tunneling for desalination projects in australia...plant tbm type lining type intake/outlet diameter...
TRANSCRIPT
Paper #
Tunneling for Desalination Projects in Australia
Malcolm DixonGHD
Service Line Leader - Tunneling
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Tota
l Ann
ual*
Inflo
w to
Per
th D
ams*
* (G
L)
Annual Total
1911-1974 av (338 GL)
1975 - 1996 av (177 GL)
1997 -2005 av (114 GL)
Regression 1960 to 2005
Notes: - A year is taken as May to April - 2005/06 inflow to 1st November 2006
2006
Impact of Drying Climate – Dam Inflows
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The Desalination Process
FreshWater
SalineWater
Reverse Osmosis
key components of SWRO:• Inlet and outlet• Pre-treatment• Reverse Osmosis• Post-treatment• Water storage• Water transfer• Power supply
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Australian Desalination Projects with Tunnels
Gold Coast Plant (Tugun, 2008)_•135 MLD capacity
Sydney Plant (Kurnell, 2010)•250 MLD capacity
Victorian Plant (Wonthaggi, 2012)•410 MLD capacity
Adelaide Plant (Pt Stanvac, 2011)•300 MLD capacity
Perth 2 Plant (Binningup, 2011)•150 MLD capacity
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Australian ProjectsPlant Capacity Year of
CommissionTotal Capital Cost (AUD$)
Intake/Outlet Diameter (m)
Intake/Outlet Length (m)
No. of Intake/Outlet Risers
Vertical Alignment
Gold Coast (Tugun)
135 ML/day 2008 $943 Million
2.8 m/2.8 m 2.2 km/2.0 km 1/1 Incline
Sydney (Kurnell)
250 ML/day 2010 $1,443 Million
3.4 m/3.4 m 2.5 km/2.5 km 4/2 Decline
Melbourne (Wonthaggi)
410 ML/day 2012 $2,870 Million
4 m/4 m 1.2 km/1.5 km 2/2 Decline
Adelaide (Point Stanvac)
300 ML/day 2011 $1,500 Million
2.8 m/2.8 m 1.5 km/1.2 km 1/6 Decline
Perth 2 (Binningup)
150 ML/day 2011 $738 Million
2.4 m/2.0 m (2 intake tunnels)
0.9 km/0.9 km 2/1 Decline
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GHD and Desalination Tunnels1. Gold Coast – Owner’s Engineer for design and construction phase
2. Sydney – Prepared reference design, carried out majority of geotechnical investigations, client’s technical advisor for design and construction phase and prepared all technical tender documents.
3. Adelaide – Owner’s Engineer and prepared Environmental Impact Statement
4. Perth 2 – Alliance team member for Plant Engineering
5. Melbourne – Prepared environmental effects study, obtained approvals, reference design, Owner’s Engineer for design and construction phase.
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Plant TBM Type Lining Type Intake/Outlet Diameter (m)
Lining Thickness
External Water Pressure (bar)
No. of Segments Reinforcement
Gold Coast (Tugun)
Herrenknecht slurry shield
Precast segments
2.8 m/2.8 m 200 mm 5.7 6 (trapezoidal) 35 kg/m3
(fibres)
Sydney (Kurnell) Herrenknecht double shield
Precast segments
3.4 m/3.4 m 225 mm 5.0 6 (trapezoidal) 35 kg/m3
(fibres)
Melbourne (Wonthaggi)
Herrenknecht slurry shield
Precast segments
4 m/4 m 230 mm 4.2 4 (parallelogram) 2 (trapezoidal)
35 kg/m3
(fibres)
Adelaide (Point Stanvac)
Herrenknecht slurry shield
Precast segments
2.8 m/2.8 m 200 mm 5.5 6 (trapezoidal) 35 kg/m3
(fibres)
Perth 2 (Binningup)
Herrenknecht slury pipejack (AVN)
Pipe jacking 2.4 m/2.0 m (2 intakes)
NA 3.0 NA NA
Tunneling Method
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Geotechnical InvestigationsProject Number of offshore
BoreholesOffshore Geophysics Other Investigations
Gold Coast (Tugun) 8 Seismic reflection Bathymetric profiling
Sydney (Kurnell) 0 Magnetic survey, electrical resistivity 12 on shore CPTs, bathymetric profiling
Melbourne (Wonthaggi) 3 Seismic refraction, gravity survey, magnetic survey
2 exploratory HDD holes, bathymetric profiling
Adelaide (Point Stanvac) 2 Seismic reflection and refraction Bathymetric profiling
Perth 2 (Binningup) 5 unknown Bathymetric profiling
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Twin 3.4 m OD intake/outfall tunnels2.4 km & 2.1 km sized for 170 ML/d
Gold Coast Desalination Plant
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Gold Coast Desalination Plant
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Gold Coast Desalination Plant
TBMs (75 m /week)
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Gold Coast Desalination Plant
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Victorian Desalination Project
Source: Aquasure
Victorian Plant– Offshore Geophysics
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Victorian Plant– Cored HDD Holes
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Victorian Plant– Riser Connections
Jack up Barge - 55 x 32 metres
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Sydney Desalination Plant
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Sydney Desalination Plant
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Sydney Plant – Riser Options
Off-line Connection In-line Connection
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Sydney Plant – Riser Construction
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Adelaide Desalination Plant
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Adelaide Desalination PlantThe jack-up barge:
• weighs 2400 tonnes with cranes;• has four legs, each 45 metres long;• measures about 30 x 35 metres;• includes a helipad so workers can be flown in and out at each shift;• has GPS technology on board to ensure each anchored location is exact;• once jacked into place, can maintain approximately 6 metres air space between the platformand the ocean.
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Adelaide Desalination Plant
2.4 km of bored tunnel in 40 weeks
DN900 outlet riser, 20 m long. Manufactured from glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP).
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Perth 2 Desalination PlantInnovative Construction:
• dual mode pipe jacking TBM for variable geotechnical conditions;
• orbital welder which provided a 360 HDPE weld around the pipe joints that provides protection against marine growth;
• Project specific jacking pipe design to achieve 100 year design life;
• Wet recovery of TBM and relaunch.
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Perth 2 Desalination Plant