turbidimetry: chemistry project report
TRANSCRIPT
CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT bbbB
Chemistry Project Report
INTRODUCTION GROUP INFO
When light is passed
through the suspension, part of the radiant energy is
dissipated by absorption reflection and refraction,
while the remainder is transmitted when the
suspension is viewed t right
angles to the direction of the incident light, the
system appears opalescent due to the reflection of light
from the particles of suspension (Tyndall
effect).the light is reflected irregularly and therefore
the term scattered light is used for it. The
measurement of the intensity of scattered light
as a function of the concentration of suspended
particles is done by the
technique known as
turbidimetry. It is also known as nephlometry.The
intensity of scattered light is measured at right angles to
the direction of the incident light. Turbidity is measured
in NTU (nephelometric
turbidity units).
Estimation of Sulphate ions by Turbidimetry
by [Article Author]
Group 7
Group Members
Bharath KB
Amogha Bhardwaj
Ipsit Gambhir
Archit Roy
Aditya Sharma
Shivam Shukla
Vinod Kumar
Vinit Shahdeo
CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT bbbB
PHOTO -GALLERY
Turbidimeter
Putting Water Samples in turbidimeter
Preparation
Preparation of Standard Solutions
COLLECTION OF WATER SAMPLES
VIT Lake
Drinking Water
Sewage Water
Tap Water
Katpadi City Bore Water
GROUP MEETING PHOTO
PROCEDURE
Preparation of the standard solutions:
1) Sulphate ions solution:
Dissolve 0.4535 g of dry potassium sulphate in distilled water and make the volume to 250 ml.
this solution has the sulphate concentration 1 gm/ml.
2) Sodium chloride- hydrochloric acid reagent
Dissolve 25 gm of sodium chloride in 60-70 ml of water. On dilution add 2ml of conc. Hcl. Dilute
the solution to 100 ml. 3) Barium chloride:Pass the crystals through a
20 mesh sieve and take those, which are
retained by the mesh. Dissolve 5 m of the salt
in 100 ml of water.
4) Conditioning reagent : 50 ml of glycerol+ 30
ml of conc.hcl+300 ml of distilled water+100 ml of 95% of ethanol+75 gm of sodium chloride.
Preparation of suspended particles:
1) Take seven 50ml volumetric flask and label them
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.Use the flask labeled as 1 for
the blank solution preparation.
2) Transfer 1,2,3,4 & 5ml of standard sulphate ion
solution in the flasks number 2, 3, 4, 5& 6.
3) To each flask add 30ml of conditioning reagent
solution.
4) Add 10ml of barium chloride solution to each
flask and make the volume to 50ml.Allow each
flask to stand for 5 minutes.
5) The flask marked as 1 will have all the solution
as under 3 and 4 except 2.
6) Use the flask labeled as 7 for unknown solution.
7) Transfer the samples in the sample tubes (which
should be very clean inside and outside and
should not contain any scratches). Note the
reading on turbidity scale.
CHEMISTRY PROJECT REPORT bbbB
PHOTO-GALLERY
REFERENCES
Dr. Sumathi
Yahoo Answers, Quora, Wikipedia, pdf’s from
various books
Lab assistant
MIT lab manual
CONCLUSION
Results
Blank solution: 0 ppm
1 ml Sulphate solution 124 NTU
1 ml Sulphate solution 168 NTU
1 ml Sulphate solution 251 NTU
1 ml Sulphate solution 343 NTU
1 ml Sulphate solution 376 NTU
Tap water 239 NTU = 59 ppm
Lake water: 317 NTU = 78.1 ppm
Sewage water 332 NTU = 89.6 ppm
Katpadi City Water 265 NTU = 66 ppm
Drinking water 28 NTU = 4.7 ppm
Here, according to the results derived above, it
implies that, drinking water contains the least
amount of Sulphate content, because, here at VIT Campus, the drinking water is taken as of utmost
importance, and various purification techniques has been employed such as RO, UV and UF, so
that is the reason for its low Sulphur content.
And, the next comes, the discussion regarding the
sewage water, which contains highest amount of Sulphate content, as a result of deriving waste
from various sources in the campus of VIT.
The source which we collected from the sewage
treatment plant, gets the effluent from Ladies hostel, M.G.R block, TT and Men’s hostel.
So, this is the reason for having the highest amount of Sulphur content.
GROUP PHOTO
Created By: Vinit Shahdeo