1. Background of Project

Turkey, which is located at the interface of Europe,the Middle East, Caucasus and Central Asia, had anurgent need to establish and develop new ports to addressthe growing amount of export-import cargo. Although anaccurate design and plan based on scientific data isnecessary for the construction of highly reliable portfacilities, the General Directorate of Railways, Ports, andAirports Construction (DLH) did not have anylaboratories for such activities. Considering this, theTurkish Government planned to establish the PortHydraulic Research Center in order to develop rationaland economical technologies for designing and planningthe port buildings. The Government then requestedProject-type Technical Cooperation from the JapaneseGovernment to achieve this goal.

2. Project Overview (1) Period of Cooperation

1 January 1995-31 December 1999

(2) Type of Cooperation

Project-type Technical Cooperation

(3) Partner Country's Implementing Organizations

General Directorate of Railways, Ports and AirportsConstruction (DLH)Port Hydraulic Research Center

(4) Narrative Summary

1) Overall GoalPort buildings are rationally and economicallydesigned in Turkey.

2) Project PurposeThe Port Hydraulic Research Center capable ofcarrying out research work in the field of hydraulicmodel tests, physical and numerical modelexperiments and field investigations is established.

3) Outputsa) The necessary facilities and equipment are

provided for the Center.b) The organizational structure of the Center is

established.c) Turkish counterparts are able to carry out

hydraulic model tests, numerical modelexperiments and field investigations.

4) InputsJapanese Side

Long-term experts 6Short-term experts 34Trainees received 9Equipment approx. 364 million yenLocal cost approx. 13 million yen

Turkish SideCounterparts 10Land and facilitiesLocal cost approx. 387.5 billion lira

(approx. 69 million yen)

3. Members of Evaluation Team

Team Leader:Masayuki WATANABE, Development Specialist,JICA

Port and Harbor Policy:Takashi KADONO, Director, Sakata Port ConstructionOffice, First District Port Construction Bureau,Ministry of Transport

Hydraulic Research:Noriaki HASHIMOTO, Director HydrodynamicsLaboratory, Marine Environment Division, Port andHarbour Research Institute, Ministry of Transport

Evaluation Planning:Ryuhei MIZUTANI, Special Advisor, Second TechnicalCooperation Division, Social Development CooperationDepartment, JICA

Evaluation Analysis:

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Turkey

Ankara

Bulgaria

Greece

Egypt

Saudi Arabia

Iraq

Syria

Israel

Iran

Georgia

Turkey

AnkaraProject Site

The Port HydraulicResearch Center

Kaoru IWAKAWA, PADECO Co., Ltd.

4. Period of Evaluation

7 September 1999-19 September 1999

5. Results of Evaluation (1) Efficiency

The inputs on the Japanese side, such as Dispatch ofExperts, counterpart training and provision of equipment,were carried out on schedule, and the quality, quantity andtiming of inputs were generally appropriate. Theconstruction of the Port Hydraulic Research Center wasalso completed as planned as a whole.

(2) Effectiveness

The project outputs were mostly accomplishedfollowing the plan as the counterparts became capable ofconducting field research, hydraulic testing of multi-directional random waves, as well as numerical modelexperiments. However, achievement of the projectpurpose in terms of establishment of the Center was notcompletely successful. The amount of experimental dataaccumulated by researchers was still insufficient forcontinuing effective research activities. This wasconsidered a result of the short time period of technologytransfer, which was carried out by experts for only twoyears after the first three years of the cooperation. Duringthe first three years of the project, activities wereconcentrated on the establishment of the infrastructureand the installation, set up, and coordination of thebuildings and facilities. Therefore, the remaining periodfor research and transfer was not long enough for thesufficient gathering of the necessary data for the analyses.

Moreover, counterparts had not gained enoughexperience even in the areas where technology transferhad been completed, such as plane water tank experimentfor harbor tranquility analysis to the extent to able toinvestigate the causes of damage and revise designmethods accordingly when the port facilities weredamaged. Also, the management systems for researchactivities and facilities were not yet established since thiswas not stated in the project purpose.

(3) Impact

Significant effects of the project were not yetobserved at the time of evaluation since it was only abouttwo years after the opening of the Center. However, theCenter and its state-of-the-art research facilities wereintroduced at conferences in Europe, so it was becomingwell known to researchers in this field. Hence, the Centerwas expected to take on a leading role in the field of porthydraulic study both within Turkey and in the countriesalong the East Mediterranean and Black Sea.

(4) Relevance

In Turkey, there was a rapidly growing need for theconstruction of new ports and for personnel able to designprojects based on a port hydraulics view. Therefore, theoverall goal and the purpose of the project wereconsidered highly relevant to the Turkish needs for thedevelopment of port facilities.

(5) Sustainability

The Center was clearly recognized as part of thenational administrative network and its organizationalsustainability was expected to be maintained.Nevertheless, the management systems for the researchactivities, facilities, and general affairs were not fullyestablished.

In terms of technical sustainability, there were someengineers with a high technical capability among theCenter's port hydraulic researchers and they had beencontributing to the improvement of the port engineeringtechnologies in Turkey. However, the number ofresearchers was still insufficient for the furtherdevelopment of the research activities, although this issuewas being addressed.

6. Lessons Learned and Recommendations (1) Lessons Learned

The establishment of the Center's managementsystem was not defined as a cooperation component inthis project. When the project aims at the building oforganizational functions, the establishment of themanagement system should be included in the activitiesand defined as a part of project outputs. The Dispatch ofExperts who are able to give long-term guidance was alsoconsidered to be necessary.

(2) Recommendations

The project purpose initially agreed to in the plan wasgenerally accomplished, thus the project was terminatedat the end of 1999. The enhancement of the researchmanagement system, the establishment of the departmentin charge of management of facilities and general affairs,and the additional recruitment of research fellows were alldeemed necessary in order to further strengthen theCenter's sustainability.

7. Follow-up Situation

In order to strengthen research activities, anIndividual Expert (Coastal Engineering) was dispatchedin May 2002 for two years.

Chapter 3: Terminal Evaluation II Middle East

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