tyre cord srk
TRANSCRIPT
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Tyre cord
Technical textiles
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CONTENTS
Introduction Parts & structure of tyre cord
Function of parts
Classification of tyres
Raw material in tyre cord
Properties of raw material Structure of tyre cord fabric
Types of tyre cord
Tire cord manufacturing
Manufacturing process
Uses of tyre cord
Advantages of tyre cord
Comparison with other material
New Developments
Cost of tyre cord
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INTRODUCTION
Tyre is a pressure vessel and cord keeps it dimensionally
stable.
Tyres have to carry heavy loads, steel and fabric cords
are used in the construction to reinforce rubber
compound and provide strength.
Tyre yarns of polyester, rayon, nylon, aramid, glass, or
steel are twisted to 5 to 12 turns per inch.
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PARTS & STRUCTURE OFTYRE CORD
TREAD
RIB
GROOVES
SIPES
SHOULDER
CAP PLIES
STEEL BELT
RADIAL PLIES
BEAD CHAFFER BEAD
TREAD BLOCK
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FUNCTION OF PARTS OFTYRE
Tread
it is thick layer (approx. 18-20 mm) of rubber whichcomes into contact with road.
Rib it is designed for noise suppression.
Grooves to traction in all weather, directional control, cool
running and all rolling resistance.
Sips serves as the support for the wheel moving on theroad.
Shoulder upper portion of the side wall just below the treadedge that affects tyre heat behavior and corneringcharacteristics.
Cap plies main load baring components layers of fabric cordextending from bead to bead to reinforce the tyre and
maintain the shape.
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FUNCTIONS OF PARTS OFTYRE
Steel beltlocated below cap plies to increase tensile strength of
tyre. steel belt or layer provides well balanced combination of
rubber & fabric. Thickness is 0.2 to 0.38 mm. this are the steel cord
plated with copper or zinc.
Radial plies thin layer of rubber inside the tyre containing
compressed air tube. Sidewallportion between tread to bead. it is rubber sheet 1.5 to
3.5 mm thick protecting tube from any kind of mechanical or
physical damage and moisture penetration.
bead chafer narrow strip of flex material around the outside of
the bead that protects tyre against wear & tear and prevent dirt
and moisture from getting into the tyre.
Bead structure composed of high tensile strength steel wire which
holds the tyre assembly onto the rim of the wheel for handling
performance.
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RAW MATERIAL IN TYRECORD
TEXTILEMATERIAL
VISCOSE RAYON
NYLON 6
& 66
Polyester
ARAMIDE
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PROPERTIES OF NYLON 66
Nylon 66 tends to form strong interchain hydrogen bonds. This
results in a stronger & more crystalline polymer that softens or
melts at relatively higher temperature.
It has a higher tenacity and is less subjected to shrinkage.
Better fatigue resistance.
Higher resonance frequency.
No flat spotting.
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Structure of Tyre Cord Fabric
The tyre cord fabric is
comprised of warp cords
oriented in the longitudinaldirection and weft yarns
oriented in the lateral
direction. The warp cords
are used in reinforcingpneumatic tires.
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TYRE CORDMANUFACTURING
The cord fabric consists of yarns of a linear density of
500 tex in warp and common cotton yarns with a
linear density of 16.6-25 tex in weft.
The properties of cord depend on the number of
plies of thinner and number of twists to be given inyarn.
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Processing of Tyre Cord
Most tyre companies produce tyre cord
from high tenacity continuous filament
yarn supplied by various fiber
manufacturers.
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MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Steps of manufacturing tyre cord-
1. Spinning- By melt spinning we get filaments.
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2. Twisting
Its purpose is to-
To prevent filament breakage.
Improved coherence of yarns. To improve fatigue resistance.
To improve weaving workability.
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3. Cabling- It is done by ply cable
winding machine. Yarn tension
of about 0.02 cN/tex is
recommended.
4. Weaving- 100 or 1500 cords with
3-1 pick per cm of light Cotton,
Rayon, PET yarn threads.
A type of fabric is obtained in onedirection of warp as far stronger
than in the other direction.
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5. Dipping- During Tire cord
dipping process an
Adhesive was applied & the
fabric is treated under
controlled condition of time.
After dipping fabric passes
through vacuum suction
lines to remove the excessdip before entering a drying
oven, where water is
removed.
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6. Vulcanization- It is a
process by which rubber is
heated with sulphur to
create a network ofchemical cross-links
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M/C INFORMATION
Tyre Cord fabric manufacturing is carried out on special looms:-
1. Heavy power looms TT-160
2. Automatic loom AT-175K3. CTE175-KM
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Specifications of loom
Loom width- 190 - 200 cm
(approx)
Cloth take-up upto 550 mm
or on demand with batching
up to 1200 mm. Single warp beam up to 280
cm
Weft insertion rate up to 550
MPM
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Tyre comparision
Aircraft vs. passenger
tyre applications:
Passenger tyre: all-season
tyre, which is built toendure long-term wear
while providing
adequate performance
in almost all conditions.
http://i.ehow.co.uk/images/a05/ok/sg/passenger-tires_-800X800.jpg -
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TYPE OF TYRE CORD
TIRE CORDFABRIC
NYLONTIRE CORD
STEEL TIRECORD
POLYESTER
TIRE CORD
RAYON TIRECORD
http://www.supplierlist.com/product_view/senyuex001/107903/100919/Chafer_fabric.htmhttp://www.supplierlist.com/product_view/senyuex001/107904/101206/Steel_cord.htm -
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PROPERTIES
Nylon tyre cord fabric
1. Optimum reinforcing material
2. High tenacity
3. High toughness
4. Superior fatigue resistance
5. Good adhesion to rubber
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PROPERTIES
Rayon fabric
1. High initial modulus
2. Improves testingtemper about 70-30
degree Celsius
Fabric quality is based on its strength, stretch, shrinkage & elasticity
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Polyester tyre cord fabric
1. High strength
2. Low shrinkage
3. High modulus4. Increase extensibility
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Steelfabric
1. Tensile strength
2. Elongation
3. Stiffness
4. Superior corrosion
resistance
5. High modulus
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USES OF TYRE CORD FABRIC
POLYESTER- MAINLY USED FOR PASSENGER CAR AND LIGHT
TRUCK RADIAL TYRES.
NYLON- ARE USED AFTER BEGINNING OPERATION OF
VEHICLE UTILIZING TYRES.
TO REDUCE PRODUCTION COST.
ARE USED IN TYRES IN TRUCK, BUS & OFF ROAD VEHICLES.
STEEL- IT IS USED INSIDE TYRES.
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Applications of tyre cord
Applications
Automotive
Exterior
Passenger car tires
Bus and truck tires Earth mover, off the road
Industrial tires
Agricultural / farm tires
Agricultural & excavator tracks Snowmobile tracks
Motor cycle tires
Advantages & uses of tyre
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Advantages & uses of tyrecord
Advantages:
Meeting the highest performance, safety, environment
and cost criteria
Innovative constructions for a longer tyre life
Enhanced wire-to-rubber adhesion for higher safety
Stronger wires and new cord constructions that lead to
lower costs, lower weight and fuel savings
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Best reinforcement material:
reducing friction
Wears between cord threads during compression,
bending & stretching
Also greatly improves fatigue resistance, endurance life
& pressure holding performance.
Deals with: Geotextiles & civil engineering.
Uses of tyre cord
I ti t ti f
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Innovative constructions forlonger life
Polyester tyre cord fabric:
leads to high break strength, dimensional stability, good
in humidity, good creep resistance, high modulus etc.
Deals with: hot water bottles , conveyer belt fabric, high
modulus low shrinkage yarn.
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Market Forecast - Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills:Market forecasts show the long term outlook for the Tire
Cord and Tire Fabric Mills industry. The following five-
year forecast utilizes advanced econometric techniques
that take into account both short-term and long-term
industry trends.
Market view & price ratio of tyre
cord
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DEVELOPMENTS & SCOPE OFCORD FABRIC
For high load lifting capacity cord is made for
steel yarn.
Cord is manufactured of glass fibers in somecountries.
In recent years, cushion cord fabric for these
tyre is usually made from stiff fibers with theminimum elongation
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belts reinforced with kevlar aramid fiber
Improved rubberized fabric sheets used in
waterproof covers, flexible storage bins ,
frictional surface etc.
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THANK YOU