The system checks every invoice for variances.

You set tolerance limits for each variance type in Customizing for Invoice Verification.

If the variance is not within the tolerance limits, the system displays a message to this effect.

If an upper tolerance limit is exceeded, the invoice will be blocked when posted.

You must release a blocked invoice in a separate step before it can be paid.

The system carries out the following checks for each invoice item:

Quantity variance

The system compares the difference between the delivered quantity and the quantity already invoiced with the invoice quantity.

Price variance

The system compares the purchase order price with the invoice price (invoice value : invoice quantity).

Purchase order price quantity variance

Goods receipt before invoice receipt

The ratio quantity of goods received (purchase order price unit) : quantity of goods received (order unit) is compared with the ratio invoice quantity (purchase order price unit) : invoice quantity (order unit).

Invoice receipt before goods receipt

The ratio purchase order quantity (purchase order price unit) : purchase order quantity (order unit) is compared with the ratio invoice quantity (purchase order price unit) : invoice amount (order unit).

Date variance

The planned delivery date is compared with the date of invoice entry.

The invoice quantity is larger than the goods receipt quantity. When you post, a balance is created on the GR/IR clearing account.

You expect another goods receipt. The GR/IR clearing account is cleared when you post the goods receipt.

When price variances occur, the account movements differ depending on how the material is valuated.

There are two types of price control:

S Standard price

V Moving average price (MAP)

If the invoice is received after the goods receipt, the following occurs, depending on the price control used:

In the case of a material with standard price, the price variance is posted to a price difference account.

In the case of a material with moving average price, the price variance is posted to the stock account if there is sufficient stock coverage. This changes the moving average price.

If the invoice is received before the goods receipt, the price variance is posted to the GR/IR clearing account. The price variance is only posted to the price difference account or stock account when the goods receipt is posted.

The price variance is posted to a price difference account.

The material price remains unchanged both at goods receipt and invoice receipt.

The moving average price, which is included in the material master record for statistical purposes, changes by the amount of the variance.

The price variance is posted to the stock account.

The material price changes:

If no stock quantity exists for the invoice quantity, the price variance is posted to a price difference account.

If stock coverage is available for only part of the invoice quantity, the price variance is distributed proportionally between the stock account and the price difference account.

In the material master record of a material you define:

Whether a goods receipt for a material is subject to inspection.In this case, an inspection lot is created for every goods receipt for this material.

Whether an invoice should be blocked due to quality inspection.In this case, an inspection lot without a usage decision or a rejected inspection lot leads to an invoice block.

The system sets reason for blocking I for an item in the following cases:

Goods-receipt-based invoice verificationThe invoice is blocked when the inspection lot for the goods receipt concerned does not have a usage decision or was rejected.

No goods-receipt-based invoice verificationThe invoice is blocked when any inspection lot for the purchase order item does not have a usage decision or was rejected.

You can activate the amount check in Customizing for Invoice Verification. You set a tolerance for the amount of every individual item for each company code. You do this separately for:

Invoices that reference purchase orders

Invoices that do not reference purchase orders

In Customizing for Invoice Verification, you determine for which purchase orders quality inspections are to be performed with regard to invoices that reference purchase orders (according to item category and goods receipt indicator).

If an invoice item exceeds the set tolerance, the item is given blocking reason O.

You define tolerances in Customizing for:

Quantity variance

Price variance

Purchase order price quantity variance

Date variance

The system checks the following value in the case of quantity variance:

Purchase order price x quantity variance

The greater the purchase order price, the lower the tolerated quantity variance.

The system checks the following value in the case of schedule variance:

Invoice value x days variance

The greater the invoice value, the lower the tolerated schedule variance.

You can block each individual invoice item manually, regardless of whether it is blocked for other reasons or not.

In conventional Invoice Verification, the manual block is set on the item detail screen.

In Logistics Invoice Verification, the manual block is set on the item list.

In addition, you can set the payment block without reference to an item:

In the vendor line item in conventional Invoice Verification

In the document header in Logistics Invoice Verification

Invoices which do not contain a blocking reason can be blocked stochastically (that is, at random).

You set a threshold value and associated percentage in Customizing.

If the invoice value is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the probability of a block is equal to the percentage.

If the invoice value is smaller than the threshold value, the probability is calculated on a proportional basis.

If an invoice is blocked stochastically, the system sets the payment block in the vendor line item. The individual items are not given a blocking indicator.

Select the invoices you wish to process.

In the time between the blocking and releasing of an invoice, the cash discount period could expire. When you release an invoice, you have the opportunity to change the baseline date for payment.

You can define whether you want to release the invoices manually or automatically via the field Automatic release.

Blocking reason Q (quantity) may no longer apply after a further delivery arrives.

Blocking reason D (date) becomes invalid over time.

Blocking reason P (price) may no longer apply if the purchase order price is changed. It does not become invalid by entering a credit memo for the item.

Blocking reason I (quality) becomes invalid when the goods pass the quality inspection.

Invoices with blocking reasons that are no longer valid must still be released for payment.

In the case of automatic release, the system releases all invoices which:

Satisfy the selection criteria and

Only contain blocking reasons which are no longer valid

Even if only one item has a blocking reason that is still valid, the blocking reasons for all items are retained.

You can carry out automatic release in the background using program RMMR0200.

You can delete individual blocking reasons in the list of document items. When you delete the last blocking reason in an invoice, the system releases the invoice for payment.

You cannot release individual invoice items; you can only release an entire invoice. Therefore you must total up the list before releasing it. Each document number is only listed once in the totals display.

To release a single invoice, you use individual release.

To release several invoices at the same time, you use collective release.

When invoices are released, they remain in the list. A new list is created only when you re-enter the release function.

Once you have released an invoice, you cannot cancel the release using this function. The blocking indicator can only be reset in Financial Accounting.

SAP AGTAMM30 4.0B8-17