Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 1

NO. TYPE OF

EXPERIMENT INVOLVING

PRECAUTIONS THAT CAN BE TAKEN

1 Light a. Do the experiment in a dark room to get clear and sharp

image

b. Lens, screen and object must be in line and of same level

c. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter

rule to avoid parallax error

2 Spring a. Make sure the spring is not loaded beyond the elastic limit

(spring return to original length when load is taken off)

b. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of meter

rule to avoid parallax error

3 Electric / Electronic a. Make sure all the connections are correctly and tightly

b. Switch off the circuit after taking the reading to avoid over

heating of the wires (resistance increase)

c. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of

ammeter / voltmeter to avoid parallax error

4 Heat a. Stirred the liquid constantly, so the temperature rises evenly

b. Aluminium block must be wrapped with insulating material to

prevent heat lost

c. Thermometer bulb should be smeared with oil to give better

thermal contact with the block

d. Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of

thermometer to avoid parallax error

5 Measuring instrument such as ammeter, voltmeter, meter rule etc.

Make sure our eyes perpendicular to the reading of

......................... (instrument) to avoid parallax error

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 2

1. Graph of R against

1

I in Diagram 1 shows the results of the experiment to determine the electromotive force, E and

the internal resistance, r of a battery. (a) Based on the graph in Diagram 1, (i) What happen when R increase?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the value of the internal resistance, r when the value of

1

I= 0.0 A-1.

[2 marks]

(b) Determine the gradient of the graph.

[3 marks]

(c) The equation to find the electromotive force, E of the battery is given by the equation ,

E = IR + Ir Based on your answer in (b), determine the electromotive force, E of the battery.

[2 marks]

(d) By using graph in Diagram 1, what is the current flow, when R = 5.5 Ω.

[3 marks]

(e) State one precaution that should be taken during this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]

TOTAL 12 MARKS

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 3

Diagram 1

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 4

2. A student caries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the sinus angle of incidence, I and the sinus angle of refraction, r of glass block. The results of this experiment are shown in the graph of sin I against sin r in Diagram 2.

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram 2, (i) State the relationship between sin i and sin r.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the value of I when sin r = 0.4. Show on the graph, how you determine the value of i.

i = ………………………………………..

[3 marks]

(iii) Calculate the gradient, m of the graph. Show on the graph, how you calculate m.

m = …………………………………

[3 marks]

(b) The refractive index, n of the glass block is given by the formula n = m, where m is the gradient of the

gradient of the graph. Determine the value of n.

n = …………………………

[2 marks]

(c) The relationship between the refractive index, n of the glass block and the speed of light in medium, v is :

cn

v

Using the answer in 2 (b), calculate the speed of light in medium, v if the speed of light in vacuum,

c = 3 x 108 ms-1

v = ………………………………

[2 marks]

(d) State one precaution that should be taken during this experiment. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]

TOTAL 12 MARKS

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 5

Diagram 2

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 6

PLANNING EXPERIMENT INFERENCE RV depends on MV

HYPHOTESIS MV increase, RV increase OR

MV increase, RV decrease

AIM To investigate the relationship between ……….MV……….. and ……….RV…………….

VARIABLES MV : RV : FV :

LIST OF APPARATUS

ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS

PROCEDURE

TABULATE DATA

MV RV

ANALYSING DATA

RV

MV

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 7

INERTIA: Time taken for one complete oscillation // Period

PRESSURE IN LIQUID: Different height in manometer

VOLUME OF GAS: Length of mercury or sulfuric acid // Length of trapped air

STRENGTH OF ELECTROMAGNET: Number of pins attracted

SPEED OF ROTATION: Height of magnet bar released

BRIGHTER: Current flow

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 8

Experiment based on instrument: NO. INSTRUMENTS EXPERIMENT

Pendulum Simple pendulum

Hacksaw blade Inertia

Slotted weight, spring Hooke’s law

Ticker tape F=ma

Marble, lead shot, measuring cylinder Buoyant force

Eureka can Buoyant force

Syringe Boyle's law

Round bottom flask, bourdon gauge Pressure law

Sulphuric acid Charles' law

Beaker, pin real +apparent depth

Glass block, ray box refraction of light

Mirror, ray box reflection of light

Speakers, sound generator Interference of sound

Pins, solenoid strength of electromagnet

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 9

TASK 1

Diagram 1.1 shows a diver is diving in swimming pool. Diagram 1.2 shows the same diver is diving in sea water. He dives at the same depth, but he feels his ear sick when he diving in the sea water.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

CLUE CAUSE

(MV) EFFECT

(RV) EXPERIMENT

1. Swimming pool & sea water 2. Different density (ear sick) 3. Pressure increase 4. Same depth Density

Pressure (different height in

manometer)

PRESSURE IN LIQUID

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 10

TASK 2

Diagram 2 shows two similar coffee maker A and B, containing different amount of coffee on similar hot plates stove. The coffee makers are heated by turning on the power supply of the hot plate. After few minutes, it was observed that the coffee in coffee maker B is hotter than the coffee in coffee maker A.

Diagram 2

CLUE CAUSE

(MV) EFFECT

(RV) EXPERIMENT

1. Two similar coffee 2. Different amount of 3. Similar hot plates stove

Mass Change of

temperature

HEAT

( Q mc )

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 11

TASK 3

Diagram 3.1 shows Amin points the laser to the plane mirror and sees the reflected ray at point A. In Diagram 3.2, he points the laser with different angle and sees the reflected ray at point B.

Diagram 3.1 Diagram 3.2

CLUE CAUSE

(MV) EFFECT

(RV) EXPERIMENT

1. Same plane mirror 2. Different incident angle, different

reflected angle

Incidence angle Reflected angle REFLECTION OF

LIGHT

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 12

TASK 4

Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show water is drop at constant rate into large containers. The cross–section of the water waves formed from the droplets in the containers are shown in the diagrams.

Diagram 4.1 Diagram 4.2

CLUE CAUSE

(MV) EFFECT

(RV) EXPERIMENT

1. Water is drop at constant rate. 2. Diagram 4.2 – deeper 3. Diagram 4.1 – shallow 4. Depth increase, wavelength

increase

Depth Wavelenght REFRACTION OF

WAVE

Immersion TGB + MUAR + AG = A++++ 13

TASK 5

Diagram 5.1 shows a bicycle’s dynamo which has a magnet and a coil of insulated copper wire. The output of the dynamo is connected to a bicycle lamp. The lamp will light up when the cylindrical magnet is rotated by turning the wheel. Diagram 5.2 shows the light gets brighter when the wheel turns faster.

Diagram 5.1 Diagram 5.2

CLUE CAUSE

(MV) EFFECT

(RV) EXPERIMENT

1. Dynamo (electromagnetic induction)

2. Wheel turns faster, light gets brighter

3. Turns faster (increase in rotation) height of magnet bar release

4. Brighter current

Height of magnet bar release

Induced Current ELECTROMAGNETIC

INDUCTION