tx history-ch-7.4
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 7: Conflicts of Empire
Section 4: Spanish Rule Ends in Mexico
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Bellwork
Describe some of the efforts made to make Mexico/Texas
independent of Spain
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Mexico Wins Independence
• José María Morelos y Pavón will lead fight for Mexican independence after t he death of Father Hidalgo
• 1820: Captured & killedJosé María Morelos y
Pavón
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Mexico Wins Independence
•1820: Political changes in Spain weakened the government
•Rebellion is relaunched
•Military officer Agustín de Iturbide & rebels led by Vicente Guerrero join forces
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Mexico Wins Independence
•1821: Spanish army defeated; Mexican independence won
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Mexico Wins Independence
•Agustín de Iturbide: declares himself the first ruler of independent Mexico Agustín de Iturbide
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Mexico Wins Independence
•Iturbide proved to be an unpopular leader
•Forced from power
•Mexico declared a republic
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Tejano Ranchers
•Several thousand people lived around the lower Rio Grande
•Lush grasslands turned the Rio Grande into a major ranching area
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Tejano Ranchers
•Martín de León: successful rancher and early Texas trail driver
Martín de León
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Tejano Ranchers
•Wealthy Tejanos lived in houses that resembled forts
•Others lived in jacales—small one room huts made of sticks and mud
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Mexican Policies in Texas
•Spain had began to secularize the missions
•Secularize—the process of moving from religious to civil control
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Mexican Policies in Texas
• San Antonio de Valero: first mission to be secularized
• 1821-1825: Housed the Flying company of San José y Santiago del Alamo de Parras
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Mexican Policies in Texas
•Mexico continued the process of secularizing missions
•1832: all mission secularized
•Mission lands and buildings placed under local control
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Mexican Policies in Texas
• Mexico had to develop a new policy for settling and governing Texas
• Texas population to small—offered free land
• Spain had opened Texas to U.S. immigration—Mexico will have to decide whether or not to continue this policy