admission Control 26-13 Integration with Unified CM 26-13 Other Design Considerations for Contact Centers 26-14 Capacity Planning for Contact Centers Network Management Tools526-16 26-15

26-7 26-8

PART

Unified Communications Operations and Serviceability27

CHAPTER

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Operations and Serviceability Architecture27-2 27-3 27-3

27-1

High Availability Capacity Planning


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Contents

CHAPTER

28

Network Management

28-1 28-2 28-3


Network Infrastructure Requirements for Cisco Unified Network Management Applications Cisco Unified Operations Manager 28-3 Cisco Unified Operations Manager Design Considerations 28-4 Failover and Redundancy 28-5 Ports and Protocols 28-6 Bandwidth Requirements 28-7 Cisco Unified Operations Manager Server Performance 28-7 Cisco Unified Service Monitor 28-7 Voice Quality Measurement 28-8 Cisco 1040 Sensor Voice Quality Monitoring 28-8 Strategic vs. Tactical Monitoring 28-9 Design Considerations for the Cisco 1040 Sensor 28-9 Unified CM Voice Quality Monitoring 28-9 Cisco Network Analysis Module (NAM) 28-10 Trunk Utilization 28-10 Failover and Redundancy 28-11 Unified SM Server Performance 28-11 Ports and Protocol 28-12 Comparison of Voice Quality Monitoring Methods 28-12 Cisco Unified Service Statistics Manager 28-13 Integration with Unified OM and Unified SM Unified SSM Server Performance 28-14 Ports and Protocol 28-1528-13

Cisco Unified Provisioning Manager 28-15 Unified PM Concepts 28-16 Best Practices 28-17 Unified PM Design Considerations 28-18 Integration with Cisco Unified Operations Manager 28-19 Redundancy and Failover 28-19 Cisco Unified Provisioning Manager Server Performance 28-19 Ports and Protocol 28-20 Additional Tools 28-20 Cisco Unified Analysis Manager Cisco Unified Reporting 28-2128-20

Integration with Cisco Unified Communications Deployment Models Single Site 28-22 Multisite WAN with Centralized Call Processing 28-24

28-22


xxxv

Contents

Multisite WAN with Distributed Call Processing Clustering over the WAN 28-26GLOSSARY

28-25

INDEX


xxxvi

OL-21733-12

PrefaceRevised: October 31, 2011; OL-21733-12

This document provides design considerations and guidelines for deploying Cisco Unified Communications System Release 8.x, including Cisco Unified Communications Manager 8.x and various other components of the Cisco Unified Communications System. This document should be used in conjunction with other documentation available at the following locations:

For other Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) documents: http://www.cisco.com/go/ucsrnd For more information about the Cisco Unified Communications System: http://www.cisco.com/go/unified-techinfo http://www.cisco.com For more information about Cisco Unified Communications Manager: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/voicesw/ps556/tsd_products_support_series_home.html http://www.cisco.com For other Cisco design guides: http://www.cisco.com/go/designzone

New or Changed Information for This ReleaseNote

Unless stated otherwise, the information in this document applies to Release 8.x of the Cisco Unified Communications System and its components. Within each chapter of this guide, new and revised information is listed in a section titled Whats New in This Chapter. Although much of the content in this document is similar to previous releases of the SRND, it has been reorganized extensively to reflect more accurately the architecture of the Cisco Unified Communications System. Cisco recommends that you review this entire document to become familiar with its structure and the system architecture.


xxxvii

Preface

Revision HistoryThis document may be updated at any time without notice. You can obtain the latest version of this document online at: http://www.cisco.com/go/ucsrnd Visit this Cisco.com website periodically and check for documentation updates by comparing the revision date of your copy with the revision date of the online document. The following table lists the revision history for this document. Revision Date October 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 August 31, 2011 July 29, 2011 June 30, 2011 June 2, 2011 March 31, 2011 February 28, 2011 January 31, 2011 November 15, 2010 July 23, 2010 April 2, 2010 Document Part Number OL-21733-12 OL-21733-11 OL-21733-10 OL-21733-09 OL-21733-08 OL-21733-07 OL-21733-06 OL-21733-05 OL-21733-04 OL-21733-03 OL-21733-02 OL-21733-01 Comments Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Updates for Cisco Unified Communications System Release 8.6. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Periodic update of various chapters. For details, in each chapter see Whats New in This Chapter. Updates for Cisco Unified Communications System Release 8.5. Updates for Cisco Unified Communications System Release 8.0(2). Initial version of this document for Cisco Unified Communications System 8.0.

Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service RequestFor information on obtaining documentation, submitting a service request, and gathering additional information, see the monthly Whats New in Cisco Product Documentation, which also lists all new and revised Cisco technical documentation, at: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/whatsnew/whatsnew.html Subscribe to the Whats New in Cisco Product Documentation as a Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feed and set content to be delivered directly to your desktop using a reader application. The RSS feeds are a free service and Cisco currently supports RSS Version 2.0.


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Preface

Cisco Product Security OverviewThis product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply third-party authority to import, export, distribute, or use encryption. Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible for compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately. Further information regarding U.S. export regulations may be found at: http://www.access.gpo.gov/bis/ear/ear_data.html

ConventionsThis document uses the following conventions: Convention bold font italic font [ ] {x | y | z } [x|y|z] stringcourier

Indication Commands and keywords and user-entered text appear in bold font. Document titles, new or emphasized terms, and arguments for which you supply values are in italic font. Elements in square brackets are optional. Required alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. Optional alternative keywords are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars. A nonquoted set of characters. Do not use quotation marks around the string or the string will include the quotation marks.

font

Terminal sessions and information the system displays appear in courier font. Non-printing characters such as passwords are in angle brackets. Default responses to system prompts are in square brackets. An exclamation point (!) or a pound sign (#) at the beginning of a line of code indicates a comment line.

< > [ ] !, #

Note

Means reader take note.

Tip

Means the following information will help you solve a problem.

Caution

Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might perform an action that could result in equipment damage or loss of data.


xxxix

Preface

Timesaver

Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the paragraph.

Warning

Means reader be warned. In this situation, you might perform an action that could result in bodily injury.


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OL-21733-12

CH A P T E R

1

IntroductionRevised: November 15, 2010; OL-21733-12

The Cisco Unified Communications System delivers fully integrated communications by enabling data, voice, and video to be transmitted over a single network infrastructure using standards-based Internet Protocol (IP). Leveraging the framework provided by Cisco IP hardware and software products, the Cisco Unified Communications System delivers unparalleled performance and capabilities to address current and emerging communications needs in the enterprise environment. The Cisco Unified Communications family of products is designed to optimize feature functionality, reduce configuration and maintenance requirements, and provide interoperability with a wide variety of other applications. The Cisco Unified Communications System provides this capability while maintaining a high level of availability, quality of service (QoS), and security for your network. The Cisco Unified Communications System incorporates and integrates the following major communications technologies:

IP telephony IP telephony refers to technology that transmits voice communications over a network using IP standards. Cisco Unified Communications includes a wide array of hardware and software products such as call processing agents, IP phones (both wired and wireless), voice messaging systems, video devices, and many special applications.

Customer contact center Cisco Unified Contact Center products are a combination of strategy and architecture that promote efficient and effective customer communications across a globally capable network by enabling organizations to draw from a broader range of resources to service customers. They include access to a large pool of agents and multiple channels of communication as well as customer self-help tools.

Video telephony The Cisco Unified Video Advantage products enable real-time video communications and collaboration using the same IP network and call processing agent as Cisco Unified Communications. With Cisco Unified Video Advantage, making a video call is as easy as dialing a phone number.

Rich-media conferencing Cisco Unified MeetingPlace, Cisco Unified Videoconferencing, and Cisco WebEx Software as a Service enhance the virtual meeting environment with a integrated set of IP-based tools for voice, video, and web conferencing.


1-1

Chapter 1

Introduction

Mobility Cisco wireless and mobility solutions enable users to increase productivity and responsiveness by enabling access to network resources and applications securely, regardless of location or client device.

TelePresence Cisco TelePresence delivers real-time, face-to-face interactions between people and places in their work and personal lives using advanced visual, audio, and collaboration technologies. These technologies transmit life-size, high-definition images and spatial discrete audio that make users feel like they are in the same room even when they are half a world away.

Applications Cisco provides numerous embedded applications and also works with leading-edge companies to provide the broadest selection of innovative third-party unified communications applications and products focused on critical business needs such messaging, customer care, and workforce optimization.

The remainder of this document focuses on system design considerations for deploying these technologies and applications in the Cisco Unified Communications System. For information about other aspects of the Cisco Unified Communications System, refer to the documentation available at the following locations: http://www.cisco.com/go/ucsrnd http://www.cisco.com/go/unified-techinfo You can also find additional documentation for the Cisco Unified Communications family of products at the following location: http://www.cisco.com

Note

The design guidance in this document applies to Cisco customers and partners who want to deploy an Enterprise Unified Communications solution. For those interested in hosted or managed Unified Communication solutions, please refer to http://www.cisco.com/go/hostedcollab for more information.


1-2

OL-21733-12

Chapter 1

Introduction Cisco Unified Communications System Architecture

Cisco Unified Communications System ArchitectureFigure 1-1 illustrates the layered architecture of the Cisco Unified Communications System.Figure 1-1 Architecture of the Cisco Unified Communications System

Operations & Serviceability

IP

User & Device Provisioning Services

Voice Quality Monitoring & Alerting

Operations & Fault Monitoring

Network & Application Probing

Applications & ServicesVoice Messaging Rich Media Conferencing Presence Services Mobility Contact Center

IP

Collaboration Clients

M

Call Control

Xcode MTP

IP IPM M M

M

LDAP & Directory Services

Conf

Media Resources

Music on Hold

Endpoints

Unified CM Applications

Device Mobility

M M M

IP

Call Routing

M

M

9.911 9.[2-9]xxxxxx 9.1[2-9]xx[2-9]xxxx 9.011

IP

V

PSTNRemote Site Survivability

IP

Dial Plan

Call Processing Agent

IP


Video Telephony

PSTN & IP Gateways

PSTN Services

LWAPP

IPWAN Aggregation Router IP WAN & Internet Access

NetworkingAccess Switch Wireless Distribution & Core Switching Security Quality of Service Branch Router & Access Switch253666

The various layers of the Cisco Unified Communications System perform the following major tasks and roles:

Networking This layer forms the foundation for the Unified Communications network. It includes components that provide the following functions and capabilities: Network infrastructure ensures a redundant and resilient network foundation with Quality of

Service (QoS) enabled for Unified Communications applications. Voice security ensures a general security policy and a hardened and secure networking

foundation for Unified Communications applications.


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Chapter 1 Cisco Unified Communications System Architecture

Introduction

Unified Communications deployment models provide tested models as well as best practices

and design guidelines for deploying a Unified Communications System. IP telephony migration options provide guidelines on how to plan and approach a migration

from standalone voice, video, and collaboration systems to an integrated Cisco Unified Communications System. For more information on the Networking layer, see the Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Networking, page 2-1.

Call Routing This layer handles the processing and routing of calls throughout the system. It includes components that provide the following functions and capabilities: Call processing agents provides telephony services and call routing capabilities. The dial plan provides endpoint numbering, dialed digits analysis, and classes of restriction to

limit types of calls that a user can make. Call admission control provides mechanisms for preventing oversubscription of network

bandwidth by limiting the number of calls that are allowed on the network at a given time, based on overall call capacity of the call processing components and network bandwidth. Video telephony services provide the ability to provision and register video endpoints as well

as to set up, route, and maintain video calls on the network. PSTN gateways and provider voice and data services provide access to voice and data networks

outside the enterprise, including the PSTN, Internet, and service provider IP-based trunks. Remote site survivability provides continuation of basic telephony services at remote sites when

the central-site telephony services are unavailable due to failed or flapping network connectivity. For more information on the Call Routing layer, see the Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Call Routing, page 7-1.

Call Control This layer enables users to initiate and manage calls. It includes components that provide the following functions and capabilities: Integration with central Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) directories enables

companies to centralize all user information in a single repository available to Unified Communications applications, with a reduction in maintenance costs through the ease of adds, moves, and changes. Access to media resources provides media processing functions such as conferencing, media

termination, transcoding, echo cancellation, signaling, packetization of a stream, streaming audio (annunciation), and so forth. Music on hold provides music (or advertising) to callers when their call is placed on hold,

transferred, parked, or added to an ad-hoc conference. Unified Communications endpoints and feature sets range from gateways that support ordinary

analog phones in an IP environment to an extensive set of native IP phones offering a range of capabilities for the end user. Device mobility features enable mobile users to roam from one site to another with their

endpoint devices and to acquire the dynamically allocated settings of their roaming site for call routing, codec section, media resource selection, and so forth.


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Applications embedded in the call control software provide features such as click-to-call

dialing, manager-assistant applications, and the ability for users to log in to any phone, as well as support for web-based applications that can run directly on the users desktop phone. For more information on the Call Control layer, see the Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Call Control, page 15-1.

Applications and Services This layer contains numerous applications and services that can be deployed on top of an existing Cisco Unified Communications infrastructure to add enhanced user features to the system. It includes components that provide the following functions and capabilities: Voice messaging provides voicemail services and message waiting indication. Rich media conferencing provides audio and video conferencing as well as web-based

application and document sharing. Presence services provide user availability tracking across user devices and clients. Mobility services provide enterprise-level Unified Communications features and functionality

to users outside the enterprise. Contact center applications provide call handling, queuing, and monitoring for large call

volumes. Collaboration client services provide integration to Unified Communications services and

leveraging of various applications. For more information on the Applications and Services layer, see the Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Applications and Services, page 20-1.

Operations and Serviceability This layer contains system-level services for monitoring and managing the Unified Communications network and applications. It includes components that provide the following functions and capabilities: User and device provisioning services provide centralized provisioning and configuration of

users and devices for Unified Communications applications and services. Voice quality monitoring and alerting provide the ability to monitor various call flows within

the system to determine whether voice quality is acceptable and to alert administrators when the voice quality is not acceptable. Operations and fault monitoring provides the ability to monitor all application and service

operations and to issue alerts to administrators regarding network and application failures. Network and application probing provides the ability to probe and collect network and

application traffic information at various locations throughout the deployment and to allow administrators to access and retrieve this information from a central location. For more information on the Operations and Serviceability layer, see the Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Operations and Serviceability, page 27-1.

Note

The design recommendations in this guide have been reviewed and found to be consistent with the Cisco Borderless Network Smart Business Architecture (SBA). Contact your Cisco representative for more information on SBA.


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Chapter 1 How to Use This Design Guide

Introduction

How to Use This Design GuideThis document provides design considerations, guidelines, and best practices for deploying a Cisco Unified Communications System. As discussed in the previous section, the architecture of the Cisco Unified Communications System consists of five layers. This document is divided into five parts corresponding to the five architectural layers. Each part of this document contains chapters that describe the components and design guidelines for the corresponding architectural layer. The process for building a good Unified Communications system is similar to building a house: first you have to establish a solid infrastructure and foundation upon which to build all the other layers. And the other layers must be added in a particular sequence, usually from the bottom up. (For example, you have to build the walls of a house before you can put a roof on it.) In the case of a Unified Communications system, the networking layer provides the infrastructure, and the other layers must be added from the bottom up in the sequence shown in Figure 1-1. The parts and chapters of this guide are organized in that same sequence to help you establish a logical process for designing your Unified Communications system. The first chapter in each part of this guide presents an overview of the information contained in that part. The overview includes an illustration of the five architectural layers of the Cisco Unified Communications System, and the layer being discussed in that part of the guide is highlighted. For example, Figure 1-2 is the illustration from the Call Control part of this guide. The Call Control layer is highlighted in a different color to show that it is the layer being discussed in that part of the guide. The layers below it (Networking and Call Routing) are visible because they must already be in place before the Call Control layer can be implemented. The layers above it (Applications & Services and Operations & Serviceability) are shaded to indicate that they cannot be implemented until the current layer (Call Control in this example) is in place.


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Figure 1-2

Cisco Unified Communications Call Control Architecture


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If you are designing a new Unified Communications system, Cisco recommends that you develop your design according to the sequence and guidelines presented in this document. If you already have some layers of the system in place and you want to add other layers to it, Cisco recommends that you at least review the sections of this guide that pertain to the existing layers to ensure that your system complies with all the guidelines.


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Chapter 1 How to Use This Design Guide

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Unified Communications Networking

CH A P T E R

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Overview of Cisco Unified Communications NetworkingRevised: April 2, 2010; OL-21733-12

A solid network infrastructure is required to build a successful Unified Communications system in an enterprise environment. Other key aspects of the network architecture include voice security, unified communications deployment models, and migration strategies. Unified Communications including IP telephony, rich media, collaboration, and many other functions places strict requirements on IP packet loss, packet delay, and delay variation (or jitter). Therefore, you need to enable most of the Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms available on Cisco switches and routers throughout the network. For the same reasons, redundant devices and network links that provide quick convergence after network failures or topology changes are also important to ensure a highly available infrastructure. The following aspects are essential to the topic of Unified Communications networking and are specifically organized here in order of importance and relevance to one another:

Network Infrastructure Ensures a redundant and resilient foundation with QoS enabled for Unified Communications applications. Voice Security Ensures a general security policy for Unified Communications applications and a hardened and secure networking foundation for them to rely upon. Unified Communications Deployment Models Provide tested models in which to deploy Unified Communications call control and applications, as well as best practices and design guidelines to apply to Unified Communications deployments. IP Telephony Migration Options Provide guidelines on how to plan and approach a migration from separate standalone voice, video, and collaboration systems to an integrated Cisco Unified Communications System.

The chapters in this part of the SRND cover the networking subjects mentioned above. Each chapter provides an introduction to the subject matter, followed by discussions surrounding architecture, high availability, capacity planning, and design considerations. The chapters focus on design-related aspects rather than product-specific support and configuration information, which is covered in the related product documentation.


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Chapter 2

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Networking

This part of the SRND includes the following chapters:

Network Infrastructure, page 3-1 This chapter describes the requirements of the network infrastructure needed to build a Cisco Unified Communications System in an enterprise environment. The sections in this chapter describe the network infrastructure features as they relate to LAN, WAN, and wireless LAN infrastructures. The chapters treat the areas of design, high availability, quality of service, and bandwidth provisioning as is pertinent to each infrastructure.

Unified Communications Security, page 4-1 This chapter presents guidelines and recommendations for securing Unified Communications networks. The topics in this chapter range from general security, such as policy and securing the infrastructure, to phone security in VLANs, on switch ports, and with QoS. Other security aspects covered in this chapter include access control lists, securing gateways and media resources, firewalls, data center designs, securing application servers, and network virtualization.

Unified Communications Deployment Models, page 5-1 This chapter describes the deployment models for Cisco Unified Communications Manager as they relate to the various network infrastructures such as a single site or campus, multi-site environments, and data center solutions. This chapter covers these deployment models and the best practices and design considerations for each model, including many other subtopics pertinent to the model discussed.

IP Telephony Migration Options, page 6-1 This chapter describes several methods for migrating from separate standalone voice, video, and collaboration systems to an integrated Cisco Unified Communications System. It discusses the pros and cons of both phased migration and parallel cutover. It also describes the services needed to connect a private branch exchange (PBX) to a new Unified Communications system. The major topics discussed in this chapter include IP telephony migration, video migration, and migration of voice and desktop collaboration systems.


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Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Networking Architecture

ArchitectureThe networking architecture lays the foundation upon which all other layers of the Unified Communications System are deployed. Figure 2-1 shows the logical location of the networking layer in the overall Cisco Unified Communications System architecture.Figure 2-1 Cisco Unified Communications Networking Architecture


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All other layers of the Unified Communications System architecture, including call routing, call control, applications and services, and operations and serviceability, rely heavily on the readiness of the network to support their services. The networking layer is the single most important aspect of a solid Unified Communications foundation in that it provides the quality of service needed to ensure applications have uncompromised access to network services. The networking layer also ensures the correct deployment of servers and the proper bandwidth for endpoints and services to communicate effectively and securely.


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Chapter 2 High Availability

Overview of Cisco Unified Communications Networking

High AvailabilityProper design of the network infrastructure requires building a robust and redundant network from the bottom up. By structuring the LAN as a layered model (access, distribution, and core layers) and developing the LAN infrastructure one step of the model at a time, you can build a highly available, fault tolerant, and redundant network. Proper WAN infrastructure design is also extremely important for normal IP telephony operation on a converged network. Proper infrastructure design requires following basic configuration and design best-practices for deploying a WAN that is as highly available as possible and that provides guaranteed throughput. Furthermore, proper WAN infrastructure design requires deploying end-to-end QoS on all WAN links. Wireless LAN infrastructure design becomes important when IP telephony is added to the wireless LAN (WLAN) portions of a converged network. With the addition of wireless Unified Communications endpoints such as the Cisco Unified Wireless IP Phones 7921G and 7925G, voice traffic has moved onto the WLAN and is now converged with the existing data traffic there. Just as with wired LAN and wired WAN infrastructures, the addition of voice in the WLAN requires following basic configuration and design best-practices for deploying a highly available network. In addition, proper WLAN infrastructure design requires understanding and deploying QoS on the wireless network to ensure end-to-end voice quality on the entire network. After designing and implementing the network infrastructure properly, you can add network and application services successfully across the network, thus providing a highly available foundation upon which your Unified Communications services can run.

Capacity PlanningScaling your network infrastructure to handle the Unified Communications applications and services that it must support requires providing adequate available bandwidth and the capability to handle the additional traffic load created by the applications.


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Network InfrastructureRevised: June 2, 2011; OL-21733-12

This chapter describes the requirements of the network infrastructure needed to build a Cisco Unified Communications System in an enterprise environment. Figure 3-1 illustrates the roles of the various devices that form the network infrastructure, and Table 3-1 summarizes the features required to support each of these roles. Unified Communications places strict requirements on IP packet loss, packet delay, and delay variation (or jitter). Therefore, you need to enable most of the Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms available on Cisco switches and routers throughout the network. For the same reasons, redundant devices and network links that provide quick convergence after network failures or topology changes are also important to ensure a highly available infrastructure The following sections describe the network infrastructure features as they relate to:

LAN Infrastructure, page 3-4 WAN Infrastructure, page 3-35 Wireless LAN Infrastructure, page 3-56

Cisco Unified Communications Sy

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