types of lipids - biology for life · 2019. 3. 16. · what elements do lipids contain? how can you...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Types of Lipids
–Triglycerides
–Waxes
–Phospholipids
–Sterols
![Page 2: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Triglycerides
• Fats and oils used for long-term energy storage
– 38 KJ of energy per gram (2X carbs)
– Slower to build up and break down than carbs
![Page 3: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Triglycerides
• Formed by condensation reactions • 3 fatty acids + glycerol triglyceride
![Page 11: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A fatty acid is a long chain of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms with a COOH group (“carboxyl”) at one end.
![Page 12: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The hydrocarbon chain can vary in length … from 4 to about 24 carbons long,
depending on the type of fatty acid. (in humans, 16 and 18 are the most common)
Draw this structure in your notes
![Page 13: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
BILL
Draw a 4 carbon fatty acid
Highlight and label the carboxyl group
Highlight and label the methyl group
Try to do this without looking in your notes.
CHALLENGE:
Draw the skeleton structure:
(don’t show C’s and H’s)
![Page 14: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Build a 4 carbon fatty acid
Stamp when complete
![Page 15: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SATURATED VS. UNSATURATED
Think…pair…share
![Page 16: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Saturated Fatty Acids
• Have mostly single C-C bonds in the fatty acid chains
• Are typically solid at room temperature
• Are often from animal sources
![Page 17: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
• Have one or more C=C double bond in the fatty acid chain
• Are typically liquid at room temperature, because kinks in the tails prevent tight packing
• Are often from plant sources
![Page 18: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Peanut-butter can separate!
Is this peanut butter made up of more saturated or
unsaturated fats? How can you tell?
![Page 23: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
BILL
Create a t-chart comparing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
![Page 25: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cis-unsaturated fatty acids
• Naturally occurring
• Cis is a Latin word meaning "on the same side”
• Causes a kink in the fatty acid chain
![Page 26: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
BILL
1. Draw a 4 carbon cis-unsaturated fatty acid
2. Highlight and label the “cis” portion of the molecule.
Try to do this without looking in your notes.
![Page 27: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Trans-unsaturated fatty acids • Are not found in nature and are the result of human
processing
• Trans is a Latin word meaning "across", "on the opposite side"
• Causes a straight(er) fatty acid chain (even though it is unsaturated)
![Page 28: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
BILL
1. Draw a 4 carbon trans-unsaturated fatty acid
2. Highlight and label the “trans” portion of the molecule.
Try to do this without looking in your notes.
![Page 29: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
With a partner, build a triglyceride with:
1 saturated fatty acid
1 cis-unsaturated fatty acid
1 trans-unsaturated fatty acid
Stamp when complete
![Page 31: Types of Lipids - BIOLOGY FOR LIFE · 2019. 3. 16. · What elements do lipids contain? How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071509/612db56b1ecc515869425b8c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
BILL
List the four major classes of lipid molecules.
What elements do lipids contain?
How can you tell lipids from carbohydrates given a formula or structure?