Digital Bonebeds

Turning Field Maps into a Searchable Digital Platform

Katherine Bramble

Department of Biological Sciences

…a What?

• Bonebed

• Bonebed Map

From Wikimedia Commons

Whitemud Creek

Field School

Images courtesy of P. Currie

Edmontosaurus 87%

Albertosaurus 12%

Ornithomimidae Ceratopsidae Troodontidae

Saurornitholestes

Images courtesy of V. Arbour

Digitizing Bonebed Maps

Image courtesy of P. Currie

Image courtesy of P. Currie

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Go in g into h ill

Rib Head F rag ment

Pr o xima l Caud al Ver tebr a

?

Fra gmen t

Rib

F ragme nt

Rib

Neur al Ar ch

Fr agme nt

Pa rtial Centr um

Rib Fr agme nt

Too th

Z yg apo physi s F ragme nt

TendonZyg a goph ysi s

Mi d Caud al Ve rtebr a

Neu ral Sp ine

Rib Fr agme nt

Pa rtial Sa cr u m

T ibia

Rib F ragme nt

?

Me taca r pal

F ragme nt

F ra gmen t F rag ment

Zyg a pophysi s Tend on

Fr agme ntF rag ment

( Not Collecte d)Tooth

F rag ment

Rib F rag men t

F rag ment

Tend on

Le ft Th oraci c R ib

Rib F ragme nt

Fr agme nt

Rib

Neur al Sp ine

Il ium

Fragme nt

F rag ment

?

To oth

Tooth F rag mentsTend on

Tooth

Too th

?

Frag

Ca udal Cen trum

Ch evr on

Rib

Rib H ead

Tendon

Femu r

F ragme nts

Tooth

Rib

Tendo n

Rib Fra gmen t

Rib

Dista l Caud al Centr um

Tooth

Tooth

Fr agme nt

Fra gmen t

Co ntinue s i nto wall

?

F rag ment

Fr agme nt

Rib Fr agme nt

Cauda l Ce ntru m

Fr agme nt

Frag ments

?F rag ment

Too th

Tooth

?

Pa th ologic N eur al Sp ine

To oth Ma rke d Tendo nRib Fra gmen t

F ragme nt

Tend on

Rib F ra gmen tRib F rag ment

Tooth

Zyg a poph ysi s

Fe mur

Isch ium

Neur al Ar ch

?

?

Ja w Fra gmen t

Ju ve n ile Right Rib

Righ t Pu bis

Rib with Too th Ma rk

Tendo n

Tendo n

Fra gmen t

?

Fr agme nt?

?

?

?

Rib

Contin ues

Into Wall

Bre

ak

Fragme nt

Right Pu bis

Mid Ca udal Verte bra

Rib F ragme nt

Tooth

To oth

Tooth

Tooth

RibF rag ment

Neur al Sp ine

Zyg apo physi s

??

F rag ments

?

?Tendon

Ver tebr a

?

Rib

Tendo n

Rib

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

Tooth

2 Tend ons, p lu s R ib Head

Ne ural Sp in e

Ten don

Tooth

Le ft Pu bis

Centru m

Isch iu m

Sa cr um

Rib F reg ment(Not Collecte d )

Rib (No t Collecte d)

Rib ( Not Collecte d)

Sca pula F rag ment

Rib

F ragme nt

Chevr o n

Rib

Te ndon

F rag ment

?

Rib

F rag ment

Rib

Rib

Tooth

Tooth

Rib

Dista l Caud al Ve rtebr a

Tendo n

Tend on F ragme nt

Z yg apo physi s

( Not Collecte d )

Tend on

Amo rpho us Bo ne

Rib F ragme nt ( Not Collecte d)

Tendo n Fr agme nt (No t Collecte d )

F rag ment

Te ndonTooth

Rib

Femu r

Tooth Fr agme nts

Tooth?

Cau dal Centr um

Dista l Isci um

Chevr on

Rib

Rib Fr agme nt

(Not Co lle cte d)

Rib

To oth F rag ment

Zyg a poph isi s

Rib F rag ment

Rib F rag ment ( Not Collecte d)

Fr agme nt

(Not C ollecte d)

Rib

?

Neur al Ar ch F ragme nt

Radius

( Collecte d with Ilium)

Ilium

?

?

Rib Fr agme nt (Not C ollecte d)

Rib Fra gmen t

Rib F ragme nt

Rib Fra gmen t

?

L umba r Rib

Tra nsve rse Pr oce ss

?

Fe mur

Ca udal Cen trum

Ve rteb ra

Rib

Fr agme nt

Rib F rag ment

( No t Collecte d )

Rib F rag ment

( Not Collecte d )

Rib Fra gmen t

Tooth

Rib

Rib F ragme nt

(Not C ollecte d)

Rib Fragme nt(No t Col lecte d)

?

?

Rib Head

?

Rib F ragme nt ( Not Col lecte d)

Can ce llous F ragme nt

( No t Collecte d )

Rib F ra gmen t( Not Collecte d)

Fr agme nt(Not Co lle cte d)

Rib

(Not C ollecte d)Rib

Pu bis

En d o f Ulna

?

Te ndon

Ten don

To oth

Rib F ragme nt

Ten don

Ca udal Verte bra

?

?

?

?

?

?

Denta ry F r agme nt

?

Iliu m?

Humer us

En d of Ulna ?

?

Centr um

(fr om ove rlyi ng g rave l)

?

Limb Bo ne F rag ment?

?

?

?

?

??

Pu bis

Rib (Not Co lle cte d)

Dorsa l Verte bra

? Coal

(Not Col lecte d)

Rib (Not Co l le cte d)

Rib Fra gmen t (Not Co lle cte d)

Dista l Radius or Uln a

Rib(Not Co lle cte d)

Sh aft o f Radius o r Ulna

Hume rus D elto id

Rib

Hume rus Sh aft

(in r ip-u p gra ve ls 3 0 cm h ighe r)

?

Caud al Ve rteb ra

Ilium

Pr ema x

Too th

Cauda l Ver tebra

Ilium

Po st Z yg apoph ysi s

and Pa r tial Ve rteb ra

?

Rib (Not Collecte d)

?

?

?

?

?

Quad rate

?

?

Ja w Fr agme nt

?

?

Rib ( Not Collecte d)

?

Caud al Zyg apoph ysi s

?

?

Rib Sh aft

( No t Collecte d )

Rib ( Not Collecte d)

Rib F ragme nt ( Not Collecte d )

Rib

( Not Collecte d)

Centr um

?

Cauda l Ce ntru m

Ce ntrum

L arge Flat Bo n e

?

Pr oxi mal En d o f Pu bis

Rib

?

?

?

Ver tebra

Ve rteb ra

Sku ll F rag ment

Centr um

?

?

Coal

Verte bra

Co al

?Tibia

?

Rib Fr agme nt

( No t Collecte d )

?

?

?

?

?

Ve rtebr a

Verte bral Ce ntru m

Ve rteb ral Cen trum

??

?

??

Iliu m?

?

?

?

?

? ??

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

??

?

?

?

Scr aps

?

?

?

?

??

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

En d o f Limb Bo ne

?

?

Hu merus F r agme nt

Pl us o ther Fra gmen ts

Ve rteb ral Centr um?

?

Frag ments, Po ssi b ly fr om H ume rus

Hume rus

Ja w

?

Cor onoid Pr oce ss

?

?

?

?

?

Half Ve rteb ra

Half V erte bra

Zyg apop hysi s

?

?

?

Rib He ad

Ja w

Centr um

Radius o r Ulna

Femur

Rib

Rib ?

Rib

T ibia

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

Tibia

Ne ural Ar ch

?

?

??

Sa cr um

Rib F ra gmen t

Humer us

F ragme nt

?

?

Rib F ra gmen t

Iliu m

?

?

Ulna

Isch ium

Tooth F rag ment

?

?

?

? (No t Collecte d)

Femu r

Ce ntru m

Rib

?

Tooth

?

Ver tebr a?

Rib ( Not Collecte d)

Ver tebra

?

?

?

?

?

?

Me tatar sa l

?

?

?

?

Caud al Neur al Ar ch

(No t Collecte d)

Rib ( No t Collecte d )

Fr agme nts

?

Sca pu la

Ilium

(No t Collecte d)Ce ntru m

Hume rus

??

?

Fragme nts

Astr aga lus

?

F emu rFra gmen ts

?

?

?

?

?

Sca pula Fra gmen t

?

Sca pula

Dorsa l Centru m

?

??

?

?

Centr um ( Not Collecte d )

??

Limb Fr agme nt

(No t Collecte d )

Limb Fragme nt in Ir onsto ne

(Not C ollecte d)

?

Ce ntru m Ce ntru m

Limb Fr agme nt

(No t Collecte d)

Pa rtial Sa cr u m(Not Co lle cte d)

?

? Rib?

?

Ca udal Ce ntrum

Ver tebr a

Sca pula

Rib

(Not Collecte d)

Denta ry

F emur

Metata rsa l

Rib

Rib Hea d

Nasa l

Fibula

Rib Head

Ju gal

Centr um

En d of F emur

Fe mur

Ve rtebr a

Cen trum

Cen trum

Femu r

Tibia

Den tary

Tr ansve r se Pr oce ss

Rib

?

(In Rip-Up)

Isch ium F r agme nt

( Not Collecte d )?

Verteb ra (Pl us Ot her El eme nts)

Ver tebr a

Tibia

?(Not Co lle cted)

F emu r

Rib

Ilium

Zyg a pophysis

Rib

Femu r

Fragme nt

(Not Collected)

Ne ural Sp ine

(Not collecte d)

?

Rib F rag ments

Fragme nts ( Not Col lecte d)

?

Rib (Not Co lle cted)?

?

Hume rus

Rib

Rib with Too th Ma rk

Ilium

Femu r

Rib

?

?

? De ntary

?

Rib

Sc ap ula

?

?

F emu r

?

Cauda l Ver tebra

Radius

Verteb ra

Cau dal Verteb ra

Toot h

Haema l Ar ch

(Not collected )

Pu bis

?

Tend on

(Not C ollecte d)

Ilium

Frag ment(Not Co lle cted)

RibTendo n

Fra gmen t

?

?

?

?

? ?

?

?

Rib Hea d

( No t Collecte d )

6.9, F.3

6.6 , F.2

6.6, F .4

6.3, F.3

6 .3, F.3

6.2, F .3

6.3, F .8

6.5, F .8

6 .8, F.9

6.6, F .67.9 , F.7

7 .6, F.8

7.5, F .7

7.5, F.6

7.5 , F.8

7.4, F .9

7.3, F.9

9.4, F.8

8.8 , F.8

9.1, F.8

6.2, G.2

6.2, G.3 6.4, G.3

6.5, G.5

6 .4, G.6

6 .2, G.7

6.1, G.6

6 .0, G.8

6.6 , G.7

6.8 , G.8

6.3, G.5

7 .2, G.3

7.4, G.4

7.4, G.2

7.6 , G.3

7.7 , G.2

7.5, G.5

7.7, G.7

7.3, G.97.2 , G.9

8 .1, G.0

8.2 , G.3

8.3 , G.3

8.6, G.0

8.4 , G.6

8.6, G.7

8 .1, G.8

8.3 , G.6

6.1 , H.1

6.3 , H.0

6.3 , H.2

6.7 , H.1

6.8, H.0

6.8, H.1

6 .9, H.3

6.5, H.4

6.4, H .2

6.1, H.7

7 .8, H.5

7 .5, H.5

7.6, H.5

7 .4, H.1

7.1, H .0

7.0, H.0

8.6, H.2

8.5, H .8

8 .1, H.3

8 .0, H.3

9.0, H .6

6 .3, I.3

6.6, I.46 .9, I.5

6 .6, I.56 .2, I.5

6.5, I.7 6.9 , I.7

7.1, I.37 .9, I.3

7 .2, I.5

7.9, I.6

7.2 , I.9

7 .7, I.7

8.0 , I.5

8.1, I.0

8 .2, I.28.5 , I.2 8.5 A, I.2

8 .4, I.18 .6, I.1

8.6, I.4

8.8 , I.4

8.8, I.7

8.7 , I.5

8 . 9 , I . 6

9 .0, I.4

8.7 , I.96.9 , J.0

6.5, J.0

6.5, J.1

6.9 , J.2

6.8, J.4

6.8 , J.36.4, J.3

6.8, J.3

6.6 , J.66 .9, J.7

6.9 , J.9

6.8 , J.7

6 .7, J.7

6.5 , K.06.4, K.0

6.2, J.96.1 , J.9

8.1 , J.1

8.4 , J.0

8 .1, J.8

8.2, J.5 8.3, J.6

8.3, J.6

8.4 , J.7

8.3, J.3

8.5, J.1

8.7, J.3

8 .9, J.010.0 , J.3

9.1, J.3

9.3 , J.3

9.3, J.9

9 .8, J.6

10.4 , J.6

7.2, J.8

7.4, J.9

7.1, J.9

7 .2, J.7

7.1, J.5

7.2, J.2

6 .9, J.7

7.4 , J.5

7.5, J.5

7.6 , J.5

7 .6, J.0

7.7, J.2

7.8, K.0

6 .2, K.9

6 .2, K.8

6.4 , K.7

6 .3, K.9

6 .3, L.2

6.8 , K.66.7, K.6

6.9, K.7

6.9, K.7

6.9 , K.3

7.2, K.5

7 .0, K.0

7.0, K.2

7.2, K.1

7.1 , K.4

7 .7, K.4

7 .0, L.0

7.6, K.3

7.1, K.1 8.2, K.0

8.3, K.9

8.0 , K.4

9.0 , K.4

9.6 , K.5

10.0, K.8

10.0 , K.6

10.3, K.3

5.9, L .1

5.8, L .8

6.8, L .16.2, L .2

6.5 , L.3

6 .9, L.2

6.4, L .8

7 .1, L.4

8.7 , L.2

6 .1, M.5

6 .0, M.2

6.5, I.2

6 .7, I.4

6.6 , I.6

5.9, I.2

8.3, I.0

31.8 , L.0

31 .7, L.8

31.8 , L.9

31.9, M.0

32.0 , M.7

31.6, O.6

32.1 , L.3

32.4, L .7

32.7 , L.6

3 2.1, L .8

3 2.6, M.2

32.4 , M.2

32 .5, M.5

32 .3, M.6

32.3 , M.8

32.5 , M.8

3 2.1, M.1

32.1, M.232.1, M.4

32.2, M.3

3 2.5, M.2

32 .4, M.9

32.3 , M.4

32 .8, N.1

3 2.9, N.1

3 2.8, O.4

3 2.1, O.7

32.2 , O.9

33.5, L .5

33.3 , L.8

3 3.9, L .8

33.9, L .9

34.0 , L.9

33.1, M.1

33.2, M.2

33 .3, M.3

33.2 , M.6

33.2 , M.7

33 .1, M.9

33.1, M.8

33.5 , M.7

33 .3, M.2

33.4, M.2

33 .4, M.4

3 3.4, M.5

33.2, M.5

33 .6, M.8

33.2, M.9

32.9 , N.2

33.7 , N.0

33.8 , N.0

33.9, N.1

34 .0, N.33 3.8, N.3

34 .0, N.7

33.9 , N.7

33.9 , O.0

3 3.4, N.9

3 3.3, N.8

33.0, N .7

33 .2, N .6

33 .2, N.2

3 3.1, N.3

33.5, N .1

3 3.5, N.1

3 3.2, N .0

33.4 , N.1

33.3 , N.1

33.4, N .2

33 .2, N.5

33 .8, N.7

33 .4, N.0

33 .5, N.1

3 3.5, N.3

33.3, N .2

33 .5, N.1

33.4 , O.1

33 .3, O.3

33 .5, O.4

33.8 , O.5

33 .6, O.5

33.6, O.7

33.3, O.7

33.3 , O.9

3 3.5, P.0

33.4 , O.3

33.0 , O.3

33.2, O.2

33 .4, O.6

34.3 , L.6

34 .8, L.7

34 .3, L.8

34.6 , L.6

3 4.8, L .9

34.6, L .7

34 .3, M.03 4.1, M.0

34.1. L .7

3 4.3. L .6

3 4.3, L .4

34.6 , M.8

34 .8, M.2

34.8, N .6

3 4.6, N.0

34 .4, N.8

3 4.9, N.1

3 4.7, N .5

34.7, O.5

34.7 , O.6

3 4.6, O.434 .8, O.4

35 .3, L.2

3 5.8, M.0

3 5.7, M.0

35 .6, M.1

35.7 , M.3

35 .8, M.3

3 5.8, M.4

35.7 , M.3

35.7, M.5

35 .7, M.6

35.8, M.6

35 .7, M.7

35.6 , M.9

3 5.5, M.3

35.3 , M.4

35.2 , M.6

35.2 , M.9

35 .5, N.3

35.0 , N.6

35.6 , N.6

35 .7, N.7

35.7 , N.8

3 5.6, N.5

35.2 , N.3

35 .2, N .6

35.4 , N.7

3 5.4, N.6

35 .2, O.0

3 5.4, N.3

35.4 , N.5

35 .6, O.9

35 .7, O.7

35 .9, O.4

35.5 , O.0

35.6, O.4

35.2, O.1

35 .0, O.3

35 .2, O.5

35.3 , O.6

36.2, O.9

35.4, O.8

35 .6, O.4

36 .7, L.2

36.9, L .5

36.9 , L.0

36 .7, L.3

3 6.6, L .3

36.6 , L.4

36 .0, L.1

36.3 , L.436 .9, L.4

36.6, L .5

36.5 , L.7

36.6 , L.7

36.8, L .6

3 6.2, L .4

36.7 , L.9

3 6.0, L .9

3 6.2, L .9

36.5, L .9

36.6, M.036 .4, M.0

3 6.9, L .7

36.9 , L.8

3 6.9, L .9

36 .6, M.1

36.4 , M.3

3 6.7, M.4

36.0, N .1 36.2 , N .1

36.3 , N.4

3 6.9, N.2

36.8 , N.836.5 , N.8

36.0 , N.9

36 .9, O.3

36.7, O.3

36.6 , O.4

36 .9, O.6

3 6.3, O.7

36 .4, O.9

37.1 , O.7

36.5 , O.1

37.7, J.2

37 .7, J .5

37. 9, J.7

37.4, J.2

37 .3, J.3

3 7.6, J.4

37.9, J.5

37.8, J.7

3 7.7, K. 5

37.8 , K.5

37.8, K.5

37 .6, L. 1

37.5 , L.4

3 7.8, L .8

37.2 , K.0

3 7.0, L .9

37.2, L .7

37.0 , M.1

37.0 , M.3

37.1, M.9

37. 7, M.7

37.9 , M.3

3 7.5, M.6

37 .4, M.5

37 .4, M. 3

3 7.6, M. 2

37.8, M.8

38.0 , N.2

37.4 , N.4

37.5, N.5

37 .1, N.5

37.1, N .8

37 .5, N.6

0.1, 3 7.5

37.8, N. 9

38.2, N.6

37.6 , O.9

37.4, O.2

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UAL VP5 28 01

UAL VP5 2 790

UAL VP5 26 37

UALVP5 26 31

Unkn o wn

UALVP5 263 5

UALVP5 274 3

UALVP5 2696

UAL VP5 4 825

UALVP5 2626

UALVP5 2758

UAL VP5 32 53

UAL VP5 2 646

UAL VP5 32 52

UALVP5 3255 UAL VP5 3 254

UALVP5 3256

UALVP5 267 2

UAL VP5 41 55

UALVP5 477 4

UAL VP5 2 701

UAL VP5 44 01

UALVP5 232 2

UALVP5 2706

UALVP5 2730

UALVP5 1986

UAL VP5 2 716

UAL VP5 2 650

UAL VP5 47 95

UAL VP5 41 61

UAL VP5 3 603

UAL VP5 4 337

ArcGIS

• Ai to DWG

• XLS to CSV

• Master List

– Catalogue Number

– Identification

– Family

– Quarry Coordinate

– Unique Identifier

Useful GIS Features

Rose Diagram 10° wedges N = 405

Conclusions

• Digitizing bonebed maps allow you to see big picture

• Using GIS allows for very easy manipulation of information for research

With Special Thanks To:

V. Arbour

M. Burns

J. Croghan

P. Currie

C. Nielsen

For suggestions and invaluable help