CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

Type 0,1,2,3 and mixedInversionConditional expressions other than if.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2 – IF PAST TENSE / WOULD + INFINITIVE

Who would you save if you were in this situation?

hypothetica

l situation

Ana Maria Coelho 2010

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0IF PRESENT SIMPLE/IMPERATIVE OR PRESENT

If you believe in tolerance, act accordingly.

always true situation

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1IF PRESENT TENSE / FUTURE

If you treat people with kindness and respect, they will return the favour.

real

possibility

Ana Maria Coelho 2010

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3IF PAST PERFECT / CONDITIONAL PERFECT

If the natives hadn’t helped the colonists, they wouldn’t have survived.

unreal

possibilit

y

CONDITIONAL MIXED TYPEIF PAST PERFECT / CONDITIONAL

If the natives hadn’t helped them,the USA wouldn’t exist.

unreal past

action with

present result

CONDITIONAL MIXED TYPEIF PAST SIMPLE / CONDITIONAL PERFECT

If I knew you were coming, I would have baked a cake.

unreal

possibilit

y

CONDITIONAL WITHOUT IF… INVERSION

Had they not been helped, the USA wouldn’t exist.

= if they hadn’t been helped,…

• Should you need any help, call me.• = If you need any help, …

• Were we to settle here, would you help us?

• = If we settled here, would you…

Real present / future Should… If you see him again, walk the other way.

Unreal present or future Were …to + If I were to leave my job, I would tell you.

Unreal past Had…. If they had foreseen the consequences,

they wouldn’t have given permission.

If the Indians had predicted the future, they wouldn’t have been so kind.

Had … If you want to change the world, you

should start by yourself. Should... If we celebrated Thanksgiving, what

would you bring? Were... If it were not for you, I wouldn’t be

here. Were...

they predicted…

you want to change…

we to celebrate Thanksgiving…

it not for you, I…

If I were you,  I wouldn't get involved.

If I had known that, I would have said something.

If you should come early, give me a call!

CONDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS OTHER THAN IF

Immigrants are welcome provided (that) they respect the law.

=immigrants are welcome if… Immigrants are welcome as long

as… Immigrants are welcome on

condition…

You won’t be deported if you don’t break the law.

You won’t be deported unless…you break the law.

HOMEWORK EXAMPLES Type 0 - e. ‘If someone discriminates

against another person, this is a Human Rights violation.

Type 1 d. 'If we are tolerant, there will be fewer conflicts.'

Type 2 a. ‘If he wasn’t so self-conceited, he would be easily accepted in the group!'

Type 3 b. 'If they hadn’t insulted us, we wouldn’t have reacted!’

Mixed type c. 'If he hadn’t been bullied, he would be a better person now!'

MATCHING

C . . . there wouldn’t have been so many deaths.

B . . . someone can get killed. A . . . the disrespect for minorities would

be even greater. E . . . the UNICEF would be the logical

choice. D . . . there will be no winners, only

losers.

GAP-FILLING EXERCISE

Obama __________________ (never visit) Portugal if

the NATO conference hadn’t taken place here,

If Hilary arrives late, she ..........................................

(miss) the opening ceremony.

If she ......................................................... (take) an

earlier flight, she would be here on time.

I wouldn't have come if I .......................................

(know) about the entrance fee.

GAP-FILLING If they offered you a free ticket,

……………………………… (you/accept) it? If I had a million dollars,

I ............................. (donate) 10% to a charity.

If you want to make a donation, …………….. (click) on the right.

If you have a compassionate heart, you ………………… (aid) everyone without expecting any return.

REPHRASING If you decide to change your behavior,

tell me. Should… If you would like to organize a

demonstration, you must ask local authorities for permission. Were…

I didn’t know about this catastrophe. Otherwise, I would have helped.

Had…

Ana Maria Coelho 2010

Without you, I would have given up years ago. Had it not…

Don’t take that mission if you don’t really want it.

Don’t take that mission unless… Without your help, I would never have

achieved my goals. If… Without your help, I would never have

achieved my goals. Had you not…

If you stand here by my side, I’ll manage to do it.

I’ll manage to do it as long as… African people will never prosper if

corruption isn’t banned. African people will never prosper

unless… Economic growth is possible if more

funds are invested in productive industries. Providing that…