types of movements at synovial joints. groups of movements gliding angular rotation special...
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Types of Movements at Synovial Joints
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Groups of Movements
Gliding
Angular
Rotation
Special Movements
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Gliding
A simple movement in which relatively flat bone surfaces move back-and-forth and side-to-side relative to one another.
Limited in range by the articular capsule and ligaments of the joint
Occurs in Planar Jonits (carpals, tarsals, sternoclavicular)
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Angular Movements
There is an increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones Flexion, Extensions, Abduction, Adduction
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Flexion/Extension
Flexion - A decrease in the angle between articulating bonesExtension – An increase in the angle between articulating bonesFound in hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle and ball-and-socket jointsHYPEREXTENSION – extension beyond anatomical position
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Abduction/Adduction
Abduction – movement away from the midline of the body
Adduction – movement toward the midline of the body
Found at condyloid, saddle and ball and socket joints
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Circumduction
Movement of the distal end of a body part in a circle
Found at ball-and-socket joints
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Rotation
A bone revolves around its own longitudinal axis
Found at pivot and ball and socket joints
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Special Movements
Occur only at certain joints
Include elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, inversion, eversion, dorsiflection, plantar flexion, supination and pronation
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Elevation - upward movement of a body part (closing your mouth)Depression – downward movement of a body part (opening your mouth)Protraction – movement of a body part forward (mandible or clavicles) Retraction – returning a protracted part to anatomical position
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Inversion – movement of the soles medially so they face each otherEversion – movement of the soles laterally so they are away from eachotherDorsiflexion – Bending the feet upward (like standing on your heals)Plantar Flexion – Bending the feet down (like standing on your toes)
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Supination – turning the palm upward
Pronation – turning the palm downward