type of samples module: rock outcropearthcube – isamples sample management training module rock...

Physical Sample Management Training

Typeofsamples

RockOutcrop

SoilCore

Coral

RockCore

Module:RockOutcrop

EarthCube – iSamples Sample Management Training Module


RockOutcrop Collec1on Processing Management

PartIRockOutcropSampleCollec:on



RockOutcropSampleCollec:onOutlineofthissec:on:

I.  Ra1onaleforsampling•  Whatareyourfieldobjec1ves?•  Whatabout“old”samples?

II.  Protocolforsamplecollec1on•  Collec1ngthesample•  Collec1ngtherightinforma1on•  Incorpora1ngexis1ngsamples

(“previouslycollected”)

III.  ProtocolforSampleInforma1onSynthesis•  PreparingforIGSNRegistra1on



I.Ra:onaleforsampling:“FieldBased”metamorphicpetrologyandtectonicsstudiesgo

throughseveralstagesofplanningbeforefieldworkcommences.Thereareseveraltypesoffieldcampaignsthatyieldsamples:

1.  ReconnaissanceFieldSampling

2.  TargetedFieldSampling

3.  Acquisi1onofsamplesfromcollaborators/othersources(fieldworkdonebyothers).



ReconnaissanceFieldSampling: unmappedorlarge-scalemappedareas

•  Samplestoberepresenta1veofdifferentlithologies,•  maybemixedintermsofcollec1onpurposeandtypeof

deriva1vedata•  Collec1onismoreforcoverageandregionalgeologic

interpreta1on,ortorepresentimportantfieldrela1onships.Forexample,igneousintrusionsmaybesampled,unconformablesedimentaryrocks,andperhapsmetamorphicrocksofdifferentprotoliths/composi;ons,thoughthesecouldbelessusefulinstudiesofspecificmetamorphicprocessescondi;ons.



ReconnaissanceFieldSampling: Alargevaria1onofsampledensityandsizeofasuiteispossibleinsuchascenario,oZenreflec1ng:(1) costsofsampleprocessing(2) payloadconstraints(3) viabilityofperformingusefulanalyses(4) personalpreference/philosophy

•  Itispossible/likelythat“targeted”fieldsamplingtypestudycanbeperformedorderivedfromasubsetofsuchareconnaissancemapping/survey.Ifsamplesuitesize/densitypermi]edsamplinglithologiesdeemedusefulforspecificpurposes(keyfieldrela1onshipsorrepresenta1vecomposi1on,mineralogy,metamorphicgrade)meaningthistypeoffieldcampaigncanservemul1plepurposes.



Targetedfieldsamplingofpreviouslymappedareas:•  Thistypeoffieldsurveytypicallyisfocusedonanareathathas

previouslyhaddetailedmappingandlikelysamplingperformed•  Sampledensityislikelyhighlyvariablebecausespecific

lithologiesorfieldrela1onshipsaretargetedandsampledingreaterdensity

•  Sampledensitys1llmustdependinparton:(1) costsofsampleprocessing(2) payloadconstraints(3) viabilityofperformingusefulanalyses(4) personalpreference/philosophy•  Thissamplingmaybecombinedwith

detailedmappingatveryfinescalestorepresentfieldrela1onships.



Studentconsidera:ons:Iden1fythetypeoffieldworktheyareperformingandconsiderwhysamplesaretobecollected.•  Willtherebeaspecificques1onguidingfieldworkorwillamore

broadques1onofregionalgeologybethefocus?•  Thismaybethebestwayofconsideringappropriatesample

density,andbasicallyhowtobudget1meinthefield—amajorchallengefornew(andexperienced)geologists.



Studentconsidera:onsforundergraduatestudents:•  itislikelythatfieldworkisinpartalearningexperience

whereac1veresearchiscombinedwitheduca1onallearningac1vi1es:learningtomakemeasurements,sketches,interpreta1ons,etc.

•  Inthissitua1on,itisimportanttobeawareofwhataspectsofthefieldworkaremostcri1caltotheresearchprojectanditsgoals/purpose.



II.ProtocolforSampling:1.  Chooseasamplenamingprotocolforyourownorganiza1on.

Consideranamingschemethatmakessensetoothers.Thisislargelyapersonalpreference,butitisworthplanningahead.

2.  Iden1fythesamplingsite.Keyconsidera1onsinclude:a.  Coverage:areyouinaloca1onthat

wouldhavesignificanceinyourstudyarea?

b.  Rocktype:Canyoureasonablyiden1fywhatyouwillsampleandisitappropriateforfurtheranalysis(isthereanintendedpurpose)?

c.  Availabilityofasample:canyouactuallycollectanin-placesamplehere?



ProtocolforSampling:(con:nued)3.Recordnotesaboutwhere,bywhom,andwhensamplingwasperformed.•  Alsohelpfulisinforma1onaboutotherfeaturesthatwouldaid

someonetofindthisexactsite(trees,paths,roadnames,buildings,etc.)

•  UseaGPSforthespecificsamplingloca1on(within1meter).RecordLa1tude/Longitudeinnotes(inaddi1ontoyourGPSdevice--Itisbesttohaveawri]enbackup).

•  Measureandrecordanystructuraldatatoassociatewiththesample.



ProtocolforSampling:(con:nued)4.Photographthesamplesite,keepingnotesaboutthefilenameforthephotos.Besuretoincludearepresenta1onofscale.Ifyouhaveaddi1onalphotos/observa1onsfromthesamesiteyousample,recordtheseaswellinthesameplace.

Bluerockhammeris~20inchesinlength.



ProtocolforSampling:(con:nued)5.Ifyouareinterestedinmicrostructures,followstepstocollectanorientedsample.6.Carefullybreakoffanintactrocksample.Assesswhethertheremovedsamplemeetsyourcriteriaforaviablesample.Ifpossible,returnthesampletoitsoriginalsite/orienta1onandphotographitinplace.Thisispar1cularlyimportantifthesamplerepresentsanykeyfieldrela1onships(youmaynotknowatthispoint,soallthebe]ertobeprepared).



Awordaboutfloatsampling:Floatistobeavoidedasonecan’tbecertainitisinplace.!  Theonly1mestoconsiderfloatsamplingwouldbe:

•  Floatexactlymatchestheadjacentoutcropintermsoflithologyandyouwouldnotbeabletosampletheoutcropforotherreasons.

•  Floatrockspresentanopportunitytostudyaprocessthatisnotrepresentedinoutcrop,andisdecoupledfromregional/localgeology.

•  Floatrepresentstheonly“exposed”rockinanareaofsignificantreliefthatwasnotlikelyglaciatedormodifiedbyhumans.



ProtocolforSampling:(con:nued)7.Labelthesamplewithyourchosensamplenumber,in2ormoreplacesusingablueormetallicsharpie(thesearemorevisibleonearth-tonedrocks,especiallywhenwet—avoidblacksharpie).8.Modifyyoursamplingnotestoreflectthesamplesyoucollectandactuallykeep.IfyoudiscardsamplesaZernamingthem,donotgobacktofillinnumbersinyournamingscheme(therewillalwaysbesamplesthatdonotsurvivethroughcollec1on,processing,archive,etc.)Thiswayyourincrementalsamplenumberschemewillbeachronologicalorderaswell.



ProtocolforSampling:(con:nued)PreviouslyCollectedSamplesAcquisi1onfromotherInves1gatororCollaborator•  Fieldworkperformedinthepast,samplessharedwith

documenta1on•  Sampleinforma1onmaybethorough/completeormore

likelypar1al(duetodifferentsamplingprotocolormanagementphilosophy)

ProtocolforIncorpora:ngsampleseffec:velyintoworkflow:•  Gatherallsampleinforma1on.Considerwhatispreserved/

availableandwhatmaytakeeffort/1metoobtain.•  ArethesamplesalreadyregisteredwithIGSN’s?Ifso,request

anddownloadsampleinforma1on.•  Otherwise,preparesampleinforma1onforuploadtocreate

IGSN’sforthesesamples.



III.ProtocolforSampleInforma:onSynthesis:1.Beginningwithyoursampleinforma1onspreadsheetfromthefield,copytheworksheettoanewsheetandmodifythecolumnheaderstobereadbytheIGSNsystem.Besurethefollowingcolumnsareincluded(somerequiredbySESAR):

SampleNameCollectorLa1tudeLongitudeCollec1onDateCommentRockType

"fieldname(informalclassifica1on)State/ProvinceLocalityLoca1onDescrip1onCountry

MetamorphicGrade"Comment

PresentSampleLoca1on"CurrentArchive

AddnecessarycolumnsforIGSN(consulttheSESARQuickGuide):Naviga1onType=GPSSub-ObjectType=SpecimenCollec1ondateprecision=dayClassifica1on=MetamorphicMaterial=Rock



III.ProtocolforSampleInforma:onSynthesis:2.DownloadaBatchRegistra1onTemplatefromSESAR,whichcontainsnecessaryformamng.Pasteallinforma1onintoSESARforma]edspreadsheetforupload.•  Choosepublicsamples•  Giveyourselfaweekbeforesamplesappearinsearches•  Choosethefieldsaslistedabove

Note:Ifsampleinforma1onistobeuploadedtoanotherdatabasesystemsuchasMetPetDB,consideracommonformatforconsistentsamplemetadata.



III.ProtocolforSampleInforma:onSynthesis:Checkwithyoursupervisorastowhichaccountwillbetheownerofthesampleinforma1on.Obtainaloginfortheowneraccountorclarifywhetheryoushoulduseapersonallogin(andperhapstransferownershiptoyoursupervisor—seeSESARdocumenta1on).3.Withacompleted/savedbatchuploadfile,logintotheappropriateSESARaccount.4.Correctanyerrorsinthepreviewsystemanddownloadtheupdatedfiletoremaincurrent.Makethisfileaworksheetinthespreadsheetofyoursampleinforma1onandfielddata.



III.ProtocolforSampleInforma:onSynthesis:5.OnceIGSN’sareassignedforeachsample,updatethefieldsampledataspreadsheetforthisbatchwithIGSN’s.6.PrintQRCodes1ckersfortheregisteredsamplesfromSESAR.7.Preparethesampledataspreadsheettouploadsampleinforma1on(includingIGSN)toMetPetDB,thedatabaseforMetamorphicPetrology:www.metpetdb.rpi.edu8.Forinforma1onaboutpreparingsampledataforMetPetDB,seetheuserhelpinforma1on.



""PuJngNewSamplesawayinthelab:IGSNandMetPetDBregisteredsamplesshouldnext:•  moveontothesampleprocessing(ThinSec1ons)step.

or

•  bestoredinthesamplecabinetswithpreparedziplockbagsandIGSNQRcodes1ckersortags.

IGSN: BWH000001Name: EH01AKA: Collection Start Date:2009-07-09



PartIIRockOutcropSampleProcessing


RockOutcropSampleProcessingOutlineofthissec:on:

I.  Ra1onaleforprocessing•  Whatareyourobjec1ves?•  Whatwillbedonewithyoursamples?

II.  Protocolforsampleprocessing•  Preparingthesampleforthinsec1ons•  Preparingthesampleforrockchiporgrain

moun1ng•  Preparingthesampleformineralseparates



I.Ra:onaleforsampleprocessing:Samplesacquired/collectedinthefieldshouldbecategorizedby

thetypeofdatatobeacquiredfromthem.Beforebeginningsampleprocessing,samplesshouldbepriori1zedas1meandcostconstraintsoncontractedexternallabworkmaybelimi1ng.

1.  PreparingThinSec1ons

2.  Preparingchip/grainmounts

3.  Preparingmineralseparatestoeventuallybemountedforanalysis.




II.ProtocolforSampleProcessing:ThinSec:ons•  Samplestobeprocessedforthinsec1onsareremovedfromthesamplecabinetsandplacedontherockcart.

1.  Beforecumngsamples,preparealabeledziplockbagwithsamplenumberandits’IGSNs1ckera]ached.

•  Putallderiva1vepiecesofsampleinthisbagunlesstheyarethinsec1ons,mounts,orseparates.

IGSN: BWH000001Name: EH01AKA: Collection Start Date:2009-07-09



Processingrockoutcropsamples:ThinSec:ons•  Chooseathin-sec1onorienta1onforcumngaslabfromyoursample.Typicallyalinea1on-parallel,folia1on-normalcutispreferred.2.  Drawtheplanarintersec1onalong

thesurfaceofyoursample.Besureyouaremakingaslargeaslabaspossible.

3.  Cutslabusingauto-feedingsawor1lesaw.

4.  Soakinsoapywatertoremoveanycumngoil.

5.  Dryinwarmoven(~60ºC).



Processingrockoutcropsamples:ThinSec:ons

6.  Scanwetslabonflatbedscanner,ataminimumof600dpi.•  Becarefulwithwateronthe

scanner,dabanyexcesswaterandcleantheglassplatenaZeruse.

7.  Chooseandmarkthinsec1onloca1on.Documentthisloca1ononslabscanimages.

Detailedslabscan.Scalebaris2cm




8.  Trimslabtodesiredbilletforthinsec1on.SavealltrimmedpiecestoreturntothesamplebagwithIGSNlabel.

Slabisreadyfortrimmingtobillet.

9.  Labeldrybilletonbacksidewithblue

Sharpie.Usethinsec1onnamingconven1on:“SampleNumber”+a,b,c…



PartIIIRockOutcropSampleManagement




10. Choosesetofbilletsforthinsec1onprocessing.Compilealistonathinsec1ons(tracking)worksheetinyoursamplemanagementspreadsheetfileforthissamplesuite.

11. Carefullywrapbillets,boxthemwithalotofbubblewrap,andshipoutforthinsec1onprepara1on.


RockOutcropSampleManagementOutlineofthissec:on:

I.  Ra1onaleforsamplemanagement•  Whatareyourobjec1ves?•  Howwillsamplesandsampleinforma1onbe

properlymanaged?

II.  Protocolforsamplemanagement•  SampleAc:vityCodes•  Storageofthinsec1onsandothersample

materialforinac1vesuites•  Localarchivingofinac1vesamplesuites•  Samplesfromthecollec1onthatareoff-site



I.  Ra:onaleforsamplemanagementStatementofPhilosophy:

Physical samples are the basis for field-based geologic and petrologic study. To the investigator, samples represent the ability to make laboratory observations that are impossible in situ, and they should be treated as the sensitive “currency” of geology.

Time and effort managing a growing collection of samples means preserving this currency, and investing in its potential in the future. As much as scientific inquiry is built upon the past discoveries in our field, our investigative power is greatly strengthened by being able to return to the original source of our detailed analyses—our samples. With the swift advance of analytical power it should be clear that the future holds new ways of exploring information stored in our sample collections.

Samples collected as part of publicly funded research belong, in part to the public, and therefore should be ultimately available.



I.  Ra:onaleforsamplemanagement:

Whatareyoursamplemanagementobjec1ves?•  Helpourownresearchteam/collaboratorsbemoreefficientin

dealingwithsamples,fromcollec1on,throughanalysis,publica1on,andarchiving

•  Makeoursamplecollec1onaccessible.•  Trackandlocatesamplesandsubsamples(onsiteandoffsite)at

differentstagesofuse.•  Ul1mately,topreservetheusefulnessofagivensample,

par1cularlyforapplica1onsthatmaynothavebeenconsidered.



I.  Ra:onaleforsamplemanagement:

Howwillsamplesandsampleinforma1onbeproperlymanaged?•  AsamplemanagementprotocolispresentedforRockOutcrop

samples.•  Samplesenteringthelabworkflowwillfollowtheprotocolsfor•  Samplecollec1onanddocumenta1on•  Sampleprocessing(preparingforandperforminganalysis)•  Samplemanagement(storing,trackingandarchiving)



II.ProtocolforSampleManagementAllsamplesinthelabaremanagedwithansimpleac1vitycode.Ac:vityCodes:1.  Cut2.  Examine3.  Analyze4.  Store5.  Archive6.  Teaching7.  Out

Ac1vitycodingforprocessedsamplescanbetrackedontheIGSNQRcodeprintoutstoredwiththehandsample.



II.ProtocolforSampleManagement

Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Cut:SamplesareintheprocessofbeingregisteredwithIGSN’s

andcuttopreparethinsec1onsorothersubsamples.Thisincludessampleswithslabsbeingscannedoranysamplenotyethavingathinsec1on.



Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Examine:Samplesnowhaveatleastonethinsec1onprepared

andarebeingexaminedpetrographicallybuthavenothadanyanalysesperformed.•  Thesesamplesexistas(1)thecutpiecesofthehand

sampleorcore,plus(2)athinsec1on(s)storedinlabthinsec1onboxeswiththeircollectedbatch.


RR14-12a


Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Analyze:Sampleshaveatleastonethinsec1onpreparedand

arebeingorhavebeenanalyzedbygeochemicaltechniques(e.g.electronmicroprobe,SEM,LA-ICPMS).


•  Polishedthinsec1onsmaybecarboncoatedandshouldbestoredwithotherAnalyzeSamplesthataretobebroughttotheexternallab.

•  Analyzesamplesmaybearrangedbysuitebutareseparatedfromthefullsuitesatthisstageforanalysis


Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Store:WorkisconsideredcompleteonStoresamples.•  Thinsec1onsarecompiledforthecompletesuite,including

sec1onsthatwereanalyzed.•  Thesamplematerialisinventoriedandcondensedinthe

labeleddrawersinthestoragecabinets.•  Storageisconsideredlong-termun1larchivingisnecessary

becauseofspaceissues.



Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Archivesamplesaretobeboxedandmovedfromstorage

cabinetstoalongtermloca1on.•  Thesesamplesarecollec1onsmanagedbythelocal

department.ThePIisnolongerac1velydoingresearch.•  Archivesamplesshallberemainlabeledandbaggedjustas

Storesamplesare,butwillbeboxedassuites.•  Boxedsuitesshouldincludeasampleinventorylistand

printedsheetofIGSNQRcodes.



Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Teachingsamplesaretreatedandstoredseparatelyfromother

samples,inteachingcollec1onsunless•  Thesesamplesarecollec1onsmanagedbythelocal

department.Theyshouldnotbemanagedbyanyonebutinstructors.

•  TeachingsamplesmayservetwopurposesandmayalsobeArchiveorStoresamplesremovedfromtheirrespec1vesuitesandmanagedasTeachingsamples.Inthiscase,specialnotesshouldbemadeintheArchiveorStoresampleinventories.



Ac1vityCodeExplana1ons:•  Outsamplesarenotpresentlyin

thecollec1onsthoughtheyares1llconsideredpartoftheirrespec1vesuites.SamplesmaybesentOutfordifferentreasons,butshouldbe:•  Listedasoutonthewhiteboard

iftheycomefromExamineorAnalyzesuites.

•  NotedonsampleinventorysheetsiftheyareoutfromStoreorArchivesuites.


type of samples module: rock outcropearthcube – isamples sample management training module rock...

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