tvc - eindhoven university of technology

65

Upload: others

Post on 13-Nov-2021

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�������������� ������� ������������������� �� �!�#"$�%�&������('(�)�� ��*�+���-,/.102 ��#�"3 ��4�

57698:6<;46>=@?�?)ACB�DEGF3H�IKJML 6 L%N

F 5!O�P QSR�TVUSACU

5!W4X�TZYS[!ACU]\^Y_UZ`X�YS\^ab6�c4YV6�AdYV6 H 61efYSQSUc4YV6�AdYV64gh6>ij6 F 6 E \�[^TVB�c4TZTZY_c

I ACB�c)R4\k[^TVBl=mB�Ad[^TZY#USAdQonp\^a H TVO#R�B4\rqd\^s^nt�u OZW�qdQvnw\^a E Ad\rxyTVc)ACO u q I B�srACB4TZTZY_ACB�s

Page 2: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � ���������

H R4T�R�T u YSQfACU u R4\rqCqd\ � x W�USOZW�q u YG\^Y_s u BlQSR u Q@X)W�xyX)U/?1qd\+\!c QSR4YS\rW�srRwQSR4T�[ u USOZW�q u Y@U]n�USQ]TVx a\^YfQ]Y u B�U]PX�\^YSQm\^a \��!n�s^TVB u B�c B�W4Q]Y_AdTVB+QSUmQ]\ QSR�T QSA USUSW4T u B�c xyTZQ u ?�\rqCACO�� u U]Q]Tya�Y_\rx QSR�T QSA USUSW4T^6 F u B%n O u Y_c�A u OX u QSR4\rqC\^srAdTVU��T^69s46/ACUSO#R4TVx�A u�� c)ACU]QSW4YS?�TVc O&\rB�c�W)O&QSAd\rB�� u YSTjYST���TVO&Q]TVc3A B u ?)B4\^Y_x u q c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�U�\^ahQSR�TO u Y_c�A u O�� u qCq 6 8 R�ACqCT O u Y#c�A u Owc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB O u B ?�T u USU]TVUSU]TVc OZqCACB�ACO u q qdn��fAdQSR F u srB4TZQSACO��fTVU]\rB u B�O&THhu s^srACB4s�� F � H � � Q]Y u B)USq u QSAd\rBy\^a u ?)B�\^Y_x u q4QSACU_USW4T�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB ACB%Q]\ QSR4TfW�B�c�TZY_qdn!ACB4smX u QSR4\rqd\^s^nyACU*B�\^QU]Q]Y u ACsrR%Q]a\^Y�� u Y_c 6Ge x u QSR4TVx u QSA O u q xy\!c4TVq \^a*O u Y#c�A u O x�TVO_R u B�A OZUfO&\rW�qCc3?�T u W�USTZaW�q2c�A u srB4\rU]QSA O�Q]\+\rq 6� B QSR4T�X�YSTVU]TVB+QGU]QSW�c4n � � Y_U]Q/QSR4T�O u X u ?)A qCAdQon \^a \rW4Y�x u QSR4TVx u QSACO u q x�\�c4TVq � Q]\yX)YSTVc�ACO&Q/QSR4T�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rB\^a u R4T u qdQSR+nwR+W�x u BwR4T u YSQ�QSR4Y_\rW4srR4\rW4Q u O u Y_c)A u O�O&n!OZqdT � � u UfACB+[^TVU]QSAds u Q]TVc 6

! TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�U � YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc ACB qCAdQ]TZY u QSW4Y_T � � TZYST@ACB)O&\rB�USACU]Q]TVB)O&T"�fAdQSRyT u O#R \^QSR4TZY � QSR u Q QSR4\^Y_\rW4srR�Q]TVU]Q PACB4sw\^a/QSR4Tpxy\�c�TVq#� u UjACxyX�\rUSUSAd?1qdT^6 H R4TZYSTZa\^YST � � T u USUSTVUSU]TVc � W�USACB4s F � H$� x�ACc%� u qCq�OZACY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u qU]Q]Y u A B��'&)(*(+� � OZACY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u q P Y u c�A u q�USQ]Y u ACB��'&)(*,�� u B�c�Q]\^Y_USAd\rByACB � [^T�USR4\^YSQ P u �4ACU*O&YS\rU_U PoU]TVO&QSAd\rB�U \^a1QSR�TR4T u YSQ@ACB a�\rW�Y�R4T u qdQSR+n U_W4?�-]TVO&QSUZ6

H R4T�QSA xyT O&\rW4Y_USTVU�\^a.&)(/(/X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc3?+n QSR4T xy\!c4TVq USR4\ � TVc u s^YSTZTVxyTVB+Q0�fAdQSRwQSR4T xyT u USW4Y_TVxyTVB%QSUV6! A21�TZYSTVB�O&TVU#� TZYSTGa�\rW)B�c a\^Y.&)(*, u B�c�Q]\^Y_USAC\rB � ACB X u YSQSACOZW�q u Yhc�W�Y_ACB4s@QSR4TGACU]\k[^\rq W�x�ACO O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAd\rByX)R u UST ��fR4TZY_T�QSACxyT�O&\rW4Y_USTVU3� TZY_T u ?�\rW4Q�O&\rB�U]Q u B+Q@ACB QSR�T�T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%Q � ?)W�QG[ u Y_ACTVcwU]Q]YS\rB4srqdn ACB QSR4Tjxy\�c�TVq�6

5!ACB�O&TGAdQ*R u cy?�TZTVB�USR4\ �fByACB�QSR4Tfx�\�c4TVq � QSR u Q*X�Y_TVc�ACO&Q]TVcyc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB ACU [^TZYSnyU]TVB�USACQSAd[^TGQ]\�QSR4TG\^Y_AdPTVB+Q u QSAd\rBw\^ahQSR4T�x n^\ � ?7TZY#UGACB QSR4T�O u Y_c�A u O5� u qCq � ACQ6� u U�ACB+[^TVU]QSAds u Q]TVc��fR4TZQSR4TZY�c�A USO&YSTZX u B�OZACTVU ?�TZQ7� TZTVBX�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc u B)c x�T u USW4YSTVc�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB)U O&\rW�q cj?�T YSTVc�W�O&TVcj?�n u c8-SW�U]QSACB4s@QSR4TGO_R4\rA O&T \^a7x n^\ � ?7TZY \^Y_ACTVB!PQ u QSAd\rB9�@AdQSR�ACB QSR4TGY u B4s^T/YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcyACB qCAdQ]TZY u QSW4YST^6 H R4T/? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� u B�c TVB�c4\!O u Y_c�ACW)x�P Q]\MP TZX)ACO u Y_c)ACW�xO&\rxyX�\rB4TVB+Q�\^a � ?�TZY�\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB:� u Umc4TVUSO&Y_Ad?�TVc ?�npQSR�T R4TVqCA2� u B4srqdT<;>= u B�c3Q]Y u B�U][^TZY#U]T u B4srqdT<;@? � Y_T&PU]X�TVO&QSAd[^TVqdn^6�;>= u B�c�;>?G[ u Y#AdTVc-B4\rB)qCACB4T u Y_qCnla�Y_\rx ACB�B4TZY$� u qCq�Q]\ \rW4Q]TZYA� u qCq�6:B/R u B4s^TVUjACB \C1 U]TZQ u B)cUSqd\^X�TG\^a�QSR4T�Q]Y u B�USx W4Y u q�c�A U]Q]Y_Ad?)W�QSAd\rB�U \^aD;E= u B�c�; ? � TZYST@A B%[^TVU]QSACs u Q]TVc�\rB�QSR�TVAdY*T41�TVO&Q \rB�USQ]Y u ACB�c�W�Y]PACB4sjQSR4T@A U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACOfO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB X1R u U]T^6#F u Y_A u QSAd\rB \^a>;>? X)YSTVc4\rx�ACB u B%QSqdn�ACB �1W4TVB�O&TVcG&5(H,k` u O_R u B4s^TmA B\C1 U]TZQ u 17TVO&Q]TVcwQSR�T�O&\rx xy\rB O_R u B4s^T�A B�&5(H,�a\^Y u q q1USq ACO&TVUI�@R�ACqdT u O#R u B4s^T�ACB USqd\^X�T u 1�TVO&Q]TVcwQSR4T�Y u B�s^TACBJ&)(*,j?�TZQ/� TZTVB QSR4T�U_qCACO&TVUZ6 H \^Y#USAd\rBJ� u U�X�YSTVc4\rx ACB u B+QSqdn u 17TVO&Q]TVc(?�n O_R u B4s^TVU ACB�;E=!`�QSR4T�O&\rx�xy\rBO_R u B4s^T�\^a*Q]\^Y_USAd\rB a\^Y u qCq USqCACO&TVUmc4TZX�TVB�c4TVc3\rB3?�\^QSR \C1�USTZQ u B)c USqC\^X7T^6 t A B u qCqdn � QSR4T O&\rx xy\rB O_R u B4s^T\^aK& (*( c4TZX�TVB�c�TVc \rBwQSR4T USqC\^X7T�\^aK;>=!6

E/u U]TVc \rB-QSR4T \rW4QSO&\rxyT \^a�QSR�T [ u Y_A u QSAd\rB�U � ;E= u B�cL;>?)� TZYST u c8-SW�U]Q]TVc(Q]\ YSTVc)W�O&T c)ACUSO&YSTZX u B)OZAdTVU?�TZQ/� TZTVB3xyT u U_W4YSTVc u B�c3O&\rxyX)W4Q]TVclUSQ]Y u ACB�UZ6

� BwO&\rB)OZqCW�USAd\rB � �@AdQSR u Bl\^X�QSA x�ACU]TVc U]TZQ]QSACB�s�\^a#;E= u B�c�;>? � �fACQSR�ACB QSR4T�Y u B4s^T \^a u B u Q]\rx ACO u q2c u Q u��QSR4Tyxy\!c4TVq \^a O u Y_c�A u O�xyTVO#R u B�ACOZU�ACUmO u X u ?)qCT \^a O&\^YSYSTVO&QSqdn X�YSTVc�ACO&QSA B4s x�ACc%� u qCqE&)(*( � &5(H, u B�c$Q]\^Y_USAC\rBACB QSR4T T�M+W u Q]\^Y#A u q YSTZsrAd\rBl\^a QSR4TjR4T u YSQGQSR4YS\rW�srR4\rW4Q u O u Y_c)A u O�O&n�OZqCT^6

N

Page 3: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� ����� � � ��� �

i@TZQ�R u YSQ/ACU TZTVBwR4\rqCqdTmU]X)AdTZYGc�AdTm?)qd\�TVc c4\+\^YGR4TZQ/[ u Q]TVB�U]Q]TVqCUSTVq�X7\rx�X�Q \rx �VW�W�Y_U]Q]\^a2TVB [^\�TVc�ACB4srU_U]Q]\C17TVBB u^u Y�TVB u a�[ u qCU]Q]\C1�TVB [ u B c4T � TZTZaU]TVq UjQ]T Q]Y u B)U]X�\^YSQ]TZYSTVB 6 B u Y_c�A u qdT�X u QSR4\rqC\^srAdT��TVB �?)A -][16$s^TVqdTVACc�A B4srUU]Q]\�\^Y_B�ACU_U]TVB � ACUSO#R4TVx�AdT ���VA -]Bw[ u^u D�� u^u Y#B4TZTVx ? u^u YmACB u ?1B4\^Y_x u qdTjc4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAdTVUG[ u B3c4T�R u YSQ/� u B�c 6 ! T&Pa\^Y_x u QSAdTVU�[ u B c4TyR u YSQ/� u B�cJ� \^Y_c4TVB ACB c4T D�q ACB�AdTZDws^TZ[!ACUSW u q ACU]TZTZY_c$xyTZQ�� F3u srB�TZQSACO9��TVU]\rB u B�O&T H u sMPsrACB4s�� � F � H �#6 i@TZQ@[^TZY_Q u qdTVB3[ u B u ?)B4\^Y_x u qCTjc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAdTVU@[ u B c4T R u YSQ7� u B�c$B u^u Y�c4T \rB)c4TZY_qCAds^s^TVB)c4TX u QSR4\rqC\^srACUSO_R�T u^u B�c4\�TVB�ACB4s�ACU�B�ACTZQhTZTVB+[^\rW�c�ACs46 I TVByx u QSR4TVx u QSACUSO_Rpxy\!c4TVq4c u Q*c4T�xyTVO#R u B�ACU_O_R4TGTVAds^TVB4PUSO#R u X�X�TVB�[ u B R4TZQ R u YSQ [^\+\^Y_USX7TVqCQ*D u BpR�AdTZYS?1A - c�ACTVB4TVB u qCU D�q ACB�ACUSO#RyR+W)qdX)x�ACc)c4TVq�6 � B c4T��ZT�U]QSW�c�ACT3� \^Y_c�Q[ u BwTZTVB3c4\�\^Y�\rB�U�\rB%Q7�fAdD�D^TVqCclxy\!c4TVq�[ u BlR4TZQfR u Y_QG\rB�c4TZY��Z\!O_R+Q@ACBwR�\+TZ[^TZYSY_T�R4TZQfc4T�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSACTVUG[ u BTZTVBls^T��Z\rB)clX�TZY_U]\�\rB s^TVc�W4YSTVB)c4T�TZTVB3R u YSQSO&n!OZqCW�U�D u Bw[^\�\^Y_U]X�TVqCqCTVB 6

! TZa�\^Y_x u QSAdTVU � s^TZ[^\rB�c4TVByA BjqCACQ]TZY u QSW�W4Y � � u YSTVB�B�AdTZQ xyTZQ TVqdD u^u Y A B \�[^TZYSTZTVB�U]Q]TVx�x ACB4s � u^u Y#c4\+\^Y�TZTVBc�W�A c4TVqCA -]D^T@Q]TVUSQf[^\�\^Y@R4TZQfx�\�c4TVq2B�AdTZQ�xy\^s^TVqCA - D � u UV6 !�u^u YS\rx��VA -SB TZY@xw69? 69[76 F � H$� OZAdY#OZW�xyaTZYSTVB%QSA��TVqCTYSTZD �'&5(*(�� � OZAdY_OZW�x�a�TZYSTVB+QSA��TVqdT&P Y u c)A��TVqdTpY_TZD �'&)(H,���TVB(Q]\^Y_USACTp?�TZX u^u qCc(ACB [!A -]a�c � u Y_USc4\�\^Y_USB4TVc�TVB � USqCACO&TVU �[ u BlR4TZQfR u Y_QG[ u Bw[!AdTZY�s^T��Z\rB)c4T�X�TZY_U]\rB4TVB 6

ifTZQ/s^TVUSA xjW�qCTZTZY_c4TmQSA -]c)U][^TZY_qd\�\^Xp[ u Bwc4T &)(*( QSA -Sc4TVB�U/c4T�R u YSQSO&n!OZqCW�U D � u x \�[^TZYSTZTVB3xyTZQGc4T�xyTZQSA B!Ps^TVB 6*i@TZQ/QSA -]c)U][^TZY_qd\�\^X [ u B c4T0& (H, TVBpQ]\^Y_USAdT0� u YSTVB [^TZY_USO_R)ACqCqdTVB�c � [^\�\^Y u q7QSA -]c�TVB�U c�T@ACU]\�[^\rqCW�xyTZQ]Y#ACUSO_R�TO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAdT a u UST^6 ! TwxyTZQSACB�s^TVB-s u [^TVB QSA -Sc4TVB�U c�T��ZT a u U]T ?)A -SB u s^TZTVB [^TZY u B)c4TZY_ACB4s$ACBL&)(H,yTVB Q]\^Y_USACT �Q]TZY��fA -]q R4TZQ�x�\�c4TVq�s^Y_\^Q]T [^TZY u B�c�TZY_ACB4s^TVB [^\�\^Y_U]X�TVqCc4T^6

e@B)c4TZYST U]QSW�c�ACTVUwxyTZQlR4TZQlxy\!c4TVq�R4TZ?�?�TVB u^u B4s^TZQ]\�\rB�c c u Qlc4T U]X)AdTZY_[^T��ZTVqd\^Y_A��TVB+Q u QSAdT [ u B s^YS\+\^QT41�TVO&Q@ACU/\^X3c�T�xyTVO_R u B)ACUSO_R�T�TVAds^TVB�USO#R u X�X�TVB [ u Blc4T�R u YSQ7� u B)c 6���B�c�TZY��Z\�O#R%Q3� TZY_cw\^a u a �fA -]D�ACB�s^TVB A Bc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAdT QSW�USU]TVBjR4TZQ xy\�c�TVq^TVBjx�TZQSACB4s^TVBjD�W�B)B4TVB$� \^Y_c4TVBjs^TZYSTVc�W�O&TZTZY_c c4\�\^Y R4TZQh[^TZY u B�c�TZYSTVB�[ u Bjc�TU]X)ACTZYS[^T��ZTVqd\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAdT�?)ACB)B4TVBpc�T�USX�YSTVACc�A B4sjc�ACTmACB c4T�qCACQ]TZY u QSW�W4Y ?�TVUSO_R4Y_TZ[^TVB:� \^Y#c4QZ6 ! T�? u USACU P u X�T4� TVB?)W�ACQ]TVB � u B�c!P ?)A B�B4TVB � u B�c O&\rxyX�\rB4TVB+Q�[ u B3c4T�U]X1AdTZYS[^T��ZTVqd\^Y_A��TVB+Q u QSAdT�� \^Y_c�Q�?�TVUSO_R4Y_TZ[^TVB3xyTZQ�TZTVB R4TVqCA2�R4\�TZD �H;>= ��TVB TZTVB3Q]Y u B)U][^TZY_U u qdT�R4\�TZD �H;@?7� � YSTVU]X�TVO&QSAdTZ[^TVq A - D76);E= TVBJ;@? [ u Y#A��TZYSTVB3[!A u TZTVB B�ACTZQ@qCACB�T u AdYSTc�ACUSQ]Y_Ad?)W4QSACT�[ u B c4T�?)A B�B4TVB � u B�c$B u^u Y�c4T�?)W�ACQ]TVB � u B�c 6�i@TZQ�T417TVO&Q � u U�?�TZX u^u qCc [ u B [^TZY u B�c4TZY_ACB�s^TVBACB \C1 U]TZQ�TVB R�TVqCqCACB4s$[ u B c4T��ZT3c�A U]Q]Y_Ad?)W�QSAdTVU�\^X c4T�&)(*( � &)(H, TVB Q]\^Y_U_AdTwQSA -Sc4TVB�U�c4TlACU]\�[^\rqCW�xyTZQ]Y#ACUSO_R�TO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAdT�a u UST^6KF u Y_A u QSAdT�ACB c�T@c�ACUSQ]Y_Ad?)W4QSACT [ u BJ�H;@?7�*?�T � ACB%[!qd\�TVc�c4TG[^\�\^Y_B u xyTVq A - Dyc4T0&)(H,�` TZTVB [ u Y_A u QSACTACB \C1 U]TZQ*qdTVACc�c�T Q]\^Q�TZTVBys^TVq A - D^T/[^TZY u B)c4TZY_ACB4s�ACB & (*, [^\�\^Y u qCqdT/[�A - a)U_qCACO&TVU � Q]TZY��@A -]q+TZTVBy[ u Y_A u QSAdTGACB R4TVqCq ACB4sR4TZQ/[^TZY_USO#R�ACq7QSW�USUSTVB c�T�U_qCACO&TVU ?�T � ACB%[!qd\�TVc4QZ6 H \^Y_U_AdT5� TZY_c [^\�\^Y_B u xyTVq A - Dy?�T � ACB+[!qd\+TVc c4\�\^Y/TZTVB [ u Y_A u QSAdTmA B;E=!`��Z\ � TVq�TZTVBp\C1 U]TZQ u qCU TZTVB R4TVq qCACB4s�[ u Y_A u QSAdTmqdTVACc�c�TGQ]\^Q TZTVB TZTVBps^TVqCA -]D^T@[^TZY u B�c4TZY_ACB�s�[^\+\^Y u qCqCT@USqCA O&TVUZ6I TVBls^TVqCA -]D^T�[^TZY u B�c4TZY_A B4sy[ u B &)(*(/[^\�\^Y@c4T�U_qCACO&TVU � u U u a R u B4D^TVqCA -]D [ u Blc4T�R�TVqCqCACB4s�ACB�;>?]6

�mTZ? u U]TZTZY#c \^X c�TmY_TVUSW�qdQ u Q]TVB [ u Bwc4T@[ u Y_A u QSACTVU A U TZYG[^\�\^Y�R4TZQGxy\!c4TVq1TZTVB [^T��ZTVqd\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAdT�s^TZD^\��ZTVBc�AdT�YSTVU_W�qdQ]TZTZY_c4T�ACB TZTVBws^TZY_TVc�W�O&TZTZY_c4T�[^TZY u B�c4TZY_ACB�s [ u Blc4T$&5(H,fTVBwQ]\^Y#USAdT�QSA -Sc4TVB�U/c4T�ACU]\�[^\rqCW�xyTZQ]Y#ACUSO_R�TO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAdT^6

B \rB�OZqCW)USAdT^`�xyTZQ TZTVB \^X�QSACx u qdTpU]X1AdTZYS[^T��ZTVqd\^Y_A��TVB+Q u QSAdT � ?)A B�B4TVB c4T U]X�YSTVA c�ACB4sw[ u B(c�T u B u Q]\rx�A USO_R4Tc u Q u c�AdTmACBpc�T@qCAdQ]TZY u QSW�W4Y ?�TVUSO#R4YSTZ[^TVB � \^Y_c4Q � ACU R�TZQ xy\!c4TVq7ACB USQ u^u Q/c�T0&5(*( � &5(H,�TVBpQ]\^Y_USAdTms^TVc�W4YSTVB)c4TTZTVB3R u YSQSO&n�OZq W�UGO&\^YSYSTVO&Q@Q]T�[^\+\^Y#U]X�TVqCqdTVB 6

Page 4: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � ��� ��� � � � � � � �6� ���� � �

�������� ������������ ��������� ���������!�"$#&% ?7TZsrA B!P T - TVO&QSAC\rB#(' TVB�c!Poc�A u USQ]\rqdT#$# TVB�c!P T -]TVO&QSAd\rB#)%*#(+ T - TVO&QSAd\rB#-, TVB�clxyT u USW�YSTVxyTVB+Q#/. TVB�c!PoU]n!U]Q]\rqdT021�1 � qCqCACB�s3 + ACU]\k[^\rq W�x�ACO�O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB3�4 ACU]\k[^\rq W�x�ACO�YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB;E= R4TVqCA2� u B4srqdT;>? Q]Y u B�U][^TZY_UST u B4srqdT

L

Page 5: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � � � � � �

�����*� ���� � �� ��� � �� ����*���)��� �������� ������������� �� ��� ������� ��� ����� �

� 6 � �mTVB4TZY u q � B%Q]YS\!c�W�O&QSAC\rB 6 6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 �� 6 N B u Y_c)A u O u B u Q]\rxjn 6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 �� 6 � B u Y_c)A u O�O&n�OZqCT^6 6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 N� 6 L � xyX�\^YSQ u B�O&T�\^a x n^\ � ?7TZYf\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rBlACBlO u Y#c�A u O�xy\!c4TVqCACB�s46 6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 �� 6�� emACx \^ahQSR�ACU�U]QSW)c4n^6 6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � J

� � ��� �� ���*�!� �������� � � ����� ���� �����"!�� ���#� � �� ��� ������� �2���%$ � � �&� ���� �� ��� �� �2� �� �#��)� ��� � � ����"����'� � �N 6 � H R4T)( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq�6 6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 ��NN 6 N 5�Q]Y u A BwO&\rxyX)W4Q u QSAd\rB 6 6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � �N 6 � B \rxyX u Y_ACU]\rB \^a�xyT u USW�YSTVc u B�cwO&\rxyX1W4Q]TVc3c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rB 6 6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � �N 6 L ! ACUSOZW�U_USAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 N �

* � �+�,����#�-���#� �!.� ��������� ����*��� �� �)� �"!�� ��� � � �/!���� � � ����� � �� ��� �������0��������1*32�����4�"��� � �+�'�!�)��� �+5� 6 � F u Q]TZY_A u q u B)clxyTZQSR4\!c�UZ6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 N N

� 6 � 6 � � x u s^T u O�M�W�ACU_AdQSAd\rB 6 6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 N N� 6 � 6 N � x u s^T u B u qdn�U_ACUZ6y6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 N N� 6 � 6 � H A x�ACB4s�\^ahX)R u U]TVU�A B QSR4T O u Y_c�A u O�O&n�OZqdT^6:6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 �6�

� 6 N ��TVU_W�qdQSUZ6 6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � N� 6 N 6 � F�\rqCW)xyT u B�c���\ ��6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � N� 6 N 6 N 5�Q]Y u ACB�U u B�cwQ]\^Y#USAd\rB 6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � L

� 6 � ! ACUSOZW�U_USAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � �� � ��� �� ���*�!� ���7� � �+�,����#� �!��8� �'� ����� �#�9��#� � � �������!� ����� � � ���:� � �

L 6 � F u Q]TZY_A u q u B)c F TZQSR�\�c�UV6 6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L �L 6 � 6 � ! TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB O u qCOZW�q u QSAd\rB)UZ6 6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L �

L 6 N ��TVU_W�qdQSUZ6 6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L NL 6 � ! ACUSOZW�U_USAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L �

; �<���� �� � �����"!��=�?>��+@��2� �� ��� �����������!� �!�A���#� �!.� ��������� ����*� � ����:� �'B��6 � F u Q]TZY_A u q u B)clxyTZQSR4\!c�UZ6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 LDC��6 N ��TVU_W�qdQSUZ6 6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L �

��6 N 6 � F u Y_A u QSAd\rBl\^ahQSR4T�Q]Y u B)U][^TZY_U]T u B�srqdT^6@6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 L �

Page 6: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

��6 N 6 N F u Y_A u QSAd\rBl\^ahQSR4T R4TVq A2� u B4srqdT^6m6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � ���6 N 6 � i@TVxy\!c4n�B u x�ACOZU u B�cwU u Y_O&\rxyTZYST xyTVO_R u B)ACOZUZ6l6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � ���6 N 6 L I U]QSACx u Q]TVcw\^X)QSACx u q USA xjW�q u QSAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � �

��6 � ! ACUSOZW�U_USAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 � �B � ���4�D���4� ������� ���!����� �� ����� � �� ���� ���&� � ���������!���:� B��

C 6 � ! ACUSOZW�U_USAd\rB 6 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 CMJC 6 N B \rB�OZq W�USAd\rB 6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 C NC 6 � ��TVO&\rx xyTVB�c u QSAd\rB)UZ6 6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6�6�6�6�6�6�6 6 C N

C

Page 7: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

� ��� ��� � ���� � �

����� �����������! #"$�&%'��(*)+�,-%�./(0�1�H R4T R4T u YSQ A U u R�\rqCqd\ �(xjW�U_OZW�q u Y \^YSs u BjQSR u QhX)W�xyX1U�?)qd\�\�c�QSR�YS\rW4srR�QSR�T [ u USOZW�q u YhU]n�USQ]TVx a\^Y2Q]Y u B)U]X�\^YSQ\^a*\ ��n�s^TVB u B�c B�W4Q]Y_ACTVB%QSU@Q]\pQSR�T QSACUSU_W4T u B�c$xyTZQ u ?�\rqCACO � u U]Q]T�aYS\rx QSR4T QSACU_USW4T^6femB u c�T�M+W u Q]T�X)W)xyXa W�B�O&QSAd\rB(\^a�QSR4T R4T u YSQ�YSTVqCACTVU�\rB QSR4T aW)B�O&QSAd\rB \^amx u B+n-W�B�c4TZY#qdn�A B4slU]n!U]Q]TVx�U � USW)O_R u U�ACB�AdQSA u QSAC\rB \^aO u Y_c�A u O�O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB QSR4Y_\rW4srR TVqdTVO&Q]Y_A O u q c4TZX�\rq u Y_A U u QSAd\rB � T4�4O_R u B�s^T \^a/\��!n+s^TVB � B�W4Q]Y_AdTVB+QSU u B�c � u U]Q]TX�YS\!c�W�O&QSU QSR4YS\rW�srRpQSR�T�O&\^Y_\rB u YSnpOZACY_OZW�q u QSAd\rB ��u B�c c�ACYSTVO&QSAd\rB�ACB�s�\^a2QSR4T�?)qC\+\!c ��\ � QSR4YS\rW4srR QSR4T�R4T u Y_Q[ u qd[^TVUZ6 F u qda W�B�O&QSAd\rB \^a T u O_R3\^a QSR4TVU]T U]n!U]Q]TVx�UfqdT u c�UGQ]\ c�TZQ]\^Y_A u QSAd\rBw\^ahX)W�x�XwaW�B)O&QSAd\rB 6

F3u B+n-O u Y_c)A u O X u QSR4\rqd\^srAdTVU��T^69s46 ACUSO_R�TVx�A u�� c�ACU]QSW�YS?�TVc O&\rB�c�W�O&QSAd\rB � u YST YST���TVO&Q]TVc ACB u ?)B4\^Y_x u qc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB)U�\^afQSR4TlO u Y_c)A u O � u qCq 6325476825976:25; B/qCACB�A O u qCqdn � c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB X u Q]Q]TZY#B�U�\^a@QSR�T R�T u YSQ�O u B ?�Tu USU]TVUSTVc �fAdQSR F �KQSACUSUSW�TGQ u s^srACB4s � O&YST u QSACB4s�\^X)X7\^Y_QSW�B�AdQSAdTVU�A Byc4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB)ACB4s�QSR4TfW�B)c4TZY_qdn!ACB4smX u QSR4\rqd\^s^n^6i@\ � TZ[^TZY � QSR4T�Y_TVq u QSAd\rB ?�TZQ/� TZTVBwQSR4T�O_R u B4s^T�ACBwc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB X u Q]Q]TZY#B u B�c QSR4T�W�B�c�TZY_qdn!ACB4s X u QSR4\rqd\^s^nACUmB4\^Q�U]Q]Y u AdsrR+Qma�\^Y�� u Y_c 6�e x u QSR4TVx u QSACO u q�xy\!c4TVqhO u X u ?)qdT \^a X)YSTVc�ACO&QSACB�s�QSR4T�c4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB$X u Q]Q]TZY_B�U\^ahQSR4T�R4T u YSQ3� \rW�qCc ?�T u W�U]TZa W�q�OZqCACB)ACO u q7Q]\+\rq ACBwc�TZQ]TZY_x�ACB�A B4s O u W)U]TVUG\^ahQSR4T�X u QSR4\rqC\^s^n u B�c u X�YS\^X�TZYQ]YST u QSxyTVB+QZ6

5�TZ[^TZY u q4xy\!c4TVqCU�c�TVUSO&Y_Ad?)A B4smc�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rByACB�QSR4T�R4T u Y_Q*R u [^T�?�TZTVB�X�Y_\^X7\rUSTVc�� ��W�OZOZAd\rB4T �=< 2f=@U]n�D � 2/>?mu USR � 2 < E \�[^TVB�c4TZTZY_cA@ �#6 ? \rB4T \^a*QSR4TVU]T�xy\!c4TVqCUmR u U u qdYST u c4nl?�TZTVB$W�U]TVc u U u c�A u srB4\rU]QSACO Q]\+\rq�6 I [^TVBQSR4T � Y#U]QyU]Q]TZX Q]\ � u Y_c�U�QSR�ACU u X�X)q ACO u QSAd\rB � QSR4TlO&\rx�X)qdTZQ]TwX�YSTVc)ACO&QSAd\rB \^amc�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB ACB QSR4TlB4\^Y_x u qR4T u QSR+nKR4T u Y_Q � R u U B4\^Q ?�TZTVBKx u c�T^6 � B QSR�ACU U]QSW�c4n � T ACB%[^TVUSQSAds u Q]T QSR4T O u X u ?)ACqCACQon \^a�QSR4T QSR4Y_TZT&Pc�ACx�TVB�USAd\rB u q7x u QSR4TVx u QSACO u q2xy\!c4TVq�\^ahQSR4T R4T u Y_Q �)u UGX�YSTVUSTVB%Q]TVcw?�nCB�TZY_OSD!R4\C1 U�TZQ u q 6 �=< @ ACB X�YSTVc�A O&QSACB4sQSR4T c�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�U/\^a QSR4T�xjn^\�O u Y_c)A u qD� u qCq \^a u R4T u qdQSR+npX�TZY_US\rB 6

���5D EF�G��)./�G,��!���H%I(0JLKH R4T�R4T u YSQ�O&\rB�USA U]QSUf\rW�Qm\^a Q/� \ X1W�xyX)UZ6 I u O#R X)W�xyX$O&\rB%Q u ACB)U u B u Q]Y_A W�x u B)c [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCT^6 H R�T u Q]Y_A uU]TZYS[^T u U u qd\ ��P X�YSTVUSUSW�YSTjY_TVU]TZYS[^\rAdY�QSR u Q�USW4X�X)qCnwQSR4Ty[^TVB%QSA OZqdTVU �fACQSR ?1qd\+\!c 6 H R4T u O&QSW u q�X1W�xyX)ACB�s \^aQSR4T R�T u YSQ@ACU�X7TZY_a�\^Y_x�TVc ?+n QSR4T�[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCTVUZ6 H R4T�Y_AdsrR+Q�[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdT�X1W�xyX)U/?)qC\+\!c QSR u Q@A UGYSTVO&TVAd[^TVc a�Y_\rxQSR4T�Y_TVU]Q�\^aGQSR4T�?�\!c4n3Q]\ QSR4T qCW)B4srUZ6 H R�T qdTZaQ�[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT � ( F$�mX1W�xyX)U�QSR4Tp?)qd\�\�c Y_TVO&TVAd[^TVc aYS\rx QSR�TqCW�B�srU/Q]\�QSR4T�YSTVUSQG\^ahQSR�T�?7\!c4n^6

H R4T ( F O u B�?�T�O#R u Y u O&Q]TZY_A �ZTVc u U u QSR�A OSD+P*� u qCqCTVcyTVqCqCAdX1U]\rACc 6 H R�TGYSTVq u QSAd[^TVqdn QSR�ACB4P*� u qCqCTVcjY#AdsrR%Q [^TVB!PQ]Y_ACOZqCT A U O&YSTVU]TVB+Q PoUSR u X�TVc�ACB�O&Y_\rUSU PoU]TVO&QSAd\rB u B�c�X u Y_QSA u qCqdn"�fY u X�X�TVc u YS\rW�B�c�QSR�T*qdTZa�Q [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCTM2ON � � srW4YST � 6 � �#6H R4TGTZX1ACO u Y_c�A u q�aYSTZT"� u qCq!\^a7QSR4TfqdTZaQ�[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT�ACU�USx�\+\^QSR 6 H R�TGTVB�c4\!O u Y_c�A u q�� u qCq4ACU�AdY_YSTZsrW�q u Y � U_R4\ �fA B4sx u B+nlACB+[ u srACB u QSAd\rB�UGX�Y_\^Q]Y_W�c�ACB�s�A B%Q]\�QSR�TA� u qCq W4X Q]\ u ?�\rW4Q � JQP \^a*AdQSU�QSR)ACOSD!B4TVUSUZ6 H R�A UGX u YSQ�\^a�QSR�T� u qCq ACU�O u qCqdTVc$QSR4TyQ]Y u ?�TVOZW�q u Y�q u n^TZYV6 � B u c)c�AdQSAd\rB Q]\wQSR4TVU]TyQ]Y u ?�TVOZW�q u T � X u X)ACqCq u YSnlxjW)USOZqdTVUm\^Y_AdsrACB u Q]Ta\^Y_x QSR4T�TVB�c�\�O&Y u c)A u q � u q q � USW4X�X�\^YSQSA B4s x AdQ]Y u q�[ u qd[^T�qdT u ��TZQSUZ6

H R4T R4T u YSQA� u qCq ACU q u YSs^TVqdn O&\rxyX�\rU]TVc(\^a�YS\!c!PoUSR u X�TVc xjn^\ � ?�TZY_UZ6?( \!O u qCqdn � QSR4TVU]T xjn^\ � ?�TZY_U u Y_Tu qCAdsrB�TVc � QSR+W�U�c�T � B�ACB4s u qd\!O u qhxjn^\ � ?�TZY�\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB 6 � B u B4\^Y#x u q R4T u YSQ � USW�?7TZX1ACO u Y_c�A u q x n^\ � ?7TZY#U

Page 8: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

������������ ����������������

�������! #"%$'&($')+*-, �.0/12�3/546.879�67;:;1<� , 79�=��>.?�+@A��4=.?B�@A/ ,DC�E ��F� �GIHJ ���KL/54M�3���/#G=G E G��=��.N �/ , /54I.879�O79�=��>.?�P�Q� , .0���BR 79/>. E ��FS �GOH� ���KT/546�P���/#G=G E G��=��.N �/ , /(4-.879�-79�=�>.0�VU+ C 7D.0B R �=79��1<��.� ��I��?WX���G�� , .0�.N �/ , /54Y1M��/(Z\[=��/�> �� , .?��.� �/ , , .]7��<�^��4=.+H� , .�> ���:;�^��MK_���]�^�%`a7����^��4=.+H� , .N> ����^�� �GM.879�P�S/12 , � , .�G>.N>:���.N:;��</542.879�7��b��>.?�c`X79�d> C 7;.-H� , .N> ����^�d �G�KQ��bWSW9�=����/�: , �e.879�P�^��4=.-H� , .�> ����^�J�3UgfThiU- C 7D.YH#� , .N> ����^�3� , �@_fjhk@A��4=.\H#� , .N> ��������

a\rqCqd\ � u qdTZaQ PoR u B�c�TVc R4TVqCA �mX u Y u qCqdTVq^Q]\@QSR4TI� u qCq�6he/Q2QSR4T u X7T4� � QSR4TZn�O&YS\rUSU2\k[^TZY Q]\mQSR4T USW�?7TVB)c4\�O u Y#c�ACW�xu B�c$O&\rB%QSA B+W4T ACB u Y_AdsrR+Q PoR u B�c�TVc3R4TVqCA O u q X u QSR � u n^6 ? T u Y�QSR4Tj? u U]T � QSR�Tjxjn^\ � ?�TZY_U@O&Y_\rUSUf\�[^TZY�Q]\pQSR�TUSW4?�TZX)A O u Y_c�ACW�x u s u ACB 6 e/Q x�ACc%� u qCq � QSR4T$x n^\ � ?�TZYp\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB ACU X�YSTVc4\rx ACB u B+QSqdn OZACY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u q� � srW4Y_T � 6 � �#6

F n^\!O&n�Q]TVU u Y_T$O&\rW4X1qdTVc �fACQSR T u O_R \^QSR4TZY u B�c �fAdQSRKUSW4YSYS\rW)B�c�ACB4s O&\rqCq u s^TVB � ?�TZY_U � �@R�ACO_R a�\^Y#xu T4�!Q]Y u PoO&TVqCqCW)q u Y�x u Q]Y_A2��6 g u USUSAC[^T3xyTVO_R u B�ACO u q�x u Q]TZY#A u qGX�YS\^X�TZYSQSACTVU�\^amO u Y_c)A u Olx W�USOZqdT u YST q u YSs^TVqdnc4TZQ]TZY_x ACB4TVc ?�npQSR4TjU]Q]Y_W�O&QSW4Y_T u B�cwO&\rxyX�\rUSAdQSAd\rBl\^a QSR�A UGx u Q]Y_A2��6

H R4T u O&QSAd[^TGX)W�x�X)ACB4s�a\^Y_O&T�ACUhs^TVB4TZY u Q]TVcy?+n O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSACqdTGW�B�AdQSU � QSR�T/U u Y_O&\rxyTZYSTVU � QSR u Q u YST u YSY u B4s^TVcACB � q u xyTVB+QSU.�fAdQSR)ACB�QSR4Tfxjn^\�O&n�Q]TVUZ6 5 u Y_O&\rxyTZYSTVU O&\rB�USACUSQSU*\^a u QSR4Y_TZT&Poc�ACxyTVB�U_Ad\rB u q u YSY u ny\^a u O&QSACB4T u B)cxjn^\rUSACB4T � q u xyTVB+QSUZ6�=@X7\rB c4TZX�\rq u Y#A � u QSAd\rB�\^a2QSR4TmO&TVq q1xyTVxj?�Y u B�T@\^a QSR�Tmxjn^\�O&n�Q]TVU � B u 2�l ACU YSTVqdT u U]TVc �u O&QSAd[ u QSACB4s�QSR�TfO&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSACqdTfW�B)AdQSUZ6 e@U u YSTVUSW�qdQ QSR4T u O&QSACB4T � q u xyTVB%QSU USqCACc4T u qd\rB�s�QSR4Tfxjn^\rUSACB � q u xyTVB%QSU �O u W�USA B4s�QSR4T U u Y_O&\rxyTZYSTVUhQ]\mUSR4\^YSQ]TVB 6 emB�\^YSs u B�A �ZTVcjUSR�\^YSQ]TVB�ACB4s � \^a4QSR4T U u Y_O&\rxyTZYSTVU O u W�USTVU O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB\^a QSR4T�R4T u YSQZ6

���=m EF�G��)./�G,�, K ,� ���H R4T�O u Y_c)A u O�TZ[^TVB%QSU�QSR u QG\�OZOZW�Y�a�Y_\rx QSR4T�?�TZsrACB�B�ACB�s�\^a \rB�T�R4T u YSQ]?�T u QGQ]\yQSR4T�?�TZsrACB�B�A B4s \^a QSR4T�B4T4�!Qu YST O u qCqdTVcwQSR4TjO u Y_c�A u OjO&n�OZqdT^6 H R4TjO u Y_c�A u O�O&n!OZqdT O&\rB�USACU]QSUf\^a u X�TZY_Ad\!c \^a YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB3O u qCqCTVclc�A u U]Q]\rqCT �c�W4Y#ACB4s<�fR�ACO#R QSR4T R4T u YSQ � qCqCU �fAdQSR ?1qd\+\!c � a�\rq qd\ � TVcw?�n u X�TZY_AC\�c \^a O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB O u q qdTVcwU]n!U]Q]\rqdT^6

I u O#R O u Y_c�A u O O&n�OZqCT A UjACB)AdQSA u Q]TVc ?�n u U]X�\rB+Q u B4TZ\rW�U s^TVB4TZY u QSAd\rB \^a u B u O&QSAd\rB X7\^Q]TVB+QSA u q�6 t AdY_USQ �QSR4T u Q]Y#A u c4TZX�\rq u Y#A �ZT � O u W)USACB4s QSR4TVx Q]\(O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QZ6 ! TZX�\rq u Y_A � u QSAd\rB \^a�QSR4T u Q]Y_A u ACU�ACB)c�ACO u Q]TVc ACB uTVqdTVO&Q]YS\!O u Y_c�AC\^s^Y u x � I B � �@?+n QSR4Tyg � u [^T � � srW4YST � 6 N �#6yefaQ]TZY�QSR4Ty\rB�USTZQ�\^a QSR4T�g�� u [^T � QSR4T�n ��5� u [^TVU u X�X�T u Y u U u Y_TVUSW�qdQ�\^a�c�TZX7\rq u Y_A � u QSAd\rB \^aGQSR�T [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdTVU � �fR)ACO_R A B�AdQSA u Q]TVUjO&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAC\rB(\^aGQSR�T[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdTVUZ6

t AdsrW4YST � 6 � U_R4\ �fU u X�YSTVUSU_W4YST&P [^\rqCW�x�T c�A u s^Y u x \^a QSR4T$qCTZa�Q [^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT c�W4Y_ACB�s u O u Y#c�A u O$O&n�OZqdT^6H R4T O u Y_c�A u OpO&n�OZqCT O u B(?�Tpc�Ad[!ACc4TVc-ACB%Q]\ a�\rW�YjX)R u U]TVUZ6 H R�T � Y_USQ�X)R u U]T ACU O u qCqdTVc QSR�T � q qCACB4s X)R u UST^6! W4Y_ACB�s QSR�A U X)R u U]T QSR4T u xy\rW�B+Q \^a@?)qd\�\�c(QSR u QyR u U�YSTVx u ACB4TVc ACB(QSR4T [^TVB%Q]Y_A OZqdT u a�Q]TZY�QSR�T X)YSTZ[�AC\rW�UR4T u YSQ]?�T u Q*ACB)O&YST u U]TVU ?�nj?)qC\+\!c<��\ �fA B4s@aYS\rx QSR�T/qCTZa�Q u Q]Y_A W�x ACB%Q]\�QSR�T [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCT^6 ? T4�!Q � QSR4T�ACUS\k[^\rqCW�x ACOO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB � 3 + �fX)R u USTja\rqCqd\ �fUZ6 ! W4Y_ACB�s QSR�ACUmX�TZY_Ad\!clQSR�T [^\rq W�xyT \^a QSR4T�[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdTyc4\�TVU�B4\^Q�O_R u B4s^T?�TVO u W�U]T u qCq�R4T u YSQ][ u qd[^TVU u YST�OZqd\rU]TVc 6*if\ � TZ[^TZY � QSR4T@X)YSTVUSUSW4Y_T@ACB�U_ACc4TfQSR�T@[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdT�Y_A U]TVU T4�4O&TZTVc�ACB�s QSR�TX�YSTVU_USW4YST@\^a QSR4T u \^YSQ u 6 H R�A U O u W�U]TVU QSR4T u \^YSQSACO@[ u qd[^T�Q]\j\^X�TVB u B�c ?1qd\+\!c�Q]\ ��\ � \rW4Q \^a2QSR4T@[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCT

N

Page 9: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

��� ���>1+W�/>.0� , �=�2/54612��/5Z [=��g/�> �� , .?��.� �/ , , �=���� ��S�21</J����� , C �

g

n

5

H

�������! #"%$'&�� )�� ���b��.N�/��=���� �/ C b�1 /54Y.]7��+79�=��>.?���2�?W�/�^��> J�.N �/ , /(4Y.]7��I�.N> ��< �G- , � ��=�.0�=�<KQ ].87 .]7���� K_�H�g� , ��S�?W�/�^��> J�.N �/ , /(4�.879�YH� , .�> ����^��G�KQ ].]7d.879� ��U R K_��H#��G��<`X7��P`�K_�H�Y �GY�=�:DG��=�M[��g��0W�/�^��> ���.� �/ ,/(46.]7��IH� , .N> ����^��G��

ACB+Q]\3QSR4T u \^YSQ u 6 H R�ACU�X�TZY_Ad\!c ACUjO u qCqdTVc-QSR4T T -]TVO&QSAd\rB X)R u U]T^6le/Q QSR4TpTVB�c-\^aGT -]TVO&QSAd\rB � YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB(\^aQSR4Tm[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT@O u W)U]TVU QSR4TmA B%Q]Y u [^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZW�q u Y X�YSTVUSUSW�YST�Q]\yc4YS\^X � YSTVUSW�qCQSACB4s�ACBpOZqd\rUSW4YST@\^a QSR4T u \^YSQSACO@[ u qd[^T^6H R4T Y u X)ACcwc4TVO&Y_T u U]TjACB3ACB%Q]Y u [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u YfX�YSTVUSUSW�YST�\�OZOZW�Y_U3�fAdQSR�\rW4Q u B+n O#R u B4s^T ACB0( F [^\rqCW)xyT u B�clA UO u qCqdTVc QSR4TGACUS\k[^\rqCW�x ACO Y_TVq u � u QSAC\rB�� 3�4 � X)R u U]T^6 efaQ]TZY*ACU]\�[^\rqCW�x�A O YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB u B4T�� O&n!OZqdT/\^a)[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u YX)W�x�X)ACB4s�U]Q u YSQSUZ6

����� "$J�� (0�'%'�!��, ��(�� JLK0(���� � � (�� ./��� %'�H%�./(0� . � , �G��). �G,�J (*) � �. ��� �H R4T QSR4YSTZT&Poc�ACx�TVB�USAd\rB u q�x u QSR4TVx u QSACO u q xy\�c�TVq�\^aGQSR4T R4T u Y_Q � ACB)c�ACO u Q]TVc��fACQSR1( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUjxy\�c�TVq �X�YSTVc)ACO&QSU [^TVB%Q]Y_A OZW�q u Y/X�YSTVUSU_W4YST u B�c [^\rqCW�xyT �4u B�cwc)ACU]Q]Y_Ad?1W4QSAd\rB�\^ahU]Q]YSTVUSUSTVU u B�cwU]Q]Y u ACB)U A BpQSR�Tm[^TVB+Q]Y_ACO�PW�q u Y<� u qCq c)W4Y_ACB4s QSR4T O u Y_c�A u O&n�OZqCT � ? u U]TVc \rB T�M+W u QSAd\rB�U \^a@xyTVO#R u B�ACO u q T�M�W�ACqCAC?�Y_ACW�xl6l=fX Q]\ B4\ � �YSTVU]T u Y#O_R �fACQSR(QSR)ACU�xy\�c�TVq � u U�a\�OZW�U_U]TVc \rB QSR4Twc�ACU]Q]Y#Ad?)W4QSAd\rB \^a � ?�TZY�U]Q]YSTVUSUSTVU u B�c U]Q]Y u ACB)U A B(QSR�Txjn^\�O u Y_c)A u qK� u qCq�6�5!ACx W�q u QSAd\rB�U0�fACQSR xy\�c�TVqCUm\^a/O u Y#c�A u OyxyTVO#R u B�ACOZU�R u [^T USR�\ �fB QSR u Q�QSR4T�x n^\ � ?7TZY\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB�R u U u x u -]\^Y ACB �1W4TVB�O&T/\rB�O u Y_c�A u O � u qCq)xyTVO_R u B)ACOZUZ63476:252 54x u qCq![ u Y_A u QSAd\rB�U�A B�QSR4T�x n^\ � ?7TZY\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB � �fAdQSR�ACB QSR4T/Y u B4s^TG\^a1YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc�[ u q W4TVU � YSTVUSW)qdQ]TVc�ACBjq u YSs^TG[ u Y#A u QSAd\rB�U3��� � JQP � \^a7O u qCOZW�q u Q]TVcxjn^\ � ?�TZYfU]Q]YSTVUSUV634

F n^\ � ?7TZY�\^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rB ACU�O_R u Y u O&Q]TZY_A �ZTVc ?�n u R�TVqCA2� u B�c u Q]Y u B)U][^TZY_U]T u B4srqCT^6 H R�T�R�TVqCA2� u B4srqCT�A Uc4T � B�TVc u U�QSR4T u B4srqdT�?�TZQ/� TZTVB qd\!O u q OZACY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u q c)AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB u B�c$QSR4T X�YS\8-]TVO&QSAd\rB$\^a QSR4T�x n^\ � ?7TZY\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rBy\rB�QSR�TGX)q u B4T/X u Y u q qdTVq%Q]\ QSR4T3� u q q�6 H R�TGQ]Y u B�U][^TZY_UST u B4srqdTGU]X u B�U QSR�T�qd\�O u q4OZACY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u qc�AdY_TVO&QSAd\rB u B�cwQSR4T�X)YS\8- TVO&QSAC\rBw\^a QSR4T�x n^\ � ?7TZYf\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rBw\rBwQSR4T X)q u B4T�X�TZYSX�TVB�c�ACOZW)q u Y Q]\�QSR�T qd\!O u qqd\rB4srACQSW�c�ACB u q7c�AdY_TVO&QSAd\rB � � srW4YST � 6 L �#6

t \^Y QSR�TGQ]Y u B�U][^TZY_UST u B4srqdTG[ u qCW4TVU u Y_T�YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc�ACB�QSR�TG\^Y_c4TZY*\^a u aT��Kc4TZs^YSTZTVU � ?�TVACB4s�X�\rUSAdQSAd[^TGB4T u YQSR4Tm? u U]T u B�c B4TZs u QSAd[^T�B4T u Y/QSR4T u X�T4�76 F T u USW4YSTVx�TVB%QSU \^a2QSR�T@Q]Y u B)USxjW�Y u q)O&\rW4Y#U]T�\^a QSR4T�R4TVqCA2� u B4srqdTVUUSR4\ � u Y u B4s^T a�YS\rx�� CMJ c�TZs^YSTZTVU u Q�QSR4TwUSW4?�TVB�c4\!O u Y_c�ACW)x Q]\$P CMJ c4TZs^YSTZTVU u Q�QSR4TwUSW4?�TZX)ACO u Y#c�ACW�xw6i@\ � TZ[^TZY � q u YSs^T [ u Y#A u QSAd\rB3A B3Q]Y u B)USxjW�Y u q2O&\rW4Y#U]TVU u Y_Tja\rW�B�c3?7TZQ7� TZTVB U]TZ[^TZY u qhUSQSW�c�AdTVUZ6 H R4TVU]Tj[ u Y_A u PQSAd\rB�U u YST�X u YSQSqdn O u W�U]TVcl?+n c�A�� OZW)qdQSAdTVU/ACBwc4T � B)ACB4s u qd\!O u qD� u q q�?7\rW)B�cwO&\+\^Y#c�ACB u Q]T�U]n!U]Q]TVx A B��fR�ACO#RQSR4T�R4TVqCA � u B�c Q]Y u B�U][^TZY_UST u B4srqdT u YST�c4TVUSO&Y_AC?7TVc 6hemB4\^QSR4TZY/YST u U]\rBwA U Y_TVq u Q]TVc Q]\ u OZOZW4Y u O&n \^a2QSR4T�R�ACUSQ]\MPqd\^srACO u q Q]TVO_R�B�A M+W4TVUfW�U]TVc 6 <��� B u xy\^YST@YSTVO&TVB+Q U]QSW�c�n � �mTZTZYSQSU]P ��USU]TZ[^\�\^YSQ <5< W�U]TVc F u srB4TZQSACO ! A 1�W�U_Ad\rB H TVB�U]\^Y � x u srACB�s�� F ��P !�H3� �

Q]\lxyT u USW�YST�x n^\ � ?7TZY�\^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rB ACB$s^\ u QSU�� � srW4Y_T � 6�� �#6 H R4T xjn^\ � ?�TZY�\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB O&\rW)qCc$?7TyxyT u PUSW4Y_TVc �fAdQSR u B u OZOZW4Y u O&n \^a�� L 6�� � �fACQSR�ACB u R4T u YSQ � �fR�ACO#RyACU ?�TZQ]Q]TZY*QSR u ByQSR4T � � J �Gu OZOZW4Y u O&ny\^?�Q u ACB�TVc�fAdQSRwR)ACU]Q]\rqd\^srACO u q x�TZQSR4\�c)UZ6

� B u B4\^QSR4TZYGU]QSW)c4n � �mTZTZYSQSU P ��U_U]TZ[^\+\^Y_QSU <�� c4TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVcpQSR u Q [ u Y_A u QSAC\rBpACB ( F s^TZ\rxyTZQ]YSnpO&\�[^TZY_ACB4sQSR4Tj?)Ad\rqd\^srACO u q2Y u B4s^T � O_R u B�s^TVc QSR�T c�A U]Q]Y_Ad?)W�QSAd\rB \^a � ?�TZYfU]Q]YSTVU_U]TVU u B�c3U]Q]Y u ACBlQ]\ QSR4T�U u xyT T4�!Q]TVB+Q u U[ u Y_A u QSAd\rB$ACB � ?7TZY u B4srqdT c�ACU]Q]Y_AC?)W4QSAd\rB��fACQSR�ACB QSR4T�OZW4YSYSTVB+Q@q ACx�AdQSUG\^a xyT u USW4Y_A B4s46 H R4TVU]Tj\^?)U]TZYS[ u QSAd\rB�U

Page 10: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

����� * ]1 /54O.87D �GOG>.�:������

�����

�����

� ���� ��� ( TZaQ"F�TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Y3F�\rqCW�xyT

� � �

���*�#�

@ ���

���� �� � �� ���� ���� �� �� ���

�������! #"%$'&"!X) R �b7���1��.N ��YWX��>G=G>:;�� E H#/�� :;1��P� �� C ���1 ]�]� :DG>.N��.N , C .]7��P�b7�� ,DC ��GM , �^��4=.�H� , .�> ���:;�^��MH/� :;1��d� , �WX��>G=G>:;��Y�:;> ,DC .879�-�b���� ��S�6�������� �I:;> ,DC .879�!Z��]� ,DC W�79�G��$#"%'&(& )-����4=. H#� , .N> ����^�-H#/�� :;1<�+ , ����=�#G���G4=�/�1 .879�-� , � E G>�#G>.?/�� �� H/� :;1���#+*-,.)Y.?/Y.879�-� , � E �� ��#G>.?/�� ��+H#/�� :;1<��#+*-,0/')���� , .87D �GAW���> �/J�\Wab�>G=G>:;�� , ����=�G���G�.0/ .]7��%� , � E � ��G>.?/�� �� WX��>G=G>:;��1#32 ,0/4)�� � , .]7�� �G�/H/� :;12 �� �=/ , .�b����.� �/ , W�79�G��5#76(89)�:WX��>G=G>:;��2 , ����=�G���G 4=:;>.879��2.?/3.879�P[=� C ,'E �3;��=��.� �/ , Wa���G=G>:;��<#32 =>,9?@)�� `X7��d�A;��b��.N �/ , W97��#G��B#+CED0C89)�:��:;> , C KA7; ��b7 H#/�� :;1�� ���=����=�#G���G>:2 �GO4�/��]�^/K_�=� [�� .879� �G�/�H#/�� :;12 �� b���^��FD�.N �/ , W�79�#G��F#+6(GH) KA79����WX��>G=G>:;��2���=����=�#G��>Gg[=����Id.?/�.]7��M�� ��#G>.?/�� ��+Wab�>G=G>:;��J�

ACB�c)ACO u Q]T QSR u Q QSR4T ?�TVB4T � Q \^a@xy\�c�TVqCqCACB4s u YST u qCA U]QSACO�s^TZ\rx�TZQ]YSn(ACU<M�W4TVU]QSAd\rB u ?1qdT � ACa�xy\�c�TVqCU u Y_T W�USTVc�fAdQSR u x n^\ � ?�TZY�\^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rBw? u U]TVcw\rBlQSR4T OZW4YSY_TVB%QGT4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q u OZOZW4Y u O&n^6

�fA -SOSD^TVB TZQ u q�63252 W�U]TVc u B ACB+[^TZY_U]T u X�X�YS\ u O#RwACB c4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB)ACB4s�QSR4T�xjn^\ � ?�TZY \^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rB 6 F n^\ � ?7TZY\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rBG� u U X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc�? u U]TVcy\rB QSR4T u USUSW)xyX�QSAd\rByQSR u Q*QSR4Tfc�A U]Q]Y_Ad?)W�QSAd\rB \^a QSR�Tfx n^\ � ?7TZY U]Q]Y u ACB�A UR4\rxy\^s^TVB�\rW�U u O&YS\rUSUfQSR4T$� u qCq�6 H R4T�O&\rxyX)W�Q]TVclc�ACU]Q]Y#Ad?)W4QSAd\rB)U*\^a � ?�TZY u B�srqdTVUGX�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc \k[^TZY@QSR4T$� u q q� TZYST O&\rB)USACU]Q]TVB+Q �fAdQSR Y_TZX7\^Y_Q]TVc x�T u USW4YSTVxyTVB+QSU � USW�X�X�\^YSQSACB4swQSR4T u USU_W�xyX�QSAd\rB-QSR u Qyx n^\ � ?7TZY�U]Q]Y u A BACU�R4\rxy\^s^TVB�\rW�USqdn c�ACU]Q]Y_AC?)W4Q]TVc-A B(QSR�TlR4T u YSQZ6-8 R4TZYST u U�QSR4T u X�X�YS\ u O#R ?+nL�fA -SOSD^TVB USTZTVx�U u � u n(Q]\c4T u qK�@AdQSR QSR4T�W�B�O&TZY_Q u ACB%Qvn ACB T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%Q u q�c u Q u \rB � ?�TZY�\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB � AdQ�R u U�B4\^Q�?�TZTVB TZ[ u qCW u Q]TVc�fR4TZQSR�TZY � �fAdQSRlQSR4Tjc4TZQ]TZY#x�ACB4TVc � ?7TZYf\^Y_AdTVB+Q u QSAd\rB � QSR�T xy\!c4TVq O&\^YSYSTVO&QSqCnwX�YSTVc�ACO&QSUfU]Q]Y u ACB c�ACU]Q]Y_AC?)W4QSAd\rB\^a \^QSR4TZYfO&\rxyX�\rB4TVB+QSU�QSR u B � ?�TZY�U]Q]Y u ACB 6

���KJ L�. J ( � %NM .OPO$%�+�)�K��H R4T � Y#U]Q u A x \^a QSR4T�X�YSTVUSTVB%Q�U]QSW�c�n ACUmQ]\lACB+[^TVU]QSAds u Q]TyQSR4T�O u X u ?)ACqCAdQvnw\^a QSR�T�OZW�YSYSTVB+Q ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVq ACB X�Y_TVc�ACO&QSACB4s�QSR4T�c�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rBw\^a u R4T u qdQSR+nwR+W�x u BwR4T u YSQ�QSR4Y_\rW4srR4\rW4QGQSR4T�O u Y#c�A u O�O&n!OZqdT^6

H R4T u ?7\�[^TlxyTVB+QSAd\rB4TVc U]QSW�c�ACTVUjc4TVx�\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc QSR u Qyxjn^\ � ?�TZY \^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rB R u U�q u YSs^T T417TVO&QSUy\rBO u Y_c�A u OA� u qCq xyTVO_R u B�ACOZUmX�YSTVc�A O&Q]TVc ?�nlQSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B�ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq�6 t \^Y�QSR�ACUmYST u US\rB � � T�R+n+X�\^QSR4TVUSA �ZTQSR u QGc�ACU_O&YSTZX u B�OZAdTVU ?�TZQ/� TZTVBwc4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB�U X�YSTVc�A O&Q]TVc ?�n xy\!c4TVq u B�c X1R%n!USAd\rqd\^srA O u q1c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rB � O u B?�TjU]Q]Y_\rB4srqdnwYSTVc�W)O&TVc3?�n u c8-SW�U]QSACB�s�QSR4T�O_R4\rACO&T \^a xjn^\ � ?�TZY@\^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rB �@AdQSR�ACBwQSR�TjY u B�s^TVU@Y_TZX7\^Y_Q]TVc

� J

Page 11: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

����� * ]1 /54O.87D �GOG>.�:������

�������! #"%$'&�� ) ���]� :DG>.����.� �/ , /(4O.]7��Y7���� F #�����)d� , ��.N�� , G>H#��=G�� #���� ) Z\[=��I� , C �^��G��P`a7��_Z [=��I� ,DC ���>GM��. �YW�/ , . �����M�S��Z , �=��KQ ].87 b�>GNW��b��. .?/<.879�g�^/J�=��!.N�� , G>1M:;b��(:Q�^/ , C ].�:��� , �� � , �d�� ]���:;1V4����� , .� ���� �� ]��=��.N �/ , G��

� �

P �

P N �� �� � �� � �� ��� � ���

� u X�T4� ? u U]T� T�M�W u

� J

J

P � JQ]Y u B�USx W4Y u q�X�\rUSAdQSAC\rB

� ������ ��� � ��

�������! #"%$'&��X) @A��4=.0B `9�� , G>H#��=G�� � ,DC ��� �=/:;=G��64=�/�1 �=W9�bF .0/%[=�#G��J� U+ C 7D.0B `9�� , G>1M:;������b/�:;=G�� /54 .879�d7���� F� , C �^�����e��/5Z [=��6/> �� , .0�.N �/ , �G+1��=�#G>:;��=�M , W9/G=.Q1�/>.0��1 C /J�.A7��b��>.�GY:DG> , C �dU E � ` �������=��>.�G E� G=G���H/�/�>. #������ �)"!#!%$�� C'&�( )DB-�+*�:��.0/��

ACBwqCACQ]TZY u QSW4YST^6 H R�T�U]TVO&\rB�c u ACx \^ahQSR)ACUGU]QSW�c4n ACUGQ]\�Q]TVUSQ�QSR�ACUGR+n+X�\^QSR4TVU_ACUZ6

�:�

Page 12: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

� � � � � � � � ��� ��� � � � � � � � ������ � ��� ��� �

� � �5� � ��� ��� � � � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � � ��� �� ��� � � � � � �� � �K� � ��� � � � � �

� B QSR�ACU�O#R u X�Q]TZYfO u Y_c)A u O�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB)U � YSTVUSW�qdQSA B4s�a�YS\rx U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rB�UGx u c�T$�fAdQSR u QSR4YSTZT&Poc)ACxyTVB�USAC\rB u qqdTZaQG[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT�� ( F$� xyTVO#R u B�ACOZU@xy\!c4TVq �4u YST O&\rxyX u YSTVc:�fAdQSRwc�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�UGYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc3ACBwqCAdQ]TZY u QSW�YST^6

D&��� � M���� J ��, M��!� . , O J (*) � �B�TZY_O_D�R�\C1�U < @�c�TVUSAdsrB4TVc u x u QSR�TVx u QSACO u q xy\!c4TVq c4TVU_O&Y_Ad?)ACB�s QSR4T$� u qCq xyTVO#R u B�ACOZU�A BpQSR�T�qdTZa�QG[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqCT^6H R4T�USACx W�q u QSAC\rB3\^a QSR4T�O u Y_c�A u O O&n!OZqdT�U]Q u YSQSU�aYS\rx u YSTZaTZYSTVB�O&TyU]Q u Q]T � c�T � B4TVc u U�QSR4T�USAdQSW u QSAC\rB �fACQSR�ZTZYS\ Q]Y u B)USxjW�Y u q X�YSTVUSUSW�YST^6 � B QSR�ACU YSTZaTZYSTVB�O&TlU]Q u Q]T � U]Q]YSTVUSUSTVU u B�c U]Q]Y u ACB)U u Y_T u USUSW�xyTVc �ZTZYS\46 t \^YQSR4T xy\!c4TVqf\^ajQSR4T ( F u QSR�ACO_D � u qCqdTVcKs^TZ\rxyTZQ]YSn ACU u USUSW�xyTVc O&\rB�USA U]QSACB4s(\^a O&\rB4a\�O u q�TVqCq AdX)U]\rACc)U � u Uc4TVUSO&Y#Ad?�TVc ?�n E \k[^TVB)c4TZTZY_c 634 � B QSR�ACU s^TZ\rxyTZQ]YSn � QSR4T�[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZW�q u YGO u [!AdQvn A U u ?�\rW4Q LrJ x�qK�� ( � u B�c�� u q q[^\rqCW�x�T �� ��K� u ?�\rW4Q � LrJ x�q�6 � B QSR4Tys^TZ\rx�TZQ]YSn \^a QSR�T qdTZaQ�[^TVB%Q]Y_A OZqdT�QSR4YSTZT�O&\�\^Y_c�A B u Q]T�U]n!U]Q]TVx�U u Y_TACB+Q]YS\!c�W�O&TVc�� u srqd\^? u q B u YSQ]TVUSA u B ��� ��� ��� � �!u srqd\^? u q�TVqCqCAdX)US\rACc>��� ��� ��� � u B)c u qd\!O u q�B4\^Y#x u qCA �ZTVcyO&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]TU]n!U]Q]TVx � � � ��� � �#6 t AdsrW4Y_T N 6 � u USR�\ �fU QSR4T�s^TZ\rxyTZQ]YSn \^a2QSR�T�qCTZa�Q [^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZqdT � �fAdQSRpa�\!O u q qdTVB4s^QSR�B�� L � x xu B�c Q]Y_W�B�O u QSAd\rBpR4TVAdsrR+Q R � N L 6 � N x�xl6 H R4T�\^Y_AdsrA B�U�\^a QSR4T@srqd\^? u q B u YSQ]TVUSA u B u B�c�TVqCq AdX)U]\rACc�O&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]TU]n!U]Q]TVx O&\rA B�OZACc4T � U]TZT � srW�YST N 6 � u u B)c ? 6 H R4T�Q]Y u B�USa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB \^a/QSR4T TVq qCAdX)U]\rA c O&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]TVU�Q]\3QSR�Tsrqd\^? u q2O&\+\^Y_c)ACB u Q]TVU�ACU/srAC[^TVBl?�n1`

�!�#"%$>USACB�R>��� �&$>USA B>� � �&$>O&\rU � � � � N 6 � �� �'"($>USACB)R>��� �&$>USACB>� � �&$>U_ACB>� � � � N 6 N �� �#"%$>O&\rUSR>��� �&$>O&\rU � � � � N 6 � �

8 AdQSRwQSR4T�Y u c)ACW�U/[^TVO&Q]\^Y*)+ c�T � B4TVc u UZ`

)+ ���,)-/. � � )-10 � � )-12 � N 6 L �H R4T3xjn^\ � ?�TZY \^Y#AdTVB%Q u QSAC\rBKACB QSR4T3Y_TZa�TZYSTVB)O&T U]Q u Q]T$\^a�QSR4T=( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZUpx�\�c4TVq)� u U u c4\^X�Q]TVc

aYS\rx �@A -SOSD^TVB(TZQ u q�63252 � B(QSR u Q�U]QSW�c4n � xjn^\ � ?�TZYj\^Y_ACTVB%Q u QSAd\rB�� u U c�TZQ]TZY_x�ACB4TVc-?+n \^X)QSACx�A � u QSAd\rB-a�\^Yu R4\rxy\^s^TVB4\rW)UmUSn�U]Q]\rq ACOjUSQ]Y u ACB$c�ACU]Q]Y_AC?)W4QSAd\rBlc)W4Y_ACB4s T - TVO&QSAd\rB 6 H R4T�R4TVqCA2� u B4srqCT��H;E= � u B�c$Q]Y u B�U][^TZY_USTu B4srqdTG�H;>? � [ u Y_AdTVc:�@AdQSR QSR4T�qd\!O u q B4\^Y_x u qCA �ZTVcwO&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]TVU�� � srW4YST N 6 � O � �7u Ufc4TVUSO&Y#Ad?�TVcp?�n7`

;>=%� � � � �3�9� R 4�65 � � � � �87 4 <95 < � � � �:7 4 2 5 2 � � � �:7 4<; 5 ; � � � �:7 4 N 5 N � � � �4� � �:7 = 2 5 2 � � � �:7 = N 5 N � � � ��� N 6�� �

;>?+� � � � �3�9� � �mQ 4 < 5 < � � � �?> 4 2 5 2 � � � �4��> = < 5 < � � � �?> =3; 5 ; � � � �?> = 4 5 4 � � � �4� �A@ � 2 � � N 6 C �

��N

Page 13: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� �]� `X79�6@_f 1��b�=79� , ���GI1</J�����^�

(

R

B

? u UST

u X�T4�

Y

� u �

�������

��� �����

� �������

� ��������

��� ��? �

��������

�������

� ���������

� ��� ��� ���!���

������� ���

� O ��������! #"�� &($') #5��) ���b/�1<��.N>� /54M.879�2�^��4=. H#� , .N> ����^�2G�79/�KQ , C 4�/J�=��V� : .879�2.N>: , �=�.N �/ , 7��� C 7D.-�S[=/H�<.]7����+*�:���.?/�

7 :V.879�2H/� :;1<��/(4g.879�2K_���]��"$# : b��� ]:DGM�: /�> C , � :-����>.?��G> �� , �=/�/��� , �.0�>G�#8F :8��: ) � , � �� ]���:;1 E4����� , .N ���-���]� W'G�/� �� �b/J/b� , ��.?�&%('B#0[ ) ��b/#G=G E G��=��.� �/ , .87D�/�: C 7 .879� @_f G�79/KQ ,DC C �^/S[=��-���]� W'G�/� ���=/J/��� , �.0��G #*) :,+�)� , �YWa�^� , �2/54I�=/ , G=.0� , .!%(' #5�")<�^/J�b��� , /�>1<��� J�=�d�=/�/��� , �.0�>G # ) : +@)< , �-WX�^� , �/(4g�=/ , G>.0� , .% �

�fR4TZY_T 5- � �/. u B�c 50- � � . u YST)( TZs^TVB�c�YST�X�\rqdn!B4\rx�A u qCU \^ah\^Y_c4TZY#-Z6 H R4T�X u Y u xyTZQ]TZY_U21 u B�c43 YSTZX)YSTVU]TVB+QQSR4T � ?�TZY u B4srqdT�X u Y u xyTZQ]TZY#UGQSR u Q � TZY_T�\^X�QSACx�A �ZTVcp?�n��fA -]O_D^TVB TZQ u q�6 H R4Tma�\rW)B�c \^X�QSACx W�x [ u qCW4TVU u Y_TqCACUSQ]TVcwACB Q u ?)qdT N 6 � 657698:<;�=?>A@�BDCFE9GIHJ2KMLONPKML�QSRUTWVYX/Z[GI\SR2]_^�R`ZaKcbSdcL�R2E_KcZIKcJeR`GfRUZITgVYX/ZaKh\SX/JeX/dcRUbSXcQ_TiTjGfZkKMH�bml9H*TnGIZfH�^SQ9GIHX/bol9QSZIHbSd

RnpnRrqsGIHX/b?t_KcTulSRv]_bSRrl&Hb�w9xzyeKMb_l{w9x |Sx }I}!�� �)� � �!���� � � �� ��� !� .�*� �!���� �X u Y u x�TZQ]TZY \^X�QSACx W�x [ u q W4T X u Y u xyTZQ]TZY \^X�QSACx W�x [ u qCW4T7 4�

J 6 � C N > 4 < P J 6 C N C7 4 < P � 6 � C > 4 2 J 6�� J N7 4 2 P J 6 ��N L > = < J 6�� J �7 43; J 6 ��N � > =3; J 6 � C �7 4 N P J 6 J C � L > = 4 J 6 J � JML7 = 2 J 6 J � N�L7 = N P J 6 J � J �

=@U_ACB4slQSR4TVUSTpX u Y u xyTZQ]TZY_U QSR4T Q]Y u B�USx W4Y u q O&\rW4Y_U]Tp\^a�QSR4TpR�TVqCA2� � ?�TZY u B4srqCT Y u B4s^TVU ?�TZQ/� TZTVB CMJ9~u Q QSR4TpTVB)c4\�O u Y#c Q]\ @ � J9~ u Q QSR4T TZX1ACO u Y_c 6 H R4Tpx u �4ACx W�x [ u qCW4Tp\^aGQSR4T Q]Y u B�U][^TZY_UST � ?�TZY u B4srqdTpA Uqd\!O u Q]TVc u Q QSR4TfTVB�c�\�O u Y_c)A u q4USACc4Tf\^a7QSR�Tfx n^\!O u Y_c�A u q%� u qCq u B�c QSR4Tfqd\rB4srACQSW�c�ACB u q!O&\rW4Y#U]Tf\^a�QSR4Tmx�ACc � u qCqQ]Y u B�US[^TZY_U]T � ?�TZY u B4srqCT�Y u B4s^TVU�aYS\rx @ � J9~mu QfQSR4T u X�T4� Q]\ N�~mu QfQSR4T�? u U]T�� � srW4YST N 6 N �#6

8 ACQSR�ACBjQSR4TGO u Y_c�A u O6� u qCq%QSR�TGT�M+W u QSAC\rBj\^a7O&\rB�U]TZYS[ u QSAd\rB�\^a7xy\rxyTVB+QSW�x � u U�W)U]TVc<�fR�ACqdT B4TZsrqdTVO&QSACB�s[^\rqCW�x�TZQ]Y_ACO u B�clA B4TZYSQSA u q7a\^Y_O&TVUZ`

)� $/� � )J � N 6 � �

g*Y_TVUSUSW4YSTwqd\ u c)Uy\rB QSR4TlTVB)c4\�O u Y#c�ACW�x u B�c TZX)A O u Y_c�ACW�x � TZYST3R4\rx�\^s^TVB4TZ\rW�U �/u B�c T�M�W u qGQ]\ QSR�T0( F

� �

Page 14: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� �]� `X79�6@_f 1��b�=79� , ���GI1</J�����^�

−1 0 1−50

0

50

100

helix

ang

le [d

eg]

� u �

� � J

� −1 0 1−40

−30

−20

−10

0

10

tran

sver

se a

ngle

[deg

]

�? �� � J�� �� � J

� � @)�

� −1 −0.5 0 0.5

−30

−20

−10

0

10

tran

sver

se a

ngle

[deg

]

� O �

� � J

� � @ � u B�c �

�������! #"�� &�� ) ���]� :DG>.����.� �/ , /543.]7�� 1M��/(Z\[=�� /�> �� , .?��.� �/ , , .]7�� 1</J�����z' #0�K) .N�� , G=12:;����V�=/:;=G��e/(4<7���� FdZ\[=��� , C �^�K:B#5[ ) .N�� , G>1M:;����+�=/:;=G���/(4e.879�e.N�� , G>H#��=G��gZ [=�� � , C �^�K: #5�")%�^/ , C ].�:��� , ���Y�=/:;=G�� /(4e.879�.N�� , G>H#��=G��_Z [b��I� ,DC �^�J�

O u [!AdQvnwX�YSTVUSUSW�YST ����� u B)c �ZTZYS\ � YSTVUSX7TVO&QSAC[^TVqdn1`

)� $c� $,)� � J u Q�QSR�T�TZX)ACO u Y_c)ACW�x � N 6 N �)� $c� $,)� � ����� u Q�QSR4T�TVB)c4\�O u Y#c�ACW�x � N 6�� �

�fAdQSR{�-YSTZX�YSTVU]TVB+QSACB4smQSR4T Q]\^Q u q%B u W�O_R+njUSQ]YSTVUSU � O&\rxyX�\rU]TVc \^a u X u USU_Ad[^T0� � � u B�c u B u O&QSAd[^TGO&\rxyX�\rB4TVB+Q���� C� u qd\rB4syQSR�T c�AdYSTVO&QSAC\rB \^a QSR4Tjx n^\ � ?�TZY )-�� `

� � � ���� )-�� )-�� � N 6 � J �

g u USUSAd[^T�QSACU_USW4TjUSQ]YSTVUSU2� A U@B4\rB)qCACB4T u Y@TVq u U]QSACO � Q]Y u B�US[^TZY_U]TyACU]\^Q]YS\^X1ACO u B�c R u U u q u YSs^T ?)W�qdDwxy\!c�W�q W�UZ6H R4T u O&QSAd[^TpU]Q]Y_TVUSU�� ACUjc4TZX�TVB�c4TVB�c \rB-QSACxyT�TVq u X)U]TVc-U_ACB�O&T�c4TZX�\rq u Y_A � u QSAd\rB � U u Y_O&\rxyTZYST qdTVB4s^QSR u B)cU u Y_O&\rx�TZYST USR4\^Y_Q]TVB�ACB4s�[^TVqd\!OZAdQon

H \3X�YSTZ[^TVB+Q�Y_AdsrACc ?�\!c4n xy\^QSAd\rB � xy\^QSAd\rB ACB QSR4T�? u U]T Q]\ u X�T4� c)AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB�� u U � ��TVc u QjQSR4T�? u USTu B�c$OZAdY_OZW�x�a�TZYSTVB+QSA u q xy\^QSAd\rB � u U�USW�X�X�YSTVUSUSTVclACB QSR4YSTZT X7\rA B%QSU u QmQSR�Tj? u U u q2TVB�c�\�O u Y_c)ACW�x � u B+Q]TZY_Ad\^Y �X�\rU]Q]TZY_Ad\^Y �7u B�c q u Q]TZY u q � � � USACx W�q u QSAd\rB ` ��#� �#6 H R4T U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rB�� u U�X�TZYSa\^Y_xyTVc �fAdQSR u B TVB�c!Poc�A u USQ]\rqCACOX�YSTVU_USW4YST \^a � D!g uwu B�c u ?�TZsrACB!P T -]TVO&QSAd\rB X�YSTVU_USW4YST \^a � J D!g u 6ye@B4\^QSR�TZY�USACx W�q u QSAd\rB � u U�X�TZYSa�\^Y#xyTVc�fAdQSR u B TVB�c4Poc�A u U]Q]\rqCA O X�YSTVUSUSW�YSTl\^a � 6�� D!g u(u B)c ?�TZsrACB!P T -]TVO&QSAd\rB X)YSTVUSUSW4Y_Tw\^a � � D!g u � USACx W�q u QSAC\rB `��� ��� �+� �#6 H R4TyX�YSTVU_USW4YST&P [^\rqCW)xyT�qd\�\^X)U�a\^Y QSR4T c)A217TZY_TVB%Q U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rB�U u YST c�ACU]X1q u n^TVc ACB � srW4YST N 6 � 6H R4T ���� u B�c ��� ��� �+� USACx W�q u QSAd\rB O u B ?�TlO&\rB�U_ACc4TZYSTVc u U�QSR�TlO u Y_c�A u O O&n!OZqdTl\^am\rB4TlR4T u YSQ9�fACQSR uc�A21�TZYSTVB+QGX�YST&P u B�c u a�Q]TZY_qC\ u c 6

! W4Y_ACB4s � qCqCACB�s � ( F A B ��\ � � u U USA xjW�q u Q]TVc ?�n M+W u U_A PoU]Q u QSACO ACB�O&YST u U]T \^a�X�YSTVU_USW4YSTlaYS\rx �ZTZYS\(Q]\QSR4TwTVB�c4Poc�A u U]Q]\rqCA O � #$' ��X�YSTVU_USW4YST � A B N J QSACxyTVU]Q]TZX)U�\^a � J x�UV6 ! W4Y#ACB4s$QSR4TlACU]\�[^\rqCW�x�ACO O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB� 3 + ��X1R u U]T � O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAd\rBKA B QSR4T x�\�c4TVq"� u UpACB�AdQSA u Q]TVc U]n�B)O_R4YS\rB�\rW�USqdn^68( F X�YSTVUSU_W4YSTlACB QSR)ACUyX)R u UST� u UfTVU]QSA x u Q]TVc U_W�O_R3QSR u Q ( F O u [�ACQonl[^\rqCW)xyT YSTVx u ACB4TVclO&\rB�USQ u B%QZ6 ! W4Y_A B4s�T -]TVO&QSAd\rB �1u \^Y_QSACO ��\ � u B)cX�YSTVU_USW4YST�� TZYST YSTVq u Q]TVc$?�n u QSR4YSTZT&P TVqdTVxyTVB+Q�8 A B�c4D^TVUSU]TVqhxy\!c4TVq�6 H R4T u \^Y_QSACO [ u qd[^T \^X�TVB4TVc �fR4TVB?( FX�YSTVU_USW4YST T4�!O&TZTVc�TVc u \^YSQSACO X�YSTVU_USW4YST � c4T � B�TVc ACB$QSR4Tyxy\!c4TVq u U�?�TZsrACB!P T -]TVO&QSAd\rB X�YSTVU_USW4YST^6 �fTZ[^TZY_U u q \^au \^YSQSACO"��\ � OZqd\rU]TVc�QSR�T�[ u qC[^T � U]Q u YSQSA B4s�QSR4TfA U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACO/YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB � 3�4 � X)R u UST^6 ! W4Y_A B4s�QSR4T 3 + � T - TVO&QSAd\rBu B�c 3�4 X)R u U]T�QSACx�TVU]Q]TZX)U3� TZYST�Q u D^TVB3\^a N x�UZ6

H R4TGT�M�W u QSAd\rB�U*YSTVq u Q]TVcyQ]\ x�TVO_R u B�A OZU5� N 6 �kP N 6�� �I� TZY_TfU]\rqd[^TVc�W)USACB4s u$� B)AdQ]T/TVqdTVxyTVB+Q xyTZQSR4\!c � �fACQSRN �kPoB4\!c4TVc3R�T4� u R4TVc�Y u q TVqCx�TVB%QSU)�fAdQSRwQ]Y_A M+W u c�Y u QSACO�ACB+Q]TZYSX�\rq u QSAd\rB 6 H R4T ( F�� u qCqD� u UmUSW4? c�Ad[!ACc4TVc ACB+Q]\� JrN TVqCTVxyTVB%QSU � �fAdQSR � N6� � c4TZs^YSTZTVUf\^a a�YSTZTVc�\rxw6 H R�T O u qCOZW�q u QSAC\rB�U3� TZYST�X�TZYSa\^Y_xyTVc��fAdQSRlQSR4T�X u O_D u s^T5 I gI�fe ? � 5 I g �fe � ( TVACc�U_O_R4TVB�c u x � QSR4T ? TZQSR4TZY_q u B�c)U �#6

� L

Page 15: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� R .N��� , �=/1+Wa:;.0�.N �/ , �

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000

5

10

15

20

25

LV p

ress

ure

[kP

a]

LV volume [ml]

fill

ic

ejec

ir

�������! #"�� &"!X) � b�>G=G>:;���H�G�� H/� :;1��P��/�/=W'G�4�/�.879��G= ]12:;�^��.� �/ , G J"�� #�� ) � , ��� #"������ #��� )�� � , � E �� ��#G>.?/��^�3 �G , � ��=�.0�=� KQ ].87c.879�eG=1���]�Y[b/�F #�� )�� %'&(& Z��]� ,DC ' 6(8� �G�/�H#/�� :;12 �� �=/ , .N�����.� �/ , ' CED0C8 �3;��=��.� �/ , ' 6(G �G�/H/� :;1M ��2����^��F ��.� �/ , �

D&�5D � %I���!. � , ( J � + %'�H%�./( �1�e [ u Y_ACTZQon \^a xyTZQSR4\!c�UGR u U�?7TZTVBwW)U]TVc Q]\GM+W u B%QSAdan QSR�Tm[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW)q u Y�xyTVO_R u B�ACOZUGQSR4Y_\rW4srR4\rW4Q u O u Y_c�A u OO&n!OZqdT^6 H TVO#R�B�A M�W4TVU�a\^Y xyT u USW�Y_ACB4s ACB!P [!Ad[^\J� u q qGc4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB�U u YST3T^69s46 OZACB��TZY u c�Ad\^s^Y u X)R�ACO ACx u srA B4s\^a�Y u c)Ad\^X u M�W4T x u YSD^TZY#U

; 6 >�68976 < ; 6 < N 6 < 976 < ;76825;76 ; � u B�c F � � Q u s^srACB4s46 N � B(QSR4T U]QSW�c�AdTVU X�YSTVU]TVB+Q]TVc ACB QSR�A UO_R u X�Q]TZYf[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u YfU]Q]Y u ACB)U � TZYSTjc4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB�TVc a�YS\rx YSTVO&\^Y_c4TVclx�\^QSAd\rBw\^ahY u c�Ad\^X u M�W4T�x u Y_D^TZY_UZ6

8 ACQSRpQSR�T�W�U]T�\^a OZACB��TZY u c�Ad\^s^Y u X)R+n QSR�T�YSTVq u QSAd[^T�xy\^QSAd\rB \^a QSR4T�x u YSD^TZY#U � u UGQ]Y u OSD^TVc 6 E n u USUSW�xyPACB4s u R4\rxy\^s^TVB4\rW�Ujc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB QSR�T qd\!O u q�QSR4YSTZT c)ACxyTVB�USAC\rB u q�( u s^Y u B4srA u B U]Q]Y u ACB � u Ujc4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB�TVc 6H R4T u USUSW)xyX�QSAd\rB \^a2R4\rx�\^s^TVB4\rW�U�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rB A U@-SW�U]QSA � TVc �fR�TVBpQSR�TmTZX1ACO u Y_c�A u q � ?�TZY/c�AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB)U u B)cx u Q]TZY_A u q/X�YS\^X�TZY_AdTVU c4\ B4\^Q�[ u YSn(USACsrB�A � O u B+QSqdn ?�TZQ/� TZTVB QSR4Tlx u YSD^TZY_UZ6 H \ \^?�Q u A B u x u QSR4TVx u QSACO u qc4TVUSO&Y#AdX�QSAd\rBy\^a u R4\rxy\^s^TVB4\rW)U c�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB � QSR�T@x u Q]TZY_A u q)qCACB�T�TVqdTVxyTVB+Q��,)�f\^a u x u Q]TZY_A u q�X�\rACB+Q ACB�QSR�Tc4TZa\^Y_xyTVc R�T u YSQ�O u B ?�T�c4TVUSO&Y_AC?7TVc �fACQSR u c4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB s^Y u c)AdTVB%Q�Q]TVB)U]\^Y�� u B�c QSR4T�O&\^YSYSTVU]X�\rB�c)ACB4sx u Q]TZY_A u q qCACB4T�TVqdTVx�TVB%Q��,)� � ACB QSR�T�YSTZa�TZY_TVB�O&T U]Q u Q]T^6

� )� ��� $�� )� � � N 6 �:� �H R4T s^Y u c�AdTVB+QwQ]TVB�U]\^Y�� O&\rB%Q u ACB)U3ACB4a\^Y_x u QSAC\rB u ?7\rW�QwQSR4T-qd\!O u q�YS\^Q u QSAd\rB u B�c U]Q]YSTZQSO#R�ACB4s \^a�xjn+P\!O u Y_c�ACW�x A BKQSR�T YSTZsrAd\rB U]X u B�B4TVc ?�nKQSR4T(x u YSD^TZY_UZ6 H R4T Y_AdsrACc!P ?�\!c4n xy\^QSAd\rB \^ajQSR4T(x u YSD^TZY_UlA UT4�4OZqCW�c4TVc � ?�n W�USACB4s�QSR4T)( u s^Y u B4srA u B3U]Q]Y u ACBwQ]TVB)U]\^Y � `

� � �N �����8$�� @ � � N 6 ��N �

�fR4TZY_T ACU�QSR�T�ACc4TVB+QSAdQon Q]TVB�U]\^Y � � � QSR4TyQ]Y u B�U]X�\rU]T�\^a���6�5!ACB�O&T � T u YST�ACB+Q]TZYSTVU]Q]TVc ACB qd\!O u q�O u Y_c�A u Oc4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB � � T W)U]T u qd\!O u q O u Y_c�A u O O&\+\^Y_c)ACB u Q]T�U]n!U]Q]TVx��,)- ,! )- (" )- �$# � � srW4YST N 6 L �#6

H R4T�x u -]\^Y_AdQon \^a QSR4T�T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q USQSW�c�AdTVU0�fAdQSR$Y u c)Ad\^X u M�W4Tjx u Y_D^TZY_U�R u [^T M�W u B+QSA � TVc$s^TVB4TZY u qU]n!U]Q]\rqCACOyc�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�U �@AdQSR YSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T Q]\ QSR4T�TVB�c4Poc�A u U]Q]\rqCA O USQ u Q]T^6lif\ � TZ[^TZY � ACB QSR4T ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVqhQSR4T�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB$s^Y u c)AdTVB%Q�Q]TVB)U]\^Y%� �'& (*) � YSTZa�TZY#U�Q]\wQSR4T�R4T u YSQ�ACB$QSR4T �ZTZYS\MP X�Y_TVUSUSW4YSTyY_TZa�TZYSTVB)O&TU]Q u Q]T^6 H \ O&\rx�X u YST QSR4T c u Q u \^a QSR4T x�\�c4TVq>�fAdQSR QSR4T T4��X�TZY_ACx�TVB%Q u q c u Q u QSR4T c�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB3s^Y u c�AdTVB+QQ]TVB�U]\^Y�� ACU*c�T � B4TVc � �@R�ACO_R�srAd[^TVU*QSR4T@c4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rBy\^a u x u Q]TZY#A u q�qCACB�T TVqCTVxyTVB%Q�� )� (*) � ACByQSR4Tfc�TZa�\^Y_x�TVcR4T u YSQ6�fAdQSRpYSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T�Q]\ u O&\^YSYSTVU]X�\rB�c�A B4s x u Q]TZY_A u q1qCA B4TfTVqdTVx�TVB%Q�� )� )+( ACBpQSR4T�TVB�c c�A u U]Q]\rqCA OfU]Q u Q]T � U]TZT

� �

Page 16: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� R .N��� , �=/1+Wa:;.0�.N �/ , �

)-12

)-/0

)- . )- (

)-��

)- ,& <

& 2

�������! #"�� &�� ) � , .0��NWX���.0�.N �/ , /54P.]7��3�=/J/��� , �.0�dG>�#G=.0��1gG�� � �9IS�� � �GNWa�����=��1�� , .6K_�#G�1��=�#G>:;��=�eKQ ].87%b�>GNW��b��..0/�.]7��OZAFD�=� C �^/�[=��� �=��>.?��G> �� , �=/�/��� , �.0� G>�#G=.0��1������� :����� :����� � `'/� �G�/�^��.?� �=���� ���� �S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ ,4=�/�1 > C �� [b/J���1�/H��1<� , .7:\� �GNWa�����=��1�� , .�GIK_����I���4���>��=�P.?/P�^/��=���A�=�>.0�>G> �� , �=/�/��� , �.0�6G>�#G>.?��1����� �� ������ ����� :+KA7; ��b7 1�/H�=� KQ ].87%1��9IS��=G������ ��0Wa���G�� , .�Gd� : , ].+H�=��.0/d , ��S� ����V�� ]��=��.N �/ , :�������0Wab�>G�� , .�G�.]7��-�� ]���:;1 4����� , .N ��� � ]��=��.� �/ , � , ���� � .]7��+��/ , C ].N:�� , ���a�� ]��=��.N �/ , � � , �S��� ].N �/ , .879�-.879�WX> , �� W9���!G>.N�� , G #����d� , ��� } )�����g , � ��=��.?�=���

� srW4Y_T N 6���6

� )� (*) � � � �'& (*) � $!� )� � ��� $�� )� )+( � N 6 � � �� )� ) ( � � �'& ) ( $�� )� � � N 6 � L �

t YS\rx T�M+W u QSAd\rB N 6 � � u B)c N 6 � L AdQGa\rqCqd\ �fU/QSR u Q

� �'& (*) � $�� )� � ��� $�� �'& ) ( $ � )� � � N 6 � � �u B�cwQSR�W�U �

� � � �'& (*) � $���� <�'& ) ( � N 6 � C �

H R4T U]Q]Y u ACB�U O&\rxyX)W�Q]TVc(?�n 5 I gI�@e ? � TZYSTwACB O u YSQ]TVUSA u B O&\�\^Y_c�A B u Q]TVU�O&\^YSYSTVU]X�\rB�c�A B4slQ]\ QSR4T � �!TVcO&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]T�USn�U]Q]TVx � )- . � )- 0 � )- 2 # 6 H R4T�U]Q]Y u A B�U�ACB QSR4T�T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q c u Q u u YST�YSTZaTZYSYSTVcwQ]\ u qd\!O u q O&\+\^Y]Pc�ACB u Q]TmU]n!U]Q]TVx �,)- , )- ( )- � # 6 H R4T�O&\rxyX)W�Q]TVcwU]Q]Y u ACB�� � � a�\^Y u X�\rACB+Q ACB QSR4T�[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdT � u UGQ]Y u B�USa�\^Y_x�TVcQ]\ qd\!O u q U]Q]Y u ACBwx u Q]Y_ACO&TVU��'& � � ~ ( � �#6

& � � ~ ( � � ! )- ,#" $ � $ )- ,$" )- ,#" $ � $ )- (%" )- ,#" $ � $,)-�� ")- (%" $ � $ )- ,$" )- (%" $ � $ )- (%" )- (%" $ � $ )-�� ")-�� " $ � $ )- ,$" )-�� " $ � $ )- (%" )- � " $ � $ )-�� "

&'�

! &), , &", ( & , �& (H, & (/( & ( �& � , & � ( & ���

&'� N 6 � � �

i@TZYST8)- ,�ACU/QSR4T�qC\�O u q�Y u c)A u q c�AdYSTVO&QSAC\rB � )- (/QSR4T�qd\!O u q OZAdY#OZW�xyaTZYSTVB%QSA u q7c)AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB u B�c )-�� QSR4T qC\�O u q qd\rB�srA PQSW�c�A B u q�c�AdYSTVO&QSAd\rBwA BwO u YSQ]TVUSA u B O&\+\^Y_c)ACB u Q]TVU�c�ACYSTVO&QSAd\rB \^a u X�\rACB%Q�c�T � B4TVc u U

)- ,#"��)( )+( � �*( �( � )-/. " �+(-,( � )-/0 " �+(/.( � )-12 " � N 6 � N �

� C

Page 17: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

� �'& (*) �� �'& )+( �

� )� �� )� ) (

� )� (*) �

��������� ;�=?>?B R �=79��1<��.� �����?WX���G�� , .0�.N �/ , /54 .]7;��=��� �-���� , .!G>.?��.?��G # J��b/ E Wab�>G=G>:;�� G>.0�.0�K:!� , �I�� ��#G>.?/�� ��+G>.?��.?��� , �.]7��+����4�/>1��=�6G>.0�.0�")6� , �6.879�+�=/�>��>GNW�/ , � , C ����4�/>1��.N �/ ,�C ����� �� , .A.0� , G�/=G�[b��.NK_�b� , .879�-� �+���� , .G=.0�.0��G��

)- (%"�� ( )+( � �)( �( � )-1. " � (-,( � )-/0 "�� (/.( � )-12 " � N 6 � � �

)-�� " � ( )+( � � ( �( � )-/. " � (-,( � )-/0 " � (/.( � )-12 " � N 6 N J ��fAdQSR )+ u OZO&\^Y_c�A B4syQ]\yT�M+W u QSAd\rB N 6 L 6 H R4T�USW4?)USO&Y#AdX�Q �lY_TZa�TZY_U/Q]\ QSR4T�[^TVO&Q]\^Y@c�ACYSTVO&QSAd\rBwACB QSR4T�Y_TZa�TZYSTVB)O&TU]Q u Q]T^6 t ACsrW4YST N 6 C USR4\ �fU u [�A USW u q�ACB+Q]TZYSX�YSTZQ u QSAd\rB \^ahQSR4T�U]Q]Y u A BwO&\rxyX�\rB4TVB%QSU/\^a#& � � ~ ( � A B u O&n!qCACB)c4TZYV6

&)(*(

& , ,

& � � � )- ()-��)- ,

)- ()- ,

)-��)- ,

� u � �? � � O � � c ��������! #"�� &���) R �b7���1��.N ��>GO ]�]� :DG>.N��.N , C .879�YG>.N�� , �=/1+W�/ , � , .�GO/(4 � � ���#��� � , ������ , �S���� #5��)3� �� , ����O ]�]� :DG>.�b�. E

,DC .879� ,'E Wa�^� , ��G>.���� , �=/1+W9/ , � , .�GI'A����� ���9G>.N�� , � # :A�� ]���:;1V4����� , .N ���9G=.N��� , � ��� � , �O��/ , C ].N: E�� , ��9G=.N��� , � � � ��#0[ )M� �� , ���� ]�]� :DG>.�b�.N , C G�7��b���� , C �^���-: .879��.! �G\b���^��.?�=�O.0/O.879���� ]���:;1 4����� , .N ��� E�^/ , C ].�:��� , ����G>.N�� , � � � ��#5� )d`9�� , G>H#��=G��+G��=��.� �/ , /(4 .]7��-���� , ����+ ]�]� :DG>.N��.N , C G�79�=�-� , C �^��� :A.]7��. �G<����^�.0�=� .?/ .879�d�� ]���:;1V4����� , .N ��� E ����� ����G>.N�� , � �� � #5��)d@!/ , C ].�:��� , �� G��=��.� �/ , /542.]7��d���� , �S�� ]�]� :DG>.N��.N , C G�79�=�2� , C �^��� :_.879��._ �GI����^�.0�=��.0/�.879�I�^/ ,DC ].N:�� , �� E ��S� ����AG>.N�� , � � �

D&�=m EF(0J ���G� .O ( � (�� J ����OI+�����) �!��) , (0J�� + %'��) ) ���M(�� J �H%I./( �1�5�\rxyT�USQSW�c�AdTVU � TZYST�a\�OZW)USU]TVc \rB u USX7TVOZA � O X u YSQ�\^a QSR4T O u Y_c)A u OyO&n�OZqCTy\rB�qdn^6 i@TZYST�O&\rxyX u Y#ACU]\rB�U u Y_TYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcK?�TZQ/� TZTVB T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q@c u Q u-u B�c8( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZU xy\!c4TVq@QSR4YS\rW4srR4\rW�Q�QSR4T$TVB%QSAdY_T O u Y_c�A u OO&n!OZqdT < 6 H R4T�X�\rACB+QSU/Q u D^TVBwa�Y_\rx QSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B�ACOZUGxy\!c4TVq � TZYST�O_R4\rUSTVBwQ]\ u X�X�YS\ �!A x u Q]T�QSR4T�USAdQ]TVU u Uc4TVUSO&Y#Ad?�TVc A B QSR4T�T4�!X7TZY#ACxyTVB+QSU � U]TZT � srW4Y_T N 6 �+6

� �"!$#&%(' )+*,%.-0/214365718/219)+3+3+:7;</�'21=/ %.5>)+->/ ?7%�@BAC:$' %.;ED&%.3+FHGIGJ14;�5K)+A4)+/21=3+)ML(%H5ND0O ;�PH14-K-7)+-7AQ/ ?K%R@BA4:K' %.;�S�' FC*T/ ?K%UF4' )+AC)+-7143#B1=#&%(' ;�1=-B5U/214VW)+-7A�; 14*,#K3M%X#&FC)+-0/ ;JF4SY/ ?7%Z' %.#&F4'�/ %.595K1=/21$[6\�%.PH14:K;�%�F4SY/ ?7)+;.]W/ ?7%Z%(!$#&%(' )+*,%.-0/2143B571=/21E#K' %(;�%.-0/ %H5^?K%(' %Z*_1HO;�3+)+AC?0/ 3`Oa5$)+bc%�'ZS�' FC*d/ ?K%E14P(/ :7143Y%(!$#&%(' )+*,%.-0/2143Y5718/21R)+-9/ ?7%E18'�/ )+P.3+%.;.[

� �

Page 18: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

� ���$ � �)�

� ����� � .�

#

# x�ACc4P [^TVB%Q]Y_A OZqdT

T�M�W u Q]\^Y

�������! #"�� &���) � /� , .�G-.0� IS� , 4=b/1 .879�+@_f 1<�=�=79� , ���G-1�/��S���X.0/��bW�WX�/�FS ]1��.0�6.879�Y�� C �/ , ��XG> ].?��GY�GO����G���> �[=�=�< ,.879�3��F�W���> ]1�� , .�G�� `X79� ��/.�G #���)3��0Wa���G�� , . .]7����� C �/ , �� G> ].?��G , �=�21M ���K_��]� ��.-�+*�:���.?/�> ���Q�^��H���#^W�/ , .0B �"��� )F# �M/�: C ���#G ��.g��^�H:efA ]�]�^���=��� ��.g���� ) � , � , �=�3.]7�� �?WX ��b���� ]:;1 �.612 ��H� , .�> ���:;�^��^��H��� # W�/ , .?BO����K) #�A� ,', ��. ���� )��

� � � � �� ������� ��� ��� �,!�� � � � �� �)��� ! \rW4srq u UGTZQ u q 6)� � �:� � � > U]QSW�c�ACTVcpQSR�T�USQ]Y u ACB R�ACU]Q]\^Y_npc�W4Y#ACB4s QSR�TT -]TVO&QSAd\rBwACB QSR4T�O u B�ACB4T�qdTZaQ/[^TVB%Q]Y_A OZqdT^6 H \yc4\�QSR�A U ��u USTZQ \^a Y u c�Ad\^X u M+W4Tm?�T u c�U6� TZY_T�A xyX)q u B+Q]TVcpA BpQSR�TqdTZaQ [^TVB%Q]Y_A OZW�q u Y�aYSTZT � u qCq!\^a1QSR4T�ACU]\rq u Q]TVcyO u B�ACB4TGR4T u YSQZ6h8 AdQSR�QSR4T�W�U]T/\^a�OZACB��TZY u c�AC\^s^Y u X)R+n QSR4TGxy\^QSAd\rB\^a QSR4T�x u YSD^TZY#U"� u UGQ]Y u OSD^TVc u B�cwQSR�T qd\!O u q�QSR4YSTZT c�A xyTVB�USAd\rB u q'( u s^Y u B4srA u B U]Q]Y u ACB�� u Ufc4TZQ]TZY#x�ACB4TVc 6

H R4T R4T u YSQSU � TZY_T/U_W4?�-]TVO&Q]TVcjQ]\�c�A 17TZYSTVB+Q2X)YST&P u B)c u aQ]TZY_qd\ u c�UV6 emUhYSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T/O&\rB � srW4Y u QSAC\rB u USACB�srqdTYSTZaTZYSTVB�O&TfUSQ u Q]Tfa\^Y*\rB4TfR4T u Y_QK� u U W�U]TVc 6 H R�ACU�USQ u Q]T)� u U*O_R4\rUSTVB�Q]\�?�TGQSR4T�TVB)c!Poc�A u U]Q]\rq ACO/U]Q u Q]TfR u [�ACB�sx u �4ACx W�xw6

t AdsrW4YSTVU N 6 NMu PoO�P T�USR4\ � QSR4T T4�!Q]TVB�USAC\rB u q USQ]Y u ACBlACB OZAdY_OZW�x�a�TZYSTVB+QSA u qI�'&5(*(+� � qd\rB4srAdQSW�c)ACB u qK�'& � � � u B)cY u c�A u q c�ACYSTVO&QSAd\rB �'&", ,��jxyT u U_W4YSTVc B4T u Yyx�ACc � u qCq u Q T�M�W u Q]\^Y_A u q qCTZ[^TVq�6 H R4T T4��Q]TVB)USAd\rB u q U]Q]Y u ACB)U u Y_TX)qd\^Q]Q]TVc [!U [^\rqCW�xyT�U]Q]Y u ACB � �fR)ACO_R�� u UGc�T � B4TVcp?+npQSR4TmA B�U]Q u B+Q u B4TZ\rW�U [^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZW�q u Y/[^\rqCW�x�T ( u B)cpQSR�TYSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T�[^\rq W�xyT �� . u U1�

�������� -�� > +���� � � �� ( @ �� . ��� �� . � N 6 N6� ��fR4TZY_T QSR4T YSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T [^\rqCW�xyT� � . � u UhsrAd[^TVBj?+n�QSR�T x u �4ACx W�x [^\rq W�xyT u QhTVB�c!Poc)A u U]Q]\rqdT a�\^Y u qCq�O&n�OZqdTVUV6

� B QSR�T &5(*(m[�UV6 [^\rq W�xyTyU]Q]Y u ACB qC\+\^X)U � TVB�c!Poc�A u USQ]\rqdT�� #(' ��ACU�A B�c�ACO u Q]TVc �fAdQSR QSR�T�USQ u Y_UG���%�#6 I B)c!Pc�A u USQ]\rqdT$� u Ufa�\rq qd\ � TVcw?�n QSR�T ACU]\�[^\rqCW�x�ACO�O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB � 3 + �/c�W4Y#ACB4s �fR�ACO#R:&)(*(GA B�O&YST u U]TVc 6 efaQ]TZYfQSR�A U �QSR4T T - TVO&QSAC\rBjX1R u U]T a\rqCqd\ � TVc��fAdQSR u c�TVO&YST u U]TGACBA&5(*(&6 H R4T c)AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB \^a�QSR4T T - TVO&QSAd\rB X)R u U]T ACU ACB�c�A O u Q]TVc�fAdQSR QSR�T u YSYS\ �@UZ6�efaQ]TZY�TVB�c4P T - TVO&QSAd\rB � #$# � � QSR4TpACU]\k[^\rq W�x�ACO YSTVq u � u QSAd\rB � 3�4 ��X)R u U]T�U]Q u Y_Q]TVc u B�c &5(*(O&\rB+QSACB+W�TVc(Q]\ c4TVO&Y_T u U]T^6 ! W4Y_ACB4s QSR4T � qCqCA B4swX)R u U]T�& (/( ACB)O&YST u U]TVc(? u OSD(Q]\$QSR�T TVB)c!Poc�A u U]Q]\rq ACO�U]Q u Q]T^68 R4TVBl[!AdT�� TVc u U@T4��Q]TVB�U_Ad\rB u q2USQ]Y u ACBw[!UZ6 [^\rqCW�xyT U]Q]Y u ACB � QSR�T YSTVq u QSAC\rB�USR�AdXw?�TZQ7� TZTVB &)(*( u B)cl[^\rqCW�x�TU]Q]Y u A Bwc�W4Y_ACB�s � q qCACB4s u B�cwT -]TVO&QSAd\rB�� u UG[!AdYSQSW u q qdn qCACB�T u YV6

H R4T�U]Q]Y u A B:& ��� c4TVO&YST u U]TVc �fAdQSR T -]TVO&QSAd\rB u B�cwA B�O&YST u U]TVc:�@AdQSR � qCqCA B4s46 H R�T�O_R u B4s^TVU@ACB:& � � c�W4Y#ACB4sQSR4T ACU]\k[^\rq W�x�ACO X)R u U]TVU)� TZYST�USx u q q�6�efs u A B u [�AdY_QSW u qCqdn qCACB4T u Y@YSTVq u QSAd\rB � u Uma\rW�B�c c�W4Y_ACB�s QSR�T � q qCACB4su B�cwT -]TVO&QSAd\rB3X)R u U]T^6

&", , ACB)O&YST u U]TVc:� � u q q P QSR�ACO_D^TVB�ACB4s �2c�W4Y_A B4sfT -]TVO&QSAd\rB u B�c u c4TVO&YST u U]TVc�� � u qCq P QSR)ACB�B�ACB�s ��c�W4Y_A B4s � q qCACB4s46& , , u qCUS\ R u c u YSTVq u QSAd[^T�USx u qCq O_R u B�s^T�A B3U]Q]Y u A B c�W�Y_ACB4syQSR4T�ACU]\�[^\rqCW�x�A O�X)R u USTVU u B�c u B4T u Y_qdnlqCA B4T u YYSTVq u QSAC\rB:� u U�a�\rW�B)cwc�W4Y_ACB�s � qCqCACB4s u B�cwT -]TVO&QSAd\rB 6

� N

Page 19: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

volume strain

circ

umfe

rent

ial s

trai

n E

cc

1234

(a)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

volume strain

circ

umfe

rent

ial s

trai

n E

cc

(b)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

volume strain

long

itudi

nal s

trai

n E

ll

(c)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

volume strain

long

itudi

nal s

trai

n E

ll

(d)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

volume strain

radi

al s

trai

n E

rr

(e)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

volume strain

radi

al s

trai

n E

rr

(f)

��

��

��

��

� �

��

��������� ;�=?>��(B � FS.?� , G> �/ , �� G>.N�� , GYH�G��-H#/�� :;1<�IG>.�b� , �S�b�=/��� ,DC .0/ �2/: C �^�#Gg��. ���^�$# Z C � �D���S� E � E � )3� , ��.879�O@�f1<�=�=79� , ��>GY1</J������4�/-G> ]1M:;���.N �/ , G J"�� #�� )�:���� #� )<� , ��� #"!�� �� #��� ) # Z C � �D���S[ E � E 4 )�� �M/�: C �^�G��.�����I1��=�#G>:;��=�+4�/�:;2�� �+��b� , . �=���� ��S�P�������^��G\4�/</ , �O7��=�>.0� R .�b� , G6K_����21��b�G>:;��=� , �b��I.879�1M ���K_��]�!�._�+*�:��.0/> ���� �^��H���^� �V, ��� ��G>.?/��^�6 �G+ , � ��=�.0�=�<KQ ].873.]7��-G=1���]� [=/�FB#�')��5`a7��I�>b/K G$#� ) , � ��=��.?�M.879�g�� ]��=��.N �/ , /54I.]7��M�A;��=��.N �/ , W979�G����

� �

Page 20: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Ecl

1234

(a)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Ecl

(b)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(c)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(d)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Elr

(e)

−0.8 −0.7 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 −0.2 −0.1 0 0.1−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

volume strain

shea

r st

rain

Elr

(f)

� ��

� �

��

� � �

��

� � �

��������� ;�=?>��(B R 79�=�� G>.�b� , G H�G�� H#/�� :;1���G=.N��� , �S�=�b/��� ,DC .0/ �2/: C �^�G ��.P���^� # Z C � � � � � E � E �")T� , �j.]7�� @�f1<�=�=79� , ��>G�1�/��S���94�/�<G> ]1M:;�^��.� �/ , G J"�� #�� )e� , ��� #"������ #��� ) # Z C � �D� �S[ E � E 4 )�� �2/: C �^�#Gd��.-��^�1<�=�#G>:;��=�Q4�/�:;+� �+���� , .Q�=���� ����6�������^��G!4�/+/ , �V79�=�>.0� R .�b� , G K_����+1<�=�#G>:;��=� , �=� .879�+1M ���K_��]��._�+*�:���.?/�> ���X�^��H#���^� � , �2�� ��#G>.0/�^�I �G+ , �� ��b��.?�=�<KQ ].87d.]7��YG>1<���]�X[=/�F # �4)��5`X79�I��>�/K G # )g , � ��=�.0�.]7��M�� ]��=��.N �/ , /546.879�2�3;��=��.� �/ , W�79�#G��J�

N J

Page 21: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

t AdsrW4YSTVU N 6�� u PoO�P T/USR4\ �-QSR4T*USR�T u Y2U]Q]Y u ACB�A B�QSR4T OZAdY_OZW)xya�TZY_TVB%QSA u qdPoqd\rB4srAdQSW�c)ACB u q �'& ( � � � OZAdY_OZW�xyaTZYSTVB+QSA u q PY u c�A u q%�'&)(H,�� u B�c�qd\rB�srAdQSW�c�ACB u q P Y u c�A u qkX)q u B4T"�'& � , �7[�UV62QSR4T�[^\rqCW)xyT*U]Q]Y u ACB 6 H R4T*O#R u B4s^TVU ACB�OZAdY_OZW�x�a�TZYSTVB+QSA u q Pqd\rB4srACQSW�c�ACB u q@�'& ( � �*U]Q]Y u ACBG� TZYSTmq u YSs^Tmc�W4Y_ACB�s�QSR4T@ACUS\k[^\rqCW�x ACOGX)R u USTVU � ACB)c�ACO u QSACB4s u q u YSs^T@Q/�fA U]QSACB4s u B)cW�B+Q/�fA U]QSACB4s:�Q]\^Y_USAd\rB � \^a QSR4T�R�T u YSQZ6 ! W4Y_ACB�s � qCqCACB4s u B�c T -]TVO&QSAd\rBwQSR4T�R4T u Y_QSU�USR4\ � TVc u qCACB4T u Y/YSTVq u QSAC\rB?�TZQ/� TZTVB & ( � u B�c [^\rqCW�x�TpU]Q]Y u A B 6$emqCU]\ & � , u B�c &)(H,y[ u Y_AdTVc qCACB�T u YA�fAdQSR([^\rqCW�x�T U]Q]Y u ACB 6 H R4T q ACB!PT u Y Y_TVq u QSAd\rB�USR)AdX)U@a�\^Y � qCqCACB4s u B�c T -]TVO&QSAd\rB-A B%Q]TZY_USTVO&Q]TVc � srAd[!ACB4s Y_A U]TyQ]\3U]TZ[^TZY u q*X7\rU_USAd?)qdT X u Q]Q]TZY_B)U�a�\^YU]Q]Y u A B�UGc�W4Y_A B4s c)A217TZY_TVB%QGO u Y_c�A u O�O&n�OZqCTVUZ6 t \^Y�T4� u xyX)qCT�QSR4TA& � , USQ]Y u ACBwACB � srW4Y_T N 6���T � O u Y_c�A u O�O&n�OZqdT �Y_W�B)U O&\rW)B%Q]TZY_OZqC\�O_D �fA U]T � �fR4TZY_T u U�O u Y_c�A u O�O&n!OZqdT L Y_W)B�U/OZqd\�O_D �@ACU]T u B�cwO u Y_c)A u O�O&n�OZqCTVU N u B�c � Y_W)B A Bqd\^X)U_ACc4TVc ?�\ � QSAdTVUV6

t AdsrW4YSTVU N 6 N ?4Poc!P a USR4\ � QSR4T T4��Q]TVB�U_Ad\rB u q�U]Q]Y u ACB)Up[!UZ6 [^\rq W�xyT U]Q]Y u ACB u UwX�Y_TVc�ACO&Q]TVcK?+nKQSR4T ( FxyTVO#R u B�ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq a�\^Y�QSR4T USACx W�q u QSAd\rB)U ���� u B�c ��� ��� �+� 6 efaQ]TZY #(' &)(/(jc4TVO&Y_T u U]TVc c�W4Y_ACB�slQSR4T 3 +X)R u UST � ACB)U]Q]T u c \^a u B ACB�O&YST u USTlxyT u USW4YSTVc ?+n ! \rW4srq u UZ6 emqCU]\ c)W4Y_ACB4s$QSR4T 3�4 X1R u U]TwQSR4T3O#R u B4s^T3A B& (/( � u Uj\^X)X7\rU_AdQ]T QSR4T T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q c u Q u 6 E TZQ/� TZTVB QSR4T O u Y_c�A u OpO&n!OZqdTVU \^a�QSR4T ��#� u B�c ���� � �!�+�USACx W�q u QSAC\rB�U � YSTZX)YSTVU]TVB+QSACB4s u USACx�A q u Y*R4T u YSQ/W�B�c4TZY c�A21�TZYSTVB%Q qd\ u c�ACB�s O&\rB�c�AdQSAC\rB�U �%u qCACB4T u Y YSTVq u QSAd\rB�� u UX�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVcwc�W4Y_A B4s � qCqCACB4s u B�cwT -]TVO&QSAd\rB 6 H R�ACU/qCACB�T u YGYSTVq u QSAd\rBlA U u qCU]\�X�Y_TVc�ACO&Q]TVc a\^Y)& � � u B�c�&), ,�6

t AdsrW4YST N 6���?4Poc!P ajU_R4\ � QSR4T USR4T u YwU]Q]Y u ACB�U u OZO&\^Y_c�ACB4s Q]\ QSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU xy\�c�TVq�6 t \^Yw?�\^QSRUSACx W�q u QSAC\rB�U & ( � c�TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc u B ACB�O&Y_T u U]T3c�W4Y#ACB4s$QSR4T 3 + X)R u UST � ACB)c�ACO u QSACB4s$QSR4TlQ7�fACU]QSA B4s \^amQSR�TR4T u YSQZ6 ! W4Y#ACB4s3QSR�T 3�4 X)R u U]T O#R u B4s^TVUyACBL& ( � � TZYSTwUSx u q q�6 ! W4Y#ACB4s � qCqCACB4s u B)c(T -]TVO&QSAd\rB & ( � [ u Y_ACTVcqCACB�T u YA�fAdQSR([^\rqCW�x�T^6 � B(O&\rx�X u Y_ACU]\rB��fAdQSR(QSR4T xyT u USW4Y_TVxyTVB%QSU � QSR4T X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc�& ( � ACU USx u q q c�W4Y#ACB4sQSR4T A U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACO X)R u U]TVUV6 t ACsrW4YSTVU N 6��Mc u B�c a/USR4\ � & (H, u B�c�& � , [�UZ6y[^\rq W�xyT�U]Q]Y u A B 6 ! W4Y_ACB4s � q qCACB4s&)(*, u B�c & � , YSTVx u ACB)U u ?�\rW4Q O&\rB�U]Q u B+QZ6 ! W4Y_ACB�s T -]TVO&QSAd\rB � QSR4TZnpO#R u B4s^TVc B4\rB�q ACB4T u Y_qdn �fACQSR [^\rqCW)xyT � A BO&\rB+Q]Y u U]QGQ]\�QSR4T�qCACB4T u Y/O_R u B4s^T�a�\rW�B)c A B QSR4TmT4�!X7TZY#ACxyTVB+QSUZ6.&)(H,@c4TVxy\rB�U]Q u Q]TVc u c4TVO&Y_T u U]T�a�\rqCqC\ � TVcp?�nu BlACB)O&YST u U]T^6��mX�X�\rUSACQ]TmO#R u B4s^TVU"� TZYST�X�Y_TVc�ACO&Q]TVc a�\^YfQSR4T & � , c�W4Y#ACB4s T - TVO&QSAd\rB 6 E \^QSRwQSR4T &)(*, u B�c:& � ,USR4\ � X u Q]Q]TZY_B)U�QSR u Qfc)ACU u s^YSTZT$�fACQSR QSR4T�T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%Q u q X u Q]Q]TZY_B�UZ6

t�u B�BwTZQ u q 6)� � �:� � � 9 U]QSW�c)AdTVc Q/� \MPoc�ACxyTVB�U_Ad\rB u q�T4�!Q]TVB�USAd\rB u q c�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�U�ACB QSR4T)( F aYSTZT$� u qCq�\^aTVAdsrR+QjOZqd\rUSTVc!PoO_R4TVUSQ O&\rB�U_OZAd\rW�U O u B)ACB4T R4T u Y_QSUA�fACQSR W�U]Tp\^a Y u c�Ad\^X u M�W4T x u Y_D^TZY_UZ6 H R4Tpx u YSD^TZY_U�� TZY_TX)q u O&TVc(ACB QSR4T USW4?�TZX)ACO u Y#c�ACW�x u Qjx�A c4[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZW�q u Y�qdTZ[^TVq 6 e/Q u B%n QSA xyT u aQ]TZY #$' � O&\+\^Y_c)ACB u Q]TVU�\^aGQSR�Tx u YSD^TZY#UE� TZYST/O&\rxyX u YSTVc Q]\�QSR4TVAdYhTVB�c!Poc)A u U]Q]\rqCACO O&\rB � srW4Y u QSAC\rB Q]\�c4TZY_AC[^T QSR4T Q/� \MPoc�ACxyTVB)USAd\rB u q�U]Q]Y u ACB)UZ6

t AdsrW4YST N 6 � J^u U_R4\ � QSR�TGQSACxyTGO&\rW4Y_U]TVU*\^a1QSR4TGQ7� \MPoc)ACxyTVB�USAC\rB u q!T4��Q]TVB)USAd\rB u q�6 H R4T/X�TZY_Ad\!c \^a7USn�U]Q]\rqCTACU ACB�c)ACO u Q]TVcA�@AdQSR QSR�T u Y_YS\ � ?�TZQ/� TZTVB - � u B�c - - 6#&5(*(hc4TVO&YST u U]TVcyc�W�Y_ACB4sfUSn�U]Q]\rqCT u B)c A B�O&YST u U]TVc�c�W4Y#ACB4sc�A u USQ]\rqdT^6 H R4T/T4��Q]TVB)USAd\rB u q�USQ]Y u ACB9& � � c4TVx�\rU]Q]Y u Q]TVc u Q QSR4TG?�TZsrACB�B�ACB�s@\^a�U]n!U]Q]\rqdT u B�A B�O&YST u U]T � a\rqCqd\ � TVc?�n u c4TVO&YST u U]T^6 ! W�Y_ACB4s�c�A u U]Q]\rqdT & � � ACB)O&YST u U]TVc u s u ACBlQ]\ QSR4T�TVB)c!Poc�A u U]Q]\rq ACOm[ u qCW�T^6 H R4T & ( � USR�\ �fU u BACB�O&Y_T u U]T$�fAdQSRwU]n!U]Q]\rqdT u B�c u c4TVO&YST u USTA�fAdQSRwc)A u U]Q]\rqdT^6

t AdsrW4YST N 6 � J ? USR4\ �fU�QSR u QfQSR4T�QSACxyTjO&\rW4Y_U]TVUfa�\^Y0&)(*( u B�c & ��� u U�X�Y_TVc�ACO&Q]TVcw?�n QSR4T ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVq�a\^Y QSR4T ��#� U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rBJ� TZYST ACB s^\�\!c u s^YSTZTVxyTVB+QA�@AdQSR QSR4T x�T u USW4YSTVxyTVB+QSUZ6 ! W4Y_ACB4slUSn�U]Q]\rqCT& ( � U_R4\ �fU u B A B�O&YST u U]T a�\rq qd\ � TVc ?+n u c4TVO&YST u U]T^6 ! W�Y_ACB4s c�A u U]Q]\rqdT u qCxy\rUSQ�B�\ O#R u B4s^T9� u U�X�YSTVc�A O&Q]TVca\^Y6& ( � 6 E \^QSR U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rB u B�c xyT u USW�YSTVxyTVB+QSU ACB)c�ACO u Q]TVc�QSR u Q6& ( � � u U/USx u qCq �fAdQSRyYSTVUSX7TVO&Q Q]\jQSR�T0& (*(u B�c�& ��� 6FmA qCq u YSYST u q1TZQ u q�6)� � �:� � � 25;jxyT u USW4Y_TVc � �fAdQSRwW�U]T�\^ahY u c�Ad\^X u M+W4T�?�T u c�U � QSR�YSTZT&Poc�ACxyTVB)USAd\rB u q7U]Q]Y u ACB)UB4T u Yyx�ACc%� u qCq u Q�T�M+W u Q]\^Y#A u q/qdTZ[^TVq�6 e@U�ACq qCW�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc ACB N 6 �:� u PoO�P T u B�c N 6 ��N u PoO�P T3QSR�T c u Q u X�Y_TVU]TVB%Q]TVc?�n�F�ACqCq u Y_T u q � u Uf[^TZYSnwUSO u Q]Q]TZYSTVc 6 H R�ACUGx u c�T�YSTVO&\^srB�AdQSAd\rB3\^a X u Q]Q]TZY_B�UfA B QSACxyT�O&\rW4Y_USTVU�\^ahQSR4T U]Q]Y u A Bc�A��pOZW�qdQZ6

t AdsrW4YSTVU N 6 �:� ?�Poc!P a u B�c N 6 ��N ?4Poc!P a�U_R4\ � QSR�TlQSACxyTlO&\rW4Y#U]TVU u U X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc ?�n QSR4T ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVq�6 ! W4Y_ACB4s�U]n!U]Q]\rqdTGQSR4TGT4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q u B�cyO&\rxyX1W4Q u QSAd\rB u q!YSTVU_W�qdQSU ?�\^QSR�X�YSTVc�A O&Q]TVc u q u YSs^TZY*USR4\^Y_Q PTVB�ACB�spACB$OZAdY_OZW�x�a�TZYSTVB+QSA u q2QSR u B A B qd\rB�srAdQSW�c�ACB u q c�AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB � YSTVUSX7TVO&QSAC[^TVqdn u ?�\rW4Q J 6 � � u B�c J 6 � � � srW4YSTVUN 6 �:� u P ?4PoO�Poc��#6 � B Y u c�A u qhc�AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB u qdTVB4s^QSR�TVB�ACB4s�� u U�c4TVx�\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc \^a u ?7\rW�Q J 6 L P J 6�� u Q - - � � srW4Y_TN 6 �:� T&P a �#6 ! W�Y_ACB4syc�A u USQ]\rqdT u BlACB�O&Y_T u U]T � u U�c4TVxy\rB�USQ]Y u Q]TVc3ACB:&5(*( u B�c:& ��� u B)c u c4TVO&YST u U]TjACB:&", ,�6

I �!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q+c u Q umu B)c U_ACxjW)q u QSAd\rB�U ?�\^QSR A B�c�ACO u Q]TVc u USx u qCq & ( � � � srW4YST N 6 ��N u P ? � u B�c u c4TVO&YST u U]TACB &)(H, u aQ]TZY #(' � � srW�YST N 6 ��N O�Poc��#6 F T u U_W4YSTVxyTVB+QSUGACB�c�A O u Q]TVc u B ACB�O&Y_T u U]T@ACB & � , u aQ]TZY # # � �fR4TZY_T u U QSR�Txy\!c4TVq�X�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc u B3ACB)O&YST u U]T u aQ]TZY #(' � � srW4YST N 6 ��N T&P a �#6

N6�

Page 22: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

time [ms]

stra

in

EccEllEcl

(a)

ed ee

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

stra

in

time [ms]

EccEllEcl

(b)

ed ee

��������� ;�=?>A@��(B<`! ]1<�%�=/�:;=G��%/(4e.879��G>.�b� , G � ��� :�� � � :�� � � �#G�1<�=�#G>:;��=� [�� !� ,�, ��.P���� # Z C � �D�]�����K) � , �Wab�b�� ���.0�=�3[��P.879�O@_f 1<�=�=79� , ���GI1</J������4�/g.]7�� #" � G> ]1M:;���.N �/ , #�� )B# Z C � � �]����[ )�� R .�b� , G6K_����1��b�G>:;��=� , �=��6.]7��6G>:�[=�?WX ��=���� ]:;1 ��.\12 ��H� , .�> ���:;�^��I�^��H#��� ��:;> , C / , �2�=���� ����<�������^�J�

� �+�*���(� ���$� �2��� �� � � �����!� E/u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAC\rB A Upc4T � B4TVc u U QSR4T$YS\^Q u QSAd\rB \^ajQSR4T u X�T4� �fACQSRYSTVU]X�TVO&Q Q]\ QSR�Tp? u UST u YS\rW�B)c-QSR4T qd\rB4s u �!A U \^a�QSR�T [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdT^6 E TZn u Y TZQ u q�6 � � � N � � ; T4� u x�A B4TVc-QSR�Tc4n!B u x�ACOZU \^a�O_R u xj?�TZYjQ7�fACU]Q u B�c AdQSU�YSTVq u QSAd\rB Q]\ xyT u B(Y u c�A u q USR4\^YSQ]TVB�A B4slQSR4YS\rW�srR4\rW4Q QSR�TpO u Y_c�A u OO&n!OZqdT^6 H \ u O#R�AdTZ[^T QSR�ACU�Y u c�AC\^X u M+W�Ty?7T u c)U � TZYST ACxyX1q u B%Q]TVc A B QSR4T xjn^\�O u Y#c�A u q x ACc � u qCqh\^a QSR�T qdTZaQ[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZqdTj\^a*USA2�3O u B�ACB�TVUZ6 H R4TjX7\rU_AdQSAd\rB�UG\^a�QSR�T ?�T u c�U5� TZYSTjQ]Y u OSD^TVc u B)clQSR4YSTZT&Poc)ACxyTVB�USAC\rB u q xy\^QSAd\rB� u U�YSTVO&\rB�USQ]Y_W�O&Q]TVc 6 e s^Y u c�AdTVB+Q�\^a Y u c�A u q�YS\^Q u QSAC\rBlaYS\rx u X�T4�wQ]\ ? u U]T$� u Umc4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB�TVc u B�cwYSTVq u Q]TVcQ]\ B4\^Y#x u qCA �ZTVc [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Y�[^\rqCW�xyT^6

� BpQSR4T�xy\!c4TVq � ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAd\rBwACU T4��X)YSTVUSU]TVc ?�n QSR4TmX u Y u xyTZQ]TZY�� 2 & � � 6 H R�ACU X u Y u xyTZQ]TZYACUGc4TZY#Ad[^TVc u U�a\rqCqd\ �fUZ6 H R4T u B4srqCT�\^a Y_\^Q u QSAd\rB� 2 \^ahQSR4T x�A c � u q q7B�\�c4TVU u Q@U]TZ[^TVB3qd\rB�srAdQSW�c�ACB u q)qdTZ[^TVqCU� u UfQ u D^TVB$2r6 H R4T ?�TVU]Qfq ACB4T u Y � QfQSR4YS\rW4srR3QSR4Tjx�A c � u q q YS\^Q u QSAd\rB [�UV6 QSR�Tjqd\rB4srACQSW�c�ACB u q�O&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]T \^aQSR4TVU]TjB4\�c�TVU � u U@c4TZQ]TZY_x�ACB�TVc u B�clx W�qdQSAdX)q AdTVc ?�n QSR4T x�ACc%� u q7? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4�3c�A U]Q u B�O&T^6

t YS\rx E TZn u Y�>Ujc u Q u AdQ�O u B ?�T�c4TZY_AC[^TVc QSR u Q QSR4T u [^TZY u s^Twqd\rB4s u �4ACU�qdTVB�s^QSR�� u U L N x�xw6p=@USA B4sQSR�ACUwqCTVB4s^QSR � QSR�T Q/�fACUSQ u UwYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc ?�n E TZn u Y�>U�� u UlO&\rB+[^TZYSQ]TVc Q]\ u ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAd\rB 6 � B� srW4Y_T N 6 � � � QSR�T x�T u B ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAd\rB ��u Ulc4TZY#Ad[^TVc a�YS\rx E TZn u Y TZQ u q�6 � A UpX1qd\^Q]Q]TVc [^TZY_USW�UB4\^Y_x u qCA �ZTVcl[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW)q u Y@[^\rq W�xyT:�QSR�ACOSD U]\rqCACc qCACB4T �#6 ! W�Y_ACB4s�QSR�TjT -]TVO&QSAd\rB X)R u UST � ACB)c�ACO u Q]TVc��@AdQSR3QSR�Tu YSYS\ � � QSR4T ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4�(YS\^Q u QSAd\rB([ u Y_AdTVc-q ACB4T u Y_qdn �fAdQSR-QSR4TpB�\^Y_x u qCA �ZTVc-[^TVB%Q]Y#ACOZW�q u Yj[^\rqCW�xyT^6 H R4Tu X�T4� YS\^Q u Q]TVU � � 6 LS~ � L � � ~ ACB O&\rW�B+Q]TZY]PoOZqd\!OSD �fACUST�c)AdYSTVO&QSAd\rB � u U�[!AdT�� TVc aYS\rx QSR4T u X�T4�76 ! W�Y_ACB4spT u Y_qdnc�A u USQ]\rqdT � �@R�ACO_R�� u UGc4TVUSO&Y_Ad?�TVc ?+n E TZn u Y u U QSR4T 3�4 X)R u UST u B�cpQSR4T�T u Y_qdn X u YSQ \^a2c�A u U]Q]\rq ACO � q qCACB4s��QSA qCq� � P \^a QSR4T USQ]YS\^D^T�[^\rqCW�x�T � � u OZqd\!OSD �fACUSTyYS\^Q u QSAd\rB�� u U xyT u U_W4YSTVc \^a ��6 � ~ � L 6 � ~ 6 � B QSR�T�YSTVx u ACB)ACB4sX u YSQ \^a QSR4T � qCqCACB�smX1R u U]T u ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAd\rBp\^a C 6 N ~ � N 6 LS~ � u U x�T u USW4YSTVc 6 ! W4Y_A B4s�QSR4T 3 + X)R u USTu qCxy\rUSQ�B4\�YS\^Q u QSAd\rB�� u U@xyT u USW4YSTVc 6

� B � srW4Y_T N 6 � � u qCU]\ QSR4T X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc Q]\^Y_USAC\rB3?�nlQSR4T ( F x�TVO_R u B�A OZUmx�\�c4TVq a\^Y@QSR4T ���� USA xjW�q u QSAd\rBACU�c4TVxy\rB)U]Q]Y u Q]TVc 6 ! W4Y_ACB4s$T -]TVO&QSAd\rB QSR4TlUSACx W�q u QSAC\rB�Ujc�TVUSO&Y_Ad?�TVc u q u YSs^TZYyc4TVO&YST u U]T ACB ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4�YS\^Q u QSAd\rBlQSR u B E TZn u Yk6 I �!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u q7c u Q u USR4\ � TVc u qCA B4T u Y/YSTVq u QSAd\rB ?�TZQ/� TZTVBw? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4�wYS\^Q u QSAd\rBu B�c B4\^Y#x u qCA �ZTVc [^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Y�[^\rqCW�xyT�c�W�Y_ACB4s T - TVO&QSAC\rB 6 H R�ACU�q ACB4T u Y�YSTVq u QSAd\rBJ� u U B�\^Q�a�\rW�B)c a�\^Y�QSR�T( F xyTVO_R u B�ACOZUwxy\!c4TVqmc�W4Y_ACB�s-T -]TVO&QSAd\rB 6 ! W4Y#ACB4s-QSR�T 3 4 X1R u U]T � QSR4T xy\�c�TVq � Y#U]Qwc4TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc uO&\rW�B+Q]TZY]PoOZqd\!OSD �fACU]T YS\^Q u QSAd\rB a\rqCqd\ � TVc ?+n u OZqd\!OSD �fACU]TjYS\^Q u QSAd\rB YSTVUSW�qdQSA B4s ACB u qCxy\rU]QmB4\pB4TZQ@YS\^Q u QSAd\rB 6I �!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+Q u qCqdnf\rB�qdn u OZqd\!OSD �fACU]T YS\^Q u QSAd\rB A U xyT u USW4Y_TVc$�fAdQSR 3�4 u B�c�QSR4T T u Y_qdn�X u YSQ \^a4c�A u U]Q]\rqCACO � q qCACB4s46! W4Y_ACB�s QSR4T � qCq ACB4s�X)R u U]TjQSR�T X)YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc$Q]\^Y_USAC\rB$A U@ACB$s^\�\�c u s^YSTZTVx�TVB%Q$�fACQSR QSR�T Y_TVx u ACB�ACB�s�X u YSQ�\^a

�� FW5K%.;������W]������0]������W]������0]�� ���W]�� !��W]��"���0[

N N

Page 23: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

circ

umfe

rent

ial s

trai

n E

cc

(a)

ee ed

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

circ

umfe

rent

ial s

trai

n E

cc

(b)

ed ee

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

long

itudi

nal s

trai

n E

ll

ed ee

(c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

long

itudi

nal s

trai

n E

ll

ed ee

(d)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

time [ms]

radi

al s

trai

n E

rr

ed ee

(e)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

radi

al s

trai

n E

rr

time [ms]

ed ee

(f)

��������� ;�=?>A@�@�B<`! ]1<�e�=/�:;=G�� /(4P.879�dG>.���� , G�� ��� : � � � � , � � # 1<�=�G=:;b�b� [�� f! ]�]�����=�� ��.6���^� # Z C � � �]���S� E � E �")� , �2.]7��+@_f�1��=�b7�� , ��>GO1</J�����4�/Y.]7��YG> ]1M:;���.N �/ , G J"�� #�� ) # Z C � �D�]���S[ E � E 4)���`X79�6G=.N��� , G+K_����1��b�G>:;��=� , �=�g12 ��K_���]�_�.+�+*�:��.0/> ��� �^��H�����:;> ,DC / , ���b���� ��S�P�������^�J� `X79�d�#G>.?��> �G9I#G������2��������.?�OW9/� , .�GY.0� IS� , 4=�/1 �bF>W���> ]1<� , .0��!�S�.0�YWab�>G�� , .0�b�d[�� f! ]�]���>��=�� ��. ��^�O� , �d����6 , G���>.0�b��.?/���^�> 4=�3.]7��6G>.0�b�0W .N�� , G> ].� �/ , G6 , .879�g.� ]1��2�b/�:;=G��>G��

N��

Page 24: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ������/1+W9��> �G�/ , /54O1��=�#G>:;��=�d� , �d�=/�1�WX:;.?�=�d�S��4�/�>1<��.� �/ , �

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecl

ed ee

(a)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecl

(b)

ed ee

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

ee

(c)

ed

ed

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(d)

ed ee

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Elr

ed ee

(e)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.1

0

0.1

0.2

shea

r st

rain

Elr

time [ms]

ed ee

(f)

��������� ;�=?>A@S=?B<`! ]1<���=/�:;=G��</(4I.879�MG�79�=�IG=.N��� , G � � � : � �� � , � � � 1<�=�G=:;b�b� [�� f! ]�]�^����=�����. ���^� # Z C � � �]� �D� E� E �") � , � .]7��g@_f 1<�=�=79� , ���G21�/��S���94�/�<.]7��<G> ]1M:;���.N �/ , G J"�� #�� )�: � � #� ) � , � � #"!�� �� # �� )# Z C � �D�]� �D[ E � E 4)�� `X79� G=.N��� , G3K_���� 1��=�#G>:;��=� , �=� 12 ��K_��]�Y�.g�+*�:���.?/�> ��� �^��H���+��:;> , C / , ��=���� ����<�������^�J��`X79�2�#G>.?��> �G9I#G �����6���M����.?�OW9/� , .�GY.0� IS� , 4=b/1 �bF�W9��> ]1�� , .?���!���.0�YWX���G�� , .0�=�P[��f! ]�]���>��=�� ��.Y���� � , �����d , G���>.?�=� .0/ ���^�> 4=� .]7���G>.0�b�0W .N�� , G> ].� �/ , G< , .879�d.�b� , � /54<.879�d.� ]1���=/:;=G���G��

N L

Page 25: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � ���g �G���:DG=G> �/ , �

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1−20

−18

−16

−14

−12

−10

−8

−6

−4

−2

0

2

�� ( @ )+) ��� � %(

� 2 & � � �� ~��

�������! #"�� &($ !X)�� �#G�� E .0/ E �=W9�bF�b/.0�.N �/ , Wa��/.N.?�=�2H��=G>:DG , />1��� J�=�<H� , .�> ���:;�^�YH/� :;1��s'_�S�b�=/��� ,DC�� �����I��._��^�#�+)�� , � ���=�=/��� , C .879� J"�� G> ]12:;�^�.N �/ , #�� )��

QSR4T � qCqCACB4s�X)R u U]T u Ufx�T u USW4YSTVc3?+n E TZn u Y@TZQ u q�6 ( u YSs^T c�A21�TZYSTVB�O&TVUfA BwQ]\^Y_USAd\rBl?7TZQ7� TZTVB T4�!X7TZY#ACxyTVB+Q u qc u Q u�u B�c USACx W�q u QSAC\rB�U.� TZYST�a�\rW)B�cpc)W4Y_ACB4s QSR4T 3 + X)R u UST^6 � BpQSR4T�T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%QSU B4\�USAdsrB�A � O u B%Q YS\^Q u QSAd\rBO&\rW�qCc ?�T�a\rW�B�cwc�W�Y_ACB4s 3 + � �fR4TZY_T u UGQSR4T�USACx W�q u QSAC\rB�UGACB�c�A O u Q]TVc u OZqd\�O_D �@ACU]T�YS\^Q u QSAd\rB3\^a � J ~ Q]\ ��N ~ 6

D&��� .0O',�+ O-OI./( �1�� B3QSR�A U@O#R u X�Q]TZY�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB�UmxyT u USW�YSTVc A B3T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSUfACB QSR4T ( F aYSTZT<� u qCq \^a O u B�A B4TjR4T u Y_QSU u B)cO&\rxyX)W�Q]TVcyACB QSR4T ( FKx�TVO_R u B�A OZU�xy\�c�TVq � TZYST�O&\rxyX u Y_TVc 6 H R4TVU]T/O&\rxyX u Y_A U]\rB�U � TZY_TGX7TZY_a�\^Y_x�TVc Q]\�Q]TVU]QQSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU xy\!c4TVq�A ByX�YSTVc�A O&QSACB4s�QSR4Tfc�TZa�\^Y_x u QSAd\rBy\^a u B4\^Y#x u q4?�T u QSACB4s R�T u YSQZ6 H \ USW�x�x u Y#A �ZTQSR4TpYSTVUSW�qdQSU � � Tpa�\!OZW�U \rB-U]Q]Y u A B�U c�W�Y_ACB4s T -]TVO&QSAd\rB u B)c QSR4TpA U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACOyO&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB�� 3 + ��X)R u U]T � U]TZTQ u ?)qdT N 6 N u B)c N 6 � 6 t \^Y QSR�T=( F x�TVO_R u B�A OZUpxy\!c4TVq@U]Q]Y u ACB�UG� TZY_T3Q u D^TVB a�Y_\rx u x�ACc � u qCq�B4\!c4T u QT�M�W u Q]\^Y_A u q qdTZ[^TVq u OZO&\^Y_c�A B4spQ]\ QSR4T ���� USA xjW�q u QSAd\rB 6 ? \^QSACO&T�QSR u Q�QSR4T T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%Q u qhc u Q u \^a t�u B)B TZQu q�6�X�Y_TVU]TVB%Q QSR4T�xjn^\�O u Y_c)A u q�U]Q]Y u ACB�U u QGx�ACc � u qCq1x�ACc4[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Y qdTZ[^TVq 6 t \^Y�QSR4TmT4��X�TZY_ACx�TVB%Q u q�c u Q u \^at�u B�B TZQ u q 6 u B)c�F�ACqCq u YST u q TZQ u q�6/QSR4T 3 + u B�c3T - TVO&QSAd\rB X)R u USTA� TZYSTjB4\^Q@T4� u O&QSqCnlACB�c�ACO u Q]TVc 6 t \^Y�QSR4TVUSTU]QSW�c)AdTVU � T u USUSW�xyT�QSR u Q�QSR4T 3 + X)R u U]T�\�OZOZW�YSTVclc�W4Y#ACB4s QSR4T � Y_USQ � J x�UG\^a�U]n!U]Q]\rqdT^6

! W4Y_ACB4syT -]TVO&QSAd\rB$QSR4T O_R u B4s^TVUm\^a*B4\^Y#x u q2U]Q]Y u ACB�U"& (*( � & ��� u B�c & , , u Y_T D!ACB4TVx u QSACO u q qdnpY_TVq u Q]TVc3Q]\QSR4T c4TVO&YST u U]TwACB(O u [!AdQon([^\rqCW�xyT^6 E TVO u W�U]T \^a�QSR4T B4T u Y_qCn ACB�O&\rxyX�Y_TVUSUSAd?)qCTy?7TVR u [!Ad\rW4Y \^afx n^\!O u Y_c�A u qQSACUSU_W4T � USR�\^YSQ]TVB�ACB4sjACB OZAdY#OZW�xyaTZYSTVB%QSA u q u B�c qd\rB4srAdQSW)c�ACB u q4c�ACYSTVO&QSAd\rB qCTVc�Q]\ u BpACB)O&YST u U]T@A B�Y u c�A u q)U]Q]Y u A Bc�W4Y#ACB4s T - TVO&QSAd\rB 6

H R4T�O_R u B4s^T�\^a�U]Q]Y u ACB)U c)W4Y_ACB4s QSR4T�ACUS\k[^\rqCW�x ACO�O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAd\rBlX)R u U]T�ACUGqdTVUSUGO&\rB)USACU]Q]TVB+QZ6 ! \rW4srq u UGTZQu q�6�xyT u USW�YSTVc u B ACB�O&YST u UST@ACB &5(*( � �@R4TZYST u U FmACq q u YST u q4TZQ u q�6 a�\rW)B�c u c�TVO&YST u U]T u B�c u OZO&\^Y_c)ACB4s Q]\ t�u B�BTZQ u q�6�QSR4TpU]Q]Y u ACBJ� u U�O&\rB�U]Q u B+QZ6G& ��� ACB)O&YST u U]TVc ?�n u ?�\rW4Q J 6 J � � ! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q 6 � � W4X Q]\ u ?�\rW4Q J 6 J �� t�u B�B-TZQ u q�6 �(\^Y c�TVO&YST u U]TVc ?�n ulu ?�\rW4Q J 6 J N � F�ACqCq u YST u q TZQ u q�6 �#6�e@OZO&\^Y#c�ACB4swQ]\ ! \rW4srq u U�TZQ u q�6yQSR�TO_R u B4s^T�ACB�&", ,)� u U/X�\rUSAdQSAd[^Tm\^Y�B4TZs u QSAd[^T�Q]\ u ?�\rW4Q J 6 J � � c�TZX7TVB)c�ACB4s�\rB QSR�TmTVB)c!Poc�A u U]Q]\rq ACOf[^\rq W�xyT^6*eY u c�A u q*U]Q]Y u ACB-\^a u ?7\rW�Q J 6 � J � u U xyT u USW4Y_TVc ?�n F�ACqCq u YST u q�TZQ u q 6��fTVx u YSD u ?)qdT�a\^Y QSR�T T4�!X7TZY#ACxyTVB+Q u qc u Q u X�YSTVU]TVB+Q]TVc ?+n:F�ACqCq u Y_T u q TZQ u q�6@ACU�QSR4Tja u O&QmQSR u QmQSR4T TVB)c!Poc�A u U]Q]\rq ACO�U]Q u Q]TyACU�Q u D^TVB u U u Y_TZa�TZYSTVB)O&TU]Q u Q]T � ?)W4Q u Q #$' QSR4T U]Q]Y u ACB�� u U@B4\^Q�ZTZYS\ ACBwU]\rxyT�\^a QSR4T�O&\rW4Y#U]TVUZ6

H u ?1qdT N 6 � ACB)c�ACO u Q]TVU@QSR u Q ! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q�6�a�\rW)B�c B�\ O#R u B4s^Ty\^aI& ( � c�W4Y_ACB�s T -]TVO&QSAd\rB � �fR�ACqCT t�u B�BTZQ u q�6 u B)c:FmA qCq u YST u q7TZQ u q�6 xyT u USW4YSTVc u B ACB�O&YST u UST^6 � BlO&\rB+Q]Y u U]Q �7u c4TVO&YST u U]TjACB:& ( � � u UfX�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc ?�n

N �

Page 26: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � ���g �G���:DG=G> �/ , �

57698:<;�=?>*=?B�� X/ZfJ2KcL TjGfZkKMH�b_T7J RUK/TjQSZIRUl bSRUKcZ7J H*l��DKML�L KMG7R�� Q_KPGIXcZIH�KcL$L�R`N/R`L Hb&R��9E�R`ZIHJ RUb/GkTDKMb_l ESZfRrl9H*qsGfRrl��uHGf\Gf\_R�� J RUqk\_KcbSH*q`TFJeX9l9RULlSQSZfH�bSd2GI\SRaRjpnRUqvGfH�Xcb�Kcb_lhH*TjXPN/XcL�QSJ H�qiq`Xcb GfZkKcqvGfH�Xcb?x� HGf\�R��SqvRUE9GfH�XcbhXcV� KcbSb RvGaKML x�t��u\SX{JeRrKcTfQSZIRUl�KMGiJeH*l9N/R`b GfZIH�q`QSL*KMZgLRUNcR`L x� H�b_l9H*q`KMGfH�bSdhKMb�H�b_q`ZfRrKcTfR����{H�b_l9H*q`KPGIHb_d{Kl9RrqvZIRUKcTfR���� H�b_l9H*q`KMGfH�bSd2bSX2qk\_KcbSdcRWH�b&TjGfZkKMH�b?x

&)(/( & ��� &), ,�����������! #"! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q 6 $&% J��>J N $&% J�� � J ' % J�� N Jt�u B�BlTZQ u q�6 $&% J��>J � $&% J��>J � B4\^QfYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcFmACq q u YST u q�TZQ u q�6 $&% J�� � � $&% J��>JrN ' % J�� � JF \!c4TVq $&% J�� � L $&% J�� � � ' % J��9LrJ�)(� #*+ #,.-0/1�!�2�� #"3��4�56�7���8 #"! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q 6 ' % J�� � J ' % J��>J � $&% J��>J � � ' % J��>J �t�u B�BlTZQ u q�6 9 ' % J��>J � B4\^QfYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcFmACq q u YST u q�TZQ u q�6 $&% J�� � J $&% J��>J N ' % J�� � JF \!c4TVq $&% J��>J N ' % J��>J � $+% J��>J N

57698:<;�=?>;:(B=<�\SRrKMZuTjGfZkKMH�b_T7JeRrKcTfQSZIRUl2bSRrKMZ7J H�l��DKML�L?KPGDR>� Q_KMGfX/ZfH*KML�LRUNcRUL$H�b R?�9E$RUZfH�J R`b GITDKMb$l ESZIRUl9H*qsGIRUl ^�@ Gf\SR�� J RUqk\_KcbSH*q`T J X9l9RUL$l9QSZIH�bSd[GI\SR RnpnRrqsGIHX/b KMb_l H�TfXPNcX/LQSJ H*quqvX/b/GIZIK/qsGIHX/b?xA HGf\ R?�SqvR`ESGfH�Xcb XcV � KMbSbRvG KcL<x�tB�u\SXWJ RUK/TjQ_ZfRrlaKPG J H*l9NcRUb/GIZfH*qvQ_L�KcZ!L�R`N/R`L xC�WH�b_l9H*q`KPGIHb_dWKcbaH�b_qvZIRUK/TjR��B�WHb$l9H�qUKPGIHbSdiKWl9RrqvZIRUKcTfR��� H�b_l9H*q`KMGfH�bSd bSX qk\_KMb_dcRgHbhTjGfZkKMH�b��7D lSRUqvZIRUK/TjRFVYXcL�L�XE�ORrl ^�@ KMb{H�b_qvZIRUK/TjR��GFoH�b_qvZIRUK/TjRFVYXcL�L�XE�ORrl ^�@K2l9RrqvZIRUKcTfRFGf\SRiZkKMbSd/RFH�bhTj\_RUKMZDH*TuH�b_l9H*q`KPGIRUl&H�b E_KcZfRUb Gf\SRrTjRrT`x

& ( � &)(H, & � ,�����������! #"! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q 6 9 9 ' % J��>J �t�u B�BlTZQ u q�6 ' % J��>JML B4\^Q�YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc B4\^QfYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcFmACq q u YST u q�TZQ u q�6 ' % J��>J N ' % J��>J � 9F \!c4TVq $&% J��>JML H �I% J��>J � � J3�I% J�� � ��)(� #*+ #,.-0/1�!�2�� #"3��4�56�7���8 #"! \rW�srq u U�TZQ u q 6 ' % J�� � J $&% J��>J � � J�� � J $+% J�� � � � ' % J��>J �t�u B�BlTZQ u q�6 9 B4\^Q�YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc B4\^QfYSTZX�\^YSQ]TVcFmACq q u YST u q�TZQ u q�6 $&% J��>J N $&% J�� � J 9F \!c4TVq ' % J��>J N ' % J��>J � $&% J��>J �

QSR4T�xy\!c4TVq�6"&)(*,$� u Uma\rW�B�clQ]\ U]Q u n3O&\rB�U]Q u B+Q � ! \rW�srq u UmTZQ u q�6 �w\^Y@Q]\ ACB�O&Y_T u U]T ?�n J 6 J �J� FmA qCq u YST u q TZQu q�6 �#6"& � , � u U@a\rW�B�cwQ]\ ?�T O&\rB�U]Q u B+Q u OZO&\^Y#c�ACB4s�Q]\ F�ACqCq u YST u q�TZQ u q�6 u B�c USqCAdsrR+QSqdn ACB�O&YST u U]TVU u OZO&\^Y_c�ACB�sQ]\ ! \rW4srq u UfTZQ u q�6 emOZO&\^Y_c�A B4s�Q]\�QSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq@&5(H,mc�TVO&YST u U]TVUfc)W4Y_ACB4s�T -]TVO&QSAd\rB 6 i u qda � u nT -]TVO&QSAd\rB &5(H, USQ u YSQSU ACB)O&YST u USACB4s u s u ACB � YSTVUSW)qdQSACB4swACB u B�TZQ ACB�O&YST u USTy\^a u ?�\rW4Q J 6 J � 6 t \^YjQSR4T & � , QSR�T\^X�X�\rUSAdQ]T�A U/X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc � YSTVUSW�qdQSA B4s A B u B4TZQ�c4TVO&YST u UST \^a u ?7\rW�Q J 6 J � 6

I �4O&TZX�Q a\^Y QSR4TpxyT u U_W4YSTVxyTVB+QSU ?�n ! \rW4srq u UjTZQ u q 6 � QSR�TpO_R u B4s^TVU�ACB & ( � � TZYST USx u qCq*c)W4Y_ACB4swQSR�T3 + X)R u U]T^6 ifT u Y_QSU�xyT u USW4Y_TVc ?+n ! \rW�srq u UyTZQ u q�6�� TZYSTwUSW�?�- TVO&Q]TVc Q]\ c)A217TZY_TVB%Q�X�YST&P u B�c u aQ]TZY_qd\ u c 6emU�xyTVB+QSAd\rB4TVc � U]TZ[^TZY u q X u Q]Q]TZY_B�U�a�\^Y�U]Q]Y u ACB�U u YST�X�\rUSUSAC?)qdT@c)W4Y_ACB4s�c�A21�TZYSTVB+QGqd\ u c�ACB4syO&\rB�c)AdQSAd\rB�UZ6 H R)ACUYSTVUSW)qdQ]TVc ACB u [ u Y_A u QSAd\rB \^a & (H, u B)c:& � , xyT u USW4Y_TVc ?+n ! \rW�srq u UGTZQ u q�6*c)W4Y_ACB4sjQSR4T 3 + X)R u U]T^6KF�ACqCq u YST u qTZQ u q�6 xyT u USW4Y_TVc u c4TVO&Y_T u U]TwACB�&5(H,�\^a u ?�\rW4Q J 6 � J 6 � B & � , B4T u Y_qdn-B�\$O#R u B4s^T�� u Uyc�TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc?�n F�ACqCq u Y_T u q�6 H R4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq X�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc ACBJ&)(H, u B ACB)O&YST u U]Ty\^a J 6 J � u B�c ACBJ& � , \^a J 6 J �c�W4Y#ACB4s�QSR4T 3 + 6 H R�TfTVB�c!PoUSn�U]Q]\rq ACO/[ u q W4T�a\^Y ?�\^QSR USQ]Y u ACB�UK� u U u ?7\rW�Q T�M�W u q�Q]\jQSR4TfTVB�c4Poc�A u U]Q]\rqCA O/[ u qCW�T^6! W4Y_ACB�s�c)A u U]Q]\rqdT�B4\�q u YSs^T O_R u B4s^TVUfUSR�T u YfU]Q]Y u ACB�� TZYST�X)YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVcw?�n QSR4T�xy\!c4TVq�6

N C

Page 27: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � ���g �G���:DG=G> �/ , �

! W4T Q]\ QSR4Tjq u YSs^T [ u Y_A u QSAd\rB)UfACB xyT u USW4YSTVc$USR4T u Y�U]Q]Y u A B�U�?�TZQ/� TZTVB QSR4Tj[ u Y_Ad\rW)UfU]QSW�c)AdTVU u B u x ?)AdPsrAd\rW�U@\k[^TZY_[�AdT�� \^a USQ]Y u ACB�UmACBlQSR�T R4T u Y_Q@QSR4Y_\rW4srR4\rW4Q@QSR4T O u Y#c�A u O O&n!OZqdT<� u Um\^?�Q u A B4TVc 6 H R4TZYSTZa\^YST � AdQ� u U@B4\^QmX�\rUSUSAd?1qdT�Q]\ u USUSTVUSUfQSR�TjO u X u ?)A qCAdQon \^a�QSR4T ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUmxy\!c4TVq2A BwX�YSTVc�A O&QSACB4s�c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB 6��B4T�O u W)U]T�a\^Yfc�A21�TZYSTVB�O&TVU�A BwU]Q]Y u ACB�U/a\rW�B�cwx u n ?�T u c�A21�TZYSTVB�O&T�ACBwqd\ u c)ACB4syO&\rB�c�AdQSAC\rB�UZ6

! \rW4srq u UjTZQ u q 63c4TVxy\rB�USQ]Y u Q]TVc QSR u Q u W�B�A M+W4T�q ACB4T u Y Y_TVq u QSAd\rB�USR)AdX T4�4ACU]Q]TVc(?7TZQ7� TZTVB U]Q]Y u ACB u B)c[^\rqCW�x�T�A B QSR4TyO u B�ACB4T ( F ACB�c�TZX7TVB)c4TVB%Q@\^a X)YSTVqd\ u c u B�c u aQ]TZY_qd\ u c c�W�Y_ACB4s � qCqCA B4s u B�c T -]TVO&QSAd\rB 6 t \^Y&)(*, u B�c & � , � QSR4T � qCqCACB�s u B�cwT -]TVO&QSAd\rB qCACB4TVUGACB+Q]TZY_U]TVO&Q]TVc ACB QSR4T�X1R%n!USAd\rqd\^srA O u q�[^\rqCW�xyT�Y u B�s^T � O u W�USA B4sQSR4TGUSAdsrB \^a1QSR4TGUSR4T u Y*O_R u B4s^TVc�c�W4Y#ACB4s�QSR4T�A U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACO O&\rB%Q]Y u O&QSAC\rByQ]\�?7T/[^\rqCW)xyTGc4TZX�TVB�c4TVB+QZ6>F�\rqCW�x�TO_R u B4s^TVU u x�\rB4s�QSR4T c�A21�TZYSTVB%QGT4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSU�R u [^TjB4\^QfQ]\ ?�T�USACx�A q u Y � O u W�USACB�s u c�A21�TZYSTVB�O&T�A BlU]Q]Y u ACB)UZ6B \rB�UST�M+W4TVB+QSqdn AdQ�ACUGc�A��pOZW�qdQ Q]\ u USU]TVUfACa c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB)U u YST�O&\^YSYSTVO&QSqdn X�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc ?+n QSR4T)( F:xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVq � ?�TVO u W�U]TwX)YST&P u B)c u a�Q]TZY_qC\ u c USW4?�-]TVO&Q]TVc Q]\ QSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZUyxy\!c4TVq/O u B u qCU]\ c�A21�TZY�a�Y_\rxT4�!X7TZY#ACxyTVB+QSUZ6

! TVU]X)AdQ]TjQSR4TjW�B)O&TZYSQ u ACB+Qonl\rB$qd\ u c�ACB�s O&\rB�c�AdQSAC\rB�U�QSR4T OZqdT u Y�X u Q]Q]TZY_B�U@\^a�Q/� \MPoc�ACx�TVB�USAd\rB u q U]Q]Y u ACB)UUSR4\ �fB ?+n t�u B)B TZQ u q�6"� TZYST�ACB s^\+\!c u s^Y_TZTVxyTVB%Q �fACQSRlQSR4T�xy\!c4TVq X�Y_TVc�ACO&QSAd\rB�UV6 H R4Tjc u Q u X�Y_TVU]TVB%Q]TVc?�n�F�ACqCq u Y_T u q TZQ u q�6 � u U�Q]\+\-U_O u Q]Q]TZYSTVc Q]\ X)YSTVU]TVB+Q u B \^?�[�Ad\rW)U�X u Q]Q]TZY_B 6 i@\ � TZ[^TZY � QSR4TlY u B4s^TVUy\^aQSR4T X�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVc QSR4YSTZT&Poc�ACx�TVB�USAd\rB u q U]Q]Y u A B�UA� TZYSTlACB(YST u U]\rB u ?)qdT u s^YSTZTVxyTVB+Q �fAdQSR c u Q u X�Y_TVU]TVB%Q]TVc ?�nF�ACqCq u YST u q 6

E TZn u Y TZQ u q�6�c4TVx�\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc QSR u Q�QSR4Ty? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4� YS\^Q u QSAd\rB-ACU�qCACB4T u Y#qdnlYSTVq u Q]TVc Q]\3B4\^Y_x u q A �ZTVc[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Ym[^\rqCW�x�T c�W�Y_ACB4s USn�U]Q]\rqCT^6 H R�ACU@qCACB4T u YmYSTVq u QSAd\rB � u U�B4\^Q@X)YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc ?+n QSR4T ( F xyTVO#R u B�ACOZUxy\!c4TVq�6 ! W4Y_ACB4syQSR�Tjc�A u USQ]\rqCACO�X�TZY_Ad\!c QSR4T ? u U]T&P Q]\MP u X�T4�3YS\^Q u QSAd\rB$O u Bl?�T O#R u Y u O&Q]TZY_A �ZTVc$?�n u B ACB)AdQSA u qY u X)A c W)B%Q7�fACU]Q�c4TVUSX)AdQ]TwqCAdQ]QSqdTwO#R u B4s^T3ACB c)ACxyTVB�USAC\rB 6 5!W�?)U]T�M�W4TVB%QSqCn-c�A u U]Q]\rq ACO � qCqCACB�s3\!OZOZW4Y_U9�fACQSR uxy\^YST s^Y u c�W u q W�B+Q/�@ACU]QSACB4s46 H R�ACUfY u X)ACc3Q/�fACUSQ@c�W4Y#ACB4s�QSR4T 3 4 X)R u U]T u B�c3T u Y#qdn � qCq ACB4s�X�TZY_Ad\!c�� u UmB�\^Qa\rW�B�c ?�n QSR4Tpx�\�c4TVq 6 8 R4TZYST u U�ACB QSR4T T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSU qCACQ]QSqdT�Q/�@ACU]QA� u U c4TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc(c�W�Y_ACB4s QSR4T 3 +X)R u UST � QSR4T�xy\�c�TVq�X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc u ? u UST&P Q]\MP u X7T4�wYS\^Q u QSAC\rBw\^a � J9~ 6 H R�T�q u YSs^T�Q/�fACUSQ�c�W4Y_ACB�s 3 + X)R u U]T�x u n?�T�USW4?)U_O&Y_Ad?�TVc Q]\ u BlW�B4X)R+n!USAd\rqd\^srACO u q7Q]Y u B)USAdQSAd\rB aYS\rx QSR4T X u USUSAd[^T�Q]\ u O&QSAd[^T U]Q u Q]T ACB QSR4T xy\!c4TVq�6

� B USW�x�x u YSn � O&\rxyX u Y#ACU]\rBl\^a�? u U]T&P Q]\ u X�T4�wYS\^Q u QSAd\rB X�YSTVc)ACO&Q]TVcl?�nwQSR4T xy\!c4TVq u B�c3xyT u U_W4YSTVcl?�nE TZn u YGTZQ u q�6*U_R4\ � TVc u B W�B�X)R%n!USAd\rqC\^srACO u q!Q/�fA U]Q a\^Y QSR�Tmxy\!c4TVq1c�W4Y_ACB�s�QSR4TmA U]\k[^\rqCW)x�ACOGX)R u U]TVUZ6 ! TZa�\^Y]Px u QSAd\rB X�YSTVc�ACO&Q]TVc ?�n3QSR�T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZU�xy\!c4TVq#� u U�ACB u s^YSTZTVxyTVB+QA�@AdQSR c4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB YSTZX�\^YSQ]TVc ?�nt�u B�B-TZQ u q�639 H ACxyT�O&\rW4Y#U]TVU�\^aGU]Q]Y u A B�U�?�TZQ/� TZTVB-Y_TZX7\^Y_Q]TVc T4��X�TZY_A xyTVB%QSU c4TVxy\rB�U]Q]Y u Q]TVc-q u YSs^Tpc�A21�TZY]PTVB�O&TVU�A B U_A �ZT u B�c X u Q]Q]TZY_B 6 E TVO u W)U]T�\^ahQSR4TVU]T�ACB�O&\rB)USACU]Q]TVB�OZACTVU � ACQ6� u U�B4\^QGX�\rUSU_Ad?)qdT@Q]\�YSTVqCA u ?1qdn u USU]TVUSUAda c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAd\rB � u U@X�YSTVc�A O&Q]TVclO&\^YSYSTVO&QSqdnw?�n QSR4T ( F xyTVO_R u B)ACOZUfxy\!c4TVq�6 H R4Tjc�A21�TZYSTVB�O&TVUfA BwQSR4T�QSACx�TO&\rW4Y_USTVU�\^a U]Q]Y u ACB$?7TZQ7� TZTVB QSR4T�T4��X�TZY_ACx�TVB%QSU�O u B ?�TyO u W�U]TVc ?�n u c�A 17TZYSTVB)O&T ACB qd\ u c)ACB4s O&\rB�c�AdQSAd\rB)UZ6emqCU]\ AdQ@ACUGX�\rUSUSAd?1qdT@QSR u QfQSR4T ACB%[ u USAd[^T�T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSU�R u [^T u qCQ]TZYSTVclQSR4TjB4\^Y_x u q O&\rB+Q]Y u O&QSAd\rB$X u Q]Q]TZY#Bl\^aQSR4T�R4T u Y_QSUZ6 5�Q]Y u ACB�U xyT u U_W4YSTVc � TZYST u qCU]\�qCACx AdQ]TVc Q]\jx�ACc4[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u Y \^Y�T�M�W u Q]\^Y_A u q)qdTZ[^TVq u B�c�\^?�Q u ACB�TVcACB q u ?�\^Y u Q]\^YSn u B�ACx u q UZ6 H \w\^?)Q u ACB u xy\^YST�YSTVqCA u ?1qdTjc u Q u USTZQ�\^a c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rB ACB x W�qdQSACX)qdT Y_TZsrAd\rB�U�\^aQSR4T�R+W)x u B R�T u YSQ � T X�TZYSa�\^Y#xyTVclT4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSU@W)USACB4s B4\rB�ACB+[ u U_Ad[^T F � QSACUSUSW�T Q u s^srACB4s � u U�c4TVU_O&Y_Ad?�TVcACB QSR4TjB4T4��Q�O#R u X�Q]TZYV6

N �

Page 28: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

� �� � � ��� � � � � � � � ������ � � � � � � � � ��

��� � � � � � � � ��� � ��� � � �5� ����� ��� � � �

� � �� � � �� � ��� � ��� � � �� � �

! TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rB�U \^a/R�T u YSQ O u B(?7T u U_U]TVUSU]TVc(W�USACB4swx u srB�TZQSACO�YSTVUS\rB u B�O&T � F �0��QSACUSUSW4TyQ u s^srA B4s46 � B QSR�A UO_R u X�Q]TZY�QSACxyT�O&\rW4Y_U]TVU u YST X�YSTVU]TVB+Q]TVc$\^a�QSR4T x ACc � u qCq OZAdY_OZW)xya�TZY_TVB%QSA u q U]Q]Y u ACB �'&)(/(+� � OZAdY#OZW�xyaTZYSTVB%QSA u q PY u c�A u q�U]Q]Y u ACB �'&5(H,�� u B�c Q]\^Y_U_Ad\rB u U c�TZQ]TZY_x�ACB4TVc A B QSR4T qdTZaQ�[^TVB+Q]Y_ACOZW�q u YA� u qCq*\^a L R4T u qdQSR+n$USW�?�- TVO&QSUW�USA B4s F � QSACUSUSW4T�Q u s^srA B4s � = F ��F3u^u U]Q]Y#ACO_R+Q �#6

m ��� � �H%'��� . �! �!��) J � %NM�( )BO-���������� � �����������������������! �"#�! TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rBjX u Q]Q]TZY_B�U \^a!QSR4T R4T u Y_Q O u Bj?7T u USU]TVUSU]TVc W�USA B4sGQSR4T B4\rB)ACB%[ u USAd[^T Q]TVO_R�B�A M+W4T \^a F � Q u s^srACB4s46Hhu srU u YSTjYSTZsrAd\rB�U � W�USW u qCqdn X1q u B4TVU � \^ahQSA USUSW4T A B:�fR�ACO#RlQSR4T x u srB4TZQSA � u QSAC\rB ACU u qdQ]TZYSTVc ?+nwU]X�TVOZA � O F �X)W�q U]TVUZ6 ! A21�TZYSTVB�O&TVUmACBlU_AdsrB u q2A B%Q]TVB�U_AdQon ?�TZQ/� TZTVB Q u s^s^TVc$YSTZsrAC\rB�U u B�c W�B�c�A U]QSW4YS?�TVcpYSTZsrAd\rB�U u YSTjW�USTVcQ]\�Q]Y u O_D xy\^QSAC\rB�\^a1QSR4TGW�B)c4TZY_qdn!ACB4s�QSA USUSW4T^6 H R�ACUhO_R u X�Q]TZY*X�YSTVUSTVB%QSU F � c u Q u�u O�M�W�AdY_TVc A Bja\rW4Y�R4T u qdQSR+nUSW4? - TVO&QSU < 6 F � � T4�!X�TZY_ACxyTVB+QSUI� TZYST�X�TZYSa\^Y_xyTVc ACB u � 6�� H USO u B�B4TZY � �mn�YS\rUSO u B ?mH$� g R)ACqCAdX)U F TVc�A O u q5�n!U]Q]TVx�U � E TVU]Q ��H R4T ? TZQSR4TZY_q u B�c�U �#6 F � ACx u srA B4slX u Y u x�TZQ]TZY_U � TZYST u Uja\rqCqd\ �@UZ`�TVO_R�\ QSACx�T � J x�U �ACB+Q]TZY]P Q u s c�ACUSQ u B�O&T C x x � USqCACO&T QSR�ACO_D�B�TVUSU N x�x � Q u sMP*�fA c4QSR N 6�� x�x �.� TVq c-\^a@[�AdT�� N � J x�x u B)cACx u s^TjUSA �ZT N � C%$ N � C X)A2�!TVqCUZ6

� x u s^TVU5� TZYST u O�M+W�ACYSTVc W)USACB4s I B �@P Q]Y_Ads^s^TZY#ACB4s \rB QSR4T ��� u [^T<�@R�ACqdT�QSR4T�USW4? - TVO&QSU)� TZYST�R4\rqCc)ACB4s?�YST u QSR$a\^Y u X�TZY_Ad\!cl\^a u ?�\rW4Q N J U � c4TZX�TVB�c�ACB4sy\rB$QSR4TVACYmR4T u Y_Q@Y u Q]T^6 t Ad[^T X u Y u qCqCTVq2USR4\^Y_Q P u �!ACUmUSqCA O&TVU\^a QSR4T�R4T u YSQ$� TZYSTy\^?�Q u ACB�TVc TZ[^TVB�qdn c�ACU]Q]Y_AC?)W4Q]TVc a�YS\rx u X�T4� Q]\w? u U]T � USTZT � srW4YST � 6 � 6p5�TZY#AdTVUm\^a qCA B4T&PQ u s^s^TVc ACx u s^TVUjaYS\rx QSR4T U u xyTwUSqCA O&TVUA� TZYST \^?�Q u ACB4TVc � �fAdQSR(QSACxyT ACB%Q]TZY_[ u qCUj\^a u ?�\rW4Q N J x�U � W�U_ACB4sU]X u QSA u q�xy\!c�W�q u QSAd\rB \^a�QSR4Tfx u srB4TZQSA � u QSAd\rB � 5!g�e F$F �#6 2 t AdsrW4YST � 6 N USR4\ �@U u F �KOZACB�T�ACx u s^T u B�c F �Q u s^s^TVc$ACx u s^T�\^ahQSR4T R4T u Y_QG\^a u R4T u qdQSR+np[^\rqCW)B%Q]TZTZY � Q u D^TVB u ?�\rW4Q � � ��x U u a�Q]TZY@X�T u D I B � 6

�������'& � ��������"��)(!*+�����,�H \)M+W u B%QSAdan�xy\^QSAd\rB�\^a!QSR4T*Q u srU � QSR4T F ��PoACx u s^TVU@� TZYST u B u qdn �ZTVc�W�USACB�s/R�\rxyTVx u c4T US\^a�Q7� u YST a�\^Y F e H P(2e E9C 6 J � H R4T F3u QSR48 \^Y_D�U � B�OM6 � ?@u QSACO_D ��F u USU u O#R+W�USTZQ]QSU �#6 � B�QSR4T@YSTZaTZYSTVB�O&T�OZACB4T&PoACx u s^T@QSR4T ( F�� u q q� u Ufx u B�W u qCqdn \rW4QSqCA B4TVc a�\^Y@T u O_R$USqCACO&T � U]TZT � srW4Y_T � 6 N u 6Ge:OZACY_OZqdT$� u U � Q]Q]TVc3QSR4YS\rW4srRlQSR4TVU]T O&\rB+Q]\rW4Y_Ua\^Y QSR�TmACB)B4TZY u B�c \rW4Q]TZY � u qCq � �fR�ACqCT�T4�!OZq W�c�ACB4s QSR4T@X u X)ACqCq u Y_n�x W�USOZqCTVUZ6 H R4TmYSTZsrAd\rB ACB ?�TZQ7� TZTVB QSR4TVUSTOZAdY_OZqCTVU � u U�c�T � B4TVc u UGQSR4T�Y_TZsrAd\rB \^ahA B%Q]TZYSTVUSQ � a�\^Y"�@R�ACO_R c4TZa\^Y_x u QSAC\rBwR u UG?�TZTVB u USU]TVUSUSTVc 6 H R4T�R4\^Y#A P�Z\rB+Q u qCqdn Q u s^s^TVc ACx u s^TVU3� TZY_T�U]X u QSA u qCqCn ? u B�c � qCQ]TZYSTVc u YS\rW�B�c QSR�T qCACB4TmQ u s�aYST�M�W4TVB�O&n^6*8 AdQSR QSR4T�W�UST

��- %H1='�/ �/. S %.*_143+%C]714A4% ���10K?7%.1='�/ �2. *_143+%C]714A4% ���30B?7%.1='�/ �4.XS %.*_143+%C]714A4% �65U14-759?K%H1='�/ !7. *_1=3M%4]B1=AC% ���4[

N N

Page 29: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�S�]� � �.0��> ���� � , �d1<��.]7�/��G��

������������������ �������������������������������� �

�������! #" !X&($') @A/ ,DC�E ��F� �G �dUiG>� ��=�g����1�/ , G>.N��.N , C .]7�� W�/#G> ].N �/ , Gg/(4O.]7��QZ�H�OG�79/�>. E ��FS �G-G>� ��=��GO , .879�Y@_f /54O.879�7��b��>.?�

\^a u O&\^Y_YSTVq u QSAd\rByxyTZQSR�\�c � 259 [^TZYSQSA O u q�c�ACU]X1q u O&TVxyTVB+Qhx u X1U a�\^Y T u O_R QSACxyTGACB+Q]TZYS[ u q � TZYSTGO u qCOZW�q u Q]TVcya�Y_\rxUSW�OZO&TVU_USAd[^T ACx u s^TVU$�fAdQSR R4\^Y#A �Z\rB%Q u q*Q u s qCACB�TVUZ6y54ACx�ACq u Y#qdn � QSR4T�USR4\^YSQ P u �4ACU�A x u s^TVU �fACQSR [^TZYSQSACO u q�Q u srU� TZYST�W�U]TVcyQ]\�\^?)Q u ACB�R4\^Y_A �Z\rB%Q u q4c�A U]X)q u O&TVxyTVB+Q�x u X)UZ6 H R�T s^Y u c�AdTVB+Q�\^a1QSR4TVUST�c�ACU]X)q u O&TVxyTVB%Q�x u X1UK� u Uc4TZQ]TZY_x ACB4TVcw?�nlU]X u QSA u q2c�A21�TZYSTVB%Q u QSAC\rBl\^a�QSR4T c�ACU]X)q u O&TVxyTVB%QSU�� � � �#6 H R4Tjc4TZa�\^Y#x u QSAd\rBls^Y u c�AdTVB+QfQ]TVB�U]\^Y���5� u B)c QSR4T �mYSTZTVB4P ( u s^Y u B4s^T U]Q]Y u ACB Q]TVB)U]\^Y � � TZYST�c4TZQ]TZY_x�A B4TVc �2u B�c ��Y_AdQ]Q]TVB ACB x u Q]Y_ACO&TVU�� ������ � ~�� �u B�c & � ���� � ~�� � �fAdQSR Y_TVU]X�TVO&Q�Q]\lQSR4T�srqd\^? u q�O u YSQ]TVUSA u B(O&\+\^Y_c)ACB u Q]T�U]n!U]Q]TVx �,)- ���. )- ���0 )- ���2 # � c4TZX)A O&Q]TVcACB � srW�YST � 6 � 6

� � ���� � ~�� � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � 6 � �& � ���� � ~ � � � �

N � ��� � ���� � ~�� � � � $�� � ���� � ~�� � @ �� � � � 6 N �5!W4?1USO&Y_AdX�Q J YSTZaTZY_UyQ]\ u ( u s^Y u B4srA u B c4TVU_O&Y_AdX�QSAd\rB � �fAdQSR QSR4T � Y_USQ�A x u s^Twa�Y u xyTwQ u D^TVB u UyY_TZa�TZYSTVB)O&TO&\rB � srW�Y u QSAd\rB 6

H R4T�U]Q]Y u ACB)U@O&\rxyX1W4Q]TVc W�USACB4s F � ACx u srACB4s � TZYST�YST���Y_AdQ]Q]TVB �fAdQSR$YSTVUSX7TVO&QmQ]\ u qd\�O u q O&n!qCACB�c�Y_ACO u qO&\�\^Y_c�ACB u Q]TpU]n�USQ]TVx � )- ���, )- ���( )- ���� # u Ujc4TZX1ACO&Q]TVc-ACB � srW4YST � 6 � 6 H R�T q u Q]Q]TZY�U]n�USQ]TVx ACU�YSTVq u Q]TVc Q]\QSR4T�srqC\^? u q O&\+\^Y#c�ACB u Q]T�U]n!U]Q]TVx � )- ���. )- ���0 )- ���2 # ?�n1`

)- ���, � O&\rU � � � $ )- ���. � U_ACBD� � � $ )- ���0 � � 6 � �)- ���( � @ USACB@� � � $,)- ���. � O&\rU8� � � $ )- ���0 � � 6 L �)- ���� � )- ���2 � � 6�� �

( \!O u q U]Q]Y u ACB�UGACBwx u Q]Y#A2� B�\^Q u QSAd\rB��'& � ���� ~ ( � � u YST�\^?�Q u A B4TVcwaYS\rx � u OZO&\^Y_c�ACB�syQ]\4`

& � ���� ~ ( � � ! )- ���, " $ � $,)- ���, " )- ���, " $ � $ )- ���( " )- ���, " $ � $,)- ���� ")- ���(%" $ � $,)- ���,#" )- ���( " $ � $ )- ���( " )- ���(%" $ � $,)- ���� ")- ���� " $ � $,)- ���,#" )- ���� " $ � $ )- ���( " )- ���� " $ � $,)- ���� "

&'� � 6 C �

N �

Page 30: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�S�]� � �.0��> ���� � , �d1<��.]7�/��G��

� u � �? �

��������� ; :(>*=?B #0�K) �dU �� , �e ]1<� C � #5[ ) �dU .0� CJC �b� ]1�� C � #NG>:JW9��> ]1+W9/G��=� ]1�� C � /(4<7�/> J/ , .?��� � , � H��>.N ��=��.?� C�C �=� ]1�� C �")�/(4d� 79�=�� .87D� ����:;� .O� � ��1MGP�(4=.?��P.879�6W9�=� I3U K_�H�e/54�.879� � �����M`X79�3K_��]��:I�G����� , �=�.0�=�P1�� , :���]� �� , .]7��M�� , �g ]1�� C �K: K_�#G6:DG��b�+4�/�4=:;>.879��61</�.� �/ , � , �� �#G= �G��

�fAdQSR

� ��� )- ���. " )- ���0 " )- ���2 " � & � ���� � ~�� � ! )- ���. ")- ���0 ")- ���2 "&'

� � 6 � �

� x u s^T u B u qCn�USA U�\^a�QSR4T3USR4\^Y_Q u �!ACUpUSqCACO&TVU�YSTVUSW�qdQSU ACB srqd\^? u q@O u YSQ]TVUSA u BKU]Q]Y u ACB�U�QSR u Q�\rB�qdn O&\rB�USA U]Q�\^a

������������ � �� �

�������������������

��� �� ����������������������

�� ������ ����

�� ����

� �! ! #"%$'&)(+*+,-"

(/.102"%$3&)(+*+,-"

4576987: 57698#;<

=?> &@"

> #"-A�������! #"CBEDFBEGIHKJ9LNMPOQL%RSJ/T/TVUXW@YZOQL[YZJ/\XMCY/] �'^`_ WaJ/YbJ _ \ _dce^f_ J/\gY2hiJ/\jLkWQ] _ O@YbldLNm1JnWoW@TVJ9p ��_dc L[\rqtsuJ/RvLwM � L[YxYZy _R _ R � \gY9W'J/\CYbJ/R �{z}|=�9c)_ O � L%\E~�L c Y � O�L{O _ Y�L[YZJ _ \��f�P���E] ��^`_ WaJ/YbJ _ \ _dc�^f_ J/\fY�h�paL%\ |b�<� m ^ O � WaW � ~J/\�p)�%T�J/\�~%O@J9paL[T�p _�_ OQ~[J/\�L[Y � W z s����?�/�`�'y�J/Y/]oO � W ^9� pNY�Y _ Y+] ��� m � ~�MPT _1| L[TEpaL[O@Y � W@J9L%\�p _�_ O�~%J/\�L[Y � W@�-W@Y � R�g��-�3�� � ��-�3�� � ��%�3�  ¡ ��H'JnW ^ T¢LPp � R � \fYZWIy � O � YbOQL%\fW c)_ O@R � ~KY _ Y/] � T _ paL%T�pN�%TVJ/\�~[O@J9p�L[TEp _�_ OQ~[J/\�L[Y � W@�%Y � R�g�� �3�£ � �� �3�¤ � �� �3�¥ ¡ ��s _ YFL%YbJ _ \CL[\¦MPT � �§JnW ^`_ WaJ/YbJ/¨ � y�] � \©O _ Y�L[YZJ/\XMoJ/\ªp _ U�\fY � OQp)T _ pa«%y�JnW � ~%J/O � pNYbJ _ \L%We¨�J � y � ~ c O _ RY+] � L ^�� m¦�¬X­

Page 31: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ���oqkL%Y � O@J9L[T L[\�~tR � Y/] _ ~%WN�* ��� �( > � "�& � $ > * � & �� " .�$ � > � */. � & * � > A�* > ( � */$N"[, � */. �� � ���� > $)" � . � � " > &)��$N" � ����� "%$)" .�$)" ����� ������ � �"! �$# *9&% * & " � =('*)

� � ����+ ����,� �"! � - . � ����0/214351 � ����0/ � ����6/217351 � ����"/ � ����"/ 14351 � ����0/ � ����"/ 17351 � ����"/ 8 - . � ����a� � ����@�� ����F� � ����d� 8 � ¬ �,9 #�:� "§& � $ > * � &k !$N" � *+, � " � =(' � � "<;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[(3* � � � "§(/.E, > (3,-.g.�$ � * � > � " & ' & � " �@?A � �CB � �DB � �"E� "4F�� > � */. �HG �JI7K # > $)"�$)"[( > � " � � . � � "�& � $ > * � & � " � "%$ � * � " �r=(' �!&)* � %ML 4 � > %N% * � % * � � � "�(/.E, > (�,-.g.�$ � * �� > � " & ' & � " �O?A � ���� B � ���� B � ���� E � > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � � �}� - � ����}� ��� �a� - � ����a� > � � � �F� -QP � ����F� �HRTSVUW S*X*Y[Z�XT\]Z�X W Z<S[^_XTSA`7aA`C\]S[XcbT`CdTZfe7gihcZjUke W Ul\]hi`nmporqMms\]et^uUkS[v@XiS(wxS*XsS*vy\$`4`CZjz��{ > � * > ( � " � &N* � ' . � > % & > ,-$).`&)& � � "30 > (9(�*+& � . � &)�}|©,%*/" � �~� .�$)"[(+* >X= ( '�� " � "%$ � * � " � � "3$ >N� * > ( & � $ > * � > $ > � " � "%$ � �a� ���:� "%$)" .�$)" � . � ( ' � � "2& � $ > * � ,-. � #. � " � � & � �}� > � � � �F� 0�"%$)"��?&@" � .�$ ��$ � � "%$ > � > ( ' &)*9& �� � >N�A� * � */. � � . � �}� > � � � �F� � � � " � .�$N&N*/. � � 0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � ��� .�$N&)*+. � = " � 02"%" � � 0�. ,-. � &@"[,%� � * & "&)(+*9,-"[&t*+&{, > (+,%�!( > � " � $N. � � � " > AE* > ( % $ >N� *+" � � * �H� * � 0 > (+(I$). � > � */. � > � % (/" � �V����� # � �!( � */ �(+*/" �§=j' � � "� * � 0 > (+( $ >N� *+�!& ��� �c��� # )

� - �A� ���4�Q������ P � �,� � �d��c���� � � � ���4�d��c����� � �,� � �d��c���G � ¬ �,� #�:� "k$). � > � */. � > � % (/"k*+&o .`&N* � * & " 0 � " � $). � > � * � % * � ,-.`� � � "%$N,%(/.E,���0K*+&)" � */$)"[, � *+. � > & & */"%0�" � $). � � � "> #"-A ���:� "v > $ > � " � "%$ � $)"% !$)"[&)" � � & � � " � *+& � > � ,-" = " � 02"%" � = . � � &)(+*+,-"[& � &)"%"�� % ��$)" ¬ � ¬ ��:� "{.`� � "%$ > � � * �A� "%$'0 > (+( > $)"�* � > ,%,%��$ > � "[( '�� "D� � " �f� ��$N* � % * � > % " > � > ( ' &)*+& ����� �!& � � � "�& � $ > * � &,-. � ?� � " � > $)" � .�$)" $)"[(9* >X= (/" > � � * � 0 > (+( � � > � > � &)� = " � � .E, > $ � *9� � > � � &N� = "% ?*+, > $ � *9� � �i�:� "%$)" .�$N" �& � $ > * � &x0�"%$)" > & "%$ > % " � * � $ >N� * > ( � */$)"[, � */. � � .©. = � > * � > $N"% !$)"[&@" � � > � * & " � * � 0 > (+( & > (9��" �c�:� " � * � 0 > (+(& > (+��" 0 > &', > (+,%�!( > � " � =j' � > ��* � % > 0�"[* % � � " � & > (+�!" . " > , � ?*nAE"[(#0K* � � * � � � "o$)" % */. � . * � � "%$)"[& � �c��� "0�"[* % � � > , � .�$ .�$ > �*nA�"[(�*+& � " � "%$ � * � " ��=j't> % > �?&)&)* > � ,%��$ & "e0K* � � � � " � .� > ��� � " � * � 0 > (9(`$ >N� *9�!& > � �� � " � * � * � > > � " � � . � > � � "% �*+, > $ � �_�:� " � * � 0 > (+( & > (+��"[& .�$ & � $ > * � &'. & "%$ � � "{" � � */$)"�,%*/$N,%� � "%$N" � ,-". � � " 0 > (+(�02"%$)" > % > * � > & > $ > % " � � .§. = � > * � . � " � " > � � � � > � $)"% !$N"[&@" � � " � � � " � * � 0 > (+( & � $ > * � . >&)(+*9,-" ����u�p�$� �M�u���0���s�i���� c¡£¢k¤V¢f�u�¦¥> �¤¨§�¡£©«ªc�u¡¬§y§(­�§}®"¤i�¯ & � " � � */. � " � � � � "_�!$N& � * � > % " $ > � "�0 > & � > ��" � > &2$N" "%$)" � ,-"�,-. � � % �!$ > � */. � ��� . � " � "%$ � * � " > � 0 � > �� . � " � ��� � $).`� % � .`� �°� � "C, > $ � * > ,C, ' ,%(+" � � *+&{* � > % " $ > � "k0 > & > ,DFg�!*+$)" � � � * � * � % . � > &@"[&�* � � � ", > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/"v0 > & > &N&@"[&)&@" � ����� *+&20 > & � . � " =('±� " � "%$ � * � * � % � � " � * � "v,-.`��$N&@"3. � � "_²?.P0i* � � � "³;>= �¯ � "[& � * � > � *+. � . � � "´²!.P0�0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � > & .`(9(/.P0K& �¶µ */$N& � � � � " > $)" > " � ,%(/.`&@" � =(' � � " � * � 0 > (+($ >N� *9�!&©* � " > , � &)(+*+,-"§0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � �¸· "-A � � � � " > & "%$ > % " � > $)" > . � 0�. ,-. � &@"[,%� � * & " &N(+*+,-"[&C0 > &� �!( � */ ?(9*/" � 0K* � � � � "t* � � "%$N&)(+*+,-" � *+& � > � ,-" � (/" >N� * � % � . � � " & .`(+� � " = " � 02"%" � � � "[&@"�&)(+*+,-"[& �¹��� " & .`(+� � ". � � " =�> & > (�$)" % */. � >X= . & "{&N(+*+,-"°º�0 > &'"[& � * � > � " � =(' ?( > ,%* � % > � >N�A� * � */. � > (�&)(+*9,-" > ��� � " =?> & > ( (/" & "[( �0K* � � > , > & * � ' > $)" > "4F�� > ( � . � � > � . &)(+*+,-"�º � { * � *+( > $N( ' � � � " & .`(+� � " . � � " > ?*9, > (e$)" % */. � = "[(/.10&)(+*9,-" I 0 > &x"[& � * � > � " � �!&)* � % > � >N�A� * � */. � > ( &N(+*+,-" > �»� � " > #"-A � 0�* � �½¼ "%$).k, > & * � ' > $)" > �c�:� " * � � "%$N&)(9*+,-"� *+& � > � ,-"�0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � =(' � " > &N��$N* � % =?> &@" � � . � > #"-A � *+& � > � ,-"�* � � � " (/. � % � > A�*+&v&)(+*+,-"�. = � > * � " �§> �= " % * � "6¾@"[, � */. � ��¿ÁÀ� # > � �Ã� * & * � * � % � � *+& * � &N*nA "4F�� > ( > $ � & �tµ .�$ � " > $ � & I � .�Är02" .`� � � * � � "%$N&)(9*+,-"� *+& � > � ,-"[&�. INIl� Ä �*I º � ¬ �[I ¬ � K > � � I º � ¬ÆÅÆÅ � $)"[&@ #"[, � * & "[( ' ���:� "[&)"'* � � "%$w&)(+*+,-" � *+& � > � ,-"[&�02"%$)" � �!( � *+ ?(+*/" �0K* � � � � " � " > � (/. � % * � � � * � > (#"[& � " � &N*/. � �´��� *+&'"-A � " � &)*+. � 0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � =(' � > � � > (+( ' &@"[(+"[, � * � % * �> $)" "%$)" � ,-"k(+. � % � > AE*9& &)(+*+,-" � 0 � *+, � * � � "%$N&@"[, � &t0K* � � � � " ,-" � � "%$t. � � " > #"-A � > (+(� ?*nAE"[(+&3$)"% !$N"[&@" � � * � %� � " � ' .�, > $ � * > (30 > (9( �ÈÇ * � �É� .�$N* ¼ . � � > (+( ' (+* � " � > %N% " � * � > % "[& � � " & "%$ � *+, > ( � *+&@ ?( > ,-" � " � � & � > �&0�"%$)" � " � "%$ � * � " � � $). � 0 � *+, � � � "{(/. � % * � � � * � > ( "-A � " � &)*/. � 0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � * � > &)* � *9( > $ � > �A� "%$ > &� "[&),-$w* = " � .�$ � � "{& � .�$ � � > A�*+&�&N(+*+,-"[& �»µ * � > (+( ' � � . � > ( � * � 0 > (+( & .`(+� � "�Ê ����� � " � ,%(+.`&@" �r=(' � � " � * � 0 > (+( #.`* � � & � 0 > &x. = � > * � " � =(' � � "o&N� �t� > � */. � . � � "o* � � "%$N&)(9*+,-" & .`(+� � "[& � Ê �c��� 0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � .�$'" > , � $ > � " � � $).`� % � .`� � * � > % " > F��!*+&N* � */. � � { * � ,-"tÊ ����� ,-. � &)*+& � &3. � � " & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $3, > & * � ' & .`(9� � " > � � >,-. � & � > � � & .`(+� � "©. � � " & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $t0 > (+( � " � ,%(/.`&@" � =j' � � " � * � 0 > (+(� #.`* � � & � � *�Ë#"%$)" � � > � */. � . � � *9&� * � "o,-.`�!$N&@"o$)"[&N�!( � " � * � � � "�;«=̲!.P0 �ÁÍ4Î7Ï� 6 �

¬ I

Page 32: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s � W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 70060

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

time [ms]

Vol

ume

[ml]

(a)

Vstroke

Vem

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 70060

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

time [ms]

Vol

ume

[ml]

(b)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 70060

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

time [ms]

Vol

ume

[ml]

(c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 70060

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

time [ms]

Vol

ume

[ml]

(d)

�������! #"CBED��#G�q�J9~%y�L[T/T�¨ _ T�U�R ������� �7~ �Z� \ � ~oL%W�Y+] � ¨ _ TVU�R �M� \�pNT _ W � ~ | �vY/] � R3J9~%y�L[T/T ^f_ J/\gY9Wa� _}c�c)_ U�O2] � L%TVY+]X�W@U | ��� pNY Y/]�O _ UPM-] _ U�Y Y+] � qts R � L%W@U�O � R � \fYZW)��� � L%O@Y¬� z La���?] � L%O@Y�� zF| ����] � L[O@Y �`z pF��L[\�~�] � L%O@Y�� z ~@�[�� ��� � ¨ _ TVU�R � J/\�pNO � L-W �2c O _ R |b� MPJ/\f\gJ/\¦M _}c�� T/TVJ/\XM Y _ � \�~ _}c Y/] � R � L-W@U�O � R � \fY�� ����� £���� � W@YbO _ « �¨ _ TVU�R � �

�:� " � *�Ë#"%$)" � � � > &@"[& � � $).`� % � .`� �»� � "t, > $ � * > , , ' ,%(/" > $)" � " � "%$ � * � " � 0K* � � � . � " � � &K. .� " � * � %> � � ,%(+.`&)��$)"�. � " > $ � & > ( & "[& � � (+.`&)��$)"�. > & > ( & "�0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � 0�* � � � � " ¼ "%$). ,-$N.`&)&)* � % . ��Í4ÎCÏ� 6� � % ��$N" ¬ � º # ��! #" � * � % . > � " > $ � & > ( & "'0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " ��=j' & *+&)� > (E(+* � " > $ "-A � $ > #.`( > � *+. � . > &)" % � " � ���Í ÎCÏ� 6 $N. � >X= .`� � G ­#" � ._º ­#" > � "%$7.� #" � * � % � � � � "%$N&@"[, � *+. � 0K* � � � � " ¼ "%$). > AE*9& $)" � � "%$)" � � � " � . � " � �. .� #" � * � % �$&%(' )+*-,�.0/21�,3%����4��u� 5±�i®76�� ¤y¡¬�cª98��;:Ã�µ * % ��$)" ¬ � ÄC& � .10K& � � "ÆÊ ����� � � $).`� % � .`� �»� � " L 4 � " > &)��$)" � " � � & �~�:� " � * � " 0 > & � "D� � " � $)"[( > � * & " � .� � "´�!$N& � * � > % " � � >N� " >X= .`� � G ­nÅ=< > � "%$ > �@? � $N* %N% "%$w* � % � ¯ ��� � " = " % * �A� * � % . � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � & �Ê �c��� *9& � "[,-$N" > &)* � % � * � � *9, > � * � % � � > � = (/.�. � *+&� �� � #" � .`� � . � � " ;>= � ¯ � >X= .`� � ¬X­�­MÅA< Ê �c���3= " % * � &� .k* � ,-$)" > &@" � * � � *+, > � * � % �?(9(+* � % . � � "°;>= �CB " > $ � I > � � ¬ � � % ¬ � Ä >C> � � , # "6¾a"[, � � �!, � (/"[&N& = (/.�. � � * �,-. � > $w*+&@. � 0K* � �H� " > $ � G > � � Ä � � % ¬ � Ä = > � �Ã� # � ¯ (+&@. � * � *+& . = &)"%$ & " � � � > �� � " & .`(+� � "[& > � " � �

¬ G

Page 33: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s � W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−600

−400

−200

0

200

400

600

800

flow

[ml/s

]

time [ms]

(a)

ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−600

−400

−200

0

200

400

600

800

flow

[ml/s

]

time [ms]

(b)

ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−600

−400

−200

0

200

400

600

800

flow

[ml/s

]

time [ms]

(c)

ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−600

−400

−200

0

200

400

600

800

flow

[ml/s

]

time [ms]

ejec ir fill

(d)

�������! #"CBED��EGt�?J/R � p _ U�OaW ��_}c�� _ y J/\ Y+] ������z �� � � � c O _ R c)_ U�Ov] � L%TVY+]X�kWaU | ��� p)YZW{LPpap _ O�~%J/\¦MCY _ qos YZJnWaW@U �YFLNM�M[J/\XM3R � L%WaU�O � R � \gY9WN�K�E] � ~ _ YbY � ~�TVJ/\ � J/\�~%J9paL[Y � W�Y+] � TVJ/\ � L[O � mPYbOQL ^`_ T�L%YbJ _ \ _}c LxW � MPR � \fY �� � � ��)\fY � OaW � p)YbJ _ \ _dc Y+]XJnW�TVJ/\ � y�J/Y+] Y+] ���J� O _ LNm1JnW{O � \�~ � O � ~©Y+] � R _ R � \fY _}c�_�^�� \fJ/\¦M¦� � � L%O@Y�� z L@� �] � L[O@Y � z}| ���#] � L[O@Y �fz pF�tL%\E~3] � L%O@Y�� z ~a�P��������� � ��� p)YbJ _ \�������JnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R3J9pKO � T�LwmXL%YbJ _ \ ������� � T/TVJ/\¦M¦�

� " > &)�!$)" � " � � > $)"t& � > (+(/"%$ � � > � � � .`&@" > ��� � " = " % * �V� * � % . � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � �µ * % ��$)" ¬ � º3& � .P0�& � � "~²?.P0 * � � � "¹;>= � �ÁÍ Î7Ï� 6 # .�$ � � " .`��$ � " > $ � & � " > &)�!$)" � ���:� " � *�Ë#"%$)" � � � > &)"[&� � $).`� % � .`� � � � "�, > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/" > $)" * � � *+, > � " � �°µ $). � � � " ��Í ÎCÏ� 6 ,%�!$ & "[&o* � , > � = "�. = &@"%$ & " � � � > �³� � "� . � " � � . = " % * � "6¾a"[, � *+. � ��¿�À  # � .E,%,%��$)" �r> �:� � "³�!$N& � .�$K&@"[,-. � � $ > � " ��:� "³²!.10,%�!$ & "[&K& � .P0 > > & � * � ,-$N" > &@"t* � � � " > .�$ � *+,°²!.P0 .`(+(+.P0�" � =(' > &)(/.10 � "[,-$)" > &)" �:µ .�$ � � "� * � $ > (£²!.P0 > � .�$)"t& ' �t� " � $w*+, > (# > � � "%$ � 0 > &x. = &@"%$ & " � * � � * � " �� ��$N* � % * � > % " > F��!*+&)* � *+. � � � " &)� = ¾a"[, � & � >N�ª> � " > � � " > $ � $)"4F���" � , ' . 9 ­ = " > � & � & � $)"[&)�!( � * � % * �> , > $ � * > ,3, ' ,%(+" � * � "K. K º ­MÅA< ��µ $N. � � % ��$)" ¬ � º�* � , > � = "�. = &@"%$ & " � � � > �~� � " � * � "3&@ > � . � � " L 4� " > &)�!$)" � " � � &I*+& >X= .`� ��� ­�­tÅA< � * � � *+, > � * � % � � > ��� � "'( > & � > $ � . � � ":�?(9(+* � % � � > &@" > � � � � ":�!$N& � > $ �. � � "v*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,',-. � � $ > , � */. � �! #" # � > &@" � > & " � . � = "%" �±� " > &N��$)" � ��µ $). � � % �!$)"[& ¬ � ºX, > � �M� * � , > �= "o. = &@"%$ & " � � � > � ( > & � > $ � . #" 0 > &�& � *9(+( � " > &)��$N" � � ¯ �´� � "t" � � . � � " � " > &)��$)" � " � � & � � " � " > $ � &0�"%$)" * � � * > & � > &)*+& � � � "�$)"[& � * � % � > &@"�. , > $ � * > , � * > & � .`(/"�.E,%,%��$N* � % = " � 0�"%" � �?(9(+* � % . � � " & " � � $N*+,%(+"> � � � � "o& � > $ � . > � $N* > (�,-. � � $ > , � */. � �¬�¬

Page 34: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s � W@U�TVYZW)������������� ������������������ ��!#"$��!#�&%'�)(+*,� ".-)/0���,�213!#4�5��)(+(��6!7�8�9*,1:/;� ��� <���!+��(="$���8�)!+<> ¤F¤ ? �9!+���6*,1:/;�6���6<@��!#�)(7AB����4�!+��(�"$���8�)!+<> ¤�£ �)<�4C��-���"�!7-�<D-)/E/;-�*,�3�,� ��(F���HGI�H*,1J��<K�,�L�)����"21:�L��"�*,��� 4D5M!7���ONQPR��!+"�"$*��S�8�)T�T�!7<�T�UVPE�)<,T�� "�)��-�*�<�4W���,�X13� �)<Y"M�)���.T�!7%��6<Z5M!F���,!7<Z���,�X[��)���6<@����� "�� " R � L[\�\dOQL%\XM �^]�U�_H�6�a`�T�*,���ab�U c2/;-����6dH[�(+��<��'A��!+-�<�U

dTZ(aAU7`Ce dTZjaVU7`If dTZjaVU7`g dTZjaVU7`Qh vyZjaVX� �d�Å À9iHjki�l:ÀÁÀm$n8i�jYojÀ8p P ­rq I ºNº � ­rqV­`¬ # P ­rq I � ­ � ­rqV­`¬ # P ­rq I ºNº � ­rqV­`¬ # P ­rq I ¬ º � ­rqV­ º # P ­rq I º � ­rqV­`¬ #Å À9iHjki�l:À Å msn�iHjYo(À�p P ­rqV­ G � ­rqV­ G # P ­rqV­ I º � ­rqV­ I # P ­rqV­`¬ � ­rqV­ G # P ­rqV­ I º � ­rqV­`¬ # P ­rqV­ G � ­rqV­ G #n�iHjYojÀ " iHn�t Bi " " � ")u�À P ­rq I7K P ­rq I7K º P ­rq I49 P ­rq I � º P ­rq I7K� �}�Å À9iHjki�l:ÀÁÀm$n8i�jYojÀ8p P ­rqV­ ºNº � ­rqV­ � # P ­rqV­ º � ­rq I Ä # P ­rqV­ Ä � ­rqV­ 9 # � P ­rqV­ º � ­rq I ­ #Å À9iHjki�l:À Å msn�iHjYo(À�p ­rqV­ � ­rqV­ I # ­rqV­ G º � ­rqV­`¬ º # ­rqV­ � ­rqV­ Ä # � ­rqV­ I>� ­rqV­`¬ #n�iHjYojÀ " iHn�t Bi " " � ")u�À ­rq INI ­rq I º ­rq I � ­rq I Gn�i�l# Bvxw@y{z7|w@}#~�}{�

­rq�¬ ­rq�¬ ­rq�¬ � ­rq�¬� .�$N&)*/. �Å À9iHjki�l:ÀÁÀm$n8i�jYojÀ8p P ­rqV­ 9}� ­rqV­ º # P ­rqV­ � º � ­rqV­`¬ # P ­rqV­ K º � ­rqV­ � # � P ­rqV­ 9}� ­rqV­ � #Å À9iHjki�l:À Å msn�iHjYo(À�p P ­rqV­ G � ­rqV­ Ä # P ­rqV­`¬ � ­rqV­ Ä # P ­rqV­ G � ­rqV­ G # � P ­rqV­ G � ­rqV­`¬ #n�iHjYojÀ " iHn�t Bi " " � ")u�À ­rq I ¬ ­rq INI º ­rq I Ä � ­rq I ¬

����4���4 �¶¥N©>¡¬�u�c¢ ¡¬�cªr¥N�p©«¢l�"�T�:�µ * % ��$)" ¬ � � & � .P0K& > � ' �*+, > (E"-A > � ?(/"e. � � " � " � #.�$ > (E,-.`��$N&@"[& . � �d� �j� �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � � � � � � "»� % ��$N"[& > $ > � " � "[& > $)" *+(+(+�?& � $ > � " � � � > � , � > $ > , � "%$w* ¼ " > &@ #"[, � &e. � � " � * � "v,-.`�!$N&@"v. & � $ > * � & > � � � .�$N&)*/. � � � � "� " > � & > (9��"r. & � $ > * � > � � � .�$N&)*/. � > � " � � � "6¾@"[, � */. � ��ÀÁÀ # > � � > �±� � "r" � � . � " > &)��$N" � " � � ��À Å # �� � "�$ > � % "[& > $N.`� � � � � "[&@" � " > � & > � � � � "�$ > � % " � � $).`� % � .`� � � � "�" � � *+$)"�, > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/" �� ��$N* � % � � "= " % * �A� * � % . �?(+(+* � % � �F� & � .10K& > "%$w*/. � 0K* � � > � "4F�� > (�& � " > $ .�$ > (+(¶� & "�&)(+*+,-"[& ����� ��� # ��:� "�$ > � *+.= " � 0�"%" � � � *+& � * � "K "%$w*/. �k> � � � � "�" � � */$N"' #"%$N*/. � . � � "'"6¾@"[, � */. � � > &@" ��� �{�Á��� # 0 > & > (+&@. � " � "%$ � * � " � ��:� " & > (+��"[&'02"%$)" & *+&)� > (+( 'n� " � "%$ � * � " � $). � � � " % $ > � *+,%& > � � > $)" % * & " � * � � >X= (/" ¬ �JIl�µ * % ��$)" ¬ � K & � .P0K& � � " � * � 0 > (+(!,%*/$N,%� � "%$N" � � * > (�& � $ > * � .�$ � � " .`�!$ � " > $ � & � � � " > , � � " > $ � � .�$ > (9(&)(+*9,-"[& � �}� 0 > & > */$w( ' � � * .�$ � � � $).`� % � .`� ��� � "', > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/" ��� �d� � "[,-$)" > &@" �t� �!$N* � % "6¾a"[, � */. � > � � 0 > &>X= .`� � ,-. � & � > � � � ��$N* � % *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,K$)"[( > A > � */. � �! {n # ��� �!$N* � % � � " �!$N& � > $ � . �?(+(+* � % � �}� $)" � ��$ � " � � .>X= .`� �»� � "t* � * � * > ( & � > � " > � = " % * � "6¾a"[, � */. � ��¿�À  # �µ * % ��$)" ¬ �,9 & � .P0K& � � " � * � 0 > (9(�,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (�& � " > $�,-. � #. � " � � &I. = � > * � " � $). � � � ":� & "& � .�$ � > A�*+&K&)(9*+,-"[&K* � � � " � " > $ � & ���:� "{, � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *9, & > (+��"[&K. � �F� > $)" % * & " � * � � >X= (+" ¬ �JIl�´��� "°�!$w& �� � $)"%" L 4 �u� " > &)��$)" � " � � & � " � . � & � $ > � " �k> &)* � *9( > $� > � � "%$ � .�$ � � " � * � 0 > (+( � �F� � � � � " > $ � Ä � �F� 0 > &� . � ,-. � &N*+& � " � � 0K* � � � � *+& > � � "%$ � � !$). =�>X= ( ' L 4 �!> � > . = � > * � " ��� ��$w* � % � � *+& � " > &)��$N" � " � � ,-. � � > * � " �� �!, � � .`*9&@" �¶��� "%$)" .�$)"2$N"[&)�!( � & $). � � � *+& � " > $ � 0�"%$)" > &)&)� � " � � � $)"[(+* >X= (+" > � � "-AE,%(9� � " � $N. � ��$ � � "%$" & > (+� > � */. � & �¶µ .�$ � �}� � >°� "[,-$)" > &@"'0 > & & *+&)* = (/" > � > (+(�� & "K&N(+*+,-"[& � � � *+(E. � " � � *+$ � . � � "x"6¾a"[, � *+. � #"%$N*/. � �¯ � "%$ � � *+& � >M� *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"�* � & � " > $�.E,%,%��$)" �§= " � 0�"%" � =?> &@" > � � > #"-A � � � &)(+*9,-" I½� � " > $ � � " > #"-A # � � "� �}� 0 > & � "[,-$)" > &N* � % 0 � *+(/"k* � &)(+*9,-"±º � � " > $ � � " =?> &)" # & � " > $ � " & "[(+.� " � * � .� ! #.`&)* � " � *+$)"[, � */. � � ¯ �&)(+*9,-" ¬ � � " � �F� & � >4' " �§>X= .`� � ,-. � & � > � � � �!$N* � % � � *+&e #"%$N*/. � ���:� $).`� % � .`� �~� � " {n � > &@" > � � � � "³�!$w& � > $ � . �?(9(+* � % � .�$ > (+( � " > $ � & � �F� ,-. � & "%$ % " � � . � " > $ � � "o& � > � " > � ¿�À ÂÁ�µ * % ��$)" ¬ �,� & � .P0�& � � " � * � " ,-.`��$N&@" . � * � 0 > (9( � .�$N&)*/. � . � � " � " > $ � & � , > (+,%�!( > � " � > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � ."4F�� > � */. � ¬ �,�(�°�:� "�, � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *9, & > (+��"[&3. � .�$N&)*/. � . � � " � " > $ � � > &3*9(+(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$N" ¬ � � , � > $N"% * & " � * � � >X= (/" ¬ �JIl� ¯ � "[,-$)" > &@"{* � � .�$N&)*/. � * � � *+, > � "[& � � > ��� � " > � .`� � � . ,-.`� � � "%$N,%(+.�,��g0K*9&@"o$). � > � */. �> $).`� � � � � "±;«=�(/. � % > A�*+& � > & & */"%0�" � $). � � � " > #"-A � *+&t( > $ % "%$ > � > �*+, > ( � � > � > � =?> & > (�&)* � " �±µ .�$� " > &)�!$)" � " � � & I � . ¬ � >�� "[,-$N" > &@"t* � � .�$N&)*+. � 0 > &K. = &@"%$ & " ��� ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � *+. � > � � > � * � ,-$)" > &@" � ��$w* � %

¬ Ä

Page 35: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.18

−0.16

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

ejec ir fill (a)

range at ee

mean at ee

mean at em

range at em

range cardiac cycle

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [msec]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(b) ejec ir fill

Tsim

mean at em

range at em

range cc mean at ee

range at ee

Tejec

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [ms]

tors

ion

(c) ejec ir fill

mean at ee

range at ee

range cc

mean at em range at em

���������CBED� fG z La���#J/OQpNU�R c �NO��N\fYbJ9L%T�W@YbOQL%J/\�p)U�O@¨��w� zF| ��� J/O�p)U�R c �)O��)\gYZJ9L[TVlFOQLP~[J9L%TgW@YZOQL[J/\{pNU�O@¨���� z p}�o� _ OaW@J _ \�p)U�O@¨�����)\ Y/]��@W���YbJ/R��kp _ U�OaW��@W ^ L[OQL%R��)Y��NOaW�L[O���J/T/TVUXW@YbOQL%Y��a~-�KUXW��a~CJ/\ Y/]�JnW�pa]`L ^ Y��)O�Y _ p�]fL%OQL1p)Y��NO@J � �kY+]��W@YbOQL%J/\fWeL%\E~3Y _ OaW@J _ \��v�E]���L%O@O _ y#W2J/\�~[J9paL%Y��xY+]��eR��aL%\ | �)Yby����)\�W@TVJ9p��)W¹�3Y _�� L%Y��N\�~[l�� � �apNYZJ _ \ z ���}�L[\�~��N\�~ _}c R���L%W@U�O��)R��N\fY z �)R2�-�'Y/]���OQL%\XM��)W�L[O _ U�\E~kY+]��)W���R���L[\`W�L[\�~CY+]���O�L%\¦M���Y+]XO _ UPM�] _ U�YY+]��vpaL%OQ~[J9LPp pN�Pp)T��w�� �"!�� ¤ J/\�~[J9paL%Y��@WKY+]��KYbJ/R�� ^ �)O@J _ ~ _}c Y+]���� � ��pNYbJ _ \ ^ ]`L%W��@�# � � � MPJ/¨��)W'Y+]���YZJ/R��^ �)O@J _ ~©J/\rY+]��$� � �apNYZJ _ \ ^ ]`L%W%�{y�J/Y+]rL[\&��'NUfL%T�WQ]��aL[O c)_ OtL[T/T�W@TVJ9p��)W)� � �� �$� � �apNYZJ _ \ � ���eJnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R3J9pO��NT�Lwm¦L[YZJ _ \ � ����� � T/TVJ/\¦M¦�

¬ º

Page 36: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.18

−0.16

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

ejec ir fill (a)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.18

−0.16

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

ejec ir fill (b)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.18

−0.16

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

ejec ir fill (c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.18

−0.16

−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

(d) ejec ir fill

���������CBED��fGt�?J/R��tp _ U�OaW��)W c)_ O3W@TVJ9p�����Y _ ��_}c Y+]��vT�� c YI¨��N\fYbJ9p)U�T�L[O�R3J9~%y�L[T/T7pNJ/OQp)U�R c �NO��)\gYZJ9L[T#W@YZOQL[J/\ _P| Y�L[J/\ �a~y�J/Y+]�UXW�� _}c qts�YZJnWaW@U��eYFLNM�M[J/\XM J/\ c)_ U�O ]��aL%TVY+]X� ^ �)OaW _ \`W z W���� � M � ��� c)_ O�WaT�J9p�� ^`_ W@J/YZJ _ \`W��P�3� �aL%O@Y� z L@��� � �aL%O@Y � z}| ��� � ��L[O@Y �fz p}� L%\�~ � �aL%O@Y � z ~a�P� ������� � � �ap)YbJ _ \�� ����JnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R3J9p©O��NT�LNmXL%YbJ _ \�� ������ T/TVJ/\¦M¦�

¬ �

Page 37: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [msec]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

(a) ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [msec]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

(b)

ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [msec]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

ejec ir fill

(c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [msec]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

slice 1slice 2slice 3slice 4slice 5

(d)

ejec ir fill

���������CBED��EGt�?J/R��2p _ U�OaW��)W c)_ O�W@TVJ9p����'Y _ �K_}c Y+]���T � c Y�¨��N\fYbJ9pNU�T�L%O R3J9~%y�L[T/T�pNJ/OQp)U�R c �NO��)\gYZJ9L[TVlFOQL1~%J9L%TfWQ]��aL%O�W@YbOQL%J/\_1| YFL%J/\ ��~xy�J/Y/]KUXW�� _}c qts YbJnWaW@U���YFLNM�MPJ/\¦MeJ/\ c)_ U�O#]��aL[TVY/]���WaU | � �ap)YZW z W���� � M � ��� c)_ O7WaT�J9p�� ^`_ WaJ/YbJ _ \fW��[�� ��L[O@Y¶� z L@��� ]��aL%O@Y � z}| ��� ]���L[O@Y �fz p}�oL%\�~�]��aL%O@Y � z ~a�P� ������� � � �ap)YbJ _ \�� ���7JnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R3J9p�O��NT�LNmXL%YbJ _ \��������� T/TVJ/\¦M¦�

¬ K

Page 38: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [ms]

tors

ion

(a) ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [ms]

tors

ion

(b) ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

time [ms]

tors

ion

(c) ejec ir fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.14

−0.12

−0.1

−0.08

−0.06

−0.04

−0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

time [ms]

tors

ion

(d) ejec ir fill

���������CBED��gGt�?J/R�� p _ U�OaW�� c)_ O'W@TVJ9p�� �oY _ ��_}c Y/]��'T � c Y�¨��N\fYbJ9pNU�T�L%O'R3J9~%y�L[T/T#Y _ OaWaJ _ \ _1| YFL%J/\ �a~oy�J/Y+]kUXW%� _}c qosYbJnWaWaU�� Y�LwMwMPJ/\¦M J/\ c)_ U�OK]��aL%T�Y/]��{W@U | � �ap)YZWN�ª� _ OaW@J _ \ | �)Yby����)\ªW@TVJ9p��)W³�[l � JnW�Y+]��oTVJ/\ � z�� �-� | �)Yby����)\W@TVJ9p��)W=�Pl � z���� �-� | �NYby����N\§W@TVJ9p��@W � l � z���� �CL[\�~ | �NYZy����N\ W@TVJ9p��)W �fl �rz���� �P�� _ Y���Y/]���~%J ��NO��N\fYWNpaL%TVJ/\XM©J/\ � MPU�O�� � ���1~1� � �aL[O@Y~� z L@� �2]���L[O@Y�� z}| ����]��aL%O@Y �`z p}�©L%\�~�]��aL%O@Y� z ~@�[� � �� �$� � �apNYZJ _ \ � ���JnW _ ¨ _ T�U�R�J9p3O��NT�Lwm¦L[YZJ _ \ � ����� � T/TVJ/\¦M¦�

¬ 9

Page 39: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��� � " {n > � � �?(+(9* � % � > &@" � � � � " > $ � I > � � ¬ � .�$N&)*+. � = "[, > � "t* � ,-$)" > &N* � % ( ' * � � . � . % " � .`�?& � ��$N* � % � � "� " > &)�!$)" � " � � & � � � � " > $ � G �A� .102" & "%$ � � .�$N&)*/. � 0 > & � .�$)"o,-. � & � > � � = " � 02"%" � � � " � & "o&)(+*9,-"[& ��� �!& � (9*���"* � � � " � �F� � � * � "o,-.`��$w&@"[&x. � .�$N&)*/. � .�$ � " > $ � Ä 0�"%$)"t* � ,-. � &)*+& � " � � 0K* � � � � " . � � "%$ � " > $ � & �$&%2$ ��� ,��-. ,;,���� %� � � � *9&3, � > � "%$ � > � . � * � & > &)* & "{0 >7' 0 > & �!&@" � � . � " � "%$ � * � " � � " � * � "�,-.`��$N&@"[&3. � � " � �}� �¬� �F� > � �� .�$N&)*+. � > � � & "v& � .�$ � > A�*+&e,-$).`&)& � &)"[, � */. � &e. � � " � � � > � ;>= �(Ç * � � � � "3 !$)"[&)" � � > � */. � . � � "[&@"v$)"[&)�!( � & �� .�$)"©* � &)* % � � � > & = "%" � . = � > * � " � * � � � " � " .�$ � > � */. � � � $).`� % � .`� �°� � "k( > $ % "[& � > $ � . � � "k, > $ � * > ,, ' ,%(/" �� � � �?& � = " � . � " � � � > � & � $ > * �±� " > &)��$)" � �!&)* � %°L 4 � > %N% * � % � >7' = " � *�Ë#"%$)" � � $N. � > , � � > ( � *+&)&N��"& � $ > * � ��� ' � "D� � * � *+. � � & � $ > * � & � "[&),-$N* = " , � > � % "[&�* � (/" � % � � > � � � � � � > (�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � . � > � "%$N* > (�(9* � ""[(/" � " � � & � * � " � � � "v& � $ > * � * � > ,-"%$ � > * � � > � "%$N* > (# .`* � � *+& � " � "%$ � * � " �k=(' .`(+(/.10K* � % � � *+&� #.`* � � > � � * � &" � & */$N. �A� " � � * � � * � " � � � L 4 � > %N% * � % �}� .P0�" & "%$ � 0�" ,-. � &)* � "%$ � > � "%$w* > (#* � > � * � > % "v ?( > � " � 0 � *+, � *9&��AE" � * � &@ > ,-" � � � & � .`�!( � = " � . � " � � � > � = "[, > �!&@"3. � � "3" Ë#"[, � . � � $).`� % � � ?( > � " � . � */. � � � . & " � " � �. � � " � " > $ �±� � $N.`� % � � � " * � > % * � % ?( > � " � ��$N* � % * � > % " > F��!*+&)* � */. � � " > , � &N� = &@"4F���" � � & � .�$ � � > AE*+&* � > % " * � > � * � " &@"%$N*/"[&v,-. � &)*9& � &v.`� � . > $ � * > (+( ' � *�Ë#"%$)" � � � ' .�, > $ � * > ( � *+&)&)�!" � � "[, > �!&@" . � � *+& � > �"%$)$).�$�$)"[&)�!( � & = " � 02"%" � � � "K, > (+,%�?( > � " � & � $ > * � & > � � � � "' � ' &)*+.`(/. % *+, > ( � *+&)&N��"x& � $ > * � &I. � � " � ' .E, > $ � * > (0 > (+( �½�:� $).`� % � � ?( > � " � . � *+. � , > � = "©, > �!&@" �j=(' $N* % * � � = . �}' � . � */. � > � �j=(' (/. � % * � � � * � > (�& � $ > * � & ��:� "{" Ë "[, � . (/. � % * � � � * � > (�& � $ > * � &�*+&'"[& � * � > � " � > & .`(+(/.10K& � ¯ ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . L .�.�$)"t" � > ( � � ; > � � .P0 �� " � "%$ � * � > � */. �H� > AE* � � � & � $ > * � * � (/. � % * � � � * � > ( � */$N"[, � */. � *+& >X= .`� � ­ �JI º � � � � � *+&o& � � �}' � � * � 0 > (+(& � $ > * � &302"%$)" � " � "%$ � * � " � $). � &)(+*+,-"[&30K* � � > � � *9,�� � "[&)&v. >X= .`� � I ­<ÅÆÅ � * � � *+, > � * � % � � > � � � " '§> $N"> � > & "%$ > % "{. I ­ ÅÆÅ . � ' .E, > $ � * > ( � *9&)&)��" � � � � � " 0�.�$N& � , > &)" > ��AE" � (/.E, > � */. � *+& > &)&)� � " � .�$ � � "=?> &@"�.�$ > "-A �tµ .�$ > � " > $ � 0K* � � >ª=�> &@" � � . � > #"-A � *+& � > � ,-"�. >X= .`� � 9 ­ ÅÆÅ � > (/. � % * � � � * � > ( & � $ > * �. ­ �JI º 0�.`�!( � $N"[&)�!( � * � >t� *+&@ �( > ,-" � " � � * � � � "o.�$ � "%$'. � � "t&N(+*+,-" � � *+,�� � "[&)& ����� *+&x* � � *+, > � "[& � � > � * �� � "�& � $ > * � , > (+,%�?( > � */. � � � " � ' .E, > $ � * > ( � *9&)&)��"�* � > , � � > ( > � � $)" "%$N" � ,-"�,-. � � % ��$ > � *+. � *9&�,-. � �(/" � "[( '� *�Ë#"%$)" � � �· .j& � $ > * � & > � � � .�$N&)*/. � > $N" !$)"[&@" � � " � � ��$w* � % � � "r( > & � > $ � . � * > & � .`(/" � * � 0 � *+, � � � " > � $N* > (& ' & � .`(/"�.E,%,%��$N& � > � � � � "�& � > $ � . � � " #" � > &@" � L 4 � � > %N% * � % �!> � > > $)" > ,DFg�?*/$)" � . & "%$ � > � ' , ' ,%(/"[& �� ��$N* � % * � > % " > F��!*+&N* � */. � � > � */$)$)" % �!( > $ � " > $ � = " > � , > �!&@"[& � � > �»� � " = " % * �A� * � % . > � $N* > (#& ' & � .`(/" & > $ ' $). � , ' ,%(/" � .©, ' ,%(/" ��� "[, > �?&@"t. � � *+&K,-.�$)$)"[, � � " > &)��$)" � " � � &'. ( > & � > $ � . �?(+(9* � % > � � & � > $ � . � � " �" � > &@" > $)" � . � #.`&)&)* = (/" � � � > % " > F��!*+&)* � */. � 0 > &�& � > $ � " � 0�* � � > �@? � � $N* %N% "%$N* � % . � � � " 4 � 0 > & " �0 � *9, � * � � *+, > � "[& � � "t& � > $ � . & " � � $N*9,%�!( > $K,-. � � $ > , � */. � � ¯ &@.`(+� � */. � .�$ � " > &)��$N* � % > � $w* > ( & ' & � .`(/" > � �� � "3" � � *+$)" �" � > &)" � 0�.`�!( �©= "�& � > $ � * � % * � > % " > F��!*+&N* � */. � =(' > �@? � � $N* %N% "%$w* � % . � � � " � � 0 > & " � 0 � *+, �* � � *+, > � "[& � � "�& � > $ � . > � $N* > ( & ' & � .`(/" � B .P0�" & "%$ � = "[, > �!&@"�. � � "�(/.10 &N* % � > ( > � ?(+* � � � "o. � � *9&K0 > & "> ,%,%��$ > � " � $N* %N% "%$N* � % *+& � . � #.`&)&N* = (/" ��:� "t&). � 0 > $)"��!&@" � * � � � *9&'& � � �}' *+&K$)"[& � $N*9, � " � � . � 02. � � * � " � &)*+. � > (�& � $ > * � > � > ( ' &)*+& ��� "[, > �!&@"�. � � *+& � . � ( ' � � " � * � 0 > (+( � �d� �*� ��� > � � � �F� , > � = "t. = � > * � " � $). � � � "�& � .�$ � � > A�*+&3&)(+*+,-"[& � ¯ & > (+$)" >N�}'� " � � */. � " � � $ >N� * > (K& � $ > * � & > (+�!"[&k0�"%$)" ,-. � &)* � "%$N" � � � $N"[(+* >X= (/" � � ��" � . � � " (/.10 &@ > � * > (K$)"[&@.`(+� � *+. �. � > % & * � $ >N� * > ( � *+$)"[, � */. � �<� . . = � > * �y� .�$N"ª& � $ > * � > $ > � " � "%$N& � 0 � *+, � , > � $)"[&).`( & " % $ >N� */" � � &�* �� $ > � & � ��$ > ( � */$)"[, � */. � � � � ��$)"3"-A � " � &)*/. � . � � "o&@. � 0 > $)" $). � > � 0�. � � . � � $)"%" � � * � " � &)*/. � > ( > � > ( ' &)*9&0�.`�!( � = " & "%$ ' �?&@" �?( � L .g.�$N"r" � > ( �Ì� G ­�­�­ # � ; ,-$)" > � " � >Ã�!> � >X=�> &@"r. � � $N"%" � � * � " � &N*/. � > (x& � $ > * �" & .`(+� � *+. � � � $).`� % � .`� �°� � " � � � > � ;«= * � ¬ IM� " > ( � � ' & .`(9� � � "%"%$w& � B .102" & "%$ � � � " � " > &N��$)" � " � � &{* �� � *+&�& � � �}' 0�"%$)"ª$)"[& � $N*+, � " � � . � � " & ' & � .`(+*9,k � > &@" � � � >N�V� * � */. � � � � " % $ > � *+, > (� !$)"[&@" � � > � */. � �!&)" �� > ��"[&�* � � *�|k,%�?( ��� .©"-A � $ > , � Fg� > � � * � > � * & " �!> � > �� � ,-. � ,%(+�!&)*+. � � =(' �!&)* � % � � " � . � * � & > &)* & " L 4 � " > &)��$)" � " � � & > ,%(/" > $C ?*+, � ��$N" *+&�. = � > * � " � . � * � "{,-.`��$N&@"[&K. � � " � * � 0 > (+(�,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( & � $ > * � ��� �}� # � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (�& � $ > * � ��� �F� # > � �� .�$N&)*+. � ��Ç * � � $)"[&@ #"[, �»� . � � " = " % * �A� * � % . "6¾@"[, � */. � �V� �}� � "[,-$)" > &@" � =j'ª>X= .`� � ­ �JI º > � " � � � "6¾a"[, � */. � �� ��$N* � % �?(9(+* � % � � " � �}� * � ,-$N" > &@" � > % > * � � . > & > (+��"v. >X= .`� � � ­ � ­ G > �:� � "v" � � . � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � & ��:� "v& � > (9( � $N.� ª* � & � $ > * � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �¹� . = " % * � "6¾@"[, � */. � *+&�"-AE "[, � " � � . & > � *+& � 0 � " � > � $N* > ( & ' & � .`(+"

¬ �

Page 40: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��, > �!&@"[& � � " >N�A� * � *+. � > (¶�?(+(+* � % . � � "t;>= ��� : L " > &N��$)" � � * � 0 > (9( � �}� � " � . � & � $ > � " � % .�. � > % $)"%" � " � �0K* � � ,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (#& � $ > * � > � � "%$ � & .`� � �C=j' < 0 > � " � = ��$ % " � > ( ��� G ­�­`¬ # � � � µ .�$ � � $)"%" .`� � . ¶ .`�!$� " > $ � & > ,%(/" > $e > � � "%$ � 0 > & .`� � � .�$ � � " � * � 0 > (+( � �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � ��� � � *+(?. � " � � */$ � . � � "v"6¾a"[, � */. � #"%$N*/. � ��� �}� � "[,-$)" > &)" � &)* � *9( > $ .�$ > (+(e&)(9*+,-"[& � ¯ � "%$ � � *+& � > � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-" * � & � " > $�.E,%,%��$)" � � ¯ �t� � ""4F�� > � .�$ � &)(+*+,-" ¬ # � � "�& � " > $ & � >7' " � ,-. � & � > � � 0 � *+(/" � � "�& � " > $30 > &v* � ,-$)" > &@" � � .10 > $ � & � � " =�> &@" > � �� "[,-$)" > &)" � � .P0 > $ � & � � " > #"-A � ¯ � " � � � "6¾@"[, � */. � � � " > � � �}� 0 > & >X= .`� � � ­ � ­ ºr0K* � � > $ > � % "k. ­ �JI ­ �* � � *+, > � * � % � � " & > $N* > � *+. � * � & � " > $ .�$ � � " � *�Ë "%$)" � � &)(+*9,-"[& �c� ��$N* � % � � "t*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,v$)"[( > A > � */. � � > &)"> � � �!$N& � > $ � . �?(9(+* � % � � " � �F� * � � � " � *�Ë#"%$)" � � &)(+*9,-"[&K,-. � & "%$ % " � � . > � > & "%$ > % " � � " > � & > (+��" ­ � ­ I> � � > $ > � % "�. ­ � ­`¬ > �³� � "{" � � . � � " � " > &)��$)" � " � � & �µ .�$ � .�$N&)*/. � >½� "[,-$N" > &@"�0 > & & � .P0 � � ��$w* � %"6¾@"[, � */. � � 0�* � � > � > & "%$ > % " � � " > � � .�$N&)*+. � . ­ � ­ 9 > � � > $ > � % "ª. ­ � ­ � > � " � � � "6¾a"[, � *+. � �y� ��$N* � %*+&@. & .`(+� � *9, $)"[( > A > � */. � � > &@" > � � �!$w& � > $ � . �?(+(9* � % � � .�$N&)*+. � 0 > &�* � ,-$)" > &@" �§> � � $N" � ��$ � " � � . � " > $� � "t* � * � * > (#& � > � " > ��� � " = " % * �V� * � % . "6¾a"[, � */. � � 0K* � � > � > & "%$ > % " � " > � . � ­ � ­ G > � �r> $ > � % "o. ­ � ­`¬> �c� � "K" � � . � � " � " > &)�!$)" � " � � ���:� "[&@"'$N"[&)�!( � &I, > � &@"%$ & " > & > & � > $ � . >°�!> � >X=?> &)" � � > � , > � = "K�!&)" �> & > $)" "%$)" � ,-"k0�* � � 0 � *9, � & � $ > * � &o* � >X= � .�$ � > ( � " > $ � &t, > � = "k,-. � > $)" � > � � , > $ � * > , � "[, � > � *+,%&� . � "[(+&x, > � = " � "[& � " � �

Ä ­

Page 41: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

��� � ����������� ��� � ������� ���! �"� # ��� � �%$&�� �'�(����� �)$*�+��� � �)$�$&�'��� �-,

� � � � "2 !$)" & */.`�!& , � > � "%$ � * � "�,-.`��$w&@"[&�. � �}� �k� �F� > � � � .�$w&)*/. � 0�"%$)"2 !$)"[&@" � � " � ��� . � "[& �i� � "�, > >X= *+(9* � '. � � "�;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(x* � ,-. � ?� � * � % � " .�$ � > � */. � & . � � "�;>= � � � " � . � "[(e !$N" � *+, � */. � & > $N",-. � > $N" � 0K* � � � " > &N��$)" � � * � "o,-.`��$N&@"[& �. %0/ 1 2 1 *43 �52@/62 87�1 *1:9 �;70,3%<��u�p�u� =H¤A� �p©«�5¡*¥N�u�i�̧�¡¬®u§�6c®u¡*¥N�u�i�c¢(�� . � > $N*+&@. � = " � 0�"%" � � " > &)��$)" � " � � & > � � � . � "[(#0 > &K(+* � * � " � � . � � "o$N" % */. � = " � 0�"%" � &)(9*+,-" G > � � Ä �� � & � .`�!( � = " � . � " � � � > � � � " � $N� � , > � " � "[(+(+*+ ?&@.`* �!> ( % "%. � " � $ ' �?&@" � * � ;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( � *�Ë "%$w& $). � � � " � ' &)*/.`(/. % *+, > ( % "%. � " � $ ' . > (/" � & " � � $N*+,%(+" �s�:� " > #"-A *+& � .g. � � *+,�� � &)* � ,-" " � � .�, > $ � * > (> � � "% �*+, > $ � * > (�&)��$ > ,-"[&K* � � � " � . � "[( > $)"{,-. � ,-" � � $w*+, � ¯ ��� � " =�> &@" � � � " = .`� � �!> $ ' ,-. � � * � */. � &x02"%$N"&)* � ?(+*��!" � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �»� . � � " � ' &)*/.`(+. % *+, > (#&)* � � > � */. � ����� "%$)" .�$)" � & � $ > * � &e !$)" � *+, � " �ª=(' � � " � . � "[(> $)"t,-. � &)* � "%$)" � � .�$)" $)" > (+*+& � *+, * � � � " "4F�� > � .�$N* > ( $)" % */. � � � > � * � � � " =?> & > ( > � � > ?*9, > (#$)" % */. � �

� " .�$)"o,-. � > $N* � % � " .�$ � > � *+. � &�. = � > * � " � 0K* � � � � " � . � "[( > � � �?&)* � %�L 4 � > %N% * � % � &@. � " .`& � � !$).E,-"[&)&)* � % 0 > & > ! ?(+*/" � � . � � "o&@.`(+� � */. � &x,-. � ?� � " � =(' � � " � . � "[( ��µ */$N& � ( ' �C� > $ � "[&)* > � & � $ > * � &x,-. �Æ� ?� � " � =j' { > ��4 ¯ · 0�"%$)" � $ > � & .�$ � " � � . & � $ > * � & "-A� !$N"[&)&@" � * � � � " (+.�, > (�, ' (+* � � $N*+, > (e,-.�.�$ � * � > � "& ' & � " � > & � "D� � " � * � "4F�� > � */. � ¬ � ¬ � ¬ � º > � � *9(+(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$N" ¬ � ¬ ��· "-A � � > $)"% !$)"[&)" � � > � * & " � * � �0 > (+(?& � $ > * � .�$ � � " � � $)"%"´�?, � * � */.`�?&�& � .�$ � � > AE*+&2&)(+*+,-"[&2* � � � " ;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(!0 > &2. = � > * � " � $N. �& � $ > * � &K,-. � �� � " � * � � . � "[& � 0 � *+, � > $)"�* � � *+, > � " � 0K* � � > & � "%$N*+& �E& : * � � % ��$N"°Ä �JIl� ¯ (/. � % " > , � � $ > � & �� ��$ > ( (+* � "{. > & � "%$N*+&���& > � > & "%$ > % "ª& � $ > * � *9& ,-. � ?� � " � 0K* � � > 02"[* % � � * � % > , � .�$ � " � "%$ � * � " � =(' >% > �!&)&N* > � � *9& � $N* = � � */. � � * � " � � *+, > ( � . � � "� !$).E,-"[&)&)* � % . � � "{& � $ > * � & $). � L 4 � > %N% * � % �!> � > ��µ * � > (9( ' �� � " � * � 0 > (+(�& � $ > * � &I0�"%$)"�(9* � " > $N( ' * � � "%$) #.`( > � " � * � > AE* > ( � */$N"[, � */. � � .{. = � > * � & � $ > * � & > ��� � " L 4 &)(9*+,-" #.`&)* � */. � & �f��� "C( > � � * � � � "[&�. � � "½�?, � * & " L 4 & � .�$ � � > AE*+&�&)(9*+,-"[&�* � � � "½;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(�02"%$N". = � > * � " � =('Æ� * & * � * � % � � " =?> &)" � � . � > "-A � *+& � > � ,-"�* � &)*nA�" & " � ( '�� *9& � $N* = � � " � > $ � & ���:� " =?> &@" � � . � > #"-A� *+& � > � ,-" � > &K*+(9(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$)"³Ä �JIl� 0 > & � " � "%$ � * � " � > � = " % * � "6¾@"[, � */. � ��¿�À� # �� .�$w&)*/. � . � � "t;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( > $).`� � � * � &o(/. � % > A�*+& 0 > &o, > (+,%�!( > � " � * � > % $)"%" � " � � 0K* � �"4F�� > � */. � ¬ �,�(� �A������> � � � �c��� .�$ � � "~�?, � * & "e&)(+*9,-"[& 0�"%$)" > (+&@.K. = � > * � " �{=j' �?&)* � % (9* � " > */$7"-A � $ > #.`( > � *+. �= " � 0�"%" � � � "{&)(+*+,-"[& �Ç5� " � ,-. � > $N* � % � � " L 4 �u� " > &)��$)" � " � � &x0K* � � � � "�;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( � * � *+&e* � #.�$ � > � ��� � > �� � " & � $ > * � &�$N" "%$ � . � � " & > � "v$)" "%$)" � ,-"v& � > � " ��µ $). � � � "3"-A� #"%$N* � " � � > (£;>= ²!.P0i,%��$ & "[&x* � � % �!$)" ¬ � º* � , > � = "o,-. � ,%(+� � " � � � > �:� � "��?$N& � * � > % "o0 > & � >N� " � " > $ ¿�À ÂÁ�~�:� "%$)" .�$)" � � � "t& � $ > * � & > &K&)* � �!( > � " �=(' � � ";>= � "[, � > � *+,%&x0�"%$)" � "D� � " � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �:� . � � "o,-. � � % ��$ > � */. � > � ¿ÁÀ� �>@?BADC PEAGF0HICKJLJDFNMDCOJNPGQSRTCVU@HXWYU@CXSZU@F0Q[U@\^]_Aa`bW5RTFYcdCO`@Ffe^C(SZ`:MDFHGbJhgjiYkalm`Vn5Q�i5o_pW]qiarts4`Vn5Qui0s0k$]hrtv_lw`Vn5Qxrty_p+W0JGM(rzkds`Vn5Q�rKo0k$[

Ä I

Page 42: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�g��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

���������

�����������

����������

�����������

�������������� ����������� ��� � �"!#���$� �&% ���

���������A�#D('gG*)�� _ R��)YbO@� _}c Y+]�� ��� R��apa]`L[\fJ9p)W'R _ ~ �NT�L%Y | �bMPJ/\ � � �ap)YbJ _ \f� J/T/TVUXW@YZO�L%YbJ/\¦MtY/]��xT�L[YZYbJ/YZUf~��@W _}c Y/]�� � ¨��� p)YbJ/¨��vWd] _ O@YbldLNm1JnWKW@TVJ9p��)WN��h _ J/\fYZW�UXW��a~�Y _ p _ R ^ U�Y��3O�� ^ O��)W��)\gY�L[YZJ/¨��o~ � c)_ O@R L%YbJ _ \fW c)_ O3Y/]�� � pNYZJ/¨��W@TVJ9p��)W�L%O��KJ/\�~[J9p�L[Y �a~ty�J/Y/]kL-W@Y��)O@JnWQ«%W)�. %(' )+*-,�.0/21�,3%

µ * % ��$)"[&½Ä � G > � , � " & � .10 � * � " ,-.`��$N&@"[&ª. � � " ,%*/$N,%� � "%$N" � � * > (v& � $ > * � ��� �}� # � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (& � $ > * � ��� �F� # > � � � .�$N&N*/. ��� " > &)��$)" � * � � " > $ � I .�$ &)(9*+,-"[& G � . Ä � > & � "[&),-$N* = " � * � � � "§ ?$)" & *+.`�!&, � > � "%$ �<�:� "[&@"C,-.`��$N&@"[&� !$)"[&)" � � > � ' ?*9, > (�"-A > � ?(/"©. � " > � � * � 0 > (+(2& � $ > * � & > � � � .�$N&)*/. � * � � � ""4F�� > � .�$N* > (�$)" % */. � . � � " � " > $ � � � � $).`� % � .`� � > ( > $ % "o > $ � . � � "t, > $ � * > ,t, ' ,%(/" �:�:� " � " > &)��$N" � " � � &" � � & > � � � � � ; > & � > $ � . �?(+(+* � % � * � 0 � *+, � > � $N* > (�& ' & � .`(/"e.�,%,%��$w& � > � � & � > $ � . *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,2,-. � � > , � */. ��! �" # � > &@"�02"%$N" � . � � " > &)�!$)" � � > &{* � � *+, > � " � 0�* � � � � "tF���"[& � */. �H� > $�� �t��� " , � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *+, & > (+�!"[& .�$ � * � " ,-.`��$N&@"[&e. & � $ > * � & > � � � .�$N&)*/. � � > & � "D� � " � * � , � > � "%$ ¬ � 0�"%$)" � " � "%$ � * � " � .�$'&)(9*+,-"[& G � .�Ä. > (+( � " > $ � & �c�:� " . = � > * � " � & > (9��"[& > $)" % * & " � * � � >X= (/"³Ä �JIl�µ * % ��$)" Ä � G = � � � & � .10 � * � " ,-.`��$w&@"[&x. � �}� �A� �}� > � � � .�$w&)*/. � > &x !$N" � *+, � " �ª=(' � � "³;«= � "[, � > � *+,%&� . � "[( > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � � " UCZ(^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � ¯ & .�$ � � " "-A� #"%$N* � " � � > ( �!> � > � , � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *9, & > (+�!"[&0�"%$)" . = � > * � " � .�$ � � " ,-.`��$N&)"[&� !$)" � *9, � " � =(' � � "�;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( �Ã� . % " � > , � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *+,& > (+��" � 0 � *+, � *+&{,-. � > $ >X= (+" 0K* � � � � "k" � � � " > &)��$N" � " � � ��À Å # & > (+��"[& � � . � "[( > � � � " > &)��$N" � " � � &0�"%$)"§,-. � > $)" � > � "4F�� > (K #"%$N,-" � � > % "[&C. & .`(+� � " ��+ Í}B|Í

y-,/.10�2�} # � &@"%" � % �!$)" ¬ � Ä > � ¯ �±� � " " � � . L 4� " > &)�!$)" � " � � & � > & "%$ > % " � +Í}B|Í

y-,/.10�2�} .�$ � " > $ � & I � . Ä 0 > & >X= .`� � K ­ " �M� * � " * � � � "±;>= � "[, � > � *+,%&� . � "[(�0K* � � > & .`(9� � "v #"%$N,-" � � > % " "4F�� > ( � . À Å *+&e* � � *+, > � " � 0�* � � > � > $N$).P0 ��� � � # ���:� " � " � "%$ � * � " �, � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *9, & > (9��"[& > $)" % * & " � * � � >X= (/"³Ä �JIl�µ * % ��$)"�Ä � G = *+(9(+�!& � $ > � "[& � � > �_� � $).`� % � .`� ��� � "�, > $ � * > ,{, ' ,%(/"� !$)" � *+, � " � � �}� 0 > &v� � * .�$ � .�$ � � "� � $)"%"�&)(9*+,-"[& � ¯ ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � � "�;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( � �}� * � ,-$)" > &@" �<� ��$w* � % ��(+(+* � % �_� �}� & � > $ � " � � .� "[,-$)" > &)" � ��$N* � % � � " �" > � � ,-. � � * � ��" � � "[,-$)" > &N* � % � ��$w* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � �¨Ç * � � *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,k$)"[( > A > � */. ��! {n # � > &@" > &N(+* % � � * � ,-$N" > &@"r0 > & � " � . � & � $ > � " � � ¯ & � >X= (/"fÄ �JI * � � *+, > � "[& � ;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( !$)" � *+, � */. � & .�$ � � " � �}� > $)"t* � % .�. � > % $)"%" � " � � 0K* � � � � " � " > &)�!$)" � " � � & �µ * % ��$)"´Ä � G � & � .P0�& � � " � * � "3,-.`�!$N&@"v. � * � 0 > (+( � �F� .�$x&)(+*9,-"[& G � .ÆÄ �c�:� " ;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( !$)" � *+, � " �r> & */$ � � > (+( ' ,-. � & � > � � � �F� � ��$N* � % ��(+(+* � % � 0�* � � > & � > (+( � "[,-$N" > &@" .�$�&N(+*+,-"[& G > � � ¬ � > � � >

& � > (9( * � ,-$)" > &@" .�$t&N(+*+,-"�Ä � .10 > $ � & � � " " � � . �?(+(+* � % �Ç�� " � � � " #" � > &@" & � > $ � " � ��� �F� * � ,-$)" > &)" �0K* � � ­ � ­ º > � &)(9*+,-" G � ­ � ­ G º > � &N(+*+,-" ¬ > � � � "[,-$)" > &@" � 0K* � � ­ � ­ Ä > � &N(+*+,-"_Ä � ¯ � ¿�À� � � " ;«= � "[, � > � *+,%&� . � "[(7 !$)" � *+, � " � > � * � ,-$)" > &@"�* � � �F� .�$ � � " � � $)"%"�&N(+*+,-"[& � ¯ � >X= .`� � > � � */$ � . � � "{"6¾@"[, � */. � � > &)" � !$)" � *+, � " � � �F� .�$ � � "o&)(+*+,-"[&x& � .P0�" � >�� "[,-$)" > &)" > � ��� * & "%$ % " � ,-" ��� ��$N* � % � � " �n � > &@" � �F� & � .� ! #" �� "[,-$)" > &N* � % > � � * � ,-$)" > &@" � � .10 > $ � & � � "r,-. � � % ��$ > � */. � > �n� � " = " % * �A� * � % . �?(+(+* � % � � * � " ,-.`��$N&@"[&

Ä G

Page 43: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�g� � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \�������������=�� ������������������ ��!#"$��!#�M%'�)(+*,� " /;-������,�a13!+4,5���(7(r> ¤F¤ ? > ¤�£ ��<�43��-���"�!+-�<W��"�"�� "�"$�L4:/;-���"$(+!+�6� "��X��-��2���6�6-��84�!7<�T��-Q���,����R13� �8����<,!+� "&13-�4��6( ��<�4VNQP ����T�T�!7<,T 13� ��"$*���� 1:� <@��" ? "$� �3`�T�*����Wb�U c /;-�� �9d�[,(#�)<��)��!+-�< UPE��<,T��L"a����-�*,<�4Q���,�313� ��<�"X�)���2T�!7%��6<5M!7����!7< ���,�J[Y�)���6<@���,�L"$�L" R��aL%\ \}OQL[\¦M�� ]�U���)(+*,� "a[,��� 4,!+�9��� 4

� GW���,���� 1:�L�8���)<�!+� "�1:-�4�� (�5M!7��� �J4�� %@!#�'��!7-�< (+����T��6��������< �,U �� ? 5M!7��� ��� "�[�� ���M��-3���,� NP 1:�L�'A"�*,��� 13�6<@��" ? �)���X!7<�4,!+� �'���L4 � -�(+4H/����9�L4 U L 4 UkZj^� �}�� " > � > � À�À½� $ > � % " # � ­ �JI � � ­ � ­ I º # � ­ �JI º � ­ � ­ #� " > � > � À Å � $ > � % " # � ­ � ­ G º � ­ � ­ I # � ­ � ­ G � ­ � ­ #$ > � % " "6i�n8t i " "�� "'uJÀ ­ �JI7K ­ �JI49� �F�� " > � > � À�À½� $ > � % " # � ­ � ­ º � ­ � ­ � # ������� f��i� ­ � ­ º #� " > � > � À Å � $ > � % " # � ­ � ­�­ º � ­ � ­ G # � ­ � ­ IM� ��� e �*#$ > � % " "6i�n8t i " "�� "'uJÀ ­ � ­ 9 ��� erf$ > � */. w�yBzF|w�} ~$}{�

­ � ¬ ­ � ¬lsv�n < BvHj� " > � > � À�À½� $ > � % " # � ­ � ­ � � ­ � ­ I # � ­ � ­ � � ­ � ­ I #� " > � > � À Å � $ > � % " # � ­ � ­ I º � ­ � ­ I # ������� ���i� ­ � ­ #$ > � % " "6i�n8t i " "�� "'uJÀ ­ �JI ­ ­ �JI ­

. � �F� � > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � . � "[( > � � L 4 � " > &)��$)" � " � � & � � " � . � & � $ > � " � � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[& � � $N.`� % � .`� �t� � ", > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/" � ¯ &o* � � *+, > � " � * � � >X= (/"�Ä �JIl� > �°� � "�" � � . � � " L 4 � " > &N��$)" � " � � & > ( � .`& � � . & � " > $0 > & � " � . � & � $ > � " � .�$ � � " � � $)"%" &)(+*+,-"[& ���:� " ;«= � "[, � > � *+,%&e !$N" � *+, � " �ª> � � � � > ( > $ % "v$ > � % "o* � � �F� �¯ &{*+(9(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % �!$)"nÄ � G , � � " > &)��$)" � � �F� & � .P0�" � > � "[,-$)" > &@" > � = " % * � "6¾@"[, � */. � � 0 � " > $N" > & � � "� . � "[(# !$)" � *+, � " � > � * � ,-$)" > &@" �µ * % ��$)"�Ä � G & � .10K& � � " � " � #.�$ > (�" & .`(+� � */. � . � � " � * � 0 > (+( � .�$N&N*/. � > &© !$)" � *+, � " � =(' � � "f;>=� "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( ��� ��$N* � % �?(+(+* � % � � .�$N&)*/. � 0 > &�&N* � *+( > $ = " � 02"%" � � � "v&)(+*9,-"[& > � � * � ,-$N" > &@" � 0�* � � ­ � ­ G ºn�i,tl�»�:� "o* � ,-$)" > &@"t,-. � � * � ��" � � �!$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" ����� " � .�$N&)*/. � & � > $ � " � � . � "[,-$)" > &)"t0K* � � "6¾@"[, � */. � �¯ � " � � "6¾a"[, � *+. � ��À�À # � � "� !$)" � *+, � " � � .�$N&N*/. � *+&�&N(+* % � � ( ' ( > $ % "%$ = " � 0�"%" � &)(+*+,-"[& ¬ � Ä � ­ � ­ � º n�i,t # � � > �= " � 0�"%" � &)(+*+,-"[& GC� ¬ � ­ � ­ 9 º n�i,t # �f� ��$w* � % � � " �n � > &@" > & � > (+(2* � ,-$)" > &)"©* � � .�$w&)*/. � 0 > &{ !$)" � *9, � " �= " � 0�"%" � &)(9*+,-"[& GC� ¬ � � .P0 > $ � & � � " " � � . � � " {n � > &@" � � .�$N&)*/. � = " � 02"%" � &)(+*+,-"[& ¬ � Ä * � ,-$)" > &@" � � .� � " & > � " & > (+��" > & = " � 0�"%" � &)(9*+,-"[& GC� ¬ �yÇ�� " � ,-. � > $w* � % � � " , � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *+,%& > � À Å � � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-"[&* � � * � " ,-.`��$N&@"[& . � .�$N&N*/. � = " � 0�"%" �H� . � "[( > � � � " > &)��$)" � " � � & > $N" . = &@"%$ & " � � L 4 � " > &)��$N" � " � � &� " � . � & � $ > � " � > � .�$w&)*/. � . � ­ � ­ I º � 0 � *+(/" � � " � . � "[(� ?$)" � *+, � " � > � " > � � .�$N&)*/. � . � ­ � ­ ºNº �. %2$ ��� ,��-. ,;,���� %

� . � > $N*+&@. � . ?$)" � *+, � " � > � � � " > &N��$)" � � * � " ,-.`��$w&@"[&x. � �}� * � � � " "4F�� > � .�$N* > (#$)" % *+. � . � � " � " > $ �& � .102" � $)" > &). � >X= (/" > % $)"%" � " � � * � � $N" � �{> � � $ > � % " ��� *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[& 0�"%$)" � " � . � & � $ > � " � * � � � "� !$)" � *9, � " �> � � � " > &)��$)" � � * � "�,-.`��$N&@"[&�. � �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � �¹��� " � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[&�0�"%$)"{* � � *+, > � " � 0K* � � � � "�, � > $ > , �� "%$N*+& � *+, & > (9��"[& > � À Å � ¯ ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � � " L 4 � " > &)��$)" � " � ��� � "[&)" & > (9��"[& > $)" & */$ � � > (+( ' * � � " � � *+, > (� . � � .`&@" > �� � " = " % * �A� * � % . "6¾a"[, � *+. � � 0K* � � > � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-"k. � � � "©.�$ � "%$t. ­ � ­ Il� � � ,-. � � $ > & � � � � ", � > $ > , � "%$N*+& � *9, & > (+��"[& > � À Å > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � .<;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( � > $)"C. � � � "©.�$ � "%${. ­ � ­ � � �:� *+&* � � *+, > � "[& � � > �:� � " � . � "[(# ?$)" � *+, � &x( > $ % "o, � > � % "[&�* � � �F� > � � � .�$N&N*/. � � ��$w* � % � � "o( > & � > $ � . �?(9(+* � %> � � � � " �" � > &@" � ¯ & � " � . � & � $ > � " �r=(' � � " � . � "[( � � .`& � . � � *+& � " .�$ � > � *+. � .E,%,%��$)" �f� ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" ����� *+&�*+& � . = "v"-AE #"[, � " � � &)* � ,-" � ��$w* � % � � "o( > & � > $ � . ��(+(+* � % � ' .E, > $ � * > ( � *9&)&)��"v*+&� > &)&)* & "Ä ¬

Page 44: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�g� � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 2slice 3slice 4

fill ? ejec ir

(a)

Tem

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

fill ic ejec ir (b)

Tem

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

fill ? ejec ir (c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(d) fill ic ejec ir

Tem

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

fill ? ejec

(e)

ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

(f) fill ic ejec ir

Tem

���������A�#D��!Gt�?J/R��Kp _ U�OaW��)W _}c Y+]���R3J9~%y�L%T/T p)J/OQpNU�R c �)O��N\fYbJ9L%TEW@YbOQL%J/\ z L%l | �-��p)J/OQpNU�R c �)O��N\fYbJ9L%T�lFOQLP~[J9L%T�W@YbOQL%J/\ z p)ld~@�L[\�~�Y _ OaW@J _ \ z �Nl c �'R��aL%WaU�O���~KJ/\o]��aL%O@Yp� c)_ OIW@TVJ9p��)W � z�� �-� �fz�� ��L%\�~�� z�� �'y�J/Y/]oUXW�� _dc qts YFLNM�M[J/\XMz ]��aL[O@Y*�a�'L%\E~ ^ O���~[J9p)Y��a~ | �eY/]�� ��� R��apa]`L[\fJ9p)W R _ ~��)T�LPpap _ OQ~[J/\¦MKY _ Y+]��� ���eW@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \E� z � _ OaW@J _ \| �NYZy����N\oW@TVJ9p��@W-�1l �tz�� � �KL%\E~ � l � z�� � �P� � �E]��eL[O@O _ y � � J/\�~[J9paL%Y��@WIY+]��2YbJ/R�� ^`_ J/\fY#J/\tY+]���R _ ~��)TL[Y y�]�J9p�]©¨ _ T�U�R��vpa]`L%\XM��3y�L%W ��')UfL[T�Y _ Y+]`L[Y L[Y�Y/]�� �N\�~ _}c Y/]���R��aL-W@U�O��NR��)\gY9WN� � ���� � � ��pNYbJ _ \ �����JnW _ ¨ _ T�U�R�J9p3O��NT�Lwm¦L[YZJ _ \ � ����� � T/TVJ/\¦M � ����JnW _ ¨ _ T�U�R�J9pvp _ \gYZOQL1p)YbJ _ \E�

ÄNÄ

Page 45: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�g� � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��> � � & */$ � � > (+( ' *+&). � $).� ?*+, � � � , > � = " > &)&N� � " � � � > � , � > � % "[&3* � & � " > $ > � � � .�$N&N*/. � > $)"o ?$)" � . � * � > � � ( ', > �!&@" � =('j> � *+&@. � $N.� ?*+, � > � "%$N* > ( = " � > & */.`��$ � ��$N* � % � � " > , � * & " & � > � "ª. � � "©(/" � & " � � $N*+,%(+" � � . � &)" �F���" � � ( ' � * � *+& "-AE #"[, � " � � � > � � " > &)��$)" � & � " > $ > � � � .�$w&)*/. � > � À Å > $)"K$)"% !$)"[&@" � � > � * & " .�$�& � " > $�& � $ > * � &> � " � � . �?(+(+* � % �T�:� "v( > $ % " � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-" * � � " .�$ � > � */. � � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" 0 > & > (+&@. � " � . � & � $ > � " �0 � " � ,-. � > $N* � % =?> &@" � � . � > #"-A $). � > � */. � . � � "Æ;«= � . � "[( 0K* � � � " > &)��$N" � " � � & =(' � " '`> $o" � > ( � * �, � > � "%$ G �� .K"-A� ?( > * � � � "�� � � ' &N*/.`(/. % *+, > ( � " .�$ � > � */. � * � � � "~;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( � ��$w* � % � $ > � & .�$ � > � *+. � $). � � � "� > &N&)* & " � * > & � .`(+*+, � . � � " > , � * & " & ' & � .`(+*+,�& � > � " � � "[, � > � *+, > ( "4Fg�?*+(+* = $w*+� � 0 > &e,-. � &)* � "%$)" � � � �� � " � . � "[( > � � � ' &)*/.`(+. % *+, > (+( ' � � " .�$ � > � */. � *+&v&)�!, � � � > �_� � " .�$N,-"[& > � � � . � " � � & * � � � "� > &)&)* & "� *+&)&N��" � > � $N*/A > $)"©* � "4Fg�?*+(+* = $w*+� � 0K* � � .�$N,-"[& > � � � . � " � � &{"-AE"%$ � " � * � � � " > , � * & " � �!&),%(/"t� = "%$w& ��:� "�( > $ % " � " .�$ � > � */. � .`� � � * � � � " � . � "[( � ��$N* � % � � " #" � > &@" � $)"D²!"[, � & � � > � ( > $ % " .�$N,-"[&v* � � � " > &)&N* & " � > � $N*/A > $)"�* � & .`( & " � * � � � "o"4F��!*+(+* = $N*+� � � ¯ ! > $)" � � ( ' � * � � � " � " > &N��$)" � � " > $ � &'"4F��!*+(+* = $N*+� �*+&e. = � > * � " � 0K* � � .`� � &)* % � *J�?, > � � ( ' * � & .`( & * � % � � "o > &)&N* & " � > � $N*nA �¯ (9&@. � �!$N* � % � � "©"6¾a"[, � *+. � � > &@" >f� *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"©0 > &�. = &)"%$ & " � * � � � " � * � "C,-.`��$N&@"[& � �F� = " � 02"%" �� . � "[( > � � � " > &)��$N" � " � � & � � . � � � " > &)��$)" � " � � & > � � � . � "[( � " � . � & � $ > � " � �!$N& � > , � > � % "C* � � �F�&)* � *+( > $ .�$ > (9(K&)(+*9,-"[& � �:� "%$N" > � "%$ � >y� * & "%$ % " � ,-" = " � 02"%" � � � " &)(+*+,-"[& .`(9(/.P0�" � � B .P0�" & "%$ � > �±� � "= " % * �A� * � % . "6¾@"[, � */. � � � " � . � "[(� !$)" � *+, � " � > � * � ,-$)" > &@" .`(+(+.P0�" � =j' � � " � * & "%$ % " � ,-" � 0 � "%$)" > & � � "L 4 � " > &N��$)" � " � � & � " � . � & � $ > � " �r>�� "[,-$)" > &@" .`(+(/.102" � =j' � � " � * & "%$ % " � ,-" �¯ $)" > &@. � .�$ � � "[&@" * � ,-.�$N$)"[, � !$)" � *+, � " �M� " .�$ � > � */. � * � � � "³;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � � >7'k= " > &N,-$N* = " � � .� � "e, � .`*9,-"2. � = "%$7.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � ¯ � ¾@�!& � * � % � � "e,%��$)$N" � � � ' .N� = "%$ .�$N*/" � � > � */. �Æ� >4' $)"[&)�!( � * � * � !$). & " �> % $)"%" � " � � = " � 02"%" � � . � "[( > � � "-AE "%$w* � " � � &¯ � . � � "%$ $)" > &@. � .�$ � � " � *+&N,-$)"% > � ,%*/"[&C* � � " .�$ � > � */. � & � 0�.`�!( � = " � � " $)"[&)�!( � . � � $)" > (+*9& � *+,� . � "[(+(+* � % . � � " % "%. � " � $ ' ����� " � " > $ � � > & > � �!, � � .�$)"�,-. � ?(/"-A % "%. � " � $ ' � � > � � � " � $N� � , > � " �"[(+(+*+ ?&@.`* � � ¯ & � " � � */. � " � � � � " =�> &@" > � � > #"-A . � � "±;>= � . � "[( > $)"©� � $)" > (+*+& � *9, � � � >N�A� * � */. � � � � "" Ë#"[, � . � � "�$w* % � � . � � � " � " .�$ � > � */. � . � � "�0 > (+( . � � "t;>= *+& � " % (/"[, � " � = "[, > �!&@"�. � � " &)* � ?(+* ��!" � % "%. � " � $ ' �:�:� "[&)"t* � > ,%,%��$ > ,%*/"[&K* � % "%. � " � $ ' 0K*+(9( > Ë "[, �_� � " � ' .�, > $ � * > ( > � � "%$ � . ,-. � � $ > , � */. � !$)" � *+, � " �j=(' � � " � . � "[( � B .102" & "%$ � ? "%"%$ � & � ! &N&@" & .g.�$ � � G ­�­ G # :d; � " � . � & � $ > � " � � � > � & > $N* > � */. � &t* �% "%. � " � $ ' � >N� (/"[&)&3* � ²?��" � ,-"o. � � = "%$�& � $)"[&N& > � � & � $ > * � � *9& � $N* = � � */. � � � > � & � > (+( & > $w* > � */. � &�* � � ' �.N� = "%$ .�$N*/" � � > � */. � ���:� "%$)" .�$N" � * � *+&I* � #.�$ � > � ��� . % " � �!$N& � � .�$N"K* � &)* % � � * � � � "'* � ²?��" � ,-"e. � ' .N� = "%$> $)$ > � % " � " � � . � � ' .�, > $ � * > (�& � $ > * � & � = " .�$)" . = � > * � * � % > � .�$)" $)" > (+*+& � *+, % "%. � " � $ ' �

Ä«º

Page 46: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

� ��� � �!� # � ��� $�� � � � ��� �'� �����+� � $��)$*�+������ ���(����� � $*�+��� � � $�$&�'��� � ,

� � � � "{ !$)" & */.`�!&', � > � "%$ * � 0 > &v,-. � ,%(+� � " � � � > �´� � "{( > $ % "�, � > � % "[&3* � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (�& � $ > * ���� �}� # > � � � .�$N&)*/. � !$)" � *+, � " �v=(' � � " � . � "[( � �!$N* � % � � "�*+&). & .`(+� � *+, ,-. � � $ > , � */. � �! �" # 02"%$)"2� � � ' &N*/.`(/. % �*+, > ( � ¯ � * � ,-.�$)$)"[, � � ' .N� = "%$ > $N$ > � % " � " � � 0 > &e* � " � � *��!" �©> & > #.`&)&N* = (/"K&).`��$N,-" .�$ � � "[&@" � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[& �� � � � *+& , � > � "%$ � � "'&)" � &)* � * & * � ' . � * � "x,-.`��$N&@"[&I. � � " � �}� �«� �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � . � & > $N* > � */. � * �Æ� ' .N� = "%$.�$N*/" � � > � */. � 0 > &K* � & "[& � * % > � " � � .�,%�?&)&)* � % . � � � "t, � > � % "[&K* � & � $ > * � & > � � � .�$w&)*/. � � �!$N* � % � � " �"D�c��� "&@" � &N* � * & * � ' & � � �}' 0K*+(9( ' */"[( �§> � * � � *+, > � *+. � 0 � " � � "%$ � � " � . � "[( ,-.`�?( � !$)" � *+, � � ' &N*/.`(/. % *+, > ( & � $ > * � &0K* � � * � $ > � % "[&x. � = "%$x.�$N*/" � � > � */. � $N"% .�$ � " � * � (+* � "%$ > � ��$)" �#%0/ 1 2 1 *43 �52@/62 87�� *1B9 � 70,3%� . & � � �}' � � "v" Ë "[, � . � � " � = "%$ > � % (/" > $)$ > � % " � " � � . � � " .�$ � > � */. � > � � "%$ � &x !$)" � *9, � " �©=(' � � "³;>=� "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( � &)* � �!( > � */. � &�0�"%$)" #"%$ .�$ � " � 0�* � � > & > $w* > � */. � * � � = "%$ > � % (/"�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � �n��� "& > $N* > � */. � * � � $ > � & & "%$N&)" > � % (/"o0 > & � "[&N,-$N* = " �C=j' �

6 + � !N� � � B � # - � 6 + � ��� ��� # 1 � I P � � # 1�� � º �JI #0 � "%$N" � > � � � > $)"3 > $ > � " � "%$N& & > $ ' * � % � � "_� = "%$ > � % (/" > $)$ > � % " � " � � � 6 + � ��� # >N� .� � " � $). � 4 * ¾),���" �" � > ( ��� 0 � *9, � 0 > & � "D� � " ��=j' "4F�� > � */. �MG � � � > A�,-"% � .�$ � � " � ' .N� = "%$ > $N$ > � % " � " � � � > (9(!&@" � � * � % &�02"%$N"> ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � � " UkZ(^ &)* � �!( > � *+. � > & � "[&),-$N* = " � * � &@"[, � */. � G �JIl�µ * % ��$)"tº �JI > & � .P0K& � � " ,-.`��$N&@"[&o. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&)" > � % (/" > � � * � 0 > (+( � � - ­ # $). � > "-A � . =?> &)" .�$ � � "v&)* � �!( > � *+. � & #"%$ .�$ � " � 0�* � � > & > $N* > � */. � * � � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" ���:� " & > $N* > � */. � &�* � � � "3,-.`��$N&@"[&. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" 0�"%$)"j0�* � � * � � � " $ > � % " > & � " > &)�!$)" � =j' ? "%"%$ � & � ! &)&@" & .�.�$ � �?&)* � % L 4:�� *�Ë��!&)*/. � � " � &).�$ � � > % * � % � :d; � � &N* � �?( > � */. � & `7UCa[Xie��Df<� � - G 1 � �:��@; $ >N� # > � � `7UkaVXie � f � � -ÌP G 1 � �:��@;$ >N� # � > & > $N* > � */. � * � .lË�&@" � 0 > & � >N� "©0�* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �� . � � " UCZ(^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � � � � � "[&@"ª&)* � �!( > � *+. � &� � " � > A�* � � � , � > � % " * � � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/"§. G � .E,%,%��$)" � > � � * � 0 > (+( � � - ­ # � � � &)* � �!( > � *+. � &`7UkaVXTe���e � f �s� � - I q G º # > � � `7UkaVXTe�� ����� � � � - ­rq K º # � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&)" > � % (/"�0 > & � �?( � */ ?(+*+" � 0K* � � > > , � .�$ Il� G º > � � ­ � K º � $)"[&) "[, � * & "[( ' �

� "[&)* � "[& � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@"_� = "%$ > � % (+" � > (+&). � � "�" Ë "[, � . & > $N* > � */. � * � � "[(+*nA > � % (/"30 > &�* � & "[& � * % > � " � �B "[(+*nA > � % (/" > $)$ > � % " � " � � & > $N*+" � > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . "4Fg� > � */. � º � G �

�� + � !N� � � B � # - � � + � ��� ��! # 1�" � º � G #0 � "%$N" ! > � � " > $)"� > $ > � " � "%$N& & > $ ' * � % � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" > $)$ > � % " � " � � � �� + � �#� # > & � "D� � " � * � "4Fg� > �� */. � G � º �µ * % ��$)"°º �JI = & � .10K& � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/"t,-.`�!$N&@" > �´� � "o"4F�� > � .�$ $). � " � � .E, > $ � � .©"% ?*+, > $ � .�$3&)* � � �( > � */. � &� #"%$ .�$ � " � 0K* � � > & > $N* > � *+. � * � � "[(+*nA > � % (+" ��:� "�,-.`��$w&@"�. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (+" .�$ � � "[&)"

Ä �

Page 47: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

� �� � # � � #−1 −0.5 0 0.5

−40

−35

−30

−25

−20

−15

−10

−5

0

5

10

tran

sver

se a

ngle

[deg

]

reftrans+2trans−2trans*1.25trans*0.75

−1 0 1−60

−40

−20

0

20

40

60

80

helix

ang

le [d

eg]

refhelix+5helix−5helix*1.1helix*0.9

��������� �ED('gG z La� � _ U�OaW��)W _}c Y+]���YbOQL[\`W@¨��NOaW��©L[\¦MPT �CL%YKR3J9~%y�L[T/T z ����� � c O _ R L ^ ��m Y _ | L-W�� c)_ O�W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW^ �)O c)_ O@R��a~oy�J/Y/]�L ¨-L[O@J9L%YbJ _ \kJ/\�YbOQL[\`W@¨��NOaW��KL[\¦MPT �w� z}| � � _ U�OaW��)W _dc Y/]��2]��NTVJ�m�L%\XM[T ��L%Y Y+]�� ��')UfL[Y _ Oz ����� � c O _ R �)\E~ _ p�L[OQ~ Y _ � ^ J9paL[OQ~ c)_ OxW@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W ^ �)O c)_ O@R��a~{y�J/Y+] L ¨%L%O@J9L[YZJ _ \©J/\�]��NTVJ�m�L%\XM[T��w�&)* � �!( > � *+. � &�0 > & > ,%,-.�$ � * � % � . � � " UkZj^ &N* � �?( > � */. � � &@"%"³� % ��$N" G � G = � , ���:� " & > $N* > � */. � & � >N� "o* � � "[(+*nA> � % (/"�0�"%$)"�(+.P0 > &v,-. � > $)" � � . & > $N* > � */. � $N"% .�$ � " � * � "-AE "%$w* � " � � > ( �!> � > . � � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" ��� � �&)* � �!( > � *+. � & diZ�\�� � � � ! - º 1 � �:��@; # > � � diZ�\�� � �s� ! - P º 1 � �:��@; # º � 0 > & >N�A� " � � . > � � &)� = � $ > , � " � $). � � � " � "[(+*/A > � % (/"t. � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � � � &N* � �?( > � */. � & diZ�\�� � ���� � " - ­rq � # > � � diZ�\�� � e � e� " - I q I # � � " � "[(+*nA > $)$ > � % " � " � � . � � " UkZ(^ &)* � �!( > � *+. � 0 > & � �!( � *+ ?(+*/" � 0K* � � > > , � .�${. ­ �,� > � �Il�JIl� $N"[&@ #"[, � * & "[( ' �= > $N* > � */. � & * �� ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � & � .`�?( � � . � $N"[&)�!( � * � � � "x(/.`&)& . & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $7 ?� � � � , � *+. �. � � "_;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( �¶��� "%$)" .�$)" �(� " � . �A' � > � *+,%& > � � & > $N,-. � "%$)"3& � .�$ � " � * � % 0�"%$)"K" & > (+� > � " � .�$ � � " � *�Ë "%$N" � � &N* � �?( > � */. � &e #"%$ .�$ � " � ��B " � . �}' � > � *+,v0 > &'"-AE !$)"[&N&@" � * � � > AE* � � � ;«= !$)"[&)&)�!$)"��� � !)� # > � � "6¾@"[, � */. � $ > , � *+. � ����� # > � � 0 > &K�!&)" � � . $)"% !$)"[&)" � �:� � " % (/. =?> ( , > $ � * > ,v ?� � � � , � *+. � �{ > $N,-. � "%$)" � "[, � > � *+,%&�0 > & "-AE !$)"[&N&@" � =j' � � " � $ > � & � ��$ > ( � *+& � $N* = � � *+. � . � ' .N� = "%$©& � $)"[&)& ����� !N�@� #> � � & > $N,-. � "%$)"o& � .�$ � " � * � % ������� !)�@� # � ��$N* � % � � "v"6¾a"[, � *+. � � > &@" ��µ .�$ � � "[&@"v > $ > � " � "%$w& � . � . % " � .`�!&� *+& � $N* = � � *+. � &�0�"%$)"'"-AE #"[, � " � � .t"-AE*+& � � ��$N* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � � :������ � � { > $N,-. � "%$)" � "[, � > � *+,%&�02"%$)" � " � "%$ � * � " � .�$ � � "o"4F�� > � .�$N* > ( $)" % */. � . � � " � . � "[( � > &K0 > &�* � � *+, > � " � 0�* � � > & � "%$N*+&���&'* � � % ��$)" Ä �JIl�µ * � > (+( ' � =?> &@" � . � � � " .`� � � &@" � &N* � * & * � ' . & � $ > * � & � . & > $N* > � *+. � * � � = "%$�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � > � � > (&)* � �!( > � *+. � 0 > &' #"%$ .�$ � " � 0�* � � > � "[& � * � > � " � .� � * � > (�&@" � � * � % . � � "�� = "%$x.�$w*/" � � > � *+. � �#%(' )+*-,�.0/21�,3%����4��u� 5±¡*©j�"¡*¥>�"�i�¦�p��¥> c¤Ã¥N©>¡¬�c¢��i¤V©«¢k¤ ¡¬�c�i®"¤p�µ * % ��$)"[&�º � GC� º � Ä & � .10 � * � " ,-.`��$w&@"[& . � � " � * � 0 > (+( � �d� �³� �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � .�$r&)(+*9,-"[& G � . Ä .�$&)* � �!( > � *+. � &�0K* � � > & > $N* > � */. � * � � $ > � & & "%$w&@" > � % (/" �3! Z W `#"%$'& (*),+tS[X.-0/1/32�µ * % �!$)"_º � G * � � *9, > � "[& � � > �~� * � "K,-.`��$w&@"[&�. � �}� 0�"%$)" � > * � ( '�> Ë#"[, � " �©=('$ > *+&N* � % > � � (+.P0�"%$N* � % � � " � $ > � & & "%$w&@" � = "%$ > � % (+" � > &x& � .P0 � .�$x&)* � �!( > � */. � & `7UkaVXTe��Vf > � � `CUCaVXTe � f¬�Ç�� "%$)" > &K* � � � " UCZ(^ &N* � �?( > � */. � � �d� 0 > &K� � * .�$ � ( 't� *9& � $N* = � � " � * � > (+(�&)(+*+,-"[& � &N* � �?( > � */. � & `7UkaVXTe��Vf> � � `7UkaVXTe � f ?$)" � *+, � " � > % $ >N� */" � � . � �}� . & "%$ � � " &)(+*+,-"[& � � � &)* � �!( > � *+. � `CUCaVXTe��Vf � ��$N* � % � � " #"

� > &)" � �d� * � &)(+*+,-" G 0 > & � .�$)"k #.`&)* � * & " � � > � � � > � * � &N(+*+,-"nÄ �f� ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � *+. � � � " % $ >N� *+" � � 0 > &.� ! #.`&)* � " � � � &)* � �!( > � */. � `7UCa[Xie � f¬� � � "[&@"o, � > � % "[&3* � % $ >N� *+" � � 0�"%$)"o.� ! #.`&)* � " � . � � > � * � `CUCaVXTe��Vf¬�3! Z W `4"%$'& (*),+ S*X5-#/1+�2 ¯ &�*9(+(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$)"[& º � ¬ = > � � , � > � > ( � "%$ > � */. � * � .lË�&@" � !$)" � . �Æ�* � > � � ( ' > Ë#"[, � " � � � "{,-. �t� . � , � > � % "�. > (+( � � $)"%"{&N(+*+,-"[&K* � � �}� � ��$N* � % � � "�*9&@. & .`(+� � *+,o,-. � � $ > , � */. �

Ä K

Page 48: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

ref

slice 2slice 3slice 4

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

trans+2

(b) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

trans−2

(c) ejec ir ic fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

trans*0.75

fill ic ejec ir (d)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

trans*1.25

(e) ir ejec ic fill

��������� �ED��!Gt�?J/R��Cp _ U�OaW%�)W _}c R3J9~%y�L[T/T > ¤F¤ c)_ O�WaT�J9p��)W �rY _ �`� L%W ^ O��a~%J9pNY���~ | � Y/]�� ��� R��ap�]fL%\fJ9p)W R _ ~��)TL1p�p _ OQ~%J/\XMtY _ W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW ���[��� ������� � zF| �-��� ����� ��� z pF�-������������ �ED�� � z ~a�tL%\E~�� ������� 'gD�� �z �}�[���@\�Y+]��x~[J ��NO��)\gY�W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W�YZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW�� � | �)OeL%\¦MPT ��L%O@OQL[\¦M��)R��)\gY�JnW2¨%L%O@J �a~vy�J/Y+]�O��)W ^ �apNY�Y _Y+]�� ���oWaJ/R3U�T�L[YZJ _ \��Ä 9

Page 49: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

ref

slice 2slice 3slice 4

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

trans+2

fill ic ejec ir (b)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

trans−2

(c) ir ejec ic fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

trans*0.75

fill ic ejec ir (d)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

trans*1.25

(e) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �EDFBEGt�?J/R��Cp _ U�OaW%�)W _}c R3J9~%y�L[T/T > ¤�£ c)_ O�W@TVJ9p��@W � Y _ ���oL-W ^ O��a~[J9p)Y��a~ | � Y/]�� ��� R��ap�]fL%\fJ9p)W R _ ~��)TL1p�p _ OQ~%J/\XMtY _ W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW ���[��� ������� � zF| �-��� ����� ��� z pF�-������������ �ED�� � z ~a�tL%\E~�� ������� 'gD�� �z �}�[���@\�Y+]��x~[J ��NO��)\gY�W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W�YZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW�� � | �)OeL%\¦MPT ��L%O@OQL[\¦M��)R��)\gY�JnW2¨%L%O@J �a~vy�J/Y+]�O��)W ^ �apNY�Y _Y+]�� ���oWaJ/R3U�T�L[YZJ _ \��Ä �

Page 50: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

ref

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

trans+2

(b) ir ejec ic fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

trans−2

fill ic ejec ir (c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

trans*0.75

(d) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

trans*1.25

(e) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �ED��#Gt�?J/R��op _ U�OaW��@W _}c R�J9~[y�L%T/T�Y _ OaW@J _ \ c)_ O�W@TVJ9p��@W ��Y _ ����L-W ^ O��a~%J9pNY���~ | �tY+]�� ��� R��apa]`L[\fJ9p)W�R _ ~��)TL1p�p _ OQ~%J/\XMtY _ W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW ���[��� ������� � zF| �-��� ����� ��� z pF�-������������ �ED�� � z ~a�tL%\E~�� ������� 'gD�� �z �}�[���@\�Y+]��x~[J ��NO��)\gY�W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W�YZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW�� � | �)OeL%\¦MPT ��L%O@OQL[\¦M��)R��)\gY�JnW2¨%L%O@J �a~vy�J/Y+]�O��)W ^ �apNY�Y _Y+]�� ���oWaJ/R3U�T�L[YZJ _ \��}� _ OaW@J _ \ | �)Yby����)\ WaT�J9p��)W@�Pl �kz���� � L[\�~ | �NYZy����N\�W@TVJ9p��@W � l � z�� � �P�º ­

Page 51: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)��! �" # � > &@" � { * � �?( > � */. � `7UkaVXTe��Vf $)"[&)�!( � " � * � > � * � ,-$)" > &@" � ��$N* � % � � " #" � > &)" > � � &)* � �!( > � */. �`7UkaVXTe � f * � > � "[,-$N" > &@" � ¯ , � > � % "ª* � � � "©(/. � % * � � � * � > (�,-.`��$N&@"©. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/"k* � &N* � �?( > �� */. � `7UkaVXie � ����� � > � � `7UkaVXTe���e � f�� > Ë#"[, � " � � � " � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-" = " � 0�"%" � � � "�&)(9*+,-" � ��$w* � % � � " #" � > &)" �{ * � �!( > � *+. � `CUCaVXTe�� ����� � � " � . � & � $ > � " �j> � * � ,-$N" > &@" � $ > � % "�. � �}� � 0 � *+(/"�&)* � �!( > � */. � `7UkaVXTe���e � f��� "[,-$)" > &)" � � � " $ > � % " = " � 0�"%" � � � "t&N(+*+,-"[& �3! Z W ` "%$'& (*),+¦S*X `7SVUl\]S[X 2 µ * % ��$)"[& º � Ä = > � � , � " � . � & � $ > � " � � > � > , � > � % " * � .lË�&@" � * �� $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" > Ë "[, � " � � � "{$ > � % "�* � � .�$N&)*+. � � �!$N* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � � ¯ �A� * � *+. � > ( ' � &N* � �?( > � */. � `CUCaVXTe � f� "[,-$)" > &)" � � � "o,-. �t� . � , � > � % "o* � � .�$N&)*+. � .�$ � � " &)(+*9,-"[& � ��$N* � % � � " #" � > &@" � ¯ , � > � % "o* � &)(+.� "3. � � "�(/. � % * � � � * � > (7,-.`��$N&@"�. � � " � $ > � & & "%$w&@" > � % (/" > (+&@. , � > � % " � � � "�,-. �t� . � , � > � % " * � � .�$w&)*/. � .�$� � "t&N(+*+,-"[& � �!$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" ����� " `7UkaVXTe�� ��� � � * � ,-$)" > &@" � � .�$w&)*/. � � ��$N* � % �"D� 0 � "%$)" > &K&)* � �!( > � */. �`7UkaVXTe���e � f � � "[,-$)" > &@" � � .�$w&)*/. � �����4���4 5±¡*©j�"¡*¥>�"�i�¦�p��¥> c¤  c¤V®u��� ¡£�c�i®"¤i�µ * % ��$)"[&�º � º � º � K & � .10 � � " � * � " ,-.`��$w&@"[&v. � � " � * � 0 > (+( � �}� �i� �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � .�$ � � " &)(+*9,-"[& G � . Ä .�$K&)* � �!( > � */. � &20�* � � > & > $N* > � */. � * � � "[(+*nA > � % (/" �3! Z W ` "�� & (�),+ S[X - /1/ 2»� * � "v,-.`��$N&@"[&e. � �}� !$)" � *+, � " �C=j' &)* � �!( > � */. � & dTZ��\ � � � > � � dTZ]\ � � �� " � . � & � $ > � " �r> ( � .`& � � . � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-"[&x0K* � � � � " UCZ(^ &)* � �!( > � */. � ��µ * % ��$)"°º � º � & � .P0�& � � > � &)* � �!( > � */. �dTZ��\ � � ��� � "[,-$)" > &@" � � � "�,-. �t� . � , � > � % "�* � � �}� .�$ > (9(7&)(9*+,-"[& � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &)" � 0�* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �� . � � " UCZ(^ &N* � �?( > � */. � �n��� "�.� ! #.`&)* � "�0 > & � " � . � & � $ > � " � .�${&)* � �!( > � */. � dTZ��\ � ��e � eA� > &t& � .P0 � * �� % ��$N"°º � º¦" �3! Z W ` " � & (�),+ÆS[X -#/1+�2~µ $). � � % ��$)"[&�º � � =k> � � ,e* � , > � = "e. = &@"%$ & " � � � > � &)* � �!( > � */. � & dTZ��\ � � �> � � diZ�\�� � � , � > � % " � � � "k$ > � % "©* � � �F� � ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � *+. � � ¯ � "[,-$)" > &@"ª* � &)(+.� "k. � � " � $ > � & � ��$ > (,-.`��$N&)"�. � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (+" .�$ &)* � �!( > � */. � dTZ��\ � � ���� !$)" � *+, � " �{> � * � ,-$)" > &@"�* � � � "�$ > � % "�* � � �F� � ��$w* � %� � " �" � > &@" � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �t� . � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � �:� " .� ! #.`&)* � " 0 > & !$)" � *+, � " � =(' &)* � �!( > � */. �UkZj^ ��e � eV� > &K& � .P0 � * � � % ��$)"°º � � " �3! Z W `4" � & (�),+fS[X5`7S[UCe7\]S*X 2³µ * % ��$)"ƺ � ÄC* � � *+, > � "[& � � � > � & > $N* > � */. � * � � "[(+*nA > � % (+" > $)$ > � % " � " � �� > * � ( 'j> Ë "[, � " � � � "C,-. �n� . � , � > � % "C. � .�$N&)*/. � .�$ > (+(2&N(+*+,-"[& � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" � { * � �!( > � *+. � &dTZ��\ � � � > � � diZ�\ � � ���� (/" � � . > � "[,-$)" > &)" � 0 � *9(/"{&)* � �!( > � */. � & diZ�\ � � � > � � dTZ��\ � ��e � e (/" � � . > �* � ,-$N" > &@" . � .�$N&)*/. � � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" �����4��$� �y¤V�5��ª�­���¡¬���u§}¢�¡£��ª¸¢k¡*©j§��i�5¤A©>¤¨� ¤[§« �¡¬���u§}¢(�� >X= (/" º �JI & � .10K& � � " � " � . �}' � > � *+,%& > � � & > $N,-. � "%$)" � "[, � > � *9,%& .�$ � � " #"%$ .�$ � " � &)* � �!( > � *+. � & �L > AE* � � � ;«= ?$)"[&)&)��$N" � ��$N* � % � � " UkZ(^ &)* � �!( > � *+. � *9& I49(� G � � > � 0 � *+(+" � � "t"6¾a"[, � */. � $ > , � */. � *+&:º 9(� ¬" ���:� "[&@" � " � . �}' � > � *+, > (� > $ > � " � "%$N& > $)"2* � > % $)"%" � " � � 0K* � � $N"% .�$ � " � � ' &N*/.`(/. % *+, > (f > $ > � " � "%$N& � : �µ .�$ � � "x"4Fg� > � .�$N* > (E$)" % */. � � > & "%$ > % " � & > $N,-. � "%$)"K& � .�$ � " � * � % � ��$w* � % "6¾a"[, � */. � � ��� !)�@� 0 > & G 9�I �A� 0K* � �> ,-.�"D|k,%*/" � � . & > $N* > � */. � . K " � ¯ , � * & "°� = "%$K& � $)"[&)& � " � . � & � $ > � " � > � > & "%$ > % "�. ¬ G �,� � � >k> � � >,-.�"D|k,%*/" � � . & > $N* > � */. � . G ¬ " �¯ (9(�&N* � �?( > � */. � � " � . � & � $ > � " � � " � . �}' � > � *+, > ( & > (9��"[&�* � ,%(/.`&@" > % $)"%" � " � � 0�* � � � � " UCZ(^ &)* �Æ��!( > � *+. � �½Ç * � � "-AE,-"% � */. � . � � "©&)* � �!( > � */. � & 0K* � � > , � > � % "ª* � .lË�&@" � . � "[(+*nA > � % (/" � &)* � �!( > � *+. � &� " � . � & � $ > � " � (9* � � "k, � > � % "C* � ,-.g"D|©,%*/" � � &{. & > $N* > � */. � . � � "k& > $N,-. � "%$N" � "[, � > � *+,%&t0K* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �� . � � " UkZj^ &N* � �?( > � */. � � { * � �!( > � *+. � dTZ��\ � � � !$N" � *+, � " � � � > � � "[,-$)" > &N* � % � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" (/" � � . >� .�$)" � . � . % " � .`�!& � ' .N� = "%$ & � $)"[&)& � *9& � $N* = � � */. � > ,-$).`&N& � � "�0 > (+( � 0 � *+(/"�* � ,-$)" > &N* � % � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (+"* � &)* � �!( > � */. � diZ�\�� � � � > & � � " .� ! #.`&)* � " " Ë#"[, � �����4�� < ��¢C¥>�u�5¡*¥N¤Vª �i��¥>�u�5¡¬®´¢l�0� 6c®u¡[¥>�u�i�:�� > &@" � . � � � " $)"[&)�!( � &�. � � " & > $N* > � */. � & � , � > � % "[& 0�"%$)" � >N� " * � � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � ��� � > � � " �,-$)" > &@" � � � "�( > $ % "�, � > � % "[&v* � � � "{,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > ( & � $ > * � > � � � .�$w&)*/. � � ��$N* � % � � "{*+&). & .`(+� � *+,,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" ���:� "�&)(/.� #"t. (/. � % * � � � * � > ( ,-.`�!$N&@"�. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/"�0 > & * � ,-$)" > &@" � 0K* � �> > , � .�$ Il� G º � $N"[&)�!( � * � % * � > � "[,-$N" > &@" � , � > � % " . � � " ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > ( & � $ > * � � ��$w* � % � � " #"

º I

Page 52: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

ref

slice 2slice 3slice 4

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

helix+5

(b) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

helix−5

(c) ir ejec ic fill

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

helix*0.9

(d) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

helix*1.1

(e) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �ED��EGt�?J/R��Kp _ U�OaW�� _dc Y+]��xR�J9~[y�L%T/T > ¤F¤ c)_ O�W@TVJ9p�� � Y _ �kL-W ^ O��a~[J9p)Y��a~ | � ��� R��apa]`L[\fJ9p)WeR _ ~ �NT�L1pap _ OQ~%lJ/\XMCY _ W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W$ ��� z La�-��� ��� ������� z}| �-��� ��� ��� �� z p}����� ��� ����� �ED�� z ~a�CL[\�~� ��� ��� � 'fD(' z �}�P��)\ Y/]��t~[J ��)O��)\gY�W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW']��)TVJ�m � | �NOoL%\XM[T ��L%O@O�L%\¦M��NR��N\fY2JnW3¨%L%O@J �a~ky�J/Y/] O��@W ^ �ap)Y2Y _ Y+]�� ���W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \E�

º G

Page 53: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

ref

slice 2slice 3slice 4

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

helix+5

(b) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

helix−5

fill ic ejec ir (c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

helix*0.9

(d) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.25

−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

helix*1.1

(e) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �ED� fGt�?J/R��Kp _ U�OaW�� _dc Y+]��xR�J9~[y�L%T/T > ¤�£ c)_ O2W@TVJ9p��@� Y _ � L%W ^ O���~[J9p)Y��a~ | � ��� R���pa]`L[\fJ9p)W�R _ ~ �NT�L1pap _ OQ~%lJ/\XMCY _ W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \`W$ ��� z La�-��� ��� ������� z}| �-��� ��� ��� �� z p}����� ��� ����� �ED�� z ~a�CL[\�~� ��� ��� � 'fD(' z �}�P��)\ Y/]��t~[J ��)O��)\gY�W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW']��)TVJ�m � | �NOoL%\XM[T ��L%O@O�L%\¦M��NR��N\fY2JnW3¨%L%O@J �a~ky�J/Y/] O��@W ^ �ap)Y2Y _ Y+]�� ���W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \E�

º ¬

Page 54: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

ref

(a) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

helix+5

(b) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

helix−5

(c) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

helix*0.9

(d) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

helix*1.1

(e) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �ED��fGt�?J/R��kp _ U�OaW�� _dc Y+]���R3J9~%y�L[T/TIY _ OaW@J _ \ c)_ O{W@TVJ9p�� � Y _ �jL-W ^ O��a~[J9p)Y��a~ | � ��� R��apa]`L%\gJ9p@W�R _ ~��)TL1p�p _ OQ~%J/\XM�Y _ W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fW �� � z L@��� � ��� ������� z}| �-� � ��� ��� �� z pF�-� � ��� ��� � �ED�� z ~a��L%\E~ � ��� ����� 'gD('z �}�[� �@\CY/]�� ~%J ��NO��N\fY W@J/R3U�T�L%YbJ _ \fWe]��NTVJ�m � | �)O�L[\¦MPT �oL[O@OQL%\XM��NR��N\fY JnW�¨-L[O@J ��~�y�J/Y/]kO��)W ^ �apNY Y _ Y+]���� �oW@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \��}� _ OaW@J _ \ | �NYZy����N\�W@TVJ9p��@W@�1l � z���� �oL%\�~ | �)Yby����)\�W@TVJ9p��)W � l � z � � �[�

ºkÄ

Page 55: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)���������� � �� ����a(+- � ��(a� �)�84�!+��� /;*,<��9��!+-�<k�6d�[,���L"�"�� 4 !+<k1J�'d�!+1 *,1 �� [,��� "�"�*,��� \�� ��� � ]W��<�4 ���s�L����!7-�< /;��������!7-�<\�� ]� ��^%�� ����T��L4������<�"�1 *,�8�)(�1 G�-�` � �6�3"s�����L"�" \��� � � £a¤ ] ��<�4K"��)�8�9-�1:� ���W"��,-��$���6<,!+<,T \ ���� � � £a¤ ]:4�*��$A!+<,TV���,����s� �9��!+-�< [,����"$� ? 5M!7��� �6-@���W�9!+�6<@��"J-�/a%'����!#�'��!7-�<�" \��� � £ \ � � � £a¤ ]������ \ � � � £�¤ ] � �� � � £�¤ �)<�4

��� � £ \ ��� � � £a¤ ]!�"�#� \ ��� � � £a¤ ]$� ��%� � � £�¤ ]9UdTZ�vÃS¬z�&iXia[vy\ W e e4aAU W S[vyZ(UCZ<vÃZ W diaVX¶\ W e� � !)� �#� '��� !N�@� ! � !N� ���=� !)�@� # '����� !)�@� ! � !N� ��� ��� !)�@� #(*),+ i.- ( " - (*),+ i.- ( " - ( j Å - ( " -

UkZj^ I49(� G º 9(� ¬ ¬ G �,� G ¬ G 9�I KlBn�iHj <0/ À^n < À3iHj�o�uJÀ`7UkaVXTe��Vf I7Kj� K ºNº � º ¬�¬ � º G K G � 9 K`7UkaVXTe � f I7Kj�,� º � � G ¬�¬ � G I49 G K ­ 9`7UkaVXTe�1 ����� � I7Kj�,� º � � K ¬ Il� º G º G K(I K`7UkaVXTe�1 e � f�� I49(� G º 9(� º ¬ Ä � ¬ G ­ G 9 G K2 À'u� 43DiHjYo,u�ÀdTZ��\ � � � I7Kj� K º � �JI ¬�¬ � � ¬ K GNG º ºdTZ��\ � � � I49(� Ä º �(� Ä ¬ G �JI I G G �N9 I ­dTZ��\ �51 ���� I49(� ­ º Kj� º ¬ G � G G K G Kl� INIdTZ��\ �51 e � e I49(�JI º 9(� ­ ¬ G �,� G � G K ¬ ºSVhT`C\�vya I49(� ¬ º 9(�,� ¬ Ä � ­ I7K G I4�(� Ä 9

� > &)" � � % ��$N"_º � ¬ " # � ¯ �A� * � */. � > ( ' � � � " � $ > � & � �!$ > (?,-.`��$w&@"K. � � " � "[(+*/A > � % (/"K0 > & � "[,-$)" > &@" � * � .lË#&@" �0K* � � ¬ � � $)"[&)�!( � * � % * � > � "[,-$N" > &@" � , � > � % "ª* � � .�$N&)*+. � � �!$N* � % *9&@. & .`(+� � *+,k,-. � � $ > , � */. � � º � K , # �Ã��� "$)"[&)�?( � &e. � � *+&x&)* � �!( > � *+. � > $N" � " � . � & � $ > � " � * � � % ��$)"�º �,9(�� * � "�,-.`��$N&@"[&�. � � " � �}� � !$)" � *+, � " � =(' � � "_;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(!0�"%$)"v* � % .g. �©> % $N"%" � " � � 0K* � �� � " � " > &N��$)" � " � � & �t�:� "� ?$)" � *+, � " � � * � " ,-.`��$N&@"[& . � �}� � " � . � & � > � " �j>�� "[,-$)" > &@" � , � > � % "©* � � �F�� ��$w* � % � � " �" � > &)" �¶�:� "2 !$N" � *+, � " � � �F� > � À6t � *�Ë#"%$N&70K* � � � � " � �F� > �¶� � "�" � � . � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � & �¯ & � " � � */. � " � * � , � > � "%$´Ä � 02" > &)&)� � " � � � > � � �F� > �:� � "t" � � . � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � &K0 > &K$)"% !$)"[&)" ���� > � * & " .�$ � � " � �F� > � À9tl� * � � *9, > � * � % � � > ��� � "K !$N" � *+, � " � , � > � % "[&�* � � �F� � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" > $)"�& � *9(+(� � � ' &)*/.`(/. % *9, > ( �0B .102" & "%$ � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, ��� . � � " UCZ(^ &)* � �!( > � */. � * � !$N. & " �j> % $)"%" � " � � *+& . = � > * � " �= " � 0�"%" �<� . � "[( > � � � " > &)��$)" � " � � & � ��$w* � % � � *+&K � > &@" � ¯ � . � � "%$ � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-"{* � � �F� = " � 0�"%" �<� . � "[(> � � � " > &)��$)" � " � � &�*+& � " � . � & � $ > � " � � ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � */. � �¹��� " � " > &)�!$)" � " � � & � " � . � & � $ > � " �§> &)* � *+( > $� "[,-$)" > &)"C* � � �F� .�$ > (+(2&)(+*+,-"[& .`(9(/.P0�" �j=('H� * & "%$ % " � ,-" � 0 � "%$)" > & � � " � . � "[(I ?$)" � *+, � & . � ( ' > � * & "%$ �% " � ,-"�* � � �F� �´µ .�$ � � " � .�$N&)*/. � � � " � . � "[( !$)" � *+, � " �r> &)(+* % � � . & "%$)"[& � * � > � */. � * � ,-. � > $N*+&@. � � . � � "� " > &)�!$)" � " � � & � B .P0�" & "%$ � � � "�( > $ % "�, � > � % "�* � � .�$w&)*/. � � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &)"{*+&3& � $). � % ( '�� "[,-$)" > &@" � �0K* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �»� . � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � �� >X= (/"�º �JI * � � *+, > � "[& � .�$ � � "x"[& � * � > � " � .� � * � > (�&)* � �!( > � */. � > � .�$)" � . � . % " � .`�!& � ' .N� = "%$�& � $)"[&)&� *+& � $N* = � � *+. � � � > � !$)" � *+, � " �ª=(' � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � �

ºNº

Page 56: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��� s��)W@U�TVYZW)�

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

slice 2slice 3slice 4

fill ? ejec ir

(a)

Tem

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

stra

in E

cc

(b) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

fill ? ejec ir (c)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

0.1

time [ms]

shea

r st

rain

Ecr

(d) fill ic ejec ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

fill ? ejec

(e)

ir

0 100 200 300 400 500 600−0.2

−0.15

−0.1

−0.05

0

0.05

time [ms]

tors

ion

[rad

]

(f) fill ic ejec ir

��������� �ED��EGt�?J/R���p _ U�OaW��)W _dc�z L%� | �tpNJ/OQp)U�R c �NO��)\gYZJ9L[TEW@YZOQL[J/\kp)U�O@¨��)� z p)�Z~a�opNJ/OQp)U�R c �NO��)\gYZJ9L[TVlFOQL1~%J9L%T?W@YZOQL[J/\kp)U�O@¨��L[\�~ z �)� c �vY _ OaW@J _ \©pNU�O@¨��@��LPpap _ O�~%J/\¦MtY _ qts R��aL-W@U�O��NR��N\fYZW�L[\�~ ^ O��a~%J9pNY �a~ | �vY/]�� ��� R��apa]`L[\fJ9p)WR _ ~��)TfL1pap _ OQ~%J/\XMxY _ Y/]����)WaYbJ/R L%Y���~ _a^ YbJ/RvL[T�W@J/R�U�T¢L%YbJ _ \��3�E]��IL[O@O _ y � � J/\E~%J9paL%Y��@W�Y+]���YbJ/R�� ^`_ J/\fYJ/\©Y/]��'R _ ~��)T#L%Y y�]XJ9pa]k¨ _ TVU�R��3pa]`L%\XM���y�L%W ��'NUfL%T?Y _ Y/]fL%Y L%Y Y/]�� �N\�~ _}c Y+]��KR��aL%WaU�O��)R��)\gY9WN� ������ T/TVJ/\¦M ������JnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R�J9pvp _ \gYZO�LPpNYZJ _ \ � ��������� � �apNYZJ _ \ªL[\�~ ����JnW _ ¨ _ TVU�R3J9p�O��NT�LNmXL%YbJ _ \E�

º �

Page 57: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��

6

#.`&)* � * & "o& � " > $ � �

� � 6

� " % > � * & "{& � " > $� ' .N� = "%$"% ?*9, > $ �" � � .E, > $ �

� � � �

#.`&)* � * & " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" � " % > � * & " � $ > � & & "%$N&)" > � % (/"

� > # � = #��������� �ED��gG���p�]��)R L%YbJ9p©J/T/TVUXW@YZOQL[YZJ/\XM Y+]��kJ/\ � U��N\�p�� _dc'�7| �NOaW�y�J/Y+]jL ^`_ W@J/YZJ/¨��CYZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW��©L%\¦MPT ��� �Cz L@� L[\�~\ �bM¦L%YbJ/¨��IYbOQL%\fW@¨��NOaW���L%\XM[T�� z}| �'~%U�O@J/\XMeWNL%O�p _ R��NO�� Wd] _ O@Y��)\gJ/\¦M¦�3�E]��2pNJ/OQpNT �@Wa�?O�� ^ O��@W��N\fYbJ/\¦M�L'p)O _ WaW@lW��ap)YbJ _ \ _dc Y+]��']��aL%O@YZ�IL[O��3J/T/TVUXW@YbOQL%Y��a~�L-WK¨�J �)y��a~ c O _ R Y+]�� L ^ ��mX� �� ¤ L%\E~ �� £ L%O��vO��)W ^ �ap)YbJ/¨��)TV��Y+]��pNJ/OQpNU�R c �NO��N\fYbJ9L%T�L%\E~ªOQL1~%J9L%T�~%J/O��apNYZJ _ \j¨��apNY _ O _dc Y/]���T _ paL%T�qts p _�_ O�~%J/\�L[Y ��W@�-WaY��NR �g�� £ � �� ¤ � �� ¥ ¡ �L%WkJ/T/TVUXW@YZO�L%Y���~rJ/\ � MPU�O�� � � � ��� ^`_ W@J/YZJ/¨��CYZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW��ªL%\XM[T��Cy�J/T/T2O��)W@U�TVYvJ/\ L O��NT�L[YZJ/¨�� ^`_ W@J/YZJ/¨��O _ Y�L[YZJ _ \ _dc Y/]�� � ^ J9paL%OQ~[J9L%T y�L%T/T�y�J/Y/]�O��@W ^ ��pNY�Y _ Y+]�� �)\E~ _ paL%OQ~[J9L%T?y�L[T/T L[\�~oL ^`_ WaJ/YbJ/¨��'WQ]���L[ON��� _ OL�\ �bM¦L%YbJ/¨��vYZO�L%\`W@¨��)OaW�� L[\¦MPT �vY+]��3O _ Y�L[YZJ _ \`W3L[O��vO��N¨��NOaW��a~-� O��)WaU�T�YZJ/\XMtJ/\rL{\ �bM¦L%YbJ/¨��3WQ]��aL%ON����]��aL[OJnWvJ/T/TVUXW@YZO�L%Y���~kL-WvY/]��o~%JnW ^ T¢LPp��)R��N\fY _}c Y/]�� _ O@J�M[J/\EL%T7~ _ YbY �a~�TVJ/\ � z���� �{Y _ Y/]�� YbOQL%\fW c)_ O@R���~�W _ TVJ9~TVJ/\ � z �Z�P��H'J/O���pNYbJ _ \ _dc O _ YFL%YbJ _ \©JnWxJ/\�~%J9paL[Y �a~ty�J/Y/] Y/]���~1L-WQ]��a~�L%O@O _ y#WN�#%2$ ��� ,��-. ,;,���� %� � � � *+&2& � � �}' 0�" � > & "o* � & "[& � * % > � " � � � "v&)" � &)* � * & * � ' . � � " � * � "v,-.`��$N&)"[&2. � � " � �}� �}� �}� > � � � .�$N&)*+. �. � & > $N* > � */. � * � � ' .N� = "%$�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � � > $ � *+,%�!( > $N( ' � �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � � " � . � & � $ > � " � � . = "t&@" � &)* � * & "� . & > $N* > � */. � &�* � � � "M� = "%$t.�$w*/" � � > � *+. � �f� �}� *9& � . > (+"[&)&@"%$�"-A � " � � &@" � &)* � * & " � . & > $N* > � */. � � = "[, > �!&)"* � *+&K$N"[( > � " � � . � � " & .`(+� � "{, � > � % " � � "[&N* � "[& � � "�* � ²?��" � ,-"t. � = "%$K.�$N*+" � � > � */. � � * � � "%$) ?( >4' . . � � "%$ > , � .�$N& ?( >7' > $).`(+"�$N.`(/"�* � � � " ,-. � � $ > , � */. � > � � "%$ � . � � " � " > $ � � " � % � � . � (+* � " > $� > &N&)* & " � > � "%$N* > (= " � > & */.`��$ � > , � * & > � *+. � &@"4F���" � ,-" ���:� *9& � > ��"[&�* � � *�|k,%�!( �¶� .o"-AE ?( > * � � � "'&)* � �!( > � */. � $)"[&N�!( � & * � � " � > *9( �· " & "%$ � � "[(/"[&)& � &@. � " =�> &)*+,v" Ë#"[, � &�, > � = " "-AE ?( > * � " � ��:� "K* � ²?��" � ,-"K. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/"[&2. � � " .�$ � > � */. � . � � " � " > $ � *+&�*+(+(+�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$)"_º �,�(�! � � "%$ > � � * �A� "%$3,%*/$N,%(/"[&K$)"% !$)"[&@" � ��� � "{"% ?*9, > $ � * > ( > � � " � � .E, > $ � * > ( 0 > (+( . � � " � " > $ � � $)"[&@ #"[, � * & "[( ' �� ��$N* � % ,-. � � $ > , � */. � . � � "�& > $w,-. � "%$)"[& � � "_� = "%$N& 0K*+(9(�& � .�$ � " � � { � .�$ � " � * � % . � = "%$N&I0K* � � > #.`&)* � * & "� $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/"r0K*9(+(e$)"[&)�!( � * � > $)"[( > � * & " #.`&)* � * & " $). � > � */. � . � � " "% �*+, > $ � * > ('0 > (+(K0K* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �� . � � "k" � � .E, > $ � * > (�0 > (+( � $)"[&)�?( � * � % * � > #.`&)* � * & " & � " > $ � � *+$)"[, � */. � . $). � > � *+. � *+& � "D� � " � #.`&)* � * & "* � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$N" � � * > ( � *+$)"[, � */. � � � � � � � "%$ * � ²?��" � ,-"r. > � " % > � * & " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" � � " .� ? .`&N* � ".E,%,%��$N& � µ $). � � � " (/. � % * � � � * � > (�,-.`��$N&)" . � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" � * � � *9, > � " � * � � % ��$)"�º �JI > � * � , > �= " ,-. � ,%(+� � " � � � > � =(' * � ²?��" � ,-"©. � � " � $ > � & & "%$w&@" > � % (/"[& > � " % > � * & " & � " > $ $N"[&)�!( � & > ��� � " > #"-A ��:� *9&I& � " > $ � "[,-$)" > &@"[& � .10 > $ � & � � "K"4F�� > � .�$ > � �k= "[,-. � "[&2 #.`&)* � * & " � .10 > $ � & � � " =?> &)" � � � ,-$N" > &)* � % � � "� $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (+"[&'* � � � "°;«= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[(#$)"[&)�!( � &'* � > � * � ,-$)" > &@" . & � " > $ �� � ²?��" � ,-"C. � "[(+*nA > � % (+" .�$N*/" � � > � */. � . � � ' .�, > $ � * > (e0 > (+( � *+&@ �( > ,-" � " � � , > � = "ª"-AE ?( > * � " � =('&)* � ?(+* ' * � % � � " % "%. � " � $ ' . � � " � " > $ �±� . > , ' (+* � � "%$ � > &C*+(+(9�!& � $ > � " � * � � % ��$)" º �JI ­ �¦�:� " .`� � "%$, ' (+* � � "%$�$)"% !$N"[&@" � � & � � " &)� = "% ?*+, > $ � * > (?( >7' "%$N&x. � � " � " > $ � � ,-. � &N*+& � * � % .`� � . � = "%$N&�0K* � � > � " % > � * & "� "[(+*/A > � % (+" �:�:� "t* �V� "%$K, ' (+* � � "%$x$N"% !$)"[&@" � � & � � "{&)� = " � � .�, > $ � * > (#( >4' "%$N& � ,-. � &N*+& � * � % . � = "%$w&x0K* � � > #.`&)* � * & " � "[(9*nA > � % (+" � � � � � "t, ' (9* � � "%$ � . � "[( > ,-$).`&)& � &@"[, � */. � > (� ?( > � " *+& > &N&)� � " � 0 � "%$)" � �F� *+& ¼ "%$). �� ��$N* � % ,-. � � $ > , � */. � & � .�$ � " � * � % . � � "�� = "%$w&x* � � � "o.`� � "%$3, ' (9* � � "%$x0K*9(+(#(/" >N� � . > .`&N* � * & " $). � > � */. �. � � " > ?*9, > (7&)* � "t. � � *+&3, ' (+* � � "%$K0�* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �´� . � � "�* �A� "%$v, ' (+* � � "%$ � � � ,-. � � $ > & � � & � .�$ � " � * � % . � = "%$N&'* � � � "�* �A� "%$3, ' (+* � � "%$'0K*9(+(#$)"[&)�!( � * � > � " % > � * & "�$). � > � */. � 0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, ��� . � � "�.`� � "%$3, ' (+* � � "%$ ��:� "v$)"[( > � * & "o #.`&)* � * & "v$). � > � *+. � . � � " .`� � "%$K, ' (+* � � "%$e0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �»� . � � "o* �V� "%$x, ' (+* � � "%$e0K*+(+(�$)"[&)�?( �

º K

Page 58: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��

=?> &@"

> #"-A

.`� � "%$3, ' (+* � � "%$

* �A� "%$', ' (+* � � "%$� ' .N� = "%$"% ?*+, > $ �" � � .E, > $ �

#.`&)* � * & " & � " > $

� " % > � * & "t& � " > $� . � �F� �� � � � � � �

��������� �ED('��EG��Epa]��NR L%YbJ9pªJ/T/TVUXW@YZO�L%YbJ/\¦M Y+]��CJ/\ � U��N\�p�� _dc�� | �NOaW y�J/Y+] L ]��NTVJ�mjL%\XM[T�� z ���[�§~%U�O@J/\XM§WNL%OQp _ R��NO��p _ \gYZOQL1p)YbJ _ \rJ/\ L pN�%TVJ/\�~��)O R _ ~��)T¢���o]��N\ L-WaW@U�R�J/\XM�Y+]`L%Ye~%JnW ^ T¢LPp��)R��N\fY�J/\ L pNO _ WaW@l�W���pNYbJ _ \ J/\Y+]��opN�%TVJ/\�~��)OvR _ ~��)T�JnW3O��)WaYbO@J9pNY �a~-� WQ] _ O@Y �N\fJ/\XM _}c Y+]�� � | �NOaWKy�J/T/T�O��)W@U�TVY�L%Y Y+]��tL ^ J9paL[T#WaJ9~�� J/\rL^f_ W@J/YZJ/¨��xO _ YFL%YbJ _ \ _}c Y/]�� � ^ J9paL%OQ~[J9L%T!y�L[T/T�L[\�~ L�\ ��M¦L%YbJ/¨��xO _ YFL%YbJ _ \ _}c Y+]�� �N\�~ _ paL%OQ~[J9L%T�y�L[T/T�� ��]��O��NT�L%YbJ/¨�� ^f_ W@J/YZJ/¨���O _ YFL%YbJ _ \ _}c Y+]�� � ^ J9paL%O�~ªy�J/Y/] O��@W ^ ��pNY'Y _ Y/]�� �)\E~ _ paL%OQ~ªO��@W@U�TVYZWoJ/\ L ^`_ W@J/YZ¨��WQ]��aL%O _}c Y+]��Ky�L%T/T�� �`]��aL%OxJnWxJ/T/TVUXW@YbOQL%Y��a~{L%WxY/]���~[JnW ^ T�LPp��NR��N\fY _dc Y/]�� _ O@J�M[J/\EL%T#~ _ YbY���~tTVJ/\ � z���� �Y _ Y+]��{YbOQL%\fW c)_ O@R���~kW _ T�J9~kT�J/\ � z �Z�[� � _ OtY+]�� | L-WNL[T�W@J9~ ��Y/]�� _a^P^f_ W@J/Y���JnW _P| W��)O@¨��a~P�ªHKJ/O��ap)YbJ _ \_}c O _ YFL%YbJ _ \�JnW'~ � � \ �a~ ^f_ W@J/YbJ/¨��KJ/\kpNJ/OQp)U�R c �NO��)\gYZJ9L[T?~%J/O��apNYZJ _ \ �� ¤ L[\�~vJ/\E~%J9paL%Y��a~ y�J/Y+]�Y/]��'~PL%WQ]��a~L%O@O _ y#WN� �g�� £ � �� ¤ � �� ¥ ¡ ~�� � \ �)WxY/]��'T _ paL%T?qosip _�_ OQ~[J/\�L[Y �KW@�-W@Y �NR L%WxJ/T/TVUXW@YZOQL[Y �a~oJ/\ � MPU�O�� � � �* � > #.`&)* � * & "t& � " > $v. � � "{0 > (+( � { � .�$ � " � * � % . � � "�� = "%$N& > �_� � " =?> & > (7&)* � "t. � � "�, ' (+* � � "%$�, > �!&@"[&� � " .� ! #.`&)* � "�$). � > � *+. � > � � � � �!&x& � " > $ ����� " & � " > $N& � " & "[(+.� " �ª=(' * � ²?��" � ,-"3. � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" $N. �> #"-A � . =?> &@" � .� ! #.`&@"[& � � "o& � " > $N& � " & "[(/.� #" � =(' * � ²?��" � ,-"v. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (+" ��:� " � > % � * � � � "t. $). � > � */. � * � ,%*/$w,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � */$)"[, � *+. � . � � "{" � � .E, > $ � * > (�0 > (+(�0K* � � $N"[&@ #"[, �� . � � "�"% ?*+, > $ � * > ( 0 > (+( � � "% #" � � &'. � � � " � "[(+*/A > � % (/"{.�$w*/" � � > � *+. � � ; >4' "%$w&v0K* � � > � "[(9*nA > � % (/"�. Ä«º �0K*+(9(!(/" >N� � . � � "3( > $ % "[& � & � " > $ .�$N,-" �c�:� *9& .�$w,-"�0K*9(+( � "[,-$)" > &)" > & � � "_� = "%$�*+& � .�$)"3,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (+( '.�$�(/. � % * � � � * � > (+( ' .�$N*/" � � " � �H�:� "©& � " > $ .�$N,-" > � � � � " � *+& � > � ,-"C. � � "C(+* � "k. > , � *+. � � . � � "C(/. � %> A�*+&v. � � " � " > $ � � " � "%$ � * � " > � . � " � � � 0 � *+, � , > �!&@"[& � � "�$N. � > � */. � �ÆÇ " � .10 ,-. � &)* � "%$ � � " ( >4' "%$N&. � = "%$N&t0K* � � > � "[(9*nA > � % (/" = " � 02"%" � � ¬X­ � � � � ­ � > � � � ¬X­ � � � � ­ � �f�:� "[&@" > $)" � � "ª( >4' "%$w& � � > � > $N"$)"[&@ #. � &N* = (/" .�${( > $ % " & � " > $ .�$w,-"[& � � ' & > $ ' * � % � � " ,-.`��$N&@" . � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/"k* � &)(+.� " > � � .lË#&@" �� � "30K* � � � > � � � $ > � & � ��$ > (? #.`&)* � */. � . � � "[&@" ( >7' "%$N&�0K*+(+(!, � > � % " � &@"%" � % �!$)"_º �JINIl� � . � &@"4F���" � � ( ' � � � "& � " > $ .�$N,-" > � � � � " � *+& � > � ,-"�. � � "v(+* � "K. > , � */. � . � � " .�$N,-" $). � � � "v(+. � % > A�*+& > $)" > ( � "%$)" � ����� "$)"[&)�?( � * � % � �F� *+& � " � "%$ � * � " � =(' � � "�"4Fg�?*+(+* = $w*+� � = " � 0�"%" � � � " � . � " � � &v. � � " � 0�. ( >7' "%$N& > � � � � "$)" > , � */. � � . � " � � % " � "%$ > � " �r=j' � � " � " .�$ � > � */. � . � � "o > &)&N* & " � *+&)&)�!" �

� "[, > �!&@" & > $N* > � *+. � & * �t� ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � & � .`�!( � � . � $)"[&)�!( � * � � � "K(/.`&N& . & " � � $N*9,%�!( > $I ?� � � � , � */. � . � � "Æ;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( �£� " � . �}' � > � *+,%& > � � & > $N,-. � "%$N"�& � .�$ � " � * � % 02"%$N"�" & > (+� > � " � �� >X= (/"fº �JI � " � . � & � $ > � " � � � � > � & > $N* > � */. � � * � � . � (/" >N� � . ( > $ % " � " & * > � */. � &©* � & " � � $N*+,%�?( > $k ?� � � � , � */. � 0�* � � $)"[&@ #"[, �t� . � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � *+. � �sµ .�$ � � " > , � * & " & � $)"[&N& > � � & > $N,-. � "%$)"§& � .�$ � " � * � %� . � . % " � .`�!& � *+& � $w* = � � */. � &e02"%$)"�"-AE #"[, � " � � .C"-A�*+& � � ��$w* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � � :������ � � 4 * ¾),���" � " � > ( � �!&)" � � � *9&> &)&)� � � */. � > � � � " � "%$ � * � " � � � "�� = "%$'.�$w*/" � � > � *+. � =(' .� � * � * ¼ > � */. � .�$ > � . � . % " � .`�!&´� = "%$'& � $ > * �� *+& � $N* = � � *+. � � ��$N* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � ���:� " � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � �!&@" � * � � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � *+. � � 0 > & >N� .� � " � $). � 4 * ¾),���" � " � > ( ���:� " UCZ(^ &)* � �!( > � */. � ?$)" � *+, � " � � 0K* � � > ! � !N� ��� ��� !)�@� # . K " � > F��!* � " � . � . % " �� .`�!& � *9& � $N* = � � */. � . � � "�& � $ > * � & � �:� *+&3* � � *9, > � "[& � � > � � � "�.� � * � *+&@" �§> $)$ > � % " � " � � � " � "%$ � * � " �r=('4 * ¾@,���" � " � > ( � 0 > & > (+&). > ! ?(9*+, >X= (/" � . � � "3,%�!$)$)" � � ;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( ���:� " & > $N* > � */. � * �t� ' .N� = "%$.�$N*/" � � > � */. � * � � *+, > � " � � � > � > � .lË�&@" � * � � "[(+*nA > � % (+"o*+& > � * � #.�$ � > � � > $ > � " � "%$K* � � " � "%$ � * � * � % � � "º 9

Page 59: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��

� �� � # � � #−1 0 1

−90

−60

−30

0

30

60

90

helix

ang

le [d

eg]

refref+15ref−15

−1 00 1−90

−60

−30

0

30

60

90

helix

ang

le [d

eg]

refref*1.25ref*0.75

��������� �ED(' 'gG z La� � _ U�OaW%�)W _dc Y+]��x]��NTVJ�m©L%\¦MPT � L[Y Y+]�����'NUfL%Y _ O z ��� � �oy�J/Y/]CL{¨%L%O@J9L%YbJ _ \rJ/\ _ �W��)YF����]�� � MPU�O��J/T/TVUXW@YbOQL%Y��@W2Y/]fL%Y Lvp�]fL%\¦M��eJ/\ _ �W��NY�p�]fL%\XM��)W�Y+]���R LNMP\fJ/YbUf~ �xL-WIy��NT/T!L-W�Y+]��2YbOQL%\fW@R�U�OQL[T ^f_ W@J/YbJ _ \_}c Y+]��vT¢L%� �NOaW�y�J/Y+]ªLo]��NTVJ�m©L[\¦MPT � | �NYZy����N\�� �*� ��� ��� � � L%\�~�l �*� ��� l�� � � � y�]�J9p�] L[O��vO��)W ^`_ \`W@J | T �c)_ OKL T�L%OZM��'Wd]��aL%O c)_ O�p���� z}| � � _ U�OaW��@W _}c Y+]���]��NTVJ�m�L%\¦MPT �3L%Y7Y/]�� ��')UfL[Y _ O z ��� � �3J/T/T�UXWaYbOQL[YZJ/\XM Y+]��WNL%R���� ��apNY9W c)_ O3L ¨%L%O@J9L%YbJ _ \CJ/\ W@T _a^ � _dc Y/]��'YbOQL%\fW@R�U�OQL[T?p _ U�OaW�� _dc Y+]��2]��)T�J�m�L%\¦MPT ���� ' .N� = "%$K& � $)"[&)& � *+& � $N* = � � */. � �

� > &@" � . � � � "{.`� � ,-. � "�. � � " & > $N* > � */. � * � � ' .N� = "%$K.�$w*/" � � > � *+. � � > �!$N& � "[& � * � > � */. � 0 > & � >N� " .�$ > &)* � �!( > � */. � � � > � * � !$). & " �j> % $)"%" � " � � = " � 02"%" � !$)" � *+, � " � > � � � " > &)�!$)" �Ã� " .�$ � > � *+. � �n� �d� �� � > � 0 > & > (/$)" >N�}' !$)" � *+, � " � ,-.�$)$N"[, � ( 't=(' � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � $)" � > * � " � � " > $N( ' � � > Ë "[, � " � ��µ .�$ = . � �� .�$N&)*+. � > � � � �F� * � !$). & " � > % $)"%" � " � � $)"[&N�!( � " � 0K* � � � � " � " > &)�!$)" � " � � &K* � !$N" � *+, � * � % � " .�$ � > � *+. �� ��$w* � % � � " #" � > &@" � � � *9&�0K* � � $)"[&@ #"[, ��� . � � " UkZj^ &)* � �!( > � */. � � B .P0�" & "%$ �(� �F� & � *+(+( � " � . � & � $ > � " ��� * � "%$)" � ,-"[&20K* � � � � " � " > &)�!$)" � " � � & � ��$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" > � � "6¾@"[, � */. � ���:� " L 4 & � $ > * � & > $)"3$)" "%$)" � � .� � "³�!$w& � * � > % " $ > � " ��µ * % ��$)" ¬ � º�* � � *+, > � "[& � � > �:� � *+& $ > � " � . � > (/0 >4' &',-.�$)$)"[&@ #. � � & � . � � " = " % * ���� * � % . "6¾a"[, � */. � � = � � * � &@. � " , > &@"[& � > ( 0 >4' � � " #" � > &@" � � 0�"3$N" "%$ � � " & � $ > * � &� !$)" � *9, � " �©=(' � � "� . � "[( � . > � * � "o #.`* � � � > ( 0 >4' �" * � !$). & " �r> % $)"%" � " � � 0K*+(9( = " . = � > * � " � 0K* � � � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � & ��:� *9& = "[, > �?&@" � � "t, � > � % "t* � � �F� � ��$N* � % � � " #" � > &@" � .10 > $ � ( ' .E,%,%��$N& � ��$N* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � �� � , > � = " ,-. � ,%(9� � " � � � � > � > (9( � � $N"%" � * � "§,-.`�!$N&@"[&C02"%$N" > Ë#"[, � " �i=(' & > $N* > � */. � &C* �5� ' .N� = "%$.�$N*/" � � > � */. � �-� */$w,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (f& � $ > * � 0 > &� !$)" � . � * � > � � ( ' * � �!" � ,-" �t=('t> , � > � % "x* � � $ > � & & "%$N&)"> � % (/" � ¯ � * % � &@" � &N* � * & * � ' 0 > & � " � . � & � $ > � " � .�$ > � .lË�&@" � * � � $ > � & & "%$N&@"�� = "%$ > � % (/" � ¯ , � > � % "�. G � (/" � � . >Ã� .`� = (+* � % . � � " & � " > $ � �!$N* � % *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,C,-. � � $ > , � */. � � ¯ & > $w* > � */. � * � � � " &)(/.� #" . � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&@"n� = "%$ > � % (/" > Ë#"[, � " � � � " $ > � % "k* � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (�& � $ > * � = " � 02"%" � � � "k&)(+*9,-"[&� ��$w* � % *+&@. & .`(+� � *9, ,-. � � $ > , � *+. � ��� .�$N&N*/. � 0 > &� ?$)" � . � * � > � � ( ' * � ²���" � ,-" � =(' & > $N* > � */. � &�* � � "[(+*/A > � % (+" �� . � � & > $N* > � */. � & * � � � " .lË�&@" � > � � &)(/.� #" . � � "r,-.`��$N&)" . � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" � > ( � "%$)" � � � "r,-. �t� . �, � > � % "�. � .�$N&)*/. � .�$ > (+( &)(+*+,-"[& � ��$N* � % � � "�*+&@. & .`(9� � *+,{,-. � � $ > , � *+. � � > &@" � ¯ �A� * � */. � > ( ' � > &)(/.� #"t* �� � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" > (+&@.r* � ²?��" � ,-" � � � " ,-. �t� . � , � > � % "©. ,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( & � $ > * � � ��$N* � % *+&). & .`(+� � *+,,-. � � > , � */. � � � > &@" � . � � � " $)"[&)�?( � &v. � � "k&)* � �!( > � *+. � & � > � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � ,-.`�!( �j= " , � .`&@" � �> � 0 � *+, � * � ?$). & " �§> % $)"%" � " � � 0 > &3. = � > * � " �r= " � 0�"%" � � � " � " .�$ � > � */. �f� " > &)��$)" � * � � � "{ ?$)" & *+.`�!&, � > � "%$ > � � � . � "[( � ¯ ( � � .`� % � � � "�, � > � % "[& � . � $N"[&)�!( � " � * � ,-. � ?(+" � " > % $)"%" � " � � � "[&@ #"[,%* > (+( ' .�$ � � ",%*/$N,%� � "%$N" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (�& � $ > * � � � � "©&)* � �!( > � */. � � * � * � � *+, > � " � � > � � *+&),-$N"% > � ,%*/"[& , > � = "�$)" � �!,-" � =('& > $N* > � */. � &x* � � ' .N� = "%$ > $N$ > � % " � " � � 0K* � � * � $ > � % "[&x$N"% .�$ � " � * � (+* � "%$ > � ��$)" �

º �

Page 60: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� ��������� �

� ��� # � �&�&�+��� � # ��� #�� � ���+��� � � ��� # ��� � �!� �)$*�+��� �-,

�&%0/ ��� ,��-. ,;,���� %

�:� "�!$N& � > * � . � � "t !$)"[&)" � � & � � �}' 0 > & � .C* � & "[& � * % > � " � � "�, > >X= *+(+* � ' . � � "�,%��$)$)" � � (/" � & " � � $N*+,%(+"� ;>= # � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(7* � !$)" � *+, � * � % � � " � " .�$ � > � *+. � . > � " > ( � � ' � � � > � � " > $ �_� � $).`� % � .`� �´� � ", > $ � * > , , ' ,%(/" �� � , � > � "%$ G � � � " � � $)"%" � � * � " � &)*/. � > (�;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( � � "[&)* % � " �j=('�� "%$N,�� � .lË�&�" � > ( ��� :�0 > &o* � � $). � �!,-" � �°�:� " � . � "[( � "[&),-$N* = "[&� !$)"[&)&)�!$)" > � � & .`(+� � " � > � � � � "�0 > (9( � "[, � > � *9,%& * � � � "�(/" �& " � � $N*+,%(/" � �!$N* � % � � "',-. � ?(/" � "', > $ � * > ,e, ' ,%(+" ��µ .�$ � � " % "%. � " � $ ' . � � ":;>= > $). � > � */. � > (9( ' & ' �t� " � $w*+,� � *+,��g0 > (+(/" � "[(+(+*/ ?&).`* � *+& > &)&)� � " � ����� " � ' .N� = "%$�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � � "[&),-$N* = " �ª=('ª> � "[(+*nA > � % (/" � �� # > � �> � $ > � & & "%$w&@" > � % (/" � 6 # � 0 > & >N� .� � " � $). � 4 * ¾@,���" � " � > ( � � � 4 "% #.�$ � " � � " .�$ � > � *+. � &�. � " > $ � � � � > �� >N� = "%" � . = � > * � " � �!&N* � % ,%* ��"%$ >N� */. % $ > � *+,o* � > % * � % . $ >N� */.� > F���" � > $���"%$N& � 02"%$)"�,-. � > $N" � 0K* � �" > , � . � � "%$ > � � 0K* � � � " .�$ � > � */. � &� !$)" � *+, � " �k=j' � � "´;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( ��� " .�$ � > � */. � !$)" � *9, � " �=(' � � " � . � "[( � " � . � & � $ > � " � $)" > &@. � >X= (+" > % $)"%" � " � � 0�* � � � " .�$ � > � */. �y� " > &)��$N" � =j' µ > �V� " � > ( � �� . � &N*+& � " � , ' * � � * � "�,-.`��$N&)"[& . & � $ > * � & = " � 0�"%" � $)"% #.�$ � " � "-AE #"%$N* � " � � & �p� .102" & "%$ � 0 > & � .�.r(/.P0 � .$)"[(+* >X= ( 'k> &)&)"[&K* � " .�$ � > � */. � 0 > &K,-.�$)$N"[, � ( ' ?$)" � *+, � " � =(' � � " � . � "[( �� � , � > � "%$ ¬ � 02" � " > &)��$)" � * � .`��$ � " > ( � � ' &)� = ¾a"[, � & � � " � " .�$ � > � */. � * � � & "{,-$).`&N& � &@"[, � */. � &�. � � " � " > $ � �!&)* � % � � " � . � * � & > &)* & " � "[, � � *JFg�!"�. L 4 � *+&)&)��" � > %N% * � % � L " > &)��$)" � " � � &o0�"%$)" > ,DF��!*/$N" � $). � >X= .`� � � > ( 0 >4' � � "©*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,�,-. � � $ > , � *+. � � > &@" � *+(9( � � " � * > & � .`(+*+,� � > &@"³¾)�!& � = " .�$)" > � $N* > (& ' & � .`(/" � µ $). � � � " � " .�$ � > � */. � > � � "%$ � &{* � � � "[&@"ª,-$).`&)& � &@"[, � *+. � & � � * � 0 > (+(I,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (I& � $ > * �� �d� � ,%*/$w,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (7& � $ > * � � �}� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � 02"%$N"�. = � > * � " � � � �}� * � ,-$)" > &)" � 0�* � � �?(9(+* � % > � �� "[,-$)" > &)" � 0K* � � "6¾a"[, � */. � �M� ��$N* � % � � "t�!$w& � > $ � . � � "k"6¾a"[, � */. � � > &)" � � � "k& > � " � "[,-$N" > &@"©* � � �F�0 > & .`� � � * � > (+(#&)(+*+,-"[& ���:� "%$)" > � "%$ � >�� * & "%$ % " � ,-"o* � � �F� = " � 0�"%" � � � "o&N(+*+,-"[&�.�,%,%�!$)" � ��� . � & "%$ % " � ,-"= " � 0�"%" � &)(+*+,-"[&�* � � �F� .E,%,%��$)" �½� �!$N* � % � � "v*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,K$)"[( > A > � */. � > � � �!$N& � > $ � . � � "_�?(+(9* � % � > &)" �� � � � "3$)" � > * � * � % > $ � . �?(9(+* � % > � � *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,',-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" � �F� 0 > &e& � > (+( ��� .�$N&)*+. � � " � . �}�& � $ > � " �ª>� "[,-$)" > &@" � ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � *+. � > � � * � ,-$)" > &@" � ��$N* � % � � "v*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,x$)"[( > A > � */. � > � � �!$w& � > $ � . � � "Æ�?(+(9* � % � > &@" � ¯ & .�$ � � " � �F� � , � > � % "[&t* � � .�$w&)*/. � 0�"%$)"�& � > (+(�* � � � "�$)" � > * � * � % > $ � . �?(9(+* � %> � � *9&@. & .`(+� � *+,v,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" �� � , � > � "%$_Ä � � " > &)�!$)" � � �}� �*� �F� > � � � .�$w&)*/. � 0�"%$)"�,-. � > $)" � 0K* � � ;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( !$N" �� *+, � *+. � & .�$ � � "[&)" � " .�$ � > � */. � ,-. � #. � " � � & � { * � ,-"3& � $ > * � &� !$)" � *9, � " �ª=j' � � " � . � "[( > $N"o,-. � &)* � "%$N" �� .�$)"{$)" > (+*+& � *+, * � � � "{"4Fg� > � .�$N* > ( $N" % */. � � � > � * � � � " =?> & > ( > � �r> �*+, > ( $)" % *+. � � ,-. � > $N*+&@. � = " � 02"%" �,-. � ?� � " � > � � � " > &)��$N" � & � $ > * � &30�"%$)"�(+* � * � " � � . � � " � � $)"%"�&)(+*+,-"[& * � � � "�"4F�� > � .�$N* > (�$N" % */. � �� ��$ �* � % � � "{*9&@. & .`(+� � *+,t,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" � � " > &)��$)" �§> � � !$)" � *9, � " � � * � "�,-.`��$N&)"[& .�$ � �F� > � � � .�$N&)*+. �� " � . � & � $ > � " ��� *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[& �¶� ��$N* � % � � *+& "%$w*/. � � � � " � " > &)��$)" � " � � & � " � . � & � $ > � " � > ( � .`& � � . , � > � % "* � � �}� > � � � .�$w&)*/. � � 0 � "%$)" > & � � " � . � "[(# !$)" � *+, � " � ( > $ % "o, � > � % "[&K* � � � "[&@"o,-. � #. � " � � & �c� .�"-A� ?( > * �� � "�&@.`��$N,-"{. � � *+& � *+&),-$N"% > � , ' � � "[, � > � *+, > (�"4F��!*+(9* = $N*+� � 0 > &v,-. � &)* � "%$N" � � � � � � " � . � "[( > � � � ' & �

� ­

Page 61: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�[���3HKJnW)pNUXWaW@J _ \��*/.`(/. % *9, > (+( ' � � " .�$ � > � *+. � *+&�&)�!, � � � > ��� � " .�$w,-"[& > � � � . � " � � &�* � � � "ª > &N&)* & " � *+&)&)�!" � > � $N*nA > $N"* � "4Fg�!*9(+* = $N*9� � 0K* � � .�$N,-"[& > � � � . � " � � &�"-A�"%$ � " � * � � � " > , � * & " � �!&N,%(/"±� = "%$w& ���:� "C( > $ % " � " .�$ �� > � */. � .`� � � * � � � " � . � "[( � �!$N* � % � � " �" � > &@" � $)"D²?"[, � & � � > � ( > $ % " .�$N,-"[& * � � � "� > &N&)* & " � > � $N*nA> $)"r* � & .`( & " � * � � � "r"4Fg�!*9(+* = $N*9� � � ¯ ! > $)" � � ( ' � * � � � " � " > &)�!$)" � � " > $ � &k"4Fg�?*+(+* = $w*+� � *+&�. = � > * � " �0K* � � .`� � &)* % � *��?, > � � ( ' * � & .`( & * � % � � "� > &N&)* & " � > � $N*nA ��� ��$N* � % � � "3"6¾a"[, � */. � � > &@" � !$)" � *9, � " � � �}� > � �� .�$N&)*+. � 02"%$N"K* � % .�. � > % $N"%" � " � � 0K* � � � � " � " > &)��$)" � " � � & ��� ��$N* � % � � "x"6¾a"[, � *+. � � > &)"x !$)" � *+, � " � � �F�� " � . � & � $ > � " ��> � * � ,-$N" > &@" .`(+(+.P0�" ��=j'�>³� * & "%$ % " � ,-" = " � 0�"%" � � � "'&N(+*+,-"[& � 0 � "%$N" > & � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � &� " � . � & � $ > � " ��>´� "[,-$)" > &@"x* � � �F� .`(+(/.102" �{=('°� * & "%$ % " � ,-" ��� ��$w* � % �?(9(+* � % � .�( > $ % "e, � > � % "[& * � � �F� > � �� .�$N&)*+. � 02"%$N" � " � . � & � > � " � =(' � � "x"-A� #"%$N* � " � � & > � � � . � "[( ���:� "[&@"'& � > (+(�, � > � % "[&2, > � = "x"-AE ?( > * � " � �> &)&)� � * � % � � > � , � > � % "[& * � � .�$N&N*/. � > � � � �F� > $)"�, > �!&@" �§=(' > � *9&@. � $).� ?*+, � > � "%$N* > ( = " � > & */.`��$ � ��$w* � %� � " > , � * & " & � > � " . � � " (/" � & " � � $N*+,%(+" �y� ��$N* � % �?(+(9* � % � ' .�, > $ � * > ( � *+&)&N��"C*9&{ > &)&)* & " > � � & *+$ � � > (+( '*+&@. � $N.� ?*+, > � � =?> &)" � . � � � " >X= . & " > &)&)� � � */. �½� .k( > $ % "o, � > � % "[&�* � � �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � > $)"o"-AE "[, � " � �Ç " � ' #. � � "[&N* ¼ " � � > � � *9&),-$)"% > � ,%*+"[& = " � 0�"%" � � " .�$ � > � */. � &x !$)" � *9, � " � =j' � . � "[( > � � � " > &)��$N" �,-.`�!( � = " & � $). � % ( ' $)" � �!,-" ��=j' >N� ¾@�!& � * � % � � "§, � .`*9,-" . � ' .N� = "%$C.�$N*/" � � > � */. � 0�* � � * � � � "§$ > � % "[&$)"% #.�$ � " � * � (+* � "%$ > � ��$N" ���:� " &@"[,-. � � > * � . � � *+&x& � � �A' 0 > & � . � "[& �:� � *+& � ' #. � � "[&N*+& �� � , � > � "%$»ºv0�"�* � & "[& � * % > � " � � � "K&)" � &)* � * & * � ' . , � > � % "[&2* � � �}� �(� �F� > � � � .�$N&)*/. � . � & > $N* > � */. � * �� ' .N� = "%$x.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � ¯ (+( � � $)"%" � * � "v,-.`�!$N&@"[&x0�"%$)" > Ë#"[, � " � =(' & > $N* > � */. � &�* � � ' .N� = "%$x.�$N*+" � � > � */. � �� � > � 0�"%$)" #"%$ .�$ � " � 0�* � � * � $ > � % "[&k$)"% #.�$ � " � * � (9* � "%$ > � ��$)" � � �F� 0 > &k !$)" � . � * � > � � ( ' * � ²?�!" � ,-" �=(' & > $N* > � */. � &3* � � $ > � & & "%$N&@" > � % (/" � = > $w* > � */. � * � � � "�.lË#&)" � . � � " � $ > � & & "%$w&@" > � % (/"�* � ²?�!" � ,-" � � � ",-. �t� . � , � > � % " * � � �F� .�$ > (+(e&)(+*+,-"[& � �!$N* � % � � " *+&@. & .`(+� � *9,C,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" ) > � .lË�&@" � . G �(/" � � . >±� .`� = (+* � % . � � " � �F� � ¯ & > $N* > � */. � * � � � "�&)(/.� #"o. � � " � $ > � & & "%$N&)"� = "%$ > � % (/" > Ë "[, � " � � � "$ > � % " = " � 02"%" � � � " &)(+*+,-"[& � ��$N* � % *+&@. & .`(+� � *+,�,-. � � $ > , � */. � �±� .�$N&N*/. � 0 > &o !$)" � . � * � > � � ( ' * � ²?�!" � ,-" �=(' & > $N* > � *+. � &o* � � "[(+*nA > � % (/" � � . � � & > $w* > � */. � &o* � � � " .lË�&@" � > � � &)(/.� #"�. � � "©,-.`��$N&@" . � � " � "[(+*nA> � % (/" � > ( � "%$)" � � � " ,-. �t� . � , � > � % "§. � .�$N&)*/. � .�$ > (+(3&)(+*9,-"[& � �!$N* � % � � "§*+&). & .`(+� � *+,r,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &)" � ¯ �V� * � */. � > ( ' � > &)(/.� #"o* � � � " � "[(+*nA > � % (/" > (+&@. * � ²?��" � ,-" � � � "t,-. �t� . � , � > � % "t. � �}� � ��$w* � %*+&@. & .`(+� � *9,3,-. � � > , � */. � �

� > &@" � . � � � "e.`� � ,-. � "'. � � "x* � ²?�!" � ,-"[& . & > $N* > � */. � &�* �Æ� ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � . � � " .�$ � > � *+. �* � , � > � "%$:º � � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � 0 > & >N� ¾@�?& � " � &N�!, � � � > � , � > � % "[&x* � � � "v,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (& � $ > * � > � � � .�$N&)*+. � � "[,-$)" > &@" �� ��$N* � % � � "�*+&@. & .`(+� � *+, ,-. � � $ > , � */. � �¶�:� "I&)* � �!( > � */. � � 0K* � � � � " >N� ¾@�!& � " �� ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � � $)"[&)�?( � " � * � * � !$). & " �k> % $)"%" � " � � 0K* � � � � " � " > &)��$N" � " � � & � ¯ ( � � .`� % �¬� � � "%$N"0�"%$)" & � *+(+( � *�Ë "%$)" � ,-"[&v. = &@"%$ & " � * � � � " � * � "�,-.`��$N&@"[& � � > * � ( ' * � � � " � �}� � � � " &)* � �!( > � */. � * � � *9, > � " �� � > � � *�Ë#"%$)" � ,-"[&3* ��� " > &)�!$)" �r> � � !$)" � *+, � " ��� " .�$ � > � */. � , > � = "{&@.`( & " � =j' � * � .�$ >N� ¾)�!& � � " � � &K* �� ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � ��:� " � > � � " � > � *+, > ( � . � "[(� !$)"[&)" � � " � * � � � *9&K& � � �A' � *+& � . ��� � "{. � ( ' � . � "[( � .©&N* � �?( > � "t, > $ � * > ,� " .�$ � > � */. � � ¯ (+&). . � � "%$ � > � � " � > � *9, > ( � . � "[(+&K. � � " � " > $ � !$N"[&@" � � " � * � (9* � "%$ > � ��$)" � ? �!,%,%*/. � " � : �� & ' � � ��� · > & � � : # 0�"%$)"t* � & "[& � * % > � " � . � !$)" � *+, � * � % & � $ > * � ,-. � #. � " � � & � � $).`� % � .`� � � . � " � � &K* � � � ", > $ � * > ,C, ' ,%(/" � · . � " . � � " � . � "[(+& .`� � � * � (9* � "%$ > � ��$)"C !$)"[&)" � � " � !$N" � *+, � */. � &{. & � $ > * � & � ��$w* � %� � "�,-. � ?(/" � "�, > $ � * > ,o, ' ,%(/" � ? �?,%,%*/. � "t" � > ( � .`� � � ( > $ % " � *+&),-$)"% > � ,%*/"[&'* � & � " > $ � " .�$ � > � */. � � B "> � � $N* = � � " � � � " � � . � " % (/"[, � * � % � � "e > &)&)* & " � *+&N&)��" � . = "2.�$ � � . � $).� ?*+, � ;�*J��"�.`�!$�;>= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( �? �!,%,%*+. � "o,-. � &)* � "%$)" � � � "o > &N&)* & " � ' .�, > $ � * > ( � *+&)&N��" � . = " � $ > � & & "%$N&)"[( ' *+&). � $).� ?*+, > � � > , � * & " � *+&)&N��"� � * > AE* > (9( ' � � � � � " � . � "[(x. ? �!,%,%*/. � " � ' .N� = "%$k.�$N*/" � � > � */. � 0 > & � "[&),-$N* = " � =(' � "[(+*nA > � % (/"[& . � ( ' �; " ? $N*+,-" " � > ( �f� I4�N� º # : � � " � . � & � $ > � " � � � > � > &)&)* & " � ' .E, > $ � * > ( � *9&)&)��" *+&o.�$ � � . � $).� ?*9, � ��" � . � � "& � "%" � & � $N�?, � ��$)" � � > &@" � . � � � "[&@"v. = &@"%$ & > � */. � & � & ' � " � > ( ��� � G ­�­�­ # ��� � "D� � " �©> .�$ � � . � $N.� ?*+, � . � "[(�. > &)&N* & " � ' .E, > $ � *+� � � � & ' �©" � > ( � � >N� " > � . � "[(#& � � �A' ,-. � > $N* � % > � $ > � & "%$w&@"[( ' *+&@. � $).� ?*9, > � � > �.�$ � � . � $N.� ?*+, � . � "[(�. > &N&)* & " � ' .�, > $ � *+� � � *+&N&)��"'* � ?$)" � *+, � * � % � � $)"%" � � * � " � &)*/. � > (�" � � � & ' � .`(+*9,»� = "%$& � $ > * � & � " > &)�!$)" �j=(' � > � >4'`> � > " � > ( �<� G ­�­ I # � � � B " � " � . � & � $ > � " � � � > � � " .�$ � > � */. � � !$)" � *9, � " ��!&)* � % > .�$ � � . � $).� ?*+, � > � "%$N* > ( � . � "[( � � *�Ë "%$N" � &)(+* % � � ( ' $). � � � > � � ?$)" � *+, � " � �!&)* � % > � $ > � & & "%$w&@"[( '*+&@. � $N.� ?*+, � . � "[( �»µ $N. � � � *9&'0�"�, > � > &)&)� � " � � � > � .�$3 !$)" � *9, � * � % � ' &N*/.`(/. % *+, > ( � " .�$ � > � */. � . � � "� . � "[( � � "�* � ²?��" � ,-"�. * � ,-.�$) #.�$ > � * � % .�$ � � . � $N.� ?*+,x > &N&)* & " � > � "%$N* > ( = " � > & */.`��$�*9& . (/"[&)&I* � .�$ � > � ,-"� � > � > $)" > (+*+& � *9, � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � �

� I

Page 62: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�[��� � _ \Ep)TVUXW@J _ \�&%(' � � �-/ . ,����

�:� "�;«= � "[, � > � *9,%& � . � "[( � > & � " & "[(/.� #" � =(' � "%$N,�� � .lË�& 0K* � � > � ' .N� = "%$ > $N$ > � % " � " � � >N� .� � " � $). � 4 * ¾),���" � " � > ( ��� !$)" � *+, � " � � * � " ,-.`��$N&)"[&x. ,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (�& � $ > * � * � > % $N"%" � " � � 0K* � � � � " � " > �&)��$N" � " � � & � � $)" � *+, � */. � & .�$3,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > (#& � $ > * � > � � � .�$N&N*/. � � *�Ë "%$)" � & � $). � % ( ' $). � � " > �&)��$N" � " � � & � ��$N* � % � � "o*+&). & .`(+� � *+,�,-. � � $ > , � */. � � > &@" � , � > � "%$:Ä # ��� * � " ,-.`��$N&)"[&x. ,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (& � $ > * � � ,%*/$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > ( � $ >N� * > ( & � $ > * � > � � � .�$w&)*/. � 0�"%$)" .`� � � � . = " � * % � ( ' &)" � &)* � * & " � . & > $N* > � */. � &* �¨� ' .N� = "%$�.�$N*/" � � > � */. � � , � > � "%$Mº # � � > &)" � . � � � " .`� � ,-. � " . � � "[&@" & > $N* > � *+. � & > � "[& � * � > � */. �. > � ' .N� = "%$ > $)$ > � % " � " � � 0 > & � >N� " � 0 � *+, � $N"[&)�!( � " � * � * � ?$). & " � > % $)"%" � " � � 0K* � � � � " � * � 0 > (+(� " .�$ � > � */. � � " > &)��$)" � * � � � "�"4F�� > � .�$N* > (�$)" % */. � . � � " � " > $ �³� � $N.`� % � .`� � > , > $ � * > ,�, ' ,%(/" �Æ�:� "[&)"� � � * � % & ,-. � �?$ � � � " � ' #. � � "[&)*+& � � > � � *+&),-$)"% > � ,%*/"[& = " � 0�"%" � � " .�$ � > � */. � &k !$)" � *9, � " � =(' � . � "[(> � � � " > &)��$N" � , > � = "k& � $). � % ( ' $)" � �!,-" � =j'j>N� ¾)�!& � * � % � � "C, � .`*+,-"C. � ' .N� = "%$t.�$N*+" � � > � */. � 0K* � � * �� � "o$ > � % "[&x$)"% #.�$ � " � * � (+* � "%$ > � ��$N" ��&%2$ )+* � � � � *�87 2 1�� � ,%

� �:� "�,%��$)$N" � � � . � "[(�*+&3. � ( ' , > >X= (/"�. !$N" � *+, � * � % � " .�$ � > � */. � &3* � � � "�"4F�� > � .�$N* > (�$)" % */. � . � � "� " > $ � � � � ?$). & * � % � � " % "%. � " � $ ' . � � "�;>= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[( > � =�> &@" > � � > #"-A > � � ,-$)" > � * � % � .�$N"$)" > (+*9& � *+, = .`� � �!> $ ' ,-. � � * � */. � & � & � .`�!( � * � !$). & " � � "o !$)" � *+, � " � & � $ > * � &x* � � � "[&@"o$N" % */. � & �� µ �!$ � � "%$ � .�$N" � � "j,-. � > $N*9&@. � , > � = " "-A � " � � " � =(' . = � > * � * � % >N�A� * � */. � > ( & � $ > * � ,-. � #. � " � � & �B "%$)" .�$N" � L 4 � " > &)��$)" � " � � & > � �r> � > ( ' &N*+& � �!& � = "o"-A � " � � " � � .k !$N. & * � " > � � $)"%" � � * � " � &)*/. � > ( � " �&),-$N*+ � */. � . , > $ � * > , � *+&N&)��" � . � */. � � � �� ¯ (9* � * � > � */. � . � � "�,%�!$)$)" � � ;«= � "[, � > � *+,%& � . � "[(�*+& � � "�$N. � > � */. � & ' �t� " � $ '§> � � � � * .�$ � � = "%$& � $N�?, � ��$)" > $).`� � � � � "ª0 > (+( � �:� �?& ��� " � "%$). % " � "[* � ' . � " .�$ � > � *+. � > � � & � $ > * � &�* � ,%*+$N,%� � "%$)" � � * > (� */$N"[, � */. � , > �±� . � = "x !$)" � *+, � " � * � � � " � . � "[( ��µ .�$ > � > ,%,%��$ > � "� !$)" � *9, � */. � . � � "K(/.E, > ( � " .�$ � > � */. � �� � " � . � "[( � �!& � = " "-A � " � � " � � . > � .�$)"o$N" > (+*+& � *+, % "%. � " � $ ' �

� G

Page 63: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

� � � �+�����*��� � �

( I - ¯ $ � & �³��� = "%" � & � $ > � � �_��� > � � 4 " � " � > � 4 � { � > ?*+, > $ � * > ( � " .�$ � > � */. � > � � (+" � & " � � $w*+,%�!( > $�0 > (9(� "[, � > � *9,%& � ��$N* � % "6¾@"[, � */. � * � � � " � . % ��� Å����� + 2 � < vHu � � G Ä ¬ ) ¬ Kl� � ¬ � ­ �cI4�N9 G �( G - ¯ AE"[(>; � L $7* � > % * � % . � . � */. � 0K* � � &@ > � * > ( � . � �!( > � */. � . � > % � " � * ¼ > � */. � �� i,t vHu#v6o �l�VI7K(I ) 9 Ä I �9 Ä«º �¶I4�N9N�(�( ¬ - � " '`> $ 4 ��� � * � µ~� �_� � ����B > �!& � � "[, � � L ���iÇ "[*+& "[( � � L � ; ��� > � � �o> &)& ��� ¯ �� "% #" � � " � ,-"�. (/" �& " � � $N*+,%�?( > $ � 0K*+& � � $ >N� * > (#& � .�$ � " � * � % $)"[( > � */. � &2. � , > $ � * > ,v, ' ,%(+" � > &@" ��� Å����� + 2 � < Bv�u � m��À6iHnLl� {n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G º K ) ININI4� � INI G � ��I4�N9N�(�( Ä - � . % > "%$ � �}� > � � 4 >N� " � > ��"%$N& µ~� > � 4 " % *+. � > ( � . � � � * .�$ � * � ' . � .�$ � > ( > ( � �!( � � � � > � (/" �& " � � $N*+,%(+" ��� Å����� + 2 � < vHu � m���À9iHn^l � �n " � + 2 � < vHu � pk� G 9 ­ ) � I ­ � � G ­ � G ­�­ Il�( º - � . & " � � "%"%$ � � � B°� L ��� ¯ $ � & �³� & > � � > � #" � ��� B°��� > � � 4 " � " � > � 4 � { �£� "% " � � " � ,-"x. (/.E, > (!(/" �& " � � $N*+,%�?( > $�0 > (+( � "[, � > � *+,%&�. �Æ� ' .�, > $ � * > (�� = "%$ .�$N*/" � � > � */. � )�> � . � "[(E& � � �}' � ���� Bv Å À�" 2 i�j #" < �G º ) INI G � � INI Ä ­ ��I4�N� G �( � - � . & " � � "%"%$ � � � B� L ����B � ' % � " �}� L ��� ¯ $ � & ����� & > � � > � #" � ��� B°��� > � � 4 " � " � > � 4 � { � � � ²?�!" � ,-". " � � .�, > $ � * > ( � "% ?*9, > $ � * > (I,-$N.`&)&@. & "%$�. � �!&),%(+"n� = "%$N&t. � (/" � & " � � $N*9,%�!( > $t0 > (+( � "[, � > � *+,%& � ��

� v Å À" 2 iHj �" <�� � G K ) � Ä I � � º Il��I4�N� Ä �( K -�� .`� % ( > & ¯ � { ��� 4 . � $N* % �!" ¼ > � � ����!�� � "[(+( Ǧ��� > � � B � � � "%$ Çr� �_� � � *JF���"{& � $ > * � � *+& � .�$ ' � ��$w* � %

"6¾@"[, � */. � * � , > � * � "r(/" � & " � � $N*+,%(/" ��� Å������ + 2 � < BvHu � m��À6iHn^l � {n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G � ­ ) I º � � � I � INIl�I4�N��Il�( 9 -�µ > �A� �A� � ��� { > $)$N*+& ?�� > ��� � � % (/"[& ·� �_���[· *+, ¼ ' #.�$N�A� L � ¯ ����� � � � � ; ���V� > � % � � "%$N& ��� ?�� �³���[� "%$ =('?Æ� �_��� > � � L *+(+(/"%$ ��� �_� 4 " % */. � > (e"% ?*9, > $ � * > ( > � � " � � .E, > $ � * > ( � 02. � � * � " � &)*/. � > (�� � * � " � " .�$ �� > � */. � & * � , > � * � " (/" � & " � � $N*+,%(/" ��� Å����� + 2 � < vHu � m���À9iHn^l � �n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G � I ) I Ä ­ G � I Ä I ­ �I4�N��Il�

( � -�µ � � % �Æ� �_� � Bv�t �Hj=i Å #" < � � �n "�!ru i�l# Bv�jA� { ?$N* � % "%$ �£I4�N9 Ä �( I ­ -0? "%"%$ � & � ! &)&)" & .g.�$ � ; � � iHn�t i " Å �,v#"~¿ÁÀ^nQn�À9vHn� "À^j�lsi�l# vHj � � Å À�" 2 i�j < Å%$ vHn i�t,i'&�lsi�l# vHj�( � �A�� � "[&)*+& � > * � � � . & " � �}� "[, � � *+, > ( � � * & "%$N&)* � ' � G ­�­ G �( INI -0? "%"%$ � & � ! &)&)" & .g.�$ � ; ��� � . & " � � "%"%$ � � ���>· *+,-.`( >7' � ��� > � � ¯ $ � & �³�C�¹� > $ > , � "%$N* ¼ > � */. � . � � " � .�$ � > (, > $ � * > , � ' .N� = "%$��?"[( � * � % . > � � " > &N��$)" � 0�* � � � $ � � *�Ë#�?&)*/. � � " � &@.�$v* � > % * � % �)� Å��*�� + 2 � < vHu �

m��À6iHn^l � {n " � + 2 � < Bv�u � pC� G 9 ¬ ) I ¬ � � I Ä«º � G ­�­ G �( I G -0? �!,%,%*/. � " �}� L ���#� .`& � > � � ���� > � � L , � �?(+(/.E, � ¯ � ���¸µ * � * � " "[(/" � " � � & � $)"[&)& > � > ( ' &)*+&k. (/" �& " � � $N*+,%�?( > $ � "[, � > � *+,%&K* � � � " = " > � * � % � . % � " > $ � � ���+� v Å À" 2 iHj �" < �TI ­ ) INI � K � INI7KNKj�cI4�N� º �( I ¬ -0? �!,%,%*/. � " �A� L ��� !�� � "[(+( Ǧ� ?Æ���T� .`� % ( > & ¯ � { ��� > � � B � � � "%$ Çr� �_� � . � > $N*+&@. � = " � 0�"%" � � � $N" �� * � " � &)*+. � > ( & � $ > * � * � � � " > � � "%$N*/.�$ > � � #.`& � "%$N*/.�$30 > (9(+& � ��$N* � % (/" � & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $�"6¾@"[, � */. � �,�2t.-/ iHj " À < {j � v7À^jYo �j£À�À^n� {jYoN� GNG ) Ä � º � Ä � 9(��I4�N� G �

� ¬

Page 64: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

�IJ | TVJ _ MPOQL ^ ]X�( I Ä -0? �!,%,%*/. � " �}� L ���-! � � "[(9( Çr� ?���� L , � �!(+(/.E, � ¯ � ����� > � � B � � � "%$ Ǧ� �_� ¯ � � "%$N*/.�$ > � � #.`& � "%$N*+.�$(+" � & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $K& > $N,-. � "%$N"{(/" � % � � & = " � > & "t&N* � *+( > $w( 't� ��$N* � % "6¾a"[, � */. � ��� Å������ + 2 � < vHu � m��À6iHnLl� {n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G K G ) Ä � � � Ä KNKj�cI4�N�>Kj�( I º -0? � ' � . � ¯ � �_� > � � B > (9( �}� > � � À�3,lu¿6v)v ) v $�� À6t #" iHu + 2 � < vHu#v6o �l�£Ç¦� �_� { > � � � "%$N& � . � > � ' � � * � � �

" � * � */. � �¬I4�N� � �( I � - � "%$N,�� � . & 4 � �_� � ��� � . & " � � "%"%$ � � � B°� L ��� � . � � " �}� � � { ��� � $N* � ¼ " � µ~� Çr��� { � * � & � � > � � ¯ $ � & ���

B . � . % " � "[* � ' . , > $ � * > ,k,-. � � $ > , � */. � � "[&) ?* � " � ' &)*/.`(/. % *+, > ( > & ' � , � $). � ' . � "% #.`( > $N* ¼ > � */. � )�>� . � "[(�& � � �}' � �:j j �+� v Å À9t ��� j�o � � ¬ I ) º ¬ � � ºkÄ Kj� G ­�­`¬ �( I7K - ;�" ? $N*+,-" � � �A��� { � > *+(+( �´� B��� �¹� > *�; � < ��� > � % > $ { � ?Æ���-? > & * � �A� �_��� > � � B � � � "%$ � � � �A� ; > � * � > $& � $N�!, � ��$)"v. � � " � " > $ � ) & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $ � ' .E, ' � " > $N$ > � % " � " � � > � � ,-. �A� "[, � * & " � *+&)&)��" > $N, � * � "[, � ��$)"* � � � " � . % ��� Å������ + 2 � < Bv�u � m��À6iHn^l � {n " � + 2 � < Bv�u � pC� G � � ) º K(I � º 9 G ��I4�N� º �( I49 - L , � �!(9(/.�, � ¯ � ����� { � > *+(9( �_� B��� > � � B � � � "%$ � � �}� ;�" � & " � � $N*9,%�!( > $ "% ?*+, > $ � * > ( � " .�$ � > � */. � * �*9&@.`( > � " � > $)$N"[& � " ��� . % � " > $ � ��� Å������ + 2 � < vHu � � G I ) G ¬�¬ � G Ä Il��I4�N9>Kj�( I4� - L , � �!(9(/.�, � ¯ � ���� { � > *9(+( �_� B°��� > � � B � � � "%$ � � �}� 4 " % */. � > (�(/" � & " � � $N*+,%�!( > $t"% ?*+, > $ � * > ( � " .�$ �� > � */. � * � � � "t > &)&)* & " � . % � " > $ � � � {n " � :À < � � � Ä ) K G I � K ¬�¬ ��I4�N9N�(�( G ­ - L .�.�$)" �_� �_��� ;�� % . � ! (+* & */"%$N* �_� B°��� L , = "[* % � > � 4 ��� > � � < "%$ � .`� � * > � ¯ � �:� $N"%" � � * � " � &N*/. � > (& ' & � .`(9*+,'& � $ > * � > � � "%$ � &�* � � � " � .�$ � > ( � � � > � (+" � & " � � $N*9,%(/" ) , � > $ > , � "%$w* ¼ > � */. � 0K* � � � > %N% " � � $* � > % * � % � &i�t Bv�u#v9o �l� G I Ä ) Ä«º ¬ � Ä � � � G ­�­�­ �( G I -�· > & � L � � À�" 2 iHj #" < iHj=t Å i�luÀ^n� Bi�u�&=n8v &}À^n^l# À < v $ l 2 À 2 À9iHn^l ! < {jYo i�j iHj=i,lsv Å #" iHu�u � i "�"�!rn�i�luÀÅ i�l 2 À Å i�l# �"6iHu Å v)t«À^u � � �A� � � "[&)*9& � ¯ �?,��E( > � � � � � * & "%$N&)* � ' . �iI4�N�N9(�( GNG - 4 * ¾),���" � �}����&�l# Å ��)i,l# BvHjOv $ uJÀ $ l / À'j�lBn �"�!ru iHn Å ! < "'uJÀ�"~¿�À'n:vHn� "À^j�lsi�l# vHj � � �A� � � "[&)*+& � > * � � � . & " � �� "[, � � *+, > ( � � * & "%$N&N* � ' �pI4�N�>Kj�( G ¬ - 4 ' �{ ��� � > ( � "[& �_��� > � � � .�"[&)* % "%$ � �-B * % � &@ #"%" � ¬ � ,%&@ > �n� � � � + n�v " �� j�lBu �� v " ��� i)o � �À < v�j �

� À9t � � > % " � º Kj� G ­�­ Ä �( G Ä - { � $)"%" � "%$ ��� ��� ? $).`&)& � .�$) � .`(/. % '§> � � � = "%$ % "%. � " � $ ' . � � " � " > $ � � � � � "%$ � " 4 � L ��� " � * � .�$ �� iHj=tj¿9v)v ) v $ & 2 � < Bv�u#v9o � - � 2 À " iHn�t Bv / i < "�!ru#i�n < � < luÀ Å�� � , � > � "%$�Ä � > % "[& � I � INI G � ¯ � � � � ' &)*+.`( �{ .�, ���iI4�>Kl�(�( G º - { � � = "%$ L ��� { , � "[* � " %N% "%$ L � �´���*µ *+&), � "%$ { � > ���[· > % "[( > ��� { � "[* � " � > �A� µ~���;B "[&)& !�� L ��� > � � � .g" �&N* % "%$ � � ¯ ( � "%$ > � */. � & * � � � "�(/.E, > ( � ' .�, > $ � * > ( � . � *+. � > � � "%$ � * � > � */" � � &�&)�}Ë "%$N* � % $). � !$)"[&)&)�!$)". & "%$N(/. >N� � ��" � . > .�$ � *9,o& � " � .`&)*9& � � �n " � �iI ­�­ ) ¬ � I � ¬ � 9(��I4�N�N�(�( G � -�� > � >4'`> � > �Æ����� .`& � > � � ����� > � � � . & "[(+( �}� Çr� � . � � $w* = � � */. � . ( > � * � > $ � ' .N� = "%$ > $N, � * � "[, � ��$)"� .§(/. >N� � � "% #" � � " � � , � > � % "[&�* �H� "[, � > � *+,%&t. ( & � ' .E, > $ � *+� � � � Å������ + 2 � < BvHu � m��À6iHn^l � {n " �+ 2 � < vHu � pk� G 9 G ) I º I ­ � I º G ­ � G ­�­ Il�( G K - � & ' � �³� � ��� L > ¼4� > $w* 4 ��� > � � L , � �!(+(+.�, � ¯ � ��� > Ë "[, � . ( > � * � > $�.�$ � � . � $N.� ?*+, � ' .N� = "%$ > $ �, � * � "[, � ��$N"©. � $)" % */. � > (2& � $)"[&)& > � � & � $ > * � * � � � "C, > � * � "C(/" � & " � � $N*+,%(/" � ��� � u#i < l�� � I ) I Ä ¬ � I � Ä �G ­�­�­ �( G 9 - & > � � "%$ � .g.�$ � ¯ ����� > $)" � = $N� % � ��� { � .g"% ?���� & > � � "%$�= "%" � µ~� B°���¬� "[( � >�> & �³��� � $N* � ¼ " � µ~� Ǧ���L > "[&)&@" � �}��� > � � ¯ $ � & �³�V� $ > � & � ��$ > ( % $ >N� *+" � � & . , > $ � * > , � ' .N� = "%$I& � .�$ � " � * � % * � > .�$ � *9, & > ( & "& � " � .`&)*+&� > � */" � � &x�!&)* � % � $N* � > %N% * � % � � Å�� ��� + 2 � < BvHu � m���À9i�nLl � �n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G 9 ¬ ) I � ­ � � I � I º �G ­�­ G �( G � - =v*+(+( > $)$)" > ( µ~� �A��� ; "%0 Çr� �Æ� Ǧ���_Ç > ( � � > � ; � � ��� > � � � . & "[(+( �}� Çr� � $ > � & � ��$ > ( � ' .E, > $ � * > (� " .�$ � > � */. � * � � � "o*9&), � " � *+, , > � * � "o(+" � & " � � $N*+,%(/" � � �n " � :À < � � � 9N� ) ¬ � 9 � ¬ 9�Il�cI4�N��Il�

� Ä

Page 65: TVc - Eindhoven University of Technology

( ¬X­ -Ç > ( � � > � ; � � ���~����· .`& > � �~µ~� =v*+(+( > $)$N" > ( � > � � � . & "[(9( �}� Çr� 4 "[( > � */. � = " � 0�"%" � � $ > � & � ��$ > (� " .�$ � > � */. � > � � (/.E, > ( � ' .N� = "%$ � */$)"[, � */. � * � , > � * � "©(+" � & " � � $N*9,%(/" � � {n " � :À < � � � ¬ ) ºNº ­ � º � G �I4�N9N9(�( ¬ I - < 0 > � " � = ��$ % �}� �A��� ? . � � " L � �A��� � �!* ¾@ #"%$ �}� � ���A� "[,-"[( > . { � 4 ��� > � � L > $w,%�!& �}� �³� 4 " % */. � > ( $ > � � �

& � > $N(+* � % " Ë "[, � ,-. � � $N* = � � "[& � . ( > $ % "%$� #" > � & � $ > * � * � ( > � "%$ > ( $N"%"©0 > (+(�* � � � " � " > ( � � ' � � � > �� " > $ � � � � + n�v " ��� j�lBu � v " ��� i)o � :À < vHj ��� À9t � � > % " � º Il� G ­�­ Ä �( ¬ G - < 0 > � " � = ��$ % �}� �A� L ����? . � � " L � �}� Çr��� � �!* ¾@"%$ �}� � � ¯ ��� B "%" � � >�> $ 4 � L ��� & > � 4 .`&)&)� � ¯ � � ��� > � �L > $N,%�!& �A� �³�T� * � * � % . , > $ � * > ,3,-. � � $ > , � */. � * � � � � > � & � > ! #" �k=(' � * % � � � " � #.�$ > ( � $)"[&@.`(9� � */. �� $N* � > %N% * � % ) " > $N( ' . � &@" � > � � ( > � "� #" > �§& � .�$ � " � * � % * � ( > � "%$ > ( 0 > (+( ��� Å�� ��� + 2 � < Bv�u � m��À6iHnLl� {n " � + 2 � < vHu � pC� G 9 � ) I49>K G � I49N9 ­ � G ­�­ Ä �