twin bridges strand replacement and rehabilitation...-- fsdclforces on strand clamps-- traffic...
TRANSCRIPT
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Twin Bridges Strand Replacement and RehabilitationRehabilitation
Tom Hoffman, P.ER-1 Structures Engineer
Contractor: Piasecki Steel Construction CorpEngineering Consultant: WSP-Sells
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•Built in 1958- Strands are Original Construction
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Background Data
O i i l C t ti Bid $4 959 515 00•Original Construction Bid was $4,959,515.00
•(2008 price ~ $42,000,000)( p )
•Main Span Length = 600’
•Total Bridge Length = 779’
T t l S 7•Total Spans = 7
•Condition Rating = 3.625g
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Background Data
Each Bridge has 21 floorbeamsEach Bridge has 21 floorbeamsSpaced at 25’ Centers
4 2” Di B id St d Fl b4 – 2” Dia. Bridge Strands per Floorbeam
Total of 168 Strands
Each Strand is Made up of 97 Wires
F.S. (original = 3.55, 2.6 as inspected in 2007)
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• 104,000 Vehicles per Day• Limited Lane Closure Windows• Narrow Shoulders
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Design Parameters and Early Considerations
Work Could not Disrupt “Rush Hour” Traffic
Closures only Late at Night (10 min from 12 5a m )Closures only Late at Night (10 min from 12-5a.m.)
Crossovers for Nighttime Work were Considered
A Support Method Would be Provided in the Plans
No Live Loads for Tensioning Operations, Measuring o e oads o e s o g Ope at o s, easu gProfiles, Jacking and other Operations
Budgeted at $10,000,000
Necessary Steel and Paint Associated with Strands
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Floorbeam Connection(Top Flange not Shown)(Top Flange not Shown)
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Multiple Support Schemes Investigated
Initial Regional Preference was to Replace O f T Fl b St d t TiOne of Two Floorbeam Strands at a Time, Relying on One Strand to Support the Floorbeam(Design Determined This Was Not Prudent)
Sells Developed Alternate SchemesSells Developed Alternate Schemes
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Structural Lifting Item 585.xxP t P id d t All C t t t D l Lift PlParameters Provided to Allow Contractors to Develop own Lift Plan –Special Notes in Proposal
All bl D fl ti d Diff ti l D fl ti (A id D k C ki )-- Allowable Deflections and Differential Deflections (Avoid Deck Cracking)-- Minimum Loading under Various Scenarios-- Maximum Jacking Forces on Floor Beams
F S d Cl-- Forces on Strand Clamps-- Traffic Restrictions-- Value Engineering Change Proposals (VECP) Needed for Traffic Pattern
ChangesChanges
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Site AccessSite Access is a Key
Factor for ProductionProduction
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Avoiding TrippingTripping Hazards
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As requested, strand breakage:
9-11-08 9-15-08 9-18-08 9-25-08 9-29-08 10-2-08 10 6 0810-6-08
N / S N / S N / S N / S N / S N / S N / S 1) SBE, PP 22 30 / 13 NC NC Supported Supported Supported ) pp pp ppSupported 2) NBE, PP 2 0 / 38 Supported Supported Supported Completed Completed Completed 3) SBW PP 2 3 / 25 NC @ NC NC NC Supported3) SBW, PP 2 3 / 25 NC @ NC NC NC Supported Supported 4) NBE, PP 21 0 / 30 NC Supported Supported Completed Completed Completed 5) SBE, PP 2 ** 18 / 0 NC NC 19 / 0 ^ NC Supported 6) SBE, PP 4 ** 19 / 0 NC NC NC NC NCNC 7) NBW, PP 3 ** ** 12 / 17 NC NC NC NC 8) NBE, PP 22 ** ** 16 / 0 NC NC NC NCNC 9) NBE, PP 3 ** ** 15 / 0 NC NC NC Supported
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Jacks Tension Rods and Lift FloorbeamFloorbeam
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What They’re Supposed to Look Like!Like!
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Additional Work
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Yellow Flag for Stringer Cracks
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Finite ElementModel withwith Stiffening Plates
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Lessons for a Local Bridge Owner (or what I learned on my excellent trip to Syracuse):
• Floorbeams Spaced Greater Than 12’ are Considered “Fracture Critical”, and Require Special Steel Testing and Certification
• Using a Strongback Beam is an Effective Way to Stage or Repair a Through-Girder Bridge, or Trussor Truss
• Wire Diameters May Vary or be Uniform Throughout the Cross Section of a BridgeThroughout the Cross Section of a Bridge Strand
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Lessons for a Local Bridge Owner (continued):
• Keep Costs Down by Allowing Flexibility inKeep Costs Down by Allowing Flexibility in Construction
• Red Flags Require Attention Within 6 Weeks g qof Discovery
• Don’t be Distracted by the Worst Looking y gFeatures, Other Problems May Need Addressing
• Painting and Cleaning are Essential for Longevity of the Structure