turkey-iraq relations: from close partners to adversaries

7/30/2019 Turkey-Iraq Relations: From Close Partners to Adversaries

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Zshhir|? Bifdmim iem Iekiri

diwc rcjce}a| mrlg}cm ipir} msc

}n mnhcz}lj m|eihljz le Lriy iem

jdieflef rcflneia pirihc}crz%

Le mnhcz}lj }crhz! }dc S%Z%

vl}dmrivia cemcm }dc Zdli iem

Ksrmlzd iaaliejc iem rcwciacm }dc

}cezlnez }di} vcrc pnz}pnecm

b| }dc S%Z% pnaljlcz% Lriyl PrlhcHlelz}cr Ensrl ia(Hialklz yscz}

gnr jce}riali}lne iem ei}lne

bslamlef jaizdcm vl}d }dc Ksrmlzd

rcflneia fnwcrehce}z pnzl}lne

}n kccp l}z gcmcria rlfd}z% Zlejc

]srkc| cejnsrifcz zcjsair

pnal}ljz le Lriy iem hnwcm janzcr

}n }dc Ksrmz msc }n zcjsrl}|

jnejcrez! Hialkl rcfirmcm bn}d

hnwcz iz i jdiaacefc }n dlz

pnvcr iem pnzl}lne% Le }dc rcflne!

}dc Z|rlie jrlzlz diz pnairlcm

jnse}rlcz mcpcemlef ne }dclrzsppnr} gnr cl}dcr Izzim nr }dc

Z|rlie nppnzl}lne% Le }dlz brlcg!

}dc jdieflef m|eihljz ng ]srkc|(

Lriy rcai}lnez nwcr }dc aiz} gwc

|cirz irc ctihlecm%

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]srkc|(Lriy Rcai}lnez?

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Oiesir| 6! 209:

Vizdlef}ne! MJ Bcrale Pirlz

Brszzcaz Bcafrimc Iekiri

Bsjdircz} Virziv ]selz

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]c rcpcrjszzlnez n }dlz jdiefc lepnalj| diwc bcce hieifcibac nrIekiri le l}z rcai}lnez vl}d jnse}rlczir}dcr ivi| rnh srkc| zsjd izAlb|i% Bs} ihnef }dc ecircr is}dnrl(}irlie imhlelz}ri}lnez! Z|rli bclef}dc hnz} z}rlklef ctihpac! }dc jdiefcdiz jrci}cm ns}rifc mlrcj}cm }nvirmsrkc|% Lriy lz iazn frimsiaa| bcjnhlefhnrc prnbachi}lj nr }dc anef }crhmsc }n mnhcz}lj m|eihljz le Lriy iemmcwcanphce}z le }dc airfcr rcflne%En}vl}dz}iemlef srklzd cnr}z }nrcijd ns} }n iaa zcfhce}z n }dc Lriylpcnpac iem mlwcrzl| l}z nrclfe pnalj|}nnaz! Ensrl ia(Hialklz pnvcr frible }dc jnse}r| iem zsppnr} nr }dcis}dnrl}irlie rcflhcz le Z|rli iemLrie diwc brnsfd} blai}cria rcai}lnez}n i prcjirlnsz pnzl}lne% Le }dlz brlc!}dc jdieflef m|eihljz n srkc|(Lriy

rcai}lnez nwcr }dc aiz} wc |cirz vlaa bcctihlecm%

]dc Cira| Pdizc? Rcjnez}rsj}lne ng

Mlianfsc Jdieecaz

srkc| i}}chp}cm }n prcwce} }dc 200:S%Z% le}crwce}lne le Lriy vl}d aiz}hles}c mlpanhi}lj cnr}z% ]c srklzdfnwcrehce} circm i pnzzlbac rij}srcn Lriy iem rczsa}lef mccpcelef lez}i(blal}| ne l}z bnrmcr% srkc| hile}ilecm

l}z zsppnr} nr Lriyz }crrl}nrlia le}cf(rl}| icr }dc Sel}cm Z}i}cz rchnwcmZimmih Dszzcle rnh pnvcr%

Lemccm! srkc| lz en} i jnse}r| }di}vnsam bcec} rnh }dc Lriyl fnwcre(hce}z jnaaipzc% \c}! jrl}ljlzhz }di}srklzd nrclfe pnalj| le Lriy vizzdipcm b| l}z zcjsrl}| jnejcrez vcrcpir}liaa| }rsc%

srkc| diz psrzscm i hsa}lai|crcmpnalj| }nvirm Lriy% srklzd bszl(eczzhce iem jne}rij}nrz diwc iarcim|bsla} lenrhia jdieecaz bc}vcce }dc}vn jnse}rlcz vdlac Iekiri kccpznrhia jdieecaz npce% ]lz ipprnijdpiwcm }dc vi| nr i sr}dcr ctpiezlnen rcai}lnez le }dc zcjnem dia n }dc2000z% Le }dlz jne}ct}! Hczs} Njie!Mcps}| Jdilrhie n }dc Jce}cr nr


2/4

Ieia|zlz

2

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]srkc| diz bcfse }n pcrjclwc Lriy

iz i aiem ng nppnr}sel}lcz lez}cim

ng iz i }drci} grnh }dc PKK%

Z}ri}cflj Rczcirjd semcr }dc srklzd Hlelz}r| n Gnrclfe

Iilrz! irfscz }di} srkc| bcfie }n rca| hnrc ne mlpanhij|iem cjnenhlj rcai}lnez z}ir}lef le 200< iem ctpiemcml}z mlianfsc vl}d acimcrz n mlcrce} c}delj iem rcalflnszfrnspz le Lriy% Le n}dcr vnrmz! srkc| diz bcfse }npcrjclwc Lriy iz i aiem n nppnr}sel}lcz lez}cim n iz i }drci}rnh }dc PKK $Ksrmlz}ie Vnrkcrz Pir}|, lzzsc%

srklzd cefifchce} vl}d Ksrmlzd iem Zdli frnspz le Lriybrnkc birrlcrz iz vcaa! cwce }dnsfd srkc| diz bcce rcai(}lwca| }lhlm le l}z ripprnjdchce} vl}d }dc Lriyl Ksrmz }dievl}d Zdli frnspz% Glrz}! srkc| iwnlmcm ngjlia jne}ij}zvl}d }dc Ksrmlz}ie Rcflneia Fnwcrehce} $KRF, iem jdnzc

}n s}lalc zcjnem(}rijk jne}ij}z% Sengjlia hcc}lefz vl}d}dc KRF vcrc naanvcm b| }dc lel}li}lne n ngjlia rcai}lnez!hirkcm b| Hlelz}cr n Gnrclfe Iilrz Idhc} Miws}nasiem Hizznsm Biriel hcc}lef le Crbla iem Iekiri% Jnezc(ysce}a|! Iekiri npcecm i jnezsai}c le Crbla le Osa| 2090%

Gsr}dcrhnrc! srkc| jne}ij}cm Zdli acimcrz zsjd izHsy}imi ia(Zimr! Ihhir ia(Diklh! iem Ial ia(Zlz}ielmlrcj}a|% Hcc}lefz bc}vcce Zdli acimcrz iem srklzd acimcrz}nnk paijc le bn}d srkc| iem Lriy% srklzd Prlhc Hlelz}crRcjcp i||lp Crmnie wlzl}cm }dc zdrlec n Lhih Ial leEioi! iem wnvcm }di} L ih ecl}dcr i Zseel enr i Zdli! L ih

i Hszalh le Bifdmim% ]lz z}i}chce} viz jrsjlia zlejc l}lemlji}cz srkc|z mczlrc }n mcwcanp i ecv rdc}nrlj vl}dns}zcj}irlie rccrcejcz%

]dc Zcjnem Pdizc? Iekiri(Bifdmim Mlwcrfcejc

srkc| vie}cm Lriy }n aciwc bcdlem c}delj iem zcj}irliemlwlzlwceczz! zn Iekiri }nnk i pnal}ljia rlzk iem jdnzc }nzsppnr} L|im Iaaivlz ia(Lriyl|i ri}dcr }die Hialklz Z}i}cn Aiv Jnial}lne! vl}d l}z alefcrlef zcj}irlie }necz! le 2090cacj}lnez% Cwce }dnsfd Iaaivl rcjclwcm }dc hionrl}| n }dcwn}cz! dc ilacm }n cz}ibalzd i fnwcrehce} mczpl}c diwlef}vn hnrc rcprczce}i}lwcz }die }dc Z}i}c n Aiv Jnial}lne le}dc Piralihce}% ]c Lriyl fnwcrehce}ia jrlzlz cemcm vl}d

Hialkl prczcrwlef dlz pnzl}lne iz }dc prlhc hlelz}cr i} }dc

cem n elec hne}dz n pnal}ljia sejcr}ile}|% ]lz rczsa}dihpcrcm }dc prnjczz n }dc zcjsairli}lne n Lriyl pnal}ljz%Imml}lneiaa|! srkc|z zsppnr} nr Iaaivl jdlaacm Bifdmim(Iekiri rcai}lnez%

Hialkl diz z}ir}cm }n jneznalmi}c dlz pnzl}lne% Ipir} rnhbclef }dc prlhc hlelz}cr! dc jsrrce}a| iazn dnamz }dcpnz}z n hlelz}crz n mccezc! le}crlnr! iem ei}lneia zcjs(rl}| dlhzca% Hialkl diz iazn zsbz}ie}li}cm dlz pnzl}lne leBifdmim }drnsfd }dc osmljlir|%

Iz }dc S%Z% }rnnpz z}ir}cm }n vl}dmriv le Mcjchbcr 2099!

}dc pnal}ljia irrcz}z z}ir}cm }n }ikc paijc% Vdce }dc vl}d(mrivia viz jnhpac}c! }dlz prnjczz ijjcacri}cm msc }n }dcchcrflef pnvcr wijssh% ]c irly ia(Dizdlhl! Ziacdia(Hs}aiy! iem Rigc ia(Lzzivl jizcz irc en}nrlnsz ihnef}dczc pnal}ljiaa| hn}lwi}cm prnzcjs}lnez% Le npcelefaivzsl}z ifilez} }dc mcps}| prczlmce} n Lriy! }dc fnwcre(hce}z }np(rieklef Zseel Irib ngjlia! Hialkl ijjszcmDizdlhl n! ihnef n}dcr }dlefz! pan}}lef }n izzizzlei}cdlh% Dizdlhl ac }dc jipl}ia nr rz} Crbla! }dce Yi}ir! iem}dce }n srkc| nr pnal}ljia prn}cj}lne% Hcievdlac! dc vizzce}cejcm }n jipl}ia pselzdhce} le Lriy wc }lhcz%

Hialkl iazn psrzscm jce}riali}lne pnaljlcz! hilea| lececrf| iem zcjsrl}|! }n ctpiem Bifdmimz jne}rna vdlac}rlhhlef }dc cmcria pnvcrz n }dc Ksrmlz}ie RcflneiaFnwcrehce} $KRF,% iklef imwie}ifc n }dc ctlz}lef ihbl(fsl}lcz le }dc Lriyl jnez}l}s}lne! }dc rcflneia fnwcrehce}dim zlfecm jne}rij}z nr cecrf| mcwcanphce} prnocj}z vl}dle}crei}lneia jnhpielcz% Bclef sejnhnr}ibac vl}d }dczchnwcz b| Crbla! Bifdmim }rlcm }n le}lhlmi}c }dc jnhpielczb| ps}}lef }dch ne i baijkalz} }di} prcwce}z sr}dcr blmmlefnr cecrf| prnocj}z%

Hnrcnwcr! msc }n i mlzps}c rcfirmlef pi|hce}z bc}vcceBifdmim iem Crbla! nla ctpnr}z rnh }dc KRF vcrczszpcemcm le }dc zshhcr n 2092% I} }dc zihc }lhc! srkc|diz bcfse }n }rimc vl}d Crbla! vl}d }rsjkz jirr|lef Ksrmlzdnla }n srklzd pnr}z le rc}sre nr rcecm nla rnh srkc|%Lriyl fnwcrehce} zpnkczhie Ial ia(Mibbifd lzzscm i z}crevirelef }n srkc| ibns} }dc nla }rimc! jiaalef l} laacfia%Ai}cr! Bifdmim jiejcacm srklzd nla jnhpie| PINzjne}rij} le zns}dcre Lriy%


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Ieia|zlz

:

Ieia|zlz

Vdlac }dc ct}ce} hi| bc

mcbi}ibac! Hialkl diz pnzl}lnecm

dlhzcag vl}d }dc is}dnrl}irlie

rcflhcz%

Bc|nem cecrf| lzzscz! }dc Hialkl imhlelz}ri}lne z}ir}cm

}n prczzsrc }dc KRF }n ps} Pczdhcrfi $irhcm Ksrmlzd,nrjcz semcr }dc Lriyl irh|z jne}rna% ]lz jne}rnwcrzlialzzsc viz en} i prnbach msrlef }dc pnz}(vir rcjnez}rsj}lnepcrlnm bcjiszc Hialkl jdnzc }n }sre i balem c|c }n }dc lzzscvdce }dc Ksrmz vcrc ialfelef vl}d dlh% En} zsrprlzlefa|!Crbla mlm en} vcajnhc }dlz ecv mcwcanphce}! pir}ljsaira|vdce Bifdmim z}ir}cm }n jailh }di} l} lz en} jnez}l}s}lne(iaa| pnzzlbac nr }dc cmcria fnwcrehce} }n rcacizc semz nrKsrmlzd }rnnpz%

]c mcbi}c ne }dc nrhi}lne n Lriyl zcjsrl}| nrjcz lz en}alhl}cm }n Bifdmimz z}rsj}sria jnejcrez% r|lef }n ctpiem

}dc jne}rna n }dc cmcria fnwcrehce}! Hialkl irfscz }di}}dc Lriyl irh| diz i jnez}l}s}lneia rlfd} n prczcejc!vdc}dcr l} lz le Bizri le }dc zns}d nr _ikdn le }dc enr}d% n}dlz cem! Bifdmim nrhcm }dc lfrlz Npcri}lnez Jnhhiemle }dc zshhcr n 2092! le airfc pir} }n lejrcizc hlal}ir|jne}rna le Klrksk! vdljd lz i mlzps}cm irci% Klrksk dnamz 90blaalne birrcaz n nla rczcrwcz! bs} l}z z}i}sz viz en} acfiaa|mcecm le }dc 2003 jnez}l}s}lne% Ri}dcr! pir}lcz ifrccm }nmcjlmc l}z z}i}sz icr i jcezsz! vdljd diz bcce mcai|cm zlejc}dce%

Ri} Rijc le Klrksk

]c Klrksk lzzsc! vdljd nr i vdlac viz le alhbn! dizfilecm prnhlecejc ne }dc pnal}ljia ifcemi naanvlefHialklz psrzsl} n jce}riali}lne i} }dc ctpcezc n cmcr(ialzh% Gnaanvlef }dc S%Z% vl}dmrivia! Hialkl dcam i jiblec}hcc}lef le Klrksk le Hi| 2092 }n zdnv }di} }dc jl}| lzsemcr Bifdmimz jne}rna% Vdlac }dc hionrl}| n }dc pnps(ai}lne le Klrksk lz }dnsfd} }n bc Ksrmlzd! }dc hionrl}| nLriyz srkhce pnpsai}lne lz iazn }dnsfd} }n alwc }dcrc% Le}dlz rcfirm! srkc| lz wcr| zcezl}lwc }nvirm }dc mcwcanp(hce}z le Klrksk%

Gnaanvlef Hialklz wlzl}! }dc Ksrmz vie}cm }n hnwc janzcr }nIekiri% Miws}nas wlzl}cm Klrksk vl}d Biriel le Isfsz}2092% Le rczpnezc! Hialkl zce} Lriyl }rnnpz vl}dle :0 klan(hc}crz n Klrksk! vdljd sr}dcr lejrcizcm }dc }cezlne le}dc jnse}r|% Hialklz pnalj| n szlef }dc Lriyl irh| }dlz vi|jiszcm hnrc jnejcre nr }dc Ksrmz vdce Bifdmim zlfecmvcipnez mciaz vl}d }dc Sel}cm Z}i}cz }n bs| G(97 oc} fd}crziem Ibrihz }iekz% ]c Pczdhcrfi nrjcz diwc nea| hcjdi(elcm wcdljacz }di} vcrc ledcrl}cm rnh Zimmihz rcflhc%

Is}dnrl}irlielzh Ibrnim? Hialklz Zsppnr} gnr Izzim

Ianef vl}d mnhcz}lj }cezlnez icr }dc S%Z% vl}dmrivia!}dc Z|rlie jrlzlz bcjihc ien}dcr rsp}src le srkc|(Lriyrcai}lnez% Pnpsair hnwchce}z le }dc Irib vnram jdiefcmjdirij}cr vdce }dc| rcijdcm }dc bnrmcrz n Alb|i iemZ|rli% Bn}d Bizdir ia(Izzim iem Hsihhir Fimmi jdnzc}n ijc }dclr psbaljz mchiemz vl}d dirm pnvcr% Izzim iaznzsjjccmcm le nb}ilelef }dc pnal}ljia iem hlal}ir| zsppnr}n Rszzli! Lrie! iem }n znhc ct}ce} Jdlei% Hialkl rdc}nrl(jiaa| fn} le alec vl}d Lrie iem Z|rli ne }dc lzzsc% Le pnal}ljia}crhz! Hialkl iazn virecm }dc Z|rlie nppnzl}lne n zibn(}iflef }dc Z|rlie z}i}c%

Onnz} Dla}crhiee! }dc Le}crei}lneia Jrlzlz Frnspz mcps}|prnfrih mlrcj}nr nr }dc Hlmmac Ciz}! irfscz }di} Hialklz}nec lz alekcm }n dlz janzc z}iejc vl}d cdrie% Hialkl lz iaznijjszcm n }srelef Lriy le}n ie Lrielie ir}cr|! ijlal}i}lef}dc }riezl} n anflz}ljia zsppnr} iem vcipner| }n Z|rli%]sz! vdlac }dc ct}ce} hi| bc mcbi}ibac! Hialkl diz pnzl(}lnecm dlhzca vl}d }dc is}dnrl}irlie rcflhcz% Alkc Izzim!Hialkl pnr}ri|cm srkc| iz i nrclfe }drci}! prnhn}lefprnpifiemi }di} mcplj}z srkc| iz bclef nppnzcm }n Irible}crcz}z% Gsr}dcrhnrc! }dc PKKz ij}lwl}lcz diwc bcjnhchnrc lrrl}i}lef nr srkc| vdce Lriy bcjihc i hchbcrn }dc lenrhia jnial}lne zsppnr}lef Izzim! ianef vl}d }dc

PKK%

Le ij}! Bifdmimz janzc rcai}lnez vl}d cdrie diwc rcjce}a|bcfse }n ccm }dc pcrjcp}lne le srkc| }di} i z}rnef itlzbc}vcce Lriy iem Lrie bizcm ne zcj}irlie mlwlzlne lz bclefbsla} le }dc Hlmmac Ciz}% ]c Lriyl prlhc hlelz}crz jrl}l(jlzhz n }dc Crmnie imhlelz}ri}lne hnwc srkc| janzcr}n Crbla iem sr}dcr ivi| rnh Bifdmim% Rcjce} ctihpaczzsjd iz }dc jiejcalef n i srklzd nla jnhpie|z jne}rij}iem }dc prcwce}lef n srklzd Cecrf| Hlelz}cr iecr\lamlz paiec rnh aiemlef le Lriy sr}dcr cm }dlz lhprcz(


4/4

Ieia|zlz

=

Ieia|zlz

Ibns} }dc Is}dnrz

Dizie Zcalh cr}ch iem Hcdhc} \cfle irc rczcirjdcrz i} ie

Iekiri(bizcm }dlek }iek! Le}crei}lneia Z}ri}cflj Rczcirjd Nrfieli(

}lne $SZIK,% cr}chz irciz n le}crcz} irc srklzd pnal}ljz! cecrf|

zcjsrl}|! iem nrclfe pnalj|% \cflez irciz n le}crcz} irc srklzd pnal(

}ljz! srklzd(Ihcrljie rcai}lnez! iem zcjsrl}|%

Ibns} FHG

]c Fcrhie Hirzdiaa Gsem n }dc Sel}cm Z}i}cz $FHG, z}rcef}dcez

}riezi}aie}lj jnnpcri}lne ne rcflneia! ei}lneia! iem fanbia jdiaacefcz

iem nppnr}sel}lcz le }dc zplrl} n }dc Hirzdiaa Paie% FHG mncz }dlz b|

zsppnr}lef lemlwlmsiaz iem lez}l}s}lnez vnrklef le }dc }riezi}aie}lj

zpdcrc! b| jnewcelef acimcrz iem hchbcrz n }dc pnalj| iem bszleczz

jnhhsel}lcz! b| jne}rlbs}lef rczcirjd iem ieia|zlz ne }riezi}aie}lj

}npljz! iem b| prnwlmlef ctjdiefc nppnr}sel}lcz }n nz}cr rcecvcm

jnhhl}hce} }n }dc }riezi}aie}lj rcai}lnezdlp% Le imml}lne! FHG

zsppnr}z i eshbcr n lel}li}lwcz }n z}rcef}dce mchnjrijlcz% Gnsemcm

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turkey-iraq relations: from close partners to adversaries

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