types of wiring

55
C.O.E. MODULE-ECBT: 4. “BASIC Electrical Wiring & Winding ” DURATION : 8 Week Industrial Training Institute - Vyara

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Page 1: Types of Wiring

C.O.E.MODULE-ECBT: 4.

“BASIC Electrical Wiring & Winding ”DURATION: 8 Week

Industrial Training Institute - Vyara

Page 2: Types of Wiring

Course Content

Fonda mental of electricityElectrical word, definition and unitWiring SystemRequirement of electrical installationTypes of wiring System.TW Batten wiringPVC Casing Capping WiringConduit Pipe Wiring.IE Rules of Wiring.

Page 3: Types of Wiring

Multy Storage wiring.Wiring Installation Diagram and Symbol.Fault of Wiring.Magger.DC Motor and its Speed Control.Motor use in industries.Starter.Winding.Telephone Wiring.Transformer Winding.

Page 4: Types of Wiring

Fundamental concept of electrical energy

• Introduction.• Importance of electricity.• Use of electricity• 1. In industries : Heating, welding,

electroplating.• 2. Domestic : Light, fan, heater, washing

machine.• 3. Commercial : Cinema, Lift, water pump,

lighting, adverting display.

Page 5: Types of Wiring

Direct Current.Alternating current.Source of electricity.

1. Battery.2. Dc generator.3. Alternator.

Page 6: Types of Wiring

Electrical word, Definition & Unit

Electromotive force. (emf)CurrentResistanceOne AmpereOne voltElectric powerOne watt ( W )One OhmsElectric energyOne kilo watt hourSpecific resistance

Page 7: Types of Wiring

Wiring introduction & systemIntroduction of wiring.Types of wiring as using.1. Domestic Wiring.2. Commercial Wiring.3. Industrial wiring.Wiring System1. Tree System.2. Looping System.

(a) Switch and two plate ceiling rose or switch and batten holder lopping.

(b) Three plate ceiling rose looping.(c) In junction box looping

Page 8: Types of Wiring

Indian electricity rules pertaining to Domesting wiring

Electrical Supply line and equipment ’s construction, Installation, protection, operation and safety.

Consumer ‘s service line and equipment.

Cut out in consumer’s area.

Introduction of earth conductor and earth neutral position of switch and cut out.

Earth terminal in consumer’s area.

Handling of electrical supply line and equipment.

Supply of energy and uses.

Seal of meter and cut out.

Page 9: Types of Wiring

Introduction of wiring. Types of wiring according to the Uses.

1. Domestic Wiring.

2. Commercial Wiring.

3. Industrial Wiring.

WIRING

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Page 11: Types of Wiring

Factors Affecting choice of wiring

Safety Duration Appearance Accessibility Maintenance Cost

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Types of Wiring1. Cleat Wiring2. Batten Wiring

(a) PVC Batten wiring.(b) TRS/CTS Wiring.© Lead Shedh Wiring.

3. Casing Capping wiring(a) Wood Casing capping Wiring(b) PVC Casing Capping Wiring.

Page 13: Types of Wiring

4. Conduit Wiring

(a) Surface conduit wiring

Metal Conduit Wiring

PVC conduit wiring

(b) Consiled Conduit Wiring

Metal Conduit Wiring.

PVC Conduit wiring.

Page 14: Types of Wiring

• Introduction

The types of wiring to be adopted is dependent on various factors, viz, durability, safety, appearance, cost, consumer’s budget etc.

• Cleat wiring

This System uses insulated Cables sub protected in porcelain cleats.

CLEAT WIRING

Page 15: Types of Wiring

Cleat wiring is recommended only for temporary installations. The cleats are made in pairs having bottom and top halves. The bottom half is grooved to receive the wire and the top half is for cable grip. Initially the bottom and top cleats are fixed on the wall loosely according to the layout. Then the cable is drawn, tensioned and the cleats are tightened by the screw. Cleats are of three types, having one, two or three grooves, so as to receive one, two or three wires. Two types of cleats.

Page 16: Types of Wiring

• Cleat wiring is one of the cheapest wiring considering the initial cost and labor, and is most suitable for temporary wiring. This wiring can be quickly installed, easily inspected and altered. When not required, this wiring could be dismantled without damage to the cables, cleats and accessories

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Page 18: Types of Wiring

• B.I.S. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLEAT WIRING

• GeneralThis system shall not be employed for wiring on

damp walls or ceilings unless precautions are adopted for effectively preventing dampness and thus the deterioration of the insulation of the conductors.

• AccessibilityCleat wiring shall be run, as far as practicable, so as

to be visible. In positions where they would be liable to mechanical injury and where they are less than 1.5 m above the floor, they shall be adequately protected.

Page 19: Types of Wiring

• Class of cables

Vulcanized rubber insulted cables, PVC and polythene insulted cables, braided or unbraided insulted cables could be used without any further protection.

• Cleats

All cleats shall consist of two parts, a base piece and a cap. Cleats shall be fixed at distances not more than 60 cm apart and at regular intervals.

Page 20: Types of Wiring

Where cleat wiring is laid along an iron joist, porcelain cleats shall be inserted either with varnished wood fillets or varnished wood clamps securely fixed so as to prevent the conductors from coming in contact with the metal along witch they are passing.

• Fixing of cleats

In ordinary cases, cleats shall be attached to wooden plugs fixed to the walls

Page 21: Types of Wiring

• Distance apart of wires

For pressure up to 250 volts, cleats shall be of such dimensions that in the case of branch loads, conductors shall not be less than 2.5 cm apart, centre to centre, and in the case of sub-mains not less than 4 cm apart, centre to centre. Care shall be taken in selecting the size of cleats particularly for branch distribution wiring where two-way and three-way porcelain cleats are essential and the difference in size shall be reasonable. Care should

Page 22: Types of Wiring

• also be taken ensure that grooves f porcelain cleats are essential and the difference in size shall be reasonable. Care should also be taken ensure that grooves of porcelain cleats do not compress the insulation nor be too wide for a loose fit. Under no circumstances two wires shall be placed in one groove of the porcelain cleats.

Page 23: Types of Wiring

• Crossing of conductors

Where cleated conductors cross each other they shall be separated by an insulating bridging piece, which will rigidly maintain a distance of atleast1.3 cm between the conductors. Where joints are required for connecting bifurcating wires, junction boxes with porcelain connectors inside shall be used.

• Protection near the floor

No cleat wiring shall be left unprotected up to 1.5 m above the floor level. When brought through the floor it shall be enclosed in a conduit. (IS 732-1963)

Page 24: Types of Wiring

• Batten Wiring

Tough rubber-Sheathed (T.R.S.) or PVC- Sheathed cables are suitable to run on teak wood battens.

• Varnishing of teak wood batten• Method of securing the battens• Suitability of tough rubber-sheathed cable• Suitability of PVC sheathed cable• Painting• Bending in wiring• Passing through the walls• Buried cable

BATTEN WIRING

Page 25: Types of Wiring

• Link ClipsLink clips are used for family clipping the cables in position.

Link clips are of two types.• Link clip which has separate linking eye.• Joint link clip which has combined linking eye.Link clip are available in the following size.

Page 26: Types of Wiring

25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 80mm, out of which up to 40mm clips have one hole, while above that they have two holes for fixing.

Fig2 shows the joint link clips. These are available in the sizes 16mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 80mm with a thickness of 0.32mm and have one hole up to 40mm while above that they have two hole for fixing.

Link clips are made of tin or brass- coated tin or aluminum.

Page 27: Types of Wiring
Page 28: Types of Wiring

• Introduction

This system of wiring is suitable for low voltage installation, in this wiring, cables like vulcanized rubber, insulated cables or plastic insulated cables are use and carried within the wood casing enclosures. The wood casing wiring system shall not be use in damp places and in ill-ventilated places, unless suitable precautions are taken.

CASING CAPPING WIRING

Page 29: Types of Wiring

• Material and pattern of casingAll casing shall be of first class, seasoned teak wood or any other approved hardwood free from knots, shakes, saps or other defects, with all the sides planed to a smooth finish, and all sides well varnished, both inside and out side with pure shellac varnish. The casing shall have a grooved body with a beaded or plain- molded cover as desired.

Page 30: Types of Wiring

• Dimensions of casing.

The size of casing and capping to be used for various sizes of 250 volts grade insulated cables in a groove shall be in accordance with those specified in table 1.

• Bunching of circuits.• Attachment of casing to wall and ceiling.• Attachment of capping.• Passing over the floors.• Joints in casing and capping.

Page 31: Types of Wiring

• Types of Joint

1. Straight joint.

2. Tee joint.

3. Right- angled joint.

4. Corner joint.

5. Tee-bridge joint.

6. Cross- bridge joint.

Page 32: Types of Wiring

1. Straight joint.

Page 33: Types of Wiring

1. Tee joint.

Page 34: Types of Wiring

1. Corner joint.

Page 35: Types of Wiring

• Half-lap T joint

Page 36: Types of Wiring

• Cross- Joint

Page 37: Types of Wiring

• Introduction

In general, a conduit is defined as a tube or channel. Tubular conduit is the most commonly used material in electrical installations. When cables are drawn through the conduit and terminated at the outlet or switch points, the system of wiring is called conduit wiring.

CONDUIT WIRING

Page 38: Types of Wiring

• Types of conduits.

There are four types of conduits used for wiring.

1.Rigid steel conduit

2.Rigid non-metallic conduit

3.Flexible steel conduit

4.Flexible non metallic conduit.

Page 39: Types of Wiring

• PVC Fittings and accessories couplers

1. Couplers

2. Elbow

3. Bends

4. Tee

5. Circular boxes

6. Rectangular boxes.

Page 40: Types of Wiring

• Couplers

Page 41: Types of Wiring

• Elbow

Page 42: Types of Wiring

• Bends

Page 43: Types of Wiring

• Tees

Page 44: Types of Wiring

• Circular boxes

Page 45: Types of Wiring

• Rectangular boxes

Page 46: Types of Wiring

• Junction Boxes

Page 47: Types of Wiring

DC MotorIntroduction of DC motor.

Principal and operation of DC motor.

Motor Characteristics.

Types of Dc motor.

1. DC Shunt Motor

2. DC Series Motor

3. DC Compound Motor.

4. DC Different ional Compound Motor

Starting of DC Motor

Speed Control of DC Motor.

Page 48: Types of Wiring

AC MOTOR

Different types of variable speed AC Motors and their control.

Different types of motors used in industries.

• Squirrel cage induction motor

• Slip ring induction motor

• Single phase induction motor

Page 49: Types of Wiring

Classification and cooling methods

Motor size, speed and their method of wiring

Motor connection and earthling

Application of 3-point, 4 point star delta starters.

Page 50: Types of Wiring

Single Phase Motor

• Introduction • Types of Single phase induction motor.

– Shaded pole motor– Capacitor Start Induction run motor– Capacitor start capacitor run motor.

Page 51: Types of Wiring

Starter

• Introduction• Requirement of Starter• Different types of Starter

– Direct on line Starter– Auto Transformer Starter– Star-Delta Starter– Rotor resistance Starter

• Working principal of all different types of starter.

Page 52: Types of Wiring

Lay out symbol of electrical InstallationFault finding of electrical InstallationMaggerTelephone wiring

Page 53: Types of Wiring

MEGGER

• Introduction• Varies uses of megger• 1) To measure insulation resistance of wire.• 2) Testing of faults.• 3) Testing of continuities of circuits.• 4) To measure earth resistance .• Structure of megger• Megger use as a earth tester

Page 54: Types of Wiring

Winding

Introduction

DC machine winding

1. Lap winding

2. Wav winding

- Pole Pitch, Back pitch, Front pitch, winding pitch, coil pitch.

AC machine winding

1. Single phase winding

2. Three phase winding

1. Single layer winding

2. Double layer winding

Page 55: Types of Wiring

Transformer winding

• Introduction of transformer winding• Prepare data of transformer