TwoMillionYearsofArtinHumanEvolution

JamesHarrod,Ph.D.AdjunctInstructorinArtHistory,MaineCollegeofArt,Portland,Maine

Director,CenterforResearchontheOriginsofArtandReligionoriginsnet.org(pleistocenecoalition.com)

AH224PaleolithicArt,Spring2012

UpperPaleolithic/LaterStoneAgePalaeoart

Meme#4UpperPaleolithic/LSA:Mythic III Shamanic,‘Laurasian’(M.Witzel)

6WorldsShamanism(SoulJourney,SoulRetrieval),Mother‐of‐Animals,Master‐of‐AnimalsCave/watersasemergenceplace;UP(E)arraysoffemaleandmalespiritualtransformations

Upper(MilkyWayStar)WorldLife‐GiverDeath‐Giver

2UpperWorlds(skyworldcelestials&starworld)

(GreatSpirit,tutelaryspirit)

creatorbeingsspiritsofthedeaddreamintobeingreturn‐to‐homelandscape,alldormant,incubatinglifeformspre‐emergenceinterconnected‘negativecapability’usingsacredpower(inversepower)

2MiddleWorlds(thisworld&parallel,ghostworlds)

waterholequicksand(generativity)(vortex,abyss)

2LowerWorlds(undergroundworld&waterworld)

(spiritanimals)

DIVINATION:

UP(E)GEOMETRICSIGNS

UpperPaleolithic(European)FemaleandMale

SpiritualTransformationProcesses

UpperPaleolithic(European)Grapho‐SemanticHypothesisJamesHarrod(2004online)

UpperPaleolithic(European)6MaleSpiritualTransformationProcesses

MaleType#1:TheVulnerableManTheWoundedMan

AB"Centerandcleavetoirruptingspiritenergies!”“Centerinwardandreturntoyourcore‐seed‐essence,restingonthelapofyourlife,reconciled,vulnerabletobewoundedbylife,openyourhearttolife,astodeath,touchedasbyflutteringwings,doubled,abundant!"

BA"Cleaveandcenter!”“Hunted,speared,wounded,self‐penetrated,flayed,sacrificingandofferingyourselftoyourself,inyourseparatenessrelatedtoyourself,takinginyourwounds,self‐impregnatingyourself,benourishedinthewomb‐spaciousnessofwhoyouare!”

MaleSpiritualTransformationType#1:‘VulnerableMan’L:Bruniquel,‘phallus’‘withsubincision?’

R:LaugerieHaute,‘vulvi’or‘phalli’(?)orboth(?)(also‘mammoth’?),engraved,limestoneblocks,Perigordian,

Lifphallus,with6cupules(?),Rifphallus,incisedwithstraightverticalline

Survival:AttisMythAttiscontemplatingself‐castrationasCupidfleesinhorror.Pompei,100AD.

AndersonW&HicksC.1990.GreenMan:Thearchetypeofouronenesswiththeearth:fig24

MaleSpiritualTransformationType#1:‘WoundedMan’Ltop:Cougnac,‘WoundedMan’(Leroi‐GourhanA.1982.TheDawnofEuropeanArt:fig102)

Lbottom:Cougnac,‘SpearedMan’inmegaceros,smallcervid,ibex. (SievekingA.1979.TheCaveArtists:plVIII)R:PechMerle,‘WoundedMan’(Leroi‐GourhanA.1982.TheDawnofEuropeanArt:fig106)

MaleSpiritualTransformationType#1:‘WoundedMan’L:Cosquer,‘KilledMan’(ClottesJ&CourtinJ.1994.TheCaveBeneaththeSea:PaleolithicImagesatCosquer:fig157)

SurvivalorPrecursor‘SpearedKangarooMan’,GumTreeValley,Dampier,WesternAustralia

(A)originalpetroglyph;(B)re‐engravedinformofconventionalman(LorblanchetM.1986.CommentonMarshack.RockArtResearch

3,1:fig.3)ComparetoWilgieMiaOchreMinefromatleast27ka,WeldRange(JBH);thespiritbeingMondongspearedredkangaroo(Marlu)man;hisbloodgaverisetotheredochre,hisliver,yellow,andhisgall,green

(FloodJ.1983.ArchaeologyoftheDreamtime:250)

Similarmotif,California,taleofCoyote‐Deer,whosedeathcreatestheredofredochre,theearthandalllivingthings.

SurvivalsSt.Sebastian,Mantegna,ca.1457/59.martyr,healsplague

KunsthistorichesVienna

SurvivalsPuncturedChristRisenfromTomb,‘Pity’Mural,St.AndrewChurch,UK

words'EcceHomo’aboveChrist’shead,St.AndrewChurch,Wellingham,Norfolk,UK.source:online

SurvivalsShamanharpooninghimself,‘capturesessenceofshaman’ssubmissiontoahigherorderofknowing’

(HalifaxJ.1982.Shaman:theWoundedHealer:4)

MaleType#2:MasterofAnimalsTheIthyphallicMan

AC "Center and unfold!” “Return to the ancestors, your male progenitors, gathering the spirits of all sentient beings, who have sustained us, back into the sacred circle, our generative-source and origin, and then with your destiny, release them, reborn, trembling with new life!

CA ”Unfold and center!” “Rise and grow into your destiny, trembling with the earth, as it happens, trembling through you, in your sway, and possess your ancestral origins, your generative source, centered in phallic life energy!”

MaleSpiritualTransformationType#2:‘MasterofAnimals/IthyphallicMan’L:LesTroisFrères,Sanctuary,‘TheSorcerer’(Leroi‐GourhanA.1982TreasuresofPrehistoricArt:fig.57.)

‘SetinhighestandmostinaccessiblespotintheSanctuary,combinesman,cervid,horse,allmalesymbols'

Rtop:‘TheSorcerer’.(Leroi‐GourhanA.1982.TheDawnofEuropeanArt:fig19afterAbbéBreuil)Rbottom:Animalsbelow‘TheSorcerer’.Horse,3smallbears,wolfhead,withersofbison(BreuilH.FourHundredCenturies:fig132)

MaleSpiritualTransformationType#2:‘MasterofAnimals/IthyphallicMan’L:LesTroisFrères,Sanctuary,‘TheBison‐Man’(BreuilH.FourHundredCenturies:fig133)

C:LesTroisFrères,Sanctuary,sectionofpanel,animalswith‘manwithmusicalboworpipe’(Leroi‐GourhanA.1982.TheDawnofEuropeanArt:fig20afterAbbéBreuil)

R:LesTroisFrères,Sanctuary,animalswithanimalmaskmandancing(MarshackA.1991.TheRootsofCivilization:fig.150c,afterBreuil)

L:‘Bison‐Man’,LeGabillou,Dordogne,indeepestgroupofengravings(Leroi‐GourhanA.1967.TreasuresofPrehistoricArt:fig.58)

R:‘Bison‐Man’,tracing(ClottesJ,CourtinJ.1996.TheCavebeneaththeSea:fig.168,tracing)

SurvivalsL:Seated‘LordofAnimals’,buffalohorncrown,rhinobuffaloelephanttiger,Mohenjo‐Daro

R:Male‘PlantManinLingam’,Harrapa,IndusCivilization,3rdmilleniaBCENosource

SurvivalsL:Hermes.Greekvasepainting.(HamiltonCollection.CGJungAlchemy)

R:Cernunnos.GundestrupCauldron.Nosource

Survivals‘Stag,reindeer,deer—messengerofthedivine,theshaman’s

meansofmagicaltransportbetweenearthandheaven,symbolofregenerationandgrowth’

L:Tungusshamansings,dancesdrums(HalifaxJ.1982.Shaman:TheWoundedHealer:82)

R:MaskedMongolholyman,seenonImperialProgressthroughCentralAsiabyTsarNicholasII(1868‐1918)

(HalifaxJ.1982.Shaman:TheWoundedHealer:83)

SurvivalsL:Figure,fromtombatCh’an‐sha,Hunan,’representsshaman,extrudingtongue:prayerforrain,teaching

ofwisdom,communicationwithspiritrealms’(HalifaxJ.1982.Shaman:TheWoundedHealer:82)

R:Deermask,MississippianSouthernCult,SpiroMound,Oklahoma,ca.AD1200carvedcedarwoodwithshellinlay(MuseumoftheAmericanIndian,HeyeFoundation,NewYork)

(HalifaxJ.1982.Shaman:TheWoundedHealer:83)

MaleType#3:MasterofWaters

MasterofVesselsofWater

AD "Center and flow!” “Circle back, return to your core self and fight the demons who constrict the flow, and release the waters of life, to stream forth in creative flow!"

DA "Flow and center!” “Dissolve yourself and all fixations, swimming with undulating life in streaming waters, and center and find yourself, concentrated, in the vessel of purifying waters where you possess who you are!”

Lascaux,Rotunda,‘Unicorn’,17kya(Leroi‐GourhanA.1967.TreasuresofPrehistoricArt:fig.7)

L:Bruniquelbatonphallusfishangles.UpperMagdalenian.(MarshackA.TheRootsofCivilization:fig.198)R:Gorged'Enferbatonchevronsphalli.UpperMagdalenian.MarshackA.TheRootsofCivilization:fig.199a/

b)

SurvivalsL:HeraklesandIolausfighttheHydraDaunianstela7thcenturyBCE.(BurkertW.StructureofGreekMyth:fig.7)

C:VishnuinfishformMatsyafightingagainsttheFlood.(WikiipediaCommons)

R:VishnuasfishMatsyakillsHayagrivaandsaveshumankindfromdeluge.9thcenturyBCE.(JohnsonB.LadyoftheBeasts:fig.285)

SurvivalsTheSpiritMercurius.3‐HeadedSpiritMercuriusasMonstrousDragon,

combinesLuna,Sol,CorvinusandTaurusinhouseofVenus.(CGJung.CollectedWorks,Vol.XX,AlchemicalStudies:Frontispiece)

MaleType#4:TheDyingandRisingGod

TheBird/BisonMan

BC “Cleave and unfold!” ”Cleave to irrupting spirit energies, sacrificed, gored, torn apart, dismembered, and be restored to life with both ascending spirit-animal and phallic energy and/or descending to the lower world winning and bringing back up the blossoming branch of life!”

CB “Unfold and cleave!” ”Change and shape with trembling your destiny, unfurling its wings, your soaring spirit, and cleave to irrupting spirit-animal energy, the gravity of it, and divided and open, feel the creative tension, the oscillating energies between earth and sky!”

‘Y’‐sign+possibly‘Branch’‐signs’‘4treesand9humanoidfigureswithspearsorsticksovershoulder(orstruckthrough)

inprocessiontowardoversizebison;4setsmadewith4differentpointsasthoughatfourdifferenttimes’Engravedbone.LesEyzies,Dordogne,France,UpperMagdalenian

(MicroscopicanalysisandlinerenditionbyMarshack.MarshackA.1991.TheRootsofCivilization:fig94b)

RitualProcessDepiction–LesEyzies,France

‘Y’‐sign+‘Branch’‐signs‘Bisonheadandspine,2detachedfrontlegs,7humanoidfigures,

forkandbranchsigns,blade‐likeshapesand2setsofenclosednotches’Engravedbone.Raymonden,Dordogne,France,UpperMagdalenian

(MicroscopicanalysisandlinerenditionbyMarshack.MarshackA.1991.TheRootsofCivilization:fig96b)

RitualProcessDepiction–Raymonden,France

L:‘Shaman’,birdstick,‘sign’,‘wounded’bison,rhino,6dots,Lascaux,Shaft.17kyaR:Youthwithbirdsticks,Mongolia,4thCenturyB.C.

Top:‘BisonandMan’,strokemarkonbison,engravedbaton,obversehorse,Laugerie‐BasseShelter,Dordogne

(‘bisonandmanthrowntotheground’,Leroi‐GourhanA.1967.TreasuresofPrehistoricArt:fig.439)

Bottom:‘BisonandMan’,Villars(Leroi‐GourhanA.1967.TreasuresofPrehistoricArt:fig.358)

SurvivalTheResurrectionofChrist,PierodellaFrancesca,1463

(PinacotecaCivica,Sansepolcro,Italy)

SurvivalResurrection,St.Sebastian,andAscensionTriptych,HansMemling,ca.1490,Louvre

SurvivalAdamasprimamateriapiercedbyarrowofMercuriusphallicPhilosopher’sTree(Miscellanead'alchemia.14thcenturymanuscript.Philosopher'sTree.CGJung.CollectedWorks,Vol.12:fig131)

MaleType#5:HorseSacrificeInitiationWingedSerpentInitiation

BD “Cleave and flow!” ”Suffer dismemberment, emasculating, anguish, and grieving the saturnine devourer, inertia like death, feel surging male spirit energy flowing down through you like shining youth, swift-flowing wind in the mane, generative rain, flow of your life and the outpouring of your dissemination!”

DB "Flow and cleave!” “Let go storm raging, flooding, destructive, all-devouring, punitive demons, the outcry, and mortified, die to them, in this separate place in which you stand, feeling the surge of spirit energy, winged and serpentine, touched with empathy and awe.

ReadingUpperPaleolithic(European)LaVache,FinalMagdalenian,pairedbi‐lineandchevronsoneaglebone(MarshackA1991.TheRootsofCivilizationfig154)

TheLaVacheengravingsays:

“Separate,distinguishyourotherhalf,yourhigherpower,cleavingtoirruptingspiritstallionenergy,feelyourgestatinginnerabundance!andthenflowwithself‐movingspiritenergy,wind‐like,stallion‐like,radiant

withlight!Thisisthespiritstallionspeaking.”

Altamira,horsewith‘Bi‐line’‐signand‘Tri‐lineMeander’‐sign

Survivals

LifeofJesusChrist–areversetransform‘Water’‐sign‘X’‐signR:BaptismofChrist,FrancescoAlbani,1600s.Source:onlineWikipediaCommons

L:TheHolyTrinity,Botticelli,1493.Source:onlineWikipediaCommons

Survivals

CrucifixionandtheBrazenSerpent–reverse/forwardtransform‘Serpent’‐sign‘X’‐signIllumination,FarneseHours,GiulioClovio,1546.Source:onlineWikipediaCommons

Survivals

BrazenSerpentandCrucixion–reversetransform‘Serpent’‐sign‘X’‐signStainedglasswindow,CologneCathedral.Source:onlineCologneCathedral

MaleType#6:EnergyStreamManEarthDiverGod‐Hero

CD “Unfold and flow!” "Emptied of dead growth, loosen rigidity and flow; unfurl the shape of your destiny, and in spring thaw, pulsing with warm sap, dance exuberant to the spirit spiraling of your life!”

DC "Flow and unfold!” “Dive deep into the chaotic ocean depths, the abyss of your life, to find the undulating spirit movements of your life, and emerge to witness spirit healings, herb and blossom of your life’s striving!”

ReadingUpperPaleolithic(European)Lorthettri‐lineandbranch,serpentandbirdsandnewlyhatchedchicks(MarshackA1991.TheRootsofCivilizationfig109a,b)

TheLorthetengravingsays:

"Breakoutofyourshell,hatch,beborn,newlyalive,strivingtotakeshape,branchout,blossom,ramifywithspringthawlife!andthenfollowtheundulatingself‐movementoflife,wiseinthewaysofdanger,filledwith

theanimatingspiritoflifeinallthreerealms(upper,middleandlower)!"

ReadingUpperPaleolithic(European)L:Masd’Azilzigzagsandbranchtree.(Chollot‐VaragnacM.46.609).

"Emergenewborn,letyourlifeunfold,branch,blossom!andthenflow,lettingyourlifestreamforthlikespringthawwaters,feelingtherisingsap,greenjuice,withinandwithinalllivingthings,veriditas!"

‘Sorcerer’,Lascaux

SurvivalsL:TheGreenManofHastings

R:GreenMan.Dijon,France

SurvivalsL:DionysusEscapingthePirates

R:JainTirthankara

SurvivalsKhidr,Islam