types of lathe

8/9/2019 Types of Lathe

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Types of LatheSpeed Lathe

Wood working lathe Spinning lathe

Centering lathe

Polishing lathe

Speed lathe consists of a bed , head stock a tail stock and adjustable tool post. As thespeed of the spindle is very high its is called a speed lathe.

Used for Wood turning, Poloshing, Metal spinning

Speed Lathe

Wood Working Lathe


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Tool Room Lathe

It is nothing but an engine lathe built with more accuracy and more attachments.

This is designed for more accurate and precision type of work

It has more range of speeds and feeds

Cost is more

Used for making tools, test gauges, Dies and other precision parts.

Semi Automatic Lathes

In this type of machine, some operations are performed manually and some by automaticmeans.

They are used in mass production.

Capstan and turret lathes are examples of semi automatic lathes.

In these types of lathes different types of operation can be performed without the toolresetting.


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Special purpose lathesThese are specially designed for specific operations only.

They are meant for jobs which cannot be machined in a conventional lathe.

Eg: Crank Shaft lathe, Wheel lathe for locomotive wheels etcLathe specifications

Distance between centers

Length of Bed Height of centers

Maximum diameter

Swing over the cross slide

Horse power of the motor Number of speedsMajor Components of a Lathe The six(6) major components of an engine lathe are: Bed

Headstock

Tailstock Carriage


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Feed mechanism

Thread cutting mechanism

Bed

The foundation of a lathe is the bed. The bed is provides the basic lathe rigidityand is the primary source to the alignment of the other major components of the

lathe.

Bed (cont.)

The bed provides tracks (called "ways") on which the saddle of the carriage.

Generally there are two (2) "V"-ways on the outer edges of the bed and a "Flat"-

way in the center of the bed. The "V"-ways at as tracks for the lathe carriage andthe "Flat"-way is a seat for the headstock and tailstock.

Headstock

The headstock is permanently mounted to the bed of the lathe. It contains or hasattached directly to it the components which rotate the work piece.


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Tailstock

The tailstock is an assembly of components that is mounted to the lathe bed. The

tailstock mounting differs from the headstock mounting, in that, the tailstock is

free to move along the "V"-ways of the bed.

The primary function of the tailstock is to

provide support for the tailstock spindle. This spindle is used for a variety of

purposes including acting as a axial point of rotation for the work piece and

Holding tools such as drills and reamers.Carriage

The Carriage assembly is the work horse of the lathe. It is composed of:

A Saddle, which is an "H" shaped casting machined to fit the "V"-ways ofthe bed.


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A Cross slide, which can be moved in a perpendicular to the longitudinal

axis of the spindle (into the work piece).

A Compound rest is mounted to the cross slide. The compound rest

support the cutting tool and provides adjustment for the tool into a variety

of positions. Feed MechanismThe feed mechanism allows carriage to move along a line

parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spindle. The movement allows the tool

on the carriage to pass long the work piece.

The primary components of the Feed mechanism are the lead screw and the gear

box. The lead screw (some lathes have two- one for turning and one for

threading) is a rod with threads that when engaged move the carriage. The gearbox controls the rate at which the carriage moves.

Thread Cutting Mechanism

The thread cutting mechanism shares components with the Feed mechanism. An

index plate allows the lathe operator to the different Feed rates and then numberof threads cut per inch.

Lathe Gages

There may be as many as four gages on an engine lathe.

Saddle Movement Gage

Cross Slide Movement Gage

Saddle Movement Gage

This gage is often not present on older lathes.

The saddle movement gage measures the movement of the carriage andsaddle from left to right as you are facing the lathe in the operators

position.Cross Slide Movement Gage:

The cross slide movement gage measures the movement of the cross slide

in and out as you are facing the lathe in the operators position.

Compound Slide Angle GageThe compound slide angle gagemeasures the angle between the movement of the compound slide and

the movement of the cross slide. The gage is composed of a tick mark

on the bottom of the movable portion of the compound slide and an

angle scale on the base of the compound slide. Note that the angle

gage does not measure the angle of the tool (unless the tool is zeroed)

but rather the angle of the slide's movement.

The compound slide movement gage measures the lineal movement of the

compound slide.Mounting the work piece

The work piece may be mounted is either a

chuckor

between centers.


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Chucking

Chucking the work is done in either a three (3) or four (4) jaw chuck.

The key for the chuck is usually square and may be found on the side of the

chuck.

3-Jaw Chuck The jaws of a 3-jaw chuck typical move together. Even though the jaws

move in a coordinated fashion to center the work piece it is always a good

idea to check to see is the part is running true after it has been installed.

4-jaw chucks

4-jaw chucks usually have individual adjustments for each jaw and aremore difficult to use. 4-jaw chucks are used when the surface of the work

piece is to be turned is not concentric with the diameter used to mount the

part.

types of lathe

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