tune in - resources book

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tune in1

RESOURCE BOOK

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ContentsUnit

Friendspage 4

Teacher’s notesTeacher’s notes and answer key

Vocabulary and GrammarOppositesPastimesAdverbs of frequencyPresent Simpleand Present Continuous

ReadingChat roomsStrategies:SkimmingUsing key wordsNoticing phrases

Sporting madpage 10

Teacher’s notes andanswer key

CognatesRegular and irregular verbsPast Simple and Past ContinuousPast Simple and Past Perfect

A different sort of holidayStrategies:Using what you knowUsing picturesUsing subheadings

New horizonspage 16

Teacher’s notes and answer key

False friendsPhrasal verbsPresent Perfect for experiencePresent Perfect for giving newsPresent Perfect for duration

InterRailStrategies:Scanning for informationUsing key words to findanswersFinding specific information

Visionspage 22

Teacher’s notes and answer key

Compound nounsNoun suffixesJobsFuture formsFuture Perfect and FutureContinuous

Adventures in spaceStrategies:Parts of speechGuessing meaning fromcontextGuessing unknown words

A good story!page 28


Adjectives ending in -ed and -ingAbout booksComparisonsRelative clauses

Crime storiesStrategies:Understanding the settingCharactersGuessing meaning fromcontext

Sleep on it!page 34


Expressions with sleepCrosswordModal verbs

Steven’s sleepwalkingStrategies:Inferring meaningInferring meaning fromother wordsLooking at paragraphs

Helping outpage 40


Extreme adjectivesPrefixesWord buildingFirst, second and thirdconditionals

The chemical seaStrategies:Using what you knowUsing topic sentencesFinding specific information

Gadget crazypage 46


TechnologyAdjective orderThe passive voice

iPod nanoStrategies:Identifying adverb andadjective pairsOpinion phrases Referring devices

Play time!page 52


make or take?Phrasal verbsReporting statementsReporting questionsReporting verbs

Play time!Strategies:Using stage directionsIdentifying idiomsFeatures of spoken English

Term Tests speaking tasks page 67 Listening scripts page 74 Appendices

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WritingAn informal letter

CultureUsing the internet

Unit TestsUnit 1 Test page 58

Term Tests

A narrative Sports in Britain and Spain Unit 2 Test page 59

A formal letter Gap years Unit 3 Test page 60 Term Test 1 page 68

An opinion essay Mathematical terms in English

Unit 4 Test page 61

A biography Book quiz Unit 5 Test page 62

A for and against essay Idioms quiz Unit 6 Test page 63 Term Test 2 page 70

Describing problems Endangered species Unit 7 Test page 64

A descriptive essay Inventors and their inventions Unit 8 Test page 65

A dialogue Let’s go to thecinema

Unit 9 Test page 66 Term Test 3 page 72

Unit Tests and Term Tests Answer key page 76

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Friends TEACHER’S NOTES1

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Tune in to Vocabulary andGrammar (page 6)

1 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary box onpage 8 of the Student’s Book.

Tune in to Writing (page 8)

This reviews the Writing section on pages 10-11 ofthe Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting an informal letter.

1 Students examine the letter to find errors. This isa useful skill, which can be used to develop theirown checking skills in the final exam.

Tune in to Reading (page 7)

This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page 4of the Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofskimming. In the final exam students should beencouraged to skim a text so they get a generalidea of what the text is about.

1 In the exam it will help students greatly if theyspend some time getting a general idea of whatthe topic of a text is. Students should not worryabout unknown words or phrases at this stage.

2 Ask students to underline key words as they arereading, but make sure they are not underliningtoo many – skimming should be quick.

4 This exercise reviews the Grammar box on page7 of the Student’s Book.

ANSWER KEY

1 impatient2 illegal3 disorganised

4 disobedient5 unreliable6 insecure

ANSWER KEY

b Are chat rooms safe places for children?


ANSWER KEY

1 surfing2 doing3 visiting

4 collecting5 sending6 playing

ANSWER KEY

1 is2 doesn’t understand3 Do you know

4 is playing5 Do you speak6 are doing


ANSWER KEY

1 Max and Ophelia always read the newspaper.2 James is never late for class.3 Rita sometimes studies at the library in the

evening.4 Richard usually writes his blog every afternoon.5 Matt never has cereal for breakfast.6 Robert rarely watches TV in the evening.

ANSWER KEY

1 No. It should be under the address.2 No. The writer uses only two paragraphs and

does not break up the information intodifferent sections.

3 No. If you know the name of the person youare writing to, the letter should end Love, /Best wishes,.

ANSWER KEY

Summary 2: There is lots of good advice forchat room users and providers. This adviceshould be followed.

Key words and phrases:…a chat guide for children and teenagers, Most of the advice is very similar.…by making sure that you stay in control ofwhat you make public...Only use rooms that are moderated, so that aresponsible adult is monitoring what happens.…never meet someone from a chat roomface to face without an adult to accompanyyou – remember that online ‘friends’ areactually strangers.

3 Key words may often actually be key phrases thatthe writer uses to compare and contrast ideas. Itis a good idea to point these out to studentswhen reading and soon they will be able to noticethem themselves.

ANSWER KEY

1a But the biggest cause for concern is that 2e Children have been harassed by adults as a

result of3b The BBC also …, as do4d Only …, so that5c Although chat rooms …, they also

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ANSWER KEY

Internet use in the USA

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Tune in to Culture (page 9)

This Tune in to Culture page, Using the internet,expands on two of the themes in the unit, blogsand technology, by encouraging students toanalyse the use of the World Wide Web in the USAand Spain.

1 Students work in small groups to rank thepopularity of certain web activities.

2 In groups of four, students complete the chartwith their own ideas or using some of thosefrom exercise 1. They number them in orderfrom 1-10, 1 being the most popular and 10 the least.

3 Direct a class discussion, in order to compile achart similar to the one in exercise 1. Write theactivities on the board.

4 Students discuss in groups. Below are the topfive websites for Spain.

2 Students rewrite the letter using the correctparagraphing and ending.

MODEL ANSWER

Dear Pablo,

My name is Ruth. I am 16 years old and come fromEngland. I am a student at a public school. I wouldlike to visit Spain to improve my Spanish.

I am including a photograph of myself. As you cansee, I am short and slim. I’ve got short, dark hairand green eyes. I am friendly, but a bit shy. I likelistening to music and surfing the internet.

My hobbies are playing chess and reading. I spendmy free time playing chess with the Chess Cluband watching TV. I also like cycling. I cycle with acycling club at the weekends. There are somegreat places to go cycling near my house!

Please write back to me and tell me about you andyour hobbies.

Best wishes,

Ruth Adams

14 Myers RoadLiverpool

18 November 2006

1-10 Activity1 Send or read email2 Surf the net for fun3 Send an instant message4 Look for information on hobbies5 Get news6 Play or download a game7 Listen to music online8 Visit a chat room9 Download music files10 Check sports scores

3 Before they correct the mistakes, the studentsclassify the kinds of mistakes that have beenmade.

ANSWER KEY

1 Gr2 Sp

3 P4 Gr

5 Gr6 Wo

7 Sp

4

ANSWER KEY

I like chess too. Who is your favourite player?I am playing football for my school team thisyear. I love doing sport. I think cycling is reallycool. I also really like listening to music.

ANSWER KEY

1 Google España – a web search sitespecifically for Spain.

2 Microsoft Network (MSN) – web search andinstant-messaging site, provides informationand news, etc.

3 Google – a web search engine.4 Yahoo! – free email, chat rooms, provides

information and news, etc.5 El Mundo – a Spanish newspaper site.

5 Finally, ask students to find out what are themost popular websites in their groups.

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4 I like __________ stamps.5 My friends and I love __________ text messages.6 Alex really likes __________ computer games.

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Friends1

© Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing 2007: PHOTOCOPIABLE

Tune in to Vocabulary and GrammarPractise your vocabulary

Opposites

1 Correct the negative words in bold.1 She is the most unpatient person I have ever met. _______________2 You can’t park here. It’s unlegal! _______________3 He can never find his homework because he is ilorganised. _______________4 I’ve never seen such unobedient children. _______________5 You can’t trust Harry. He is extremely irreliable. _______________6 I always feel so unsecure when I meet new people. _______________

Pastimes

2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

collecting doing playing sending surfing visiting

1 I enjoy __________ the internet.2 We hate __________ sport.3 My sister can’t stand __________ art galleries.

Adverbs of frequency

3 Write the words in the correct order.1 Max / always / and / Ophelia / the / newspaper / read .

___________________________________________________________________________________________2 class / is / never / James / late / for .

___________________________________________________________________________________________3 the / studies / library / Rita / at / evening / sometimes / the / in .

___________________________________________________________________________________________4 blog / writes / Richard / afternoon / his / every / usually .

___________________________________________________________________________________________5 has / Matt / never / breakfast / cereal / for .

___________________________________________________________________________________________6 TV / rarely / Robert / the / watches / evening / in .

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Practise your grammar

Present Simple and Present Continuous

4 Choose the correct option in each sentence.1 My friend Alastair is / is being a good student.2 Sarah isn’t understanding / doesn’t understand

the lesson.3 Do you know / Are you knowing my older

brother?4 Bill isn’t at home because he plays / is playing

football.5 Do you speak / Are you speaking any foreign

languages?6 We do / are doing a French project this week.

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Tune in to ReadingChat rooms

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Friends1


Strategy 1: Skimming

1 Look at the titles below.a A history of chat roomsb Are chat rooms safe places for children?c Why do people like chat rooms?

Now skim the text and choose the best title.You only have one minute.

It can help you to understand a text if youread it quickly first to get an idea of whatthe text is about.

Chat rooms have become very popular with teenagers, whouse them to ‘meet’ people from all over the world. Chat roomswere first invented by the US army, who used them to helpsoldiers stay in touch with their families. Since then they havespread to the general public and become an internetphenomenon. However, the popularity of these rooms withteenagers has raised a number of concerns.

First of all, some children are using chat rooms to bully otherkids by sending them unpleasant messages. Some bulliesimpersonate other children online and cause trouble for theirvictims that way.

But the biggest cause for concern is that children have beenharassed by adults as a result of their use of chat rooms. There aremany websites which recount frightening stories of children andteenagers who have been lured into danger through chat rooms. Sogreat has the problem become that in 2003 and 2005 the BritishGovernment issued warnings to children who use chat rooms, andguidelines to people setting up these rooms.

The BBC also provides a chat guide for children and teenagers,as do other independent sites. Most of the advice is very similar.If you are a chat room user, you should be very careful who youtrust with information online. One way to ensure this is by makingsure that you stay in control of what you make public in a chatroom. Never give away personal information like addresses andappearance – keep your identity secret. In safe chat rooms thereshould be easily accessible ‘ignore buttons’, which allow you toblock messages from individuals. Use these buttons, and ifthey’re not available, don’t use the chat room. Only stay in publicchat rooms, don’t go into private one-on-one rooms. Only userooms that are moderated, so that a responsible adult ismonitoring what happens. You should also be able to contact themoderator easily so you can report bad behaviour if necessary.And finally, never meet someone from a chat room face to facewithout an adult to accompany you – remember that online‘friends’ are actually strangers.

Above all, parents and their children need to be aware that,although chat rooms can be great fun if used sensibly, they alsoneed to be used with care.

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Strategy 2: Using key words

2 Read the summaries of paragraph 4.1 Chat rooms are harmless fun. 2 There is lots of good advice for chat room

users and providers. This advice should befollowed.

3 Most people are irresponsible when they usechat rooms.

Now read paragraph 4 and choose the bestsummary. Which key words showed you thecorrect answer?

Strategy 3: Noticing phrases

3 Match the two parts of the sentences.1 But the biggest cause for concern is2 Children have been harassed by adults3 The BBC also provides a chat guide for

children and teenagers,4 Only use rooms that are moderated5 Although chat rooms can be great fun if used

sensibly,

a that children have been harassed by adults asa result of their use of chat rooms.

b as do other independent sites.c they also need to be used with care.d so that a responsible adult is monitoring what

happens.e as a result of their use of chat rooms.

Now find the sentences in the text and checkyour answers.

A text usually has key words that can helpyou understand it. These are usually verbsand nouns.

Often the key parts of a text are phrasesrather than words. It can help you understanda text if you can notice these phrases.

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Friends1


18th November 2006 14 Myers Road

Liverpool

Dear Pablo, My name is Ruth. I am 16 years old

and come from England. I am a student at a public school. I would like

to visit Spain to improve my Spanish. I am

including a photograph of myself. As you can

see, I am short and slim. I’ve got short, dark

hair and green eyes. I am friendly, but a bit

shy. I like listening to music and surfing the

internet. My hobbies are playing chess and

reading. I spend my free time playing chess

with the Chess Club and watching TV. I also

like cycling. I cycle with a cycling club at the

weekends. There are some great places to go

cycling near my house! Please write back to

me and tell me about you and your hobbies.

Yours faithfully, Ruth Adams

1 Study the letter and answer the questions.1 Is the date in the correct place?2 Does the writer use paragraphs effectively?3 Does the writer end the letter correctly?

2 Rewrite the letter correctly using paragraphsand the correct ending.

3 Read an extract from Pablo’s reply. Classify the mistakes he makes using the correction code.

1 _____ 2 _____ 3 _____ 4 _____ 5 _____ 6 _____ 7 _____

4 Rewrite Pablo’s reply._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I 1am liking chess 2to. Who is your favourite 3player. I am playingfootball for my school team this year. I love 4do sport. I thinkcycling 5are really cool! I 6really like also 7lisening to music.

Correction codeGrammar (Gr)Spelling (Sp)Punctuation (P)Word order (Wo)

Tune in to WritingAn informal letter

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Friends1


1 Number the activities 1-10 for teen internetuse in the USA. Compare answers with apartner.

Internet use in the USA1-10 Activity

Check sports scoresDownload music files Play or download a gameLook for information on hobbiesListen to music online Surf the net for fun Send or read email Visit a chat roomSend an instant message Get news

2 In groups of four, list your group’s ten mostpopular internet activities.

Activity12345678910

3 Compare your information with the class.

4 Look at this list of the top five websites in the USA.1 Yahoo! – free email, chat rooms, etc.2 Google – a web search site which provides email, chat and messaging services.3 MySpace – a social networking site.4 Microsoft Network (MSN) – web search and instant-messaging site, provides information and news, etc.5 eBay – an auction site.

What do you think the top five websites for Spain are?1 ___________________________________________________________________________________________2 ___________________________________________________________________________________________3 ___________________________________________________________________________________________4 ___________________________________________________________________________________________5 ___________________________________________________________________________________________

5 Work in groups. What are the top five websites in your group?

Tune in to CultureUsing the internet

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Sporting mad TEACHER’S NOTES2

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1 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary box onpage 13 of the Student’s Book. Note that in thisexercise the words ski and football arefunctioning as adjectives in the phrases ski shopand football tournament. Students may placethese words in the Nouns column as that is themore usual form of the words.



This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page13 of the Student’s Book. It gives students furtherpractice of using titles and accompanying visuals tohelp them gain an initial understanding of a text.Encourage your students to read titles carefully andthen use them as a basis to predict what the text isabout. They also need to examine all visualsprovided, since these should also supportunderstanding. After predicting, students shouldcheck their ideas by skimming the text, as practisedin Unit 1, page 4 of the Student’s Book.There are two phrases that may cause problems forthe students in this text: base camp (line 10): when people gomountaineering, this is the first area where they puttheir tents and equipment at the bottom of themountain will even teach you some husky (lines 22-23): in thissentence husky is being used in a humorous way tomean the ‘language’ used to speak to the huskydogs

1 It may not occur to students to use theirknowledge of a topic when reading about it in a foreign language. So, before reading,encourage them to think about everythingthey already know about the reading topic. In class, students can share their knowledge in order to help each other.

2 Students may ignore visuals in their eagerness toread the text. It is worth pointing out to studentsthat pictures are carefully chosen to illustrate thearticle they accompany. So, time spent looking atthe pictures will help them to understand the textitself. In class, students can describe the picturesto each other in order to raise the general level ofknowledge about a topic. In this exercisestudents guess a title from the pictures beforereading and then read quickly to check theiranswer. Allow students only two minutes for thisexercise.

3 This exercise reviews the Grammar box on page14 of the Student’s Book. If students are havingdifficulty with this exercise, encourage them tothink about how long each action is. The shorteraction will often be in the Past Simple and thelonger, ‘background’ action in the PastContinuous. For example, in the first sentence,the ambulance came refers to the ambulance’sarrival, which would be very short. Talking onthe phone would take a much longer time.

ANSWER KEY

Nouns Verbs Adjectives snowboarding cancelled popularequipment training traditionaltournament studying skiathletes footballcompetitiveminorityactivityphenomenon

ANSWER KEY

1 caught2 trained

3 played4 hit

5 fell6 swam

ANSWER KEY

1 He was talking on the phone when theambulance came.

2 She was taking a bath when the phone rang. 3 He was walking in the mountains when he

took the photograph. 4 As I was reading my report, I noticed a

mistake.5 He heard the news while he was eating

dinner.6 She hurt her leg when she was playing

football.


ANSWER KEY

1 By the time it stopped raining, the spectatorshad gone home.

2 When he came home from work, his familyhad finished dinner.

3 By the time I arrived, my friends had gone tothe cinema without me.

4 When he got to the party, the other guestshad eaten all the food.

5 I had had problems sleeping before I tookthe exam.

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ANSWER KEY

1 The top adventure holidays


This Tune in to Culture page, Sports in Britain andSpain, expands on the sports theme from the unit.Students compare the sports played in Spain withsports played in the UK. Then they carry out a classsurvey to find out what kind of sports their classmateslike and participate in. The lesson is rounded off bycalculations of percentages of sport preferences.

1 Students read the texts about sports in the UKand Spain. They answer the question about whichsports the four speakers like best. The purpose ofthese texts is to provide students with a model tohelp them speak about their own favourite sportsduring the class survey in exercise 2. Encourage aclass discussion about whether students agreewith the speakers. Have the students seen orplayed the sports mentioned: rugby, netball,handball and gymnastics?

2 Students stand up and ask ten students thequestions. Encourage the students to say asmuch as possible about each sport.

3 Finish by assembling the results from eachperson and building up statistics for the wholeclass. What is the class’s favourite sport? Whichsport do they like the least?

ANSWER KEY

Past Simple (three from): took, had,explained, gave, showed, got, started, took off,released, was, were, taught, landed, cameover, looked, told, wanted, laughed, saidPast Continuous (three from): was taking (us up), was flying, were gliding, was beatingPast Perfect: had always wanted, had landed,had felt

4 Students complete the paragraph by choosingbetween the Past Perfect and the PastContinuous.

ANSWER KEY

1 was going2 hadn’t been3 had got4 was travelling

ANSWER KEY

Sheila netballEdward rugbyJaime handballAlicia gymnastics

3 In the exam students may rush into a text feelingthat they have no time to waste. However, usingwhat they know about the topic to predictcontent can greatly help them to understand itbetter, so a little time spent thinking about whatthey expect to meet in a text is valuable.Suggest students write down some words theythink might appear in the text as a way ofpractising and developing this exam strategy.Note that the texts that students come across in the exam will probably not contain sub-headings as such. However, this skill canhelp with reading web pages and originalsources in preparation for the exam.

5 was still moving6 were waiting7 had hurt


This reviews the Writing section on pages 18-19 ofthe Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting a narrative.

1 Students read the blog quickly and choose atitle. Tell students not to worry about choosingthe correct options in 1-8 at this stage.

2 Students now choose between the correct linkersand time expressions. All of the words andphrases in italics appeared on page 19 of theStudent’s Book.

ANSWER KEY

b

ANSWER KEY

1 At first2 Then3 After that,4 When

5 While6 after a while7 Afterwards8 as soon as

3 Students examine the text and find examples ofthe different past tenses.

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Sporting mad2


Nouns Verbs Adjectives snowboarding


Cognates

1 Identify the cognates in the sentences and then complete the chart below. 1 Snowboarding is very popular. 2 I bought all the sports equipment in a

traditional ski shop.3 They cancelled the football tournament.4 The athletes were really competitive and they

went training at five in the morning.5 Rafting isn’t a minority activity.6 They are studying the phenomenon.

Regular and irregular verbs

2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.

catch fall hit play swim train

1 The goalkeeper _____ the ball.2 She _____ hard before the race.3 The team _____ very well in the game.


Past Simple and Past Continuous

3 Complete the sentences with the correct verb form. 1 He / talk / on the phone / the ambulance /

come (when)_________________________________________

2 She / take / a bath / the phone / ring (when)_________________________________________

3 He / walk / in the mountains / he / take / the photograph (when)_________________________________________

Past Simple and Past Perfect

4 Identify and correct the mistake in each sentence. 1 By the time it stopped raining, the spectators had went home.

___________________________________________________________________________________________2 When he came home from work, his family had finishing dinner.

___________________________________________________________________________________________3 By the time I arrived, my friends went to the cinema without me.

___________________________________________________________________________________________4 When he got to the party, the other guests did eaten all the food.

___________________________________________________________________________________________5 I had have problems sleeping before I took the exam.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4 The ball _____ one of the spectators.5 The skater _____ and broke his leg.6 The swimmer _____ across the English Channel.

4 I / read / my report / I / notice / a mistake (as)________________________________________

5 He / hear / the news / he / eat / dinner (while)________________________________________

6 She / hurt / her leg / she / play / football(when)________________________________________

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Sporting mad2


Asflights become cheaper andholidays easier to arrange,more and more people want

an adventure as well as a holiday.Climbing Mount Everest used to be front-page news, but now Everest itself hasbecome a hot tourist destination.However, not everyone climbs themountain completely. For many peoplereaching base camp is enough.Another way to experience the world’sgreatest places is to go trekking. The Incacity of Machu Picchu used to be visitedonly by locals and archaeologists, but now

thousands of tourists are flying to Peru towalk the Inca Trail and gape inamazement at the lost city’s temples, fieldsand ruins. If cold weather is your thing, you cantravel to Alaska and learn how to dog sledwith huskies! Experienced drivers willshow you what to do and will even teachyou some husky, for example ‘Hike’,which means ‘Get moving!’

SafariIf you like animals and have a taste fordanger, then the Okavango Delta in

Botswana, southern Africa, is the placefor you. It is the largest inland delta inthe world and this water attracts aspectacular number of wild animals,including elephants, hippos, leopards,lions, giraffes and monkeys. There arealso many, many types of flowers andplants. Even getting to Okavango is anadventure. You can travel there by ‘airtaxi’ or road. But driving is discouragedunless you are an experienced 4 x 4 driverbecause of the difficult terrain. This isnot a trip for the faint-hearted!

Strategy 3: Using sub-headings

3 The last section of the text has the sub-heading Safari. What do you think it is going to be about?Write down six words you think might be in the text. Then read the final two paragraphs. Howmany of your words were in it?

Tune in to ReadingA different sort of holiday

Strategy 1: Using what you know

1 What do you know about the activities in the box? Where can you do them?

dog sledding mountaineering safari trekking

Strategy 2: Using pictures

Before reading a text, think of everything you know about the subject. This will help youanticipate the text content.

Texts often come with pictures to help youunderstand. Look at the pictures carefullybefore you read so you have an idea ofwhat the text is about.

2 Look at the pictures and choose the best titlefor the article. Then skim the first threeparagraphs (up to Safari) and check youranswer. a The top adventure holidaysb The most dangerous sportsc How adventurous are you?

Sometimes a text has sub-headings which can help you understand its content.

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Sporting mad2


2 Read Carmen’s blog again. Choose the correct linkers and time expressions.

3 In her story Carmen uses different past tenses. Find three examples of the Past Simple, PastContinuous and Past Perfect in the story.

1 _________________________________________2 _________________________________________3 _________________________________________4 _________________________________________

5 _________________________________________6 _________________________________________7 _________________________________________

1 Read Carmen’s blog and choose a title.a A frightening experience

4 Change the verbs in bold in the paragraph to the Past Perfect or Past Continuous.

Janet 1went skiing with her friends. She was very nervous because she 2wasn’t skiing before. Everythingstarted well. She went to the ski shop and hired the equipment. The problems started after she 3got tothe ski lift. She got on with the help of a friend and she started to relax as she 4travelled up to themountain top. But at the top, she panicked because she didn’t know how to get off. She tried to get offthe lift when it 5still moved. Instead she fell off and landed on a group of five people who 6waited toget on the lift. Everyone fell over in a pile of skis and poles. When Janet’s friends arrived to help her,they found out that she 7hurt her foot in the fall and she couldn’t go skiing after all!

Tune in to WritingA narrative

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Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect1 1 12 2 23 3 3

b An exciting sport c A beautiful day

I had always wanted to go flying in a glider. Oneday, as a birthday present, my mum and dad took meto a flying school where you can go up in a gliderwith an instructor.

1At first / While I had to have some training. Mike,my instructor, explained the rules and the safetyprocedures. 2Then / As soon as he gave me myhelmet and showed me how to put it on. We got inour glider. 3At first / After that, the pilot of theaeroplane which was taking us up in the air startedthe engine and we took off. 4When / Next the plane was flying at the right altitude and thespeed was good, he released the glider. We were gliding through the air! It was really exciting and my heart was beating quickly all the time. 5While /After that we

were in the air, Mike taught me how to control the machine. It was great! But it was over tooquickly because 6the next day / after a while we landed safely on the ground.

7Afterwards/ Before my parents came over to the plane. They looked really nervous, but I wasexcited. I told Mike that I wanted to go back in the air again 8while / as soon as we hadlanded. He just laughed and said he had felt the same after his first flight. It was the bestexperience of my life!

Carmen’s blog

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Sporting mad2


2 Take a class survey. Ask ten students in the class the questions in the table.

3 Calculate the percentage of answers for your ten students. Tell the class about your results.Example: 30% of students prefer tennis. 40% play football most.

Tune in to Culture Sports in Britain and Spain

1 Work in pairs. Read the text. What sports do the four people like best?Sheila __________ Jaime _________Edward __________ Alicia _________

Kids in the UK often have about two hours a week oforganised physical education classes. The classes includecompetitive sports such as football, cricket, rugby andhockey. Netball is also popular with girls.

Sheila, from Bath, EnglandI love playing netball. It is a good, fun gamewhich is a bit similar tobasketball, but you playwith seven players. Thegame is really fastmoving. You can onlyhold onto the ball forthree seconds and youcan’t take more than one

step with the ball, so you have to throw it to anotherplayer. Players have to stay in their areas of the court andif they don’t, they are ‘offside’. Only the goal attack andthe goal shooter positions can score.

Edward from Edinburgh, ScotlandI like rugby. It’s a veryhard sport and we playit in all weather: rain,snow, anything. Youplay with an oval ballin teams of fifteen.You can kick or runwith the ball. My teamis really good: we havewon some schoolchampionships.

In schools in Spain, the most popular sports are football,basketball and handball for boys, while dance andgymnastics are popular for girls.

Jaime, from Vigo, SpainMy favourite sport ishandball. It has thebest parts of football,but you can touch theball with your hand.You can play itindoors. You have tobe very strong andagile to play the game.There are very goodSpanish professionalteams as well. I don’t like athletics at all. I findrunning around a track boring. I prefer team sports.

Alicia, from Cartagena, SpainI love gymnastics.Gymnastics developsgood co-ordination. If you are a goodgymnast, you are invery good shape. It isa wonderful hobbyand a great way tostay fit. I don’t liketeam sports becausethey are too

competitive. When I’m doing gymnastics, I amcompeting with myself.

Questions

1 What is your favourite sport?

2 What sport do you like least?

3 Which sport do you play most?

4 Do you prefer team sports?

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10

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New horizons TEACHER’S NOTES3

16



3 This exercise reviews the Grammar box on page22 of the Student’s Book. Students could usethese questions to interview a partner.

2 This exercise reviews the verbs in the readingon page 20 and the Vocabulary boxes on pages24-25 of the Student’s Book.


1 Finding numerical information in a text shouldbe quick and easy. You could start by justasking the students to underline the numbers in the article, and then to go back and decidewhat they refer to.


This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page20 of the Student’s Book. It further develops theskill of scanning for specific information. This is acommon exam task and students need to becomeaware of clues they can use to help them readquickly and effectively. Making students aware ofhow numbers and capital letters stand out in a textcan be a very useful strategy. In addition, studentsneed to be aware that time spent reading the taskcarefully is just as important as time spent readingthe text itself.

There are three phrases that may cause problemsfor the students in this text:many students just didn’t take to the idea (lines 13-14): take to means become interested in, so thisphrase means that the idea did not become popularamong studentsyoung Czechs simply weren’t as well off as youngGermans (lines 25-26): to be well off means to havea lot of money, to be prosperous revenue (line 32): this is the money a business receives

2 Students sometimes pay much more attention tothe text than the task, which can result in themreading inefficiently and wasting valuable time.Ask students to look at the task before the textso they know what they are reading for.

ANSWER KEY

1b 2d 3e 4h 5g 6f 7a 8c

ANSWER KEY

1 has met 2 has never ridden3 has visited

4 has won5 has never played6 has been

ANSWER KEY

1 attend2 relatives3 bookshop

4 sensitive5 studies6 news

ANSWER KEY

1 Have, heard, has, gone2 Have, seen, has discovered

ANSWER KEY

1 three hours2 six years3 two and a half hours

ANSWER KEY

1 360,000 = the number of people who hadused an InterRail ticket by 1992

2 50 = the 50th anniversary of the InternationalRailway Union

3 10,000 = the number of interrailers in the1970s

4 1993 = when the InterRail ticket system wasrevised

5 40 = InterRail has been available for overforty years

6 1972 = when InterRail started


4 January5 20036 he was ten years old

ANSWER KEY

1 Why were the tickets introduced?To bring together young people from allover Europe and promote cheap travel.

2 Why were the tickets not popular at first?Some thought the tickets were tooexpensive and many students just didn’ttake to the idea.

3 Which nationalities use the tickets most?Germans, Britons, people from the Beneluxcountries and Swedes.

4 How were the tickets reformed in 1993?The system was changed so that the mostpopular destination countries received moreof the ticket revenue than others.

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17


1 This exercise focuses on common errors.


This Tune in to Culture page, Gap years, expandson the theme from the unit. First, students readabout some gap year experiences and matchpictures to the texts. Next, students talk aboutwhat they would like to do in a gap year.

1 Students read the paragraphs and matchpictures to experiences.

2 Students work in pairs and interview theirpartners, using the questions on the page.Circulate from group to group to help withvocabulary and keep students on the topic. Atthe end, ask students to report back to the class.

2 Students choose the correct order of theparagraphs in the letter.

ANSWER KEY

1c 2a 3d 4b

3 Students read the job advertisement and thencomplete the letter.

ANSWER KEY

1 I have been studying at this school for twelveyears.

2 I have been living here since 1998.3 I am interested in working with your

organisation.4 I have seen some information in the

newspaper.5 I am 17 years old.6 I am looking forward to hearing from you.

MODEL ANSWER

Majorca 29Valladolid

15 June 2007Dear Sir or Madam,

My name is Ximina Galán and I am writing to askyou about the volunteer work for the City FilmFestival. I am 17 years old and I am interested inworking in film in the future.

I have seen some information on your web page.Could you send me more information about theFestival? When will it be? How many hours a daywould I have to work?

I think I would be a good person for this type ofwork because I was born in the city and I can givevery good information to tourists. I can speakboth Spanish and English. I have experience intourism because I worked on a sightseeing bus inthis city for three months last summer.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,

Ximina Galán

ANSWER KEY

1e 2a 3c

ANSWER KEY

1 InterRail started in 1972 on the 50th

anniversary of the International RailwayUnion.

2 Some thought the tickets were tooexpensive and many students just didn’ttake to the idea. But they gradually caughton, especially in northern Europe.

3 The tickets were too expensive for youngpeople from some European countries,especially after many of the easternEuropean countries joined the scheme.

4 Young Czechs simply weren’t as well off asyoung Germans.

5 Spain and Italy tended to receive morevisitors than Hungary, for example.

3 Proper nouns with capital letters are, likenumbers, easy to spot in a text. Students need torecognise links between proper nouns in the taskand in the text as this will allow them to findwhere an answer is located quickly. Underliningkey words in the task and the text is a good wayto develop this skill.

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New horizons3



False friends

1 Replace the false friends with the correctwords from the box.

attend news sensitivebookshop relatives studies

1 How many times a week do you assist Englishclass? ____________

2 I have a lot of parents in South America.____________

3 We were sent to the library to buy adictionary. ____________

4 Lynn is so sensible about things. She is soeasily offended. ____________

5 When Jason finishes his career, he would liketo do volunteer work in Africa. ____________

6 Did you hear the notices today?____________

Phrasal verbs

2 Match the phrasal verbs to the definitions. 1 set off2 get back3 come in 4 grow up5 fall off6 look forward to 7 take off8 get over

a remove clothesb start a journeyc recover fromd returne enterf be excited about

something in the futureg separate from something h become more mature


Present Perfect for experience

3 Complete the questions with the correct formof the Present Perfect. 1 Ron ______ ______ (meet) a famous person.

Have you?2 Jerry _____ never ________ (ride) a scooter.

Have you?3 Alice _____ _______ (visit) a foreign country.

Have you?4 Robert ______ _____ (win) a prize. Have you?5 Janice _______ never ______ (play) a practical

joke. Have you?6 Clara _____ ______ (be) seasick. Have you?

Present Perfect for giving news

4 Complete the sentences with the correct formof the verb in brackets. 1 A: ______ you ______ the news? (hear)

B: No, what?A: A man from Madrid ______ just ______

into space as a space tourist! (go)B: No kidding?

2 A: ______ you ______ the news on TV? (see)B: No, what happened?A: A scientist ______ ______ a cure for

cancer. (discover)B: Fantastic!

Present Perfect for duration

5 Choose the correct option in each sentence. 1 She has been playing a game on the

computer for three hours / seven o’clock.2 We have been studying English for 2000 / six

years.3 They have been doing the exam for five

o’clock / two and a half hours.4 She has been looking for a job since January /

six months.5 She has been playing the piano since three

years / 2003.6 He has been singing in a choir since four

years / he was ten years old.

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New horizons3


The InterRail ticket is a special train ticket that you can useto travel by rail all over Europe. It is especially popular withschool leavers on a gap year and university students.Young people have been ‘interrailing’ for over 40 years.InterRail started in 1972 on the 50th anniversary of theInternational Railway Union. The idea behind thetickets was that they would bring together youngpeople from all over the continent and promote cheaptravel. The tickets gave their holders unlimited travel onthe railway systems of participating countries for awhole month.However, the tickets were not a great success at first.Some thought the tickets were too expensive and manystudents just didn’t take to the idea. But they graduallycaught on, especially in northern Europe. In the 1970sonly about 10,000 people ‘interrailed’, but by 1992 there

were 360,000 people who had used the tickets. Most‘interrailers’ come from Germany, followed by GreatBritain, the Benelux countries and Sweden.The price of the ticket has changed over the years.Originally there was one fare for all travellers, but thiscaused problems since the tickets were too expensivefor young people from some European countries,especially after many of the eastern European countriesjoined the scheme in the 1990s. Young Czechs simplyweren’t as well off as young Germans.Another problem was that lots of ‘interrailers’ went tothe same countries. Spain and Italy tended to receivemore visitors than Hungary, for example. So, in 1993 thesystem was changed so that the countries with themost popular destinations received more of the ticketrevenue than others.

Tune in to ReadingInterRail

Strategy 1: Scanning for information

1 Look through the text quickly to find what these numbers and dates refer to.1 360,000 2 50 3 10,000 4 1993 5 40 6 1972

Strategy 2: Using key words to findanswers

2 Read the questions below and underline thekey words in each, as in the example.1 Why were the tickets introduced?2 Why were the tickets not popular at first?3 Which nationalities use the tickets most?4 How were the tickets reformed in 1993?

Now find the answers to the questions in thetext.1 ________________________________________2 ________________________________________3 ________________________________________4 ________________________________________

To find specific information in a text, look through the text quickly for key words.

One exam strategy is to underline the keywords in questions to help you find answers.

Strategy 3: Finding specific information

3 Correct the mistake in each sentence. Scanthe text quickly to check your answers.1 InterRail started in 1972 on the 50th

anniversary of the Railway Union International.2 Some thought the tickets were too expensive

and many students just didn’t take to theidea. But they gradually caught on, especiallyin eastern Europe.

3 The tickets were too expensive for youngpeople from some European countries,especially after many of the westernEuropean countries joined the scheme.

4 Young Swedes simply weren’t as well off asyoung Germans.

5 Spain and Italy tended to receive morevisitors than Holland, for example.

Proper nouns are words that start with acapital letter (ABC, etc.). When you have aquestion with a proper noun, scan the textquickly to find the words with capital letters.

InterRail

5

10

15

InterRail

20

25

30

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New horizons3


3 Complete the letter for the job advertisementbelow.

1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 I been studying at this school for twelve

years.2 I am living here since 1998.3 I am interested in to work with your

organisation.4 I have seen some informations in the

newspaper.5 I have 17 years old.6 I am looking forward to hear from you.

2 Order the paragraphs a-d in the letter from 1-4.

Tune in to WritingA formal letter

Gran Vía 44Madrid

Spain31 May 2006

Dear Sir or Madam,

____ I saw your advertisement online asking for peopleto work with the elderly. I have worked as a volunteer ina church organisation in Madrid helping elderly peopleand I am very interested in working with older patients.

____ Finally, although I have seen some information on your web page, I would also like to ask some furtherquestions. Where is the hospital and how many hours a day would I have to work?

____ I am writing to you to ask about your voluntaryorganisation because I am interested in working for yourcharity in the summer. My name is Javier García and Iam 17 years old.

____ I think I have the right type of character to workwith older patients, as I am quite open and friendly andI am also a very patient person. At present, I have justfinished my last year of school and I will start myuniversity studies next year. I would like to studyMedicine.I am looking forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,Javier García

___________ (your address)

___________ (your city)

15 June ___________ (year)

Dear Sir or Madam,

My name is ______________________ and I amwriting to ask you about ____________________. I am _______ years old and I am interested in______________________________________________________________________________.

I have seen some information on your web page. Could yousend me more information about ______________________________________________________?______________________________________?______________________________________?

I think I would be a good person for this type of workbecause _________________________________.I can ____________________________________.I have experience in ________________________________________________________________.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,_______________________ (your full name)

Volunteers neededThe City Film Festival needs help.We are showing fifty films in the city centre in August and weexpect 100,000 visitors. We need local people to work in aninformation office giving advice on the town, hotels,restaurants and the films we will be showing. Volunteersshould be able to speak Spanish and English.If you are interested, please visit:www.cityfilmfestival.es

a

c

b

d

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New horizons3


2 Interview your partner. 1 Have you ever done any of the activities mentioned in the article or in the pictures?2 Would you like to do any of these activities? Why or why not?3 What can you learn from each of these types of gap year?4 If you did any of these jobs, what would you worry about?5 Where would you like to go if you could go anywhere in the world?

Tune in to Culture Gap years

1 Read about gap year experiences. Match three of the pictures with the paragraphs 1-3.

A gap year is a period of time thatstudents take between finishing schooland starting university. Many studentstravel, others do international volunteerwork and some enjoy a working holiday.A relatively new concept in the USA,there are organisations like OutwardBound which organise wildernessexperiences. Citizens of the UK takeadvantage of programmes in Canada,Australia and New Zealand, withvolunteering in Africa becoming more and more popular.There are many different and excitingexperiences awaiting you abroad. Read

about three teenagers and the type oftravel experiences they had.

___Melinda Clarke is an Americanteenager who was a volunteer in anAfrican village where she taught Englishand computer skills. She has some advicefor teens wanting to volunteer abroad:

• realise that you won’t have all of thecomforts of home.

• understand that you can’t changepeople’s lives in a short trip, but youcan contribute something.

___Charles Warren is an Australianwho has been an intern for six months ina science institute in Germany, where he

has had to work very long hours. Eventhough he was working with peoplemuch older than himself, he has plannedto stay on in Germany working for acompany in Cologne because he hasenjoyed his experience so much.

___An exciting way to work all overthe world is to take a job on a cruiseship. Sharon Paulson has visited Mexico,Cuba, the USA and many othercountries. She works as a waitress, soshe works long hours. She has somedays free to tour the cities where thecruise ship stops, but often she has towork during the day.

Travelling to a different tune

a b c

d e f

1

2

3

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Visions TEACHER’S NOTES4

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This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page 31of the Student’s Book. It further develops strategiesthat students can use when they meet unknownvocabulary in texts. In the exam students may getvery distracted, even panicked, by words they donot understand, so they need to be aware that thereare plenty of approaches they can use which willhelp them to guess what these words mean.

1 When confronted by a new word, it can be usefulfor students to start by deciding what part ofspeech it is. This may be indicated by suffixes.Students have encountered noun suffixes onpage 32 of the Student’s Book.

2 Once students have decided what part ofspeech a word is, they can use the context inwhich the word is used to help them guess themeaning. Students need to be encouraged tolook at sentences and phrases that occur beforeand after the word itself as it is these sentencesand phrases which will establish context.

ANSWER KEY

1 adventure holiday2 powerboat3 cellphone

4 backpack5 sunglasses6 daredevil

ANSWER KEY

1 environment2 demonstration3 optimist

4 Humidity5 community6 investigation

3 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary box onpage 35 of the Student’s Book. Note thatsalesperson and firefighter are written as oneword, whereas the other answers are twowords. Students need to be aware of thisaspect of spelling when learning new words.


ANSWER KEY

1 art teacher2 salesperson3 film director

4 taxi driver5 firefighter6 palm reader

ANSWER KEY

1 I’ll be working as a doctor in Africa or India.2 I’m going to study Medicine.3 It’ll take about twelve years!4 Of course. I’ll love it.

ANSWER KEY

1 technology = noun. Students know this is anoun because of the suffix -ology.

2 subsidise = verb. Students know this is averb because of the ending -ise. Note thatwords ending -ise may also be spelt -ize,which is the US spelling, e.g. subsidize.

3 exploration = noun. Students know this is anoun because of the suffix -ation.

4 weightless = adjective. Students know this isan adjective because of the suffix -less,which means without.

5 environment = noun. Students know this is anoun because of the suffix -ment.


ANSWER KEY

1 will have completed2 will have discovered3 will be putting

4 will have changed5 will have heard6 will be travelling

ANSWER KEY

1 Into space.2 new, modern, up-to-date3 Yes, you can replace shelled out with paid.

ANSWER KEY

1 based (line 6)2 It’s early days yet (lines 16-17)3 genuine (line 24)4 drawbacks (line 29)5 screenings (line 44)6 arduous (line 48)

3 Remember to ask the students to look at thesentences before and after the new word.

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This reviews the Writing section on pages 36-37 ofthe Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting an opinion essay.

1 Students insert three sentences into the text.Draw students’ attention to the phrases forexample, in my opinion, and instead insentences 1-3. These phrases all help readersunderstand a text and students should try to usethem in their own writing.

1 Read the numbers to the class and ask studentsto repeat them.

2 Students work in pairs. Students write numbers in figures in the left-hand column. Encourage thestudents to choose large numbers with severalfigures after the decimal point, for example1,398.415. This will give them plenty of practiceof a confusing part of learning English. Studentsthen exchange numbers without looking at theirpartner’s paper, and complete the right-handcolumn of their table with their partner’snumbers. Finally, they compare their answers.

3 Students match the symbols to the terms. Afourth symbol which is not used in the followingexercises is ÷, which is said as divide by.


This Tune in to Culture page, Mathematical termsin English, deals with numbers and mathematics.This is an important area to study in English asmany of the numerical conventions used in Spainare not the same in the English-speaking world.Students begin with two activities aimed atpractising numbers, commas and decimal points.Then they proceed to practising numbers of theirown choice in pairs. After that, students reviseordinal numbers as well as the way dates are usedin the USA and the UK.

4 Tell students that in the UK dates are readday/month/year. In the US the dates are readmonth/day/year. Write a few dates on the boardand have students practise saying the dates.Remind students that they need to use ordinalnumbers when reading dates. It may be useful toreview the ordinal numbers 1-10, 20 and 30 onthe board:1 first2 second3 third4 fourth

5 This is a fun pairwork practice. Students work inpairs. Ask students not to tell each other theirbirthday until they have completed the game.Note that the answer is given month + day as inthe USA. It may be necessary to warn studentsabout this before they start.As a follow-up, ask students if they know anymore games like this. If so, ask students to tellthe game instructions to the class.

2 Students divide the text up into paragraphs.Paragraphing is an essential skill that studentsneed to develop. Paragraphing is also covered inUnit 1’s Tune in to Writing worksheet on page 8of this Resource Book.

ANSWER KEY

First paragraph begins: ‘I think that all spaceexploration should be ended.’Second paragraph begins: ‘First of all, billions ofdollars are spent each year on missions toexplore the surface of Mars…’Third paragraph begins: ‘Secondly, there aremany other problems that need attention…’

3 Students write a concluding paragraph. It mightbe useful to direct students back to the opinionessay on page 36 of the Student’s Book, whichcan provide a model for this task.

MODEL ANSWER

In conclusion, the problems here on Earth are not going to go away unless we do somethingabout them. We need to act now and dedicatemoney to people, not space exploration.

ANSWER KEY

1c 2b 3a

ANSWER KEY

x multiply by – subtract … from+ add … to

5 fifth6 sixth7 seventh8 eighth

9 ninth10 tenth20 twentieth30 thirtieth

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Compound nouns

1 Complete the sentences. Use the words inthe box.

backpack daredevil adventure holidaycellphone powerboat sunglasses

1 We are going on an ___________ in Africa.We are going climbing, rafting andmountaineering.

2 The ___________ moved at an amazing speedacross the lake.

3 I couldn’t call because I had lost my__________.

4 You should carry a light __________ whentravelling round Europe by train.

5 You should wear __________ in the brightdaylight.

6 He rides a motorcycle and he’s a real___________. He does loads of dangerousthings on it.

Noun suffixes

2 Correct the endings of the words in bold. 1 Greenpeace is concerned with taking care of

the environmism.2 The teacher gave us a demonstrament of

how to do the science experiment.3 An optimation is a person who always sees

the good side of things.4 Humidation is the amount of water in the air.5 I live in a really nice communiment where

everyone knows everyone else.6 Scientific investigament is a way of

discovering new medicines.

Jobs

3 Join the words together to form names ofprofessions. 1 art person ________________2 sales driver ________________3 film reader ________________4 taxi fighter ________________5 fire director ________________6 palm teacher ________________


Future forms

4 Complete the dialogue with the sentences inthe box.

Of course. I’ll love it.I’m going to study Medicine.It’ll take about twelve years!I’ll be working as a doctor in Africa or India.

1 Alex: What will you be doing ten years fromnow?Carmen: ________________________________

2 Alex: What are you going to do after youfinish school?Carmen: ________________________________

3 Alex: How long will it take to become adoctor?Carmen: ________________________________

4 Alex: Are you sure you will like studyingMedicine?Carmen: ________________________________

Future Perfect and Future Continuous

5 Complete the sentences with the correct formof the verb in brackets. 1 By this time next year, I ________ one year of

my Biology course. (complete)2 By the end of next year, scientists _______ a

cure for this terrible disease. (discover)3 This time tomorrow, the newspapers

________ the photos on their website. (put)4 By the time you come back from university,

things ______ a lot. (change)5 By the end of next week, everyone ________

the news. (hear)6 This time ten years from now, tourists

__________ regularly into space. (travel)

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Holidays in space– a thing of the future? Not atall. Space Adventures hasbeen sending tourists intoorbit for some time now. Thecompany, based in Virginia, USA,has established a partnershipwith the official Russian spaceprogramme and is usingcutting-edge Russian spacetechnology and facilities atStar City outside Moscow.The Russians for their partare using this space tourismto subsidise the costs of theirspace exploration. It’s earlydays yet, but so far thepartnership is working well.

Space travel is not yet anoption for most holiday makers.But just imagine for a momentthat money is no object, what doSpace Adventures have to offer?

The only genuine space holidayon offer so far is SpaceAdventures’ trip to theInternational Space Station.Sounds fun? There are a fewdrawbacks. First and foremost,the $20 million airfare – onlypeople like software billionaireCharles Simonyi have shelledout for tickets so far.

Then there’s the six-monthtraining programme. Spacetourists are not exactly

passengers on these trips. Theyhave to train alongsideprofessional astronauts andlearn how to use incrediblyadvanced technology, as well ashow to work hard in a weightlessenvironment. There are regularmedical screenings to check thatthe space tourist is physicallycapable of making the journey.Much of this training takes theform of arduous simulations sothe tourists gain experience ofthe space environment. Thesesimulations include underwaterspace walks in the hydrolab – anenormous water tank. Thesetrips are anything but relaxing.

Tune in to ReadingAdventure in space

Strategy 1: Parts of speech

1 Find the words in the text and decide if theyare verbs, nouns or adjectives. How do youknow? 1 technology (paragraph 1)2 subsidise (paragraph 1)3 exploration (paragraph 1)4 weightless (paragraph 4)5 environment (paragraph 4)

Strategy 2: Guessing meaning fromcontext

2 Look at the sentences and phrases in bold inthe text and answer the questions.1 If you send people into orbit, where do you

send them?2 What thing is cutting-edge describing? If

something is cutting-edge, it is very_________.

3 Can you replace shelled out with one word?

It is easier to guess the meaning of words ifyou know what part of speech they are.

Strategy 3: Guessing unknown words

3 Find words or phrases in the text whichmean: 1 where something is located (paragraph 1)2 at the beginning of a project (paragraph 1)3 true, real (paragraph 3)4 problems, difficulties (paragraph 3)5 examinations (paragraph 4)6 very hard and difficult (paragraph 4)

Use the context of the sentence to guess themeaning of new words.

5

10

15

20

40

45

50

25

30

35

There will often be unknown words in a text.Remember to use the sentences before andafter the word to help you guess its meaning.

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Visions4


1 Read the opinion essay. Put these sentences into the correct gaps a-c.1 For example, people in Africa are dying of hunger and thirst.2 In my opinion, this money could be better used for other things.3 We need to concentrate on the problems we have here on Earth instead.

2 Now divide the opinion essay into three paragraphs.

3 Write a conclusion to the opinion essay. Give your own opinion. (25 words) In conclusion, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Tune in to WritingAn opinion essay

surface of Mars or to study Saturn and its

rings. ________________________.

Medicines to combat AIDS are very

expensive, but they prolong lives and protect

the immune system. Money from the space

programme could easily be used to reduce

the price of medicine in the developing

world. In addition, money should be invested

in research to cure and control terrible

diseases, such as tuberculosis, typhoid and

malaria. Secondly, there are a lot of other

problems that need attention.

________________________. We need to

provide the technology and the know-how so

that people in these countries can develop

their own programmes to control their food

and water supply.

c

b

End space

exploration!

I think that all space exploration should be

ended. ________________________. For

example, not enough money is spent on

medicine, especially health problems in the

Developing World. AIDS and malaria are

killing people in Developing Countries. What’s

more, many people in these countries do not

even have basics such as clean drinking

water. People in richer countries should

contribute more to help solve these global

problems. First of all, billions of dollars are

spent each year on missions to explore the

a

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Read

2,000

450,000

4,000,000

1,654,392

Say

two thousand

four hundred and fifty thousand

four million

one million, six hundred andfifty-four thousand, threehundred and ninety-two

My numbers My partner’s numbers

Read

0.5

12.06

33.25

99.456

Say

oh point five / zero point five

twelve point zero six

thirty-three point two five

ninety-nine point four five six

Tune in to Culture Mathematical terms in English

1 Saying numbers correctly is important when talking about technology. a A comma is used to indicate thousands and

millions.

2 Write four long numbers with decimals in the table. Now exchange this information with a partner.

3 Match the symbols to the terms. x subtract … from– add … to+ multiply by

4 Dates. Read the information below.

Remember to use ordinal numbers in dates. 1 January = the first of January the one of January14 March = the fourteenth of March the fourteen of March3 September = the third of September the three of September

Dates are different in UK and US English.UK – 10/12/07 the tenth of December 2007USA – 10/12/07 October twelfth 2007

5 Work in pairs. Do the mathematical game together. I know your birthday!1 Ask your partner the month number of his/her birthday. (January = 1, February = 2, etc.)2 Tell your partner to multiply that number by 5.3 Then add 6.4 Next multiply the total by 4.5 Then add 9.6 Multiply the total by 5.7 Add to this total the number of the day your partner was born.8 Ask your partner for the number.9 Subtract 165 from the number. You will have the month and day of your partner’s birthday (month

first, day second).

b A full stop is used to indicate decimals.

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A good story! TEACHER’S NOTES5

28




1 When reading a story, it can help students if theystart by asking themselves simple questions tofocus on the background. An example of thiscould include employing a journalistic approachby asking the questions: Who, What, Where,When and Why.


This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page 38of the Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofreading intensively when you are interested in all thedetails of a text. In their final exam, students mayneed to read a text in great detail to complete atask. This means they will need plenty of practice ofreading slowly and carefully and using context tohelp them understand difficult sections.

2 It can be tempting to focus only on the maincharacter in a story. But thinking about all thedifferent characters in a story can help studentsto understand a longer text. As a follow-up tothis exercise in class, you could ask differentstudents to read about the different charactersin the text and then role play one of the stories.

ANSWER KEY

1 terrified 2 bored3 confusing

4 exciting5 relaxing6 tired

ANSWER KEY

1c2b

3d4a

5f6e


3 This exercise reviews the Grammar box on page41 of the Student’s Book. Note that far has twopossible comparative and superlative forms:further, furthest and farther, farthest.

ANSWER KEY

1 The heroine is a woman whose husband hasdied.

2 Hamlet was written by Shakespeare, whoalso wrote Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet.

3 London is the city where Dickens lived.4 Bram Stoker was a nineteenth-century

author, whose most famous book is Dracula. 5 The author had two brothers, who were

born in Ireland.6 George Orwell wrote Nineteen Eighty-Four

in 1948, when communism was very strongin Europe.

ANSWER KEY

1 most beautiful2 best3 further/farther

ANSWER KEY

Story 1The first story, which is in the secondparagraph, is about a burglar called J. Ealey.1 A burglary.2 In a house in Detroit.3 Because the burglar took his dog to the

burglary and the dog helped the police tocatch him.

Story 2The second story, which is in the thirdparagraph, is about a pair of British car thieves.1 A car theft.2 In the UK.3 Because the thieves tried to sell the car to

the person they stole it from.Story 3The third story, which is in the fourthparagraph, is about a man who attempts torob a shop.1 A robbery.2 In a shop in Southampton (a city on the south

coast of England).3 Because the thief spent more money than he

stole.

ANSWER KEY

1 The police found the burglar’s dog andtold it to go home. They then followed thedog and found the burglar.

2 The owner recognised his car when thethieves tried to sell it back to him. The textimplies that he contacted the police toreport the crime.

3 The shop assistant opened the cashregister to get change for the £10 note.

4 warmer5 worst6 taller

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29


This reviews the Writing section on pages 44-45 ofthe Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting a biography.

1 Students choose the correct words to completethe sentences. Note that Burma is the formername of modern-day Myanmar. However, Burmais still commonly used in English to describe thiscountry, especially in a historical context such ashere. Point out to students that biographiesoften include the same sort of information. Theycan learn common sentences to help them writethis kind of text.


This Tune in to Culture page, Book quiz, testsstudents’ knowledge of classic and modernliterature. It is followed by group work aboutstudents’ reading habits. The cartoons on thispage depict William Shakespeare, SherlockHolmes and Long John Silver (from Stevenson’sTreasure Island).

1 Students work in pairs to answer the questions inthe quiz as quickly as possible. Then read out theanswers. Students may question the answer to 5,as Anne Frank lived most of her life inAmsterdam. While she moved with her familyfrom Germany to Holland to escape the Naziregime, she was actually born in Frankfurt.

2 Students work in large groups asking otherstudents the questions. At the end, put theresults from the whole class on the board. Findout the class results of the survey.

2 Students place the relative clauses in the correctplaces in the text. Point out to students thatwhen presenting a lot of information in a text,relative clauses become very useful.

ANSWER KEY

1b where he read classic adventure novels byauthors such as Alexander Dumas

2d where he worked as a war correspondent3e which is the story of a painting restorer

called Julia4c which have become his most famous works5a which was filmed in 2006

3 Students use the information given to write amini-biography of William Shakespeare. Set alimit of 60 words for this activity.

MODEL ANSWER

William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England on 26 April 1564. He livedin Stratford-upon-Avon and London, where hewrote famous works such as Hamlet, Romeo andJuliet and Macbeth. He wrote 37 plays, whichwere inspired by Roman history, English history,and Italian stories. He died on 23 April 1616.

ANSWER KEY

1 born2 from, to3 inspired

4 working5 was fighting6 died

ANSWER KEY

1a 2b

3c4a

5a6c

7c8a

9b10c

3 Once the students have understood the eventsof the story, they will be able to use theirunderstanding of the context to guess themeaning of unknown words.

ANSWER KEY

1 The burglar broke into the house. Break intomeans to enter a house illegally to steal things.

2 It started going home. Set off means to starttravelling on a journey.

3 The police caught and arrested Mr Ealey.The police arrest someone when they catchthem and take them to the police station.

4 The shop assistant opened the till, which hadmoney in it. The till is the machine in a shopwhich holds money and tells shop assistantshow much money to give as change, etc.

5 The thief grabbed all the money in the tilland ran away. To grab means to takesomething quickly with your hand.

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A good story!5



Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

1 Complete the sentences with the adjectives inthe box.

bored confusing exciting relaxing terrified tired

1 The book was very scary. I was __________! 2 I wasn’t interested in the film at all. I was

__________ by it.3 The explanation was __________, and the

students didn’t understand it.4 The novel had an __________ ending. The

hero was almost killed!5 They had a __________ day on the beach,

lying in the sun and swimming in the sea.6 Henry was __________ after a long day’s

work.

About books

2 Match the words with the definitions. 1 plot2 critic3 heroine4 library5 the twist6 paperback


Comparisons

3 Correct the sentences by changing theadjective in bold into the comparative orsuperlative form.1 Norway has the beautiful scenery I’ve ever

seen. ____________2 This is the good book I’ve ever read.

____________3 Cádiz is far away from Madrid than

Barcelona. ____________4 The water in the Mediterranean Sea is warm

than the water in the Atlantic Ocean.____________

5 What is the bad film you have ever seen?____________

6 The Sears Tower is tall than the Empire StateBuilding. ____________

Relative clauses

4 Join these sentences using the relativepronoun in brackets. 1 The heroine is a woman. Her husband has

died. (whose)________________________________________

2 Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. He alsowrote Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet. (who)________________________________________

3 London is the city. Dickens lived there.(where)________________________________________

4 Bram Stoker was a nineteenth-centuryauthor. His most famous book is Dracula.(whose)________________________________________

5 The author had two brothers. His brotherswere born in Ireland. (who)________________________________________

6 George Orwell wrote Nineteen Eighty-Fourin 1948. At this time communism was verystrong in Europe. (when)________________________________________

a a place where you canborrow books

b the person who writes areview of a book

c the storyd the principal female

character in a literary worke a book with flexible coversf an unexpected change in a

story

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A good story!5


We all know that stealingthings is not right. What issurprising, however, is howeasy it seems to be to get itwrong. Lots of thieves, robbersand burglars are simply notvery good at what they do. Let’slook at some examples ofincompetent crooks.

J. Ealey was a burglar workingin Detroit. One day he plannedto break into a house and tookhis dog with him. Aftersuccessfully breaking in andstealing what he wanted, MrEaley left the scene of the crimebut, unfortunately, he also lefthis dog there. When the policearrived at the house, they foundthe dog. ‘Home, boy!’ thepolice officers ordered the dog,who immediately set off for Mr

Ealey’s house. The policefollowed and were able toarrest Mr Ealey, who had onlyarrived home a few minutesbefore them.

Vernon Drinkwater andRaymond Heap made a basicmistake in May 1976. Havingsuccessfully stolen a car inBlackburn, England, they triedto sell it to the person they hadstolen it from. Not surprisingly,the owner recognised his car,and they were accused of theft.

Another thief who needed toreconsider his approach was arobber from Southampton. This

particular criminal thought hehad invented a brilliant new wayto steal from shops. His idea wasto buy something from the shopand pay for it honestly. Theclever part was that he plannedto steal all the money from thetill when the shop assistantopened it to get change.Everything went to plan at first.The thief went to the cash deskand handed over a ten-poundnote for some shopping. As hehoped, the shop assistant openedthe cash register to get change.When the till was open, the thiefgrabbed all the money in the tilland ran away. Unfortunately,there was only £4.37 in the till,so the thief lost £5.63!

So it seems that the old sayingis true. Crime doesn’t pay.

Tune in to ReadingCrime stories

Strategy 1: Understanding the setting

1 Read the text. It includes three stories aboutcrimes. For each story answer the questions. 1 What sort of crime is committed?2 Where does the crime happen?3 Why is the story funny?

Strategy 2: Characters

2 Read the three stories again. 1 In the first story, what do the police do?2 In the second story, what does the owner of

the car do?3 In the third story, what does the shop

assistant do?

Stories are often about people, so it canhelp you to follow the story if youconcentrate on what the characters do.

When reading intensively, it can help yourcomprehension if you get an idea of thebackground to the text first. This isespecially true when reading a story.

Strategy 3: Guessing meaning fromcontext

3 Use what you know about the stories and thequestions below to guess what these wordsmean. 1 to break into (line 12)

In the story, who broke into a house?2 to set off (line 22)

When the dog set off, what did it start doing?3 to arrest (line 25)

Who arrested Mr Ealey?4 till (line 47)

Who opened the till and what was in it?5 grabbed (line 56)

What did the thief grab? What did he do next?

Once you have understood what happens ina story, this will probably help you to guesswhat some of the difficult words mean.

5

10

15

20

45

50

55

60

25

30

35

Crime stories40

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A good story!5


Tune in to WritingA biography

1 Complete the sentences about George Orwell with the correct words.1 George Orwell was borned / born in India.2 Orwell lived in Burma from / of 1922 of / to 1927.3 His experiences in Burma was inspired / inspired him to write Burmese Days.4 After work / working for the BBC, he published Animal Farm.5 While he was fighting / fought in the Spanish Civil War, he was wounded in the throat.6 He dead / died on 21 January 1950.

2 Complete the biography of the author Arturo Pérez-Reverte with the relative clauses in the box.

a which was filmed in 2006b where he read classic adventure novels by authors such as Alexander Dumasc which have become his most famous worksd where he worked as a war correspondent e which is the story of a painting restorer called Julia

Arturo Pérez-Reverte was born in 1951 in Cartagena. Asa child he spent a lot of time reading in his grandfather’slibrary, 1_________________________. After studyingPolitical Science and Journalism, he began working as anewspaper reporter. He lived abroad from 1973 to1994. This meant travelling to countries in Africa, Europeand South America, 2_________________________. While he was working as a journalist, he began writingnovels. Eventually, in 1994, he gave up journalism todedicate his time exclusively to writing. His first bookswere thrillers and historical novels like The FlandersPanel, 3_________________________ who discovers aninscription on a Flemish painting. His bitter experiencesas a war correspondent inspired him to write such books as Territorio Comanche.In 1994 he began writing the Captain Alatriste books, 4_________________________. The third in theseries, El Sol de Breda, has been translated into nineteen languages. The film of the series, CaptainAlatriste, 5_________________________, has also been a success.

3 Write a mini-biography of William Shakespeare using the notes below.

William Shakespeare

Born: 26 April 1564 (Stratford-upon-Avon, England)

Died: 23 April 1616

Number of plays: 37

Lived: Stratford-upon-Avon and London

Famous works: Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, and many more

Inspiration: Roman history (the plays Julius Caesar and Anthony and Cleopatra)

English history (Richard III)

Italian stories (Romeo and Juliet)

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A good story!5


Tune in to Culture Book quiz

1 Which Spanish author died in the same yearas Shakespeare?a Cervantesb Quevedoc Lope de Vega

2 Arthur Conan Doyle invented the heroSherlock Holmes. What was Conan Doyle’sjob?a journalistb doctorc detective

3 What does the J.K. in J.K. Rowling stand for?a Judith Karenb Janice Kristinec Joanne Kathleen

4 Who is the best-selling author of children’s books?a R.L. Stine of the Goosebumps seriesb J.K. Rowling of the Harry Potter series c Lemony Snicket of the A Series of

Unfortunate Events series

1 Work in pairs to answer the questions in the Book quiz. How fast can you answer them? 5 Where was Anne Frank, the author of

The Diary of a Young Girl, born?a Germanyb Hollandc Belgium

6 Who was the author of Frankenstein?a Lord Byronb Jane Austenc Mary Shelley

7 Which detective was not created by AgathaChristie?a Hercule Poirotb Miss Marplec Philip Marlowe

8 What is the longest novel in the world?a Remembrance of Things Past by Marcel

Proustb The Name of the Rose by Umberto Ecoc The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien

9 Which book did Robert Louis Stevenson notwrite?a Treasure Islandb David Copperfieldc The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde

10 Who was the author of The Chronicles ofNarnia?a Edgar Allan Poeb Charles Dickensc C.S. Lewis

2 Take a survey. Work in groups to ask and answer these questions. • Do you like reading?• How many books do you read in one month?• Who is your favourite author?• What is your favourite book?

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Sleep on it! TEACHER’S NOTES6

34



2 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary from thetext Teens need sleep on page 46 of theStudent’s Book, as well as dream which appearsin the Vocabulary box on page 48 of theStudent’s Book. Before they do the crossword,point out to students that the answer to 3 downis a hyphenated word of three and two letters(the answer is lie-in).



This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page47 of the Student’s Book. It further develops theskills of inferring. In their final exam students maybe asked to interpret the position of an author. It isimportant therefore that they develop the ability toinfer meaning from a long text, where an author’sargument might not be completely obvious.

1 Finding information in a text to justify statementsis a common skill in the final exam and this is atechnique students will need to master.

2 There are a number of techniques students canuse to help them guess the meaning of newwords, such as looking at the surrounding textand guessing what the missing word might be.

ANSWER KEY

1 I can’t make the decision now. I’ll have tosleep on it.

2 Don’t be such a sleepyhead! Get up now!3 My friends are coming to my house to sleep

over tonight.4 I wanted to talk to you last night, but you

were fast asleep.5 I’m so happy it’s Saturday and I can sleep in.6 I need to go to bed to get my beauty sleep.

ANSWER KEY

3 Students examine a section of the text where alot of information is to be inferred by the reader.

ANSWER KEY

The writer shows us he disagrees with what heis writing by putting ‘sleepwalking’ in invertedcommas.He also says he needed more information.In reporting public ideas, the doctor says‘many people believe’, which shows he doesnot include himself in this group.He uses ‘in fact’ before correcting theinformation that many people believe.

ANSWER KEY

1 With sleepwalking many people believe whatthey see in films and cartoons, that thesleepwalker walks around with his hands outand eyes closed. In fact ‘sleepwalking’ canmean many things. (lines 7-10)

2 His mother said that it was just a phase hewas going through. (lines 16-17)

3 Both of these explanations were interesting,but I wasn’t entirely sure that they explainedthe situation. (lines 21-23)

4 Often sleepwalking can be caused by stressand so there was a possible connection here.(lines 27-29)

5 It was not clear whether this would be a certainsolution to the problem, but I felt that it wasworth a try as a first attempt. (lines 32-34)

POSSIBLE ANSWERS

At home: I have to clean up my room. I can havefriends to sleep over. I can/can’t have parties.I have to do/don’t have to the washing up. I have to/don’t have to take out the rubbish.

At school: I have to take exams. I have to/don’thave to have lunch in the school building. I can have lunch in the school building. I haveto/don’t have to wear a uniform. I can playsports. I can’t play sports (because I have abroken arm.) I can’t shout in class.

When driving: You must stop at traffic lights. You must wear a seat belt. You mustn’t goover the speed limit. You must stop at zebracrossings. You mustn’t use a mobile phone.

ANSWER KEY

1b2g

The words have the same meaning in the text asin the exercise.

a p

a z yd

r

a

m

l

i

i

n

d e p r s s e d

n

o

o

z

e

a d o l e s c e n t

3f4d

5c6e

7a

1 2

34

5

6

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35


This reviews the Writing section on pages 52-53 ofthe Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting a for and against essay.

1 Students read the statements and complete thechart.

2 Students read the text and choose the correctexpressions or linking expressions. All of theexpressions in the text were covered in theStudent’s Book on page 53.

3 Before they correct the mistakes, the studentsclassify the kinds of mistakes that have beenmade. This skill was also looked at on page 52of the Student’s Book, and the Tune in toWriting worksheet for Unit 1 on page 8 of thisResource Book.

ANSWER KEY

1 For that reason2 However3 On the one hand4 as a result

5 Consequently6 On the other hand7 In my opinion8 What is more

ANSWER KEY

Many parents thinks = GrThere are good arguments for and against thisopinion? = Pit is not aceptable = Spteenagers are enough old to decide = Wono one should put no labels = Gr

4 Students correct the mistakes that theyanalysed in exercise 3.

ANSWER KEY

Many parents think There are good arguments for and against thisopinion.…it is not acceptable…teenagers are old enough to decide…no one should put labels

ANSWER KEY

Should rock music be labelled as to violence andbad language?

For Against

1, 3, 4 2, 5, 6


This Tune in to Culture page, Idioms quiz,introduces various idiomatic expressions. Theseexpressions include words from the Student’sBook Unit 6, especially the Mind and bodyvocabulary box on page 48. Students need to beaware of the existence of idioms and havestrategies available for understanding them whenthey appear.

1 Students work in pairs to answer the quiz. Notethat probably all of these idioms will be new, soencourage students to use the rest of the modeldialogue to guess the answers that they do notknow.

2 In small groups, students compare these idiomsto those in their own language.

ANSWER KEY

1b2a

3c4a

5b6c

7b

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Sleep on it!6



Expressions with sleep

1 Correct the sleep expressions in thesentences.1 I can’t make the decision now. I’ll have to

sleep in it.2 Don’t be such a sleepybrain! Get up now!3 My friends are coming to my house to

sleeping over tonight.4 I wanted to talk to you last night, but you

were fast sleep.5 I’m so happy it’s Saturday and I can sleep on.6 I need to go to bed to get my beautiful sleep.

Crossword

2 Read the clues and complete the crossword.


Modal verbs

3 Write true sentences about you using the prompts. Then tell a partner your sentences. Are theycorrect?

Across1 another word for a young adult or teenager3 if you don’t work hard or you spend all day

in bed you are ______5 an adjective that means feeling very unhappy6 a short sleep during the day

Down2 make another word for sleep from these

letters: zoosen3 to stay in bed longer than usual (two words:

3-2)4 to see pictures in your mind when you are

asleep

At home

At school

When driving you

I have todon’t have tocancan’t

have todon’t have tocancan’t

mustmustn’t

stop at traffic lights.wear a seat belt.go over the speed limit.stop at zebra crossings.use a mobile phone.

take exams.have lunch in the school building.wear a uniform.play sports.shout in class.

clean up my room.have friends to sleep over. have parties.do the washing up.take out the rubbish.

1 2

34

5

6

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37

Sleep on it!6


When Steven was twelve years old, he started sleepwalking. Onenight he was sleeping perfectly normally and the next he was outof bed and moving around the house. After a week or so of thishappening, Steven’s parents came to me and asked my advice.

Steven’s parents had told me that he was ‘sleepwalking’, but Ineeded more information. I needed to know what exactly Stevenwas doing. With sleepwalking many people believe what they seein films and cartoons, that the sleepwalker walks around with hishands out and eyes closed. In fact ‘sleepwalking’ can mean manythings. In Steven’s case I learnt that he sometimes walked out ofhis room, down the stairs and then went back to bed. More oftenthough he used to jump out of bed, and then shout something.By the time his parents arrived to see what was wrong, he wasfast asleep again.

The parents had very different ideas about what was causingthe problem. His mother said that it was just a phase he wasgoing through. She had read that lots of children sleepwalk,

but they stop doing it in later life. The father thought thatSteven wasn’t getting enough exercise during the day, as hespent most of his time watching TV and playing computergames. This was making him sleepwalk at night. Both of theseexplanations were interesting, but I wasn’t entirely sure thatthey explained the situation.

It was only when I spoke to Steven carefully, that I learnt apossible solution. Steven had recently started a new schoolyear with a different teacher. He told me that he had beenfinding the lessons very challenging. Often sleepwalking canbe caused by stress and so there was a possible connectionhere. I suggested to his parents that they sit down as afamily to talk through his worries at school. Hopefully, theycould find a way to help him with his concerns about hisnew class. It was not clear whether this would be a certainsolution to the problem, but I felt that it was worth a try as afirst attempt.

Tune in to ReadingSteven’s sleepwalking

Strategy 1: Inferring meaning

1 Read the text and find the sentences which tell us the following information.1 The writer thinks the public have a false idea of sleepwalking.2 The mother thinks the sleepwalking is not a major problem.3 The writer doesn’t agree with the parents’ sleepwalking explanations.4 The writer says he is not one hundred percent sure that the sleepwalking is caused by stress.5 The writer thinks his solution might not work, but that there are other ideas that they can try.

To infer meaning from the text, identify which sentences contain the relevant information.

Strategy 2: Inferring meaning from other words

2 Match the words in bold with the definitions. Then find the words in 1-7 in the text. Do they havethe same meaning?1 People often think terrific means very bad. In fact it means excellent.2 Normally I can solve this problem. But in this case I couldn’t do anything. 3 They thought it was just a small protest, nothing to worry about.4 I didn’t entirely understand the explanation. It was confusing.5 We couldn’t sleep over in his house, so we slept in a hotel.6 He spoke with a very strange accent and it wasn’t clear where he came from.7 I didn’t know whether he was asleep or not.

Strategy 3: Looking at paragraphs

When you read a text, try to infer meaning from all the surrounding words.

5

10

15

20

25

30

Doctor’s Casebook: Steven’s Sleepwalking

a ifb actuallyc because of thisd completelye obviousf onlyg example, situation

It is a good idea to look at paragraphs individually, especially at the start of the text. It is at this pointthat writers tell us their own opinions. However, sometimes you will have to infer the meaning.

3 Look at the words in bold in the second paragraph. How does the doctor show he disagrees withthe information that he is providing?

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Sleep on it!6


Tune in to WritingA for and against essay

1 Write the sentences in the correct column of the table.1 It is not acceptable to listen to songs with violent lyrics.2 Many people see no need for this and they consider it censorship.3 They argue that people hear language about violence and then

they commit violent acts.4 Labels can help parents prevent their children listening to music

with these violent messages.5 Teenagers are old enough to decide for themselves which CDs

they want to buy and why.6 No one should put labels on music at all.

Should rock music be labelled as to violence and bad language?

For Against

2 Complete the essay with the correct expressions.

3 Classify the underlined mistakes in the text using the correction code.Grammar (Gr)Spelling (Sp)

Should rock music be labelled as to violence and bad language?

Many parents thinks that music CDs should be labelled if they contain offensive language and incitation to violent

behaviour. 1For that reason / On the one hand, some parents’ organisations have been formed to encourage the use of

labels on CDs with suggestive song lyrics. 2In my opinion / However, many people see no need for this and they consider

it censorship. There are good arguments for and against this opinion?

3On the one hand / On the other hand, many people think it is not aceptable to listen to songs with violent lyrics. They

argue that people hear language about violence and 4as a result / however they commit violent acts. 5Consequently /

However labels can help parents prevent their children from listening to music with these violent messages.

6On the one hand / On the other hand, many people think that changing the cover of a CD without the musicians’

permission is a form of censorship. In addition, the labels are not necessary because teenagers are enough old to decide

for themselves which CDs they want to buy and why.

7In my opinion / However, rock music should not be labelled as to violence and bad language. 8What is more / On the

other hand, no one should put no labels on music at all. Parents should trust their teenagers to buy what they think is

good music and not be concerned about the words.

Punctuation (P) Word order (Wo)

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Sleep on it!6


Tune in to Culture Idioms quiz

1 Work in pairs. Look at the conversations and answer the questions. Can you get all seven questionsright?

2 Do you have the same idioms in your language? Do you know any other idioms using sleep, mind orbody words?

1 STUART: When I leave university, I’m going towork as a film director.

ADAM: In your dreams! You’re going to get a9–5 job like everybody else.

2 WILLIAM: I have to take a Physics exam in June!I’m sure I’m going to fail. What can I do?

YVONNE: There are six months before the exam.You have lots of time to study, and I can helpyou. Don’t lose any sleep over it.

WILLIAM: Thanks, Yvonne.

3 ROB: I don’t know what to do! This computerprogram doesn’t work and nobody knowshow to fix it.

JANICE: Oh! I’ve just had a brainwave! Theprogram we made last year is very similar tothis one. We can use last year’s program andthat will work OK.

ROB: Yes, you’re right!

4 BARBARA: We need a dessert for dinner.CHLOË: I can make a cheesecake.BARBARA: Are you sure? I didn’t know you could

cook.CHLOË: Don’t worry. I can do it with my eyes shut.

5 GEORGIA: Oliver? You keep walking up anddown.

OLIVER: Sorry.GEORGIA: You’ve got something on your mind.

Do you want to talk about it?OLIVER: Yes, I think so. It’s...

6 TEACHER: Eric, are you listening to me?ERIC: Er, sorry?TEACHER: Look, stop daydreaming at the back

of the class and listen to me!

7 HARRIET: Did you hear that Gary won the citytennis tournament?

SIMONE: Yes. He won every game 6-0, 6-0.Amazing. The newspaper said he was headand shoulders above the other players.

Adam says in your dreams because: a he thinks Stuart will become a film director.b he thinks that it is improbable that Stuart will

become a film director.c he thinks Stuart will work hard to become a

film director.

When Yvonne says don’t lose any sleep over it,she means:a don’t worry about it.b work all the time and don’t relax.c don’t work at night.

What is a brainwave?a An old idea.b A complicated idea.c A brilliant idea.

Chloë can make the cheesecake with her eyesshut because:a it’s very easy for her.b it’s a lot of fun.c she doesn’t worry if she makes a mistake.

If you have got something on your mind:a you move around a lot.b you are worried about something.c you are very quiet.

What does to daydream mean?a To have a nap.b To ignore somebody when they are speaking.c To dream when you are awake.

Why was Gary head and shoulders above theother players?a He was taller than the other players.b He was much better than the other players.c He was lucky to win.

An important part of learning a foreign language is to learn idioms. An idiom is a phrase thatexists in one language, but cannot be translated directly into another. For example, took off is anidiom in the sentence: He took off his coat, because take + off in other languages will not havethe same meaning as the English phrasal verb.

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2 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary box onpage 58 of the Student’s Book. Draw students’attention to pre-industrial, ex-president andanti-terrorism, which all have hyphens.



This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page57 of the Student’s Book. It develops the students’skills of identifying the main ideas of a text throughusing topic sentences. In addition, students receivefurther practice of two important skills: using theirknowledge about the topic of a text to help themunderstand, and reading for specific information.

1 When trying to understand a text, students needlots of encouragement to use the knowledgethey already have. This strategy suggests usingword spiders to write down what they knowabout a topic as a way of organising theirthoughts before reading. If students are havingdifficulties brainstorming environmentalproblems, encourage them to think aboutproblems in their own local area. Also referstudents back to the text on the Antarctic onpage 56 of the Student’s Book.

2 This activity shows students the way that topicsentences can support understanding. Studentscan read the topic sentence and then predictthe rest of the paragraph. Discuss students’predictions as a class, but do not correct at thisstage as they will next read the article to checktheir predictions.

3 This activity further develops the skills practisedin the Tune in to Reading worksheet for Unit 3on page 19 of this Resource Book. Rememberto ask the students to underline key words inthe task before reading. Remind them of theuse of capital letters as a way of quickly locatinginformation in a text.

ANSWER KEY

absolutelyboilingenormousexhaustedfreezingimpossiblesoaking

veryhotbigtiredcolddifficultwet

ANSWER KEY

1 supermarket2 pre-industrial3 unequal4 ex-president

5 international6 prehistoric7 microchip8 anti-terrorism

POSSIBLE ANSWERS

ice melting in the Antarctic, global warming,contamination of water, industrial pollution,climate change, danger to ecosystems andwildlife, rising sea levels, flooding, oil pollution

ANSWER KEY

1 Education2 polluted3 Unemployment

4 discrimination5 equal6 environmentalists


ANSWER KEY

1 I’ll call you later.2 they’ll be in first place. 3 she would have gone. 4 she would be able to work in Mexico. 5 he would not have interviewed me. 6 it would solve the water shortage.


ANSWER KEY

1 First conditional: sentences 1, 22 Second conditional: sentences 4, 63 Third conditional: sentences 3, 5


POSSIBLE ANSWERS

1 Jennifer will study cooking if she has time.2 Alan would be elected if he were/was more

popular.3 John would not have quit his job if he had

liked his boss.4 I will watch TV if I finish my homework.5 He wouldn’t tell the story if it weren’t/wasn’t

true.6 If we hadn’t checked the map, we would

have got lost.

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ANSWER KEY

1 False. Inefficient irrigation systems still consumeenormous amounts of water. (lines 3-4)

2 True. The Aral Sea used to have a volume of1,000km3 forty years ago, but now itsvolume is only 110km3. (lines 5-7)

3 False. The water is also being severely pollutedby pesticides and fertilisers. (lines 9-10)

4 True. As the water has disappeared, shipshave been abandoned, stuck on the dry seabed. (lines 16-17)

5 True. …diseases and conditions such astuberculosis and anaemia are on theincrease. (lines 20-21)


1 Students read the essay and put the paragraphsin the correct order.


This Tune in to Culture page, Endangered species,deals with wildlife in Spain and the UK. Check the class understand the meaning ofendangered species. This is an animal species, such as the rhino or tiger, of which few examples exist andwhich could disappear completely in a very short time.

1 Students work in pairs on a jigsaw readinglooking at wildlife. Put the students in pairs. Cutthe photocopies in half and give one half to eachStudent A and the other half to each Student B.Tell students that they are not allowed to look ateach other’s papers. First ask students to readtheir gapped texts, and individually to write thefive questions which will supply their missinginformation. Circulate among students and helpthem with the questions as necessary.

2 Let students work in pairs to ask and answerquestions to complete their texts. At the end ofthe exercise, let students compare theiranswers with the completed texts.

2 It is important to recognise words used forreferencing such as it and this, which cansometimes refer back to a whole sentence orclause. Learning how to use these words cangreatly improve students’ writing as well astheir reading skills.

ANSWER KEY

1c 2d 3b 4a

ANSWER KEY

1 Laws against discrimination and sexualharassment

2 sexual harassment at work3 the law4 their own salary5 Many people think that women are not

discriminated against any more6 there are still cases of sexual harassment at work

3 Students add punctuation to a text.

MODEL ANSWER

POSSIBLE ANSWERS

Student A questions1 Where does the red squirrel (mostly) live?2 How long do they live?3 Why is the red squirrel under threat from the

grey squirrel?4 What kills them?/What does the grey squirrel

carry that kills the red squirrel?5 Who began a programme to control the

numbers of grey squirrels?

Answer key1 In Scotland.2 About three years.3 It is under threat because the grey squirrel

eats all the food available.4 A virus.5 The British government.

Student B questions1 Where does the Iberian lynx live?2 How much does it weigh?3 What does it eat?4 When did their numbers start to decline?5 How many Iberian lynxes were born in

captivity in Doñana Park?

Answer key1 In central and south-western Spain.2 9-13 kilos.3 Rabbits.4 In the 1950s.5 Three.

Bullfighting to be banned in Catalonia

On 22 June members of the Catalan parliamentwill vote on changing a law about cruelty toanimals, which would ban bullfighting there. Inresponse to a petition signed by half a millionpeople, Barcelona declared that it was anti-bullfighting in 2004. Bullfighting fans madea group called Bullfighting defence platform.They want to encourage people to go tobullfights in the Monumental bullring.

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Extreme adjectives

1 Write the adjectives in the correct category: absolutely or very.

big boiling cold difficult enormousexhausted freezing hot impossible

soaking tired wet

Prefixes

2 Use a prefix from the box to complete thewords.

anti ex inter micro pre super un

1 __________ market2 __________ industrial3 __________ equal4 __________ president5 __________ national6 __________ historic7 __________ chip8 __________ terrorism

Word building

3 Complete the sentences with the correct formof the word in brackets.1 __________ is the most important issue today.

(educate)2 The river was __________, but now it is clean.

(pollute)3 __________ is very high: three million people

don’t have work. (employ)4 It is important that immigrants find a country

free of __________. (discriminate)5 Women are fighting for __________ rights.

(equality)6 Nowadays, there are many _________

working to protect the Earth. (environment)


First, second and third conditionals

4 Match the if-clauses with the sentence endings.

she would be able to work in Mexico.she would have gone.

I’ll call you later.they’ll be in first place.

it would solve the water shortage.he would not have interviewed me.absolutely very

1 If I have enough time,________________________________________

2 If the team wins the game,________________________________________

3 If Charlotte had known about the party,________________________________________

4 If Angelica knew Spanish, ________________________________________

5 If the reporter had not seen me, ________________________________________

6 If it rained,________________________________________

5 Categorise the sentences in exercise 4.1 First conditional _____2 Second conditional _____3 Third conditional _____

6 Write conditional sentences using theprompts.1 Jennifer / study / cooking / if / she / have /

time. (First conditional)________________________________________

2 Alan / be elected / if / he / be / morepopular. (Second conditional)________________________________________

3 John / not / quit / his job / if / he / like / hisboss. (Third conditional)________________________________________

4 I / watch / TV / if / I / finish / my homework.(First conditional)________________________________________

5 He / not tell / the story / if / it / not be / true.(Second conditional)________________________________________

6 If we / not check / the map / we / get / lost.(Third conditional)________________________________________

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Tune in to ReadingThe chemical sea

Strategy 1: Using what you know

1 You are going to read a text aboutenvironmental pollution. Brainstorm all thewords you know about environmentalproblems. Complete the word spider.

When you have a complicated text to read,first try to think about everything youalready know about the topic. This is goodpreparation for reading.

Strategy 3: Finding specific information

3 Are the sentences true or false according to the article? Find evidence in the text to support youranswers.1 Because water is precious in the Aral Sea, local people try to protect the water supply. 2 The Aral Sea is getting smaller.3 Local farmers have stopped using fertilisers and pesticides. 4 In some parts of the sea, ships can no longer sail because there is not enough water.5 There are serious health problems developing in the area.

Read the sentences carefully and then identify which part of the text has the answer.

Strategy 2: Using topic sentences

2 Read the topic sentences from the textbelow. What do you think the rest of eachparagraph will be about?

Paragraph one: The shrinking Aral Sea is asevere trouble spot in Kazakhstan andUzbekistan because of over-irrigation andpollution.Paragraph two: The water is also beingseverely polluted by pesticides and fertilisers.Paragraph three: The environmental crisis isquickly becoming a human crisis too.

Now read the article and check your answers.

A topic sentence is the first sentence of aparagraph. When you have a complicatedtext, remember to read the topic sentences.These sentences can help you understandthe rest of the paragraph.

The shrinking Aral Sea is a severe trouble spot in Kazakhstanand Uzbekistan because of over-irrigation and pollution.Inefficient irrigation systems still consume enormousamounts of water which would once have reached the sea,but now do not. The Aral Sea used to have a volume of1,000km3 forty years ago, but now its volume is only 110km3.The mineral content of the water is seven times higher than itwas four decades ago. The water is also being severely polluted by pesticides andfertilisers. Local farmers have been using these chemicals onfarmland to help them grow cotton. Where the water hascompletely dried up, there is now an environmentalnightmare. There are big areas of desert covered with largeamounts of salt. The land is contaminated with toxicchemicals washed down from the farms on the rivers

upstream. As the water has disappeared, ships have beenabandoned, stuck on the dry sea bed.The environmental crisis is quickly becoming a human crisis too.There is not enough food in the area so malnutrition is rife anddiseases and conditions such as tuberculosis and anaemia areon the increase. In particular, throat cancer has become morecommon near the Aral Sea than anywhere else in the world.

The chemical sea

5

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15

environmentalproblems

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Tune in to WritingDescribing problems

1 Order the paragraphs from 1-4.

2 What do the words in bold in the text refer to?1 they ____________________________________2 it ____________________________________3 it ____________________________________4 it ____________________________________5 this ____________________________________6 this ____________________________________

3 Punctuate and capitalise the paragraph from an essay. There are four sentences.bullfighting to be banned in catalonia

on 22 june members of the catalan parliament will vote on changing a law about cruelty to animalswhich would ban bullfighting there in response to a petition signed by half a million people barcelonadeclared that it was antibullfighting in 2004 bullfighting fans made a group called bullfighting defenceplatform they want to encourage people to go to bullfights in the monumental bullring____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Equal rights___ In conclusion, there still remains work to do

to overcome discrimination in the professionalworld.

___ Laws against discrimination and sexualharassment exist, but many times 1they areignored. If people were more aware of the lawsagainst sexual harassment at work, 2it would soondisappear. The public needs to know the law andmake sure that 3it is followed.

___ Equal rights are important and in recentyears laws have changed with respect to women’srights. No longer do women over eighteen haveto have their husband’s or father’s permission tohave a job. Working women receive their ownsalary instead of 4it going straight to theirhusband or father.

___ In spite of these advances, women still haveto fight against discrimination. Many people think

that women are not discriminated against anymore, but 5this is not true. In some shocking cases,married or pregnant women are not given jobs.Even worse, there are still cases of sexualharassment at work. In this day and age, 6this isunforgivable.

a

b

c

d

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Tune in to Culture Endangered species

Student A

1 You are Student A. Read your text and prepare questions for Student B.

Student AThe red squirrel is an endangered species. In the UK they live mostly in1________ (where). They are 19-23cm long and they live for about 2________ (how long). The species is under threat from the grey squirrelbecause 3____________________ (why). The grey squirrel also carries4_________ (what) which kills them. In January 2006, 5_________ (who) begana programme to control the numbers of grey squirrels.

Questions1 ________________________________________2 ________________________________________3 ________________________________________

2 Be prepared to answer Student B’s questions about this text.

The Iberian lynx is an endangered species that lives in central and south-western Spain. It weighs 9-13kilos and usually lives in a combination of woodland and open pasture, where it eats rabbits. The lynx’s numbers started to decline in the 1950s due to the spread of myxomatosis, a disease whichkilled populations of the lynx’s principal food. But there is some good news. Recently, three Iberianlynxes were born in captivity in Doñana Park.

Now ask and answer questions with Student B.If you don’t understand and need clarification, use these expressions:What do you mean?I don’t understand.

Student B

1 You are Student B. Read your text and prepare questions for Student A.

Student BThe Iberian lynx is an endangered species that lives in 1__________ (where).It weighs 2_______ (how much) and usually lives in a combination ofwoodland and open pasture, where it eats 3______ (what). The lynx’s numbers started to decline in 4______ (when) due to the spreadof myxomatosis, a disease which killed populations of the lynx’s principalfood. But there is some good news. Recently 5_____ (how many) Iberianlynxes were born in captivity in Doñana Park.

Questions1 ________________________________________2 ________________________________________3 ________________________________________

2 Be prepared to answer Student A’s questions about this text.

The red squirrel is an endangered species. In the UK it lives mostly in Scotland. They are 19-23cm long and they live for about three years. It is under threat from the grey squirrel because the greysquirrel eats all the food available. The grey squirrel also carries a virus which kills them. In January2006, the British government began a programme to control the numbers of grey squirrels.

Now ask and answer questions with Student A.If you don’t understand and need clarification, use these expressions:What do you mean?I don’t understand.

Can you explain that?I’m sorry, I don’t follow you.

Could you give me an example?

Can you explain that?I’m sorry, I don’t follow you.

Could you give me an example?

4 ________________________________________5 ________________________________________

4 ________________________________________5 ________________________________________

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This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page65 of the Student’s Book. It gives the studentsfurther practice of identifying the writer’s opinionin a text. Students need to become aware of theway that adjectives and adverbs combine to showthe degree to which a writer feels positive ornegative about things. There is one word that may cause problems for thestudents in this text:lap (line 16): lap in this context refers to a sportsevent. When runners are running a long race, theymight run around the track several times. Eachcircuit of the track is a lap. It is also used to refer tothe distance across a swimming pool when aswimmer has to swim it more than once

1 Before students complete this exercise, it mightbe useful to remind them that an adverbdescribes a verb or an adjective, and that theycommonly end with -ly. Note that small enoughin the first paragraph is an adverb-adjective pair(although enough in this case is the adverb andcomes after the adjective). However, smallenough does not give the writer’s opinion.

ANSWER KEY

ANSWER KEY

absolutely amazing (lines 2-3)incredibly thin (line 3)absolutely fantastic (line 10)ANSWER KEY

1b 2c 3e 4d 5a

3 This exercise reviews the Grammar box on page67 of the Student’s Book. Students makepassive verbs by correcting errors in two texts.

ANSWER KEY

1 has been designed2 can be twisted3 can be worn

4 has been developed5 was designed6 is touched

2 As well as adjectives and adverbs, writers uselots of phrases to show whether they feelpositive or negative.

ANSWER KEY

1 Positive: This… makes the nano ideal for(lines 11-12)

2 Positive: What also makes the nano a realwinner for… (lines 14-16)

3 Negative: which is not the most imaginativeselection. (line 21)

4 Positive: Having said that, all are enjoyablegames. (lines 21-22)

5 Negative: although the screen is prettysmall,… (line 23)

6 Positive: … images are sharp and perfectlyclear. (lines 23-24)

7 Negative: The nano may not have a voicerecorder,… (line 27)

8 Positive: but the lack of that feature doesnot in any way take away from its superbquality. (lines 27-28)

4 Students rewrite sentences in the active voice.

ANSWER KEY

1 W.K. Kellogg invented cornflakes in 1894.2 Department stores around the world sell

MP3 players.3 Willis Carrier invented air conditioning in

1902.4 Even small children can use the new

computers.5 Our scientists are developing better camera

phones.

ke

y

b

o

r

d

d o w n o a d

s

c

r

e

n

ec

a

r

g

e

a

b

l

e

h a d p h o n e s

g

d

g

e

t

b a t t e r y

1

2 4

3

7

6

5

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This Tune in to Culture page, Inventors and their inventions, helps students use the passive voice and talkabout inventors in Spain and the UK.

1&2 Students work in pairs to exchange information oninventors. The questions and the two texts on inventorsinclude further practice on forming active and passivesentences, reviewing this unit’s grammar focus. If your classhave problems with the passive or with forming questions, youmay wish to put the questions 1-5 on the board before thestudents complete the information exchange exercise.

3 Students work in pairs to complete the table. If students are confused by any of the information, encouragetheir partners to spell the words for them.


This reviews the Writing section on pages 70-71 of the Student’s Book. It further develops the skill ofwriting a descriptive essay.

1 Students read the advertisement for a gadget and decide how to divide the text into three paragraphs.

3 Finally, students need to notice referring devices in texts since writers use these to compare andcontrast opinions. Encourage students to make notes of how the words and phrases are used, so that they can use them in their own writing.

ANSWER KEY

1 What was the invention?2 When was it invented?3 Who was it invented by?4 What nationality was the inventor?5 When did he die?

ANSWER KEY

1d In fact, is used here to emphasise the previous opinion. 2a Moreover, is used here to give additional positive information.3e Having said that, is used here to contrast with the previous negative sentence.4b Although is used here to contrast a negative and positive opinion.5c but the lack of that is used here to contrast with the previous negative sentence.

2 Students read a paragraph from a descriptiveessay and choose the correct words tocomplete the text.

ANSWER KEY

1 fantastic, new2 most

3 easier4 useful

5 best 6 it’s

ANSWER KEY

Paragraph 1: descriptionA new product that will make your life easier and more pleasant has just been invented! This product iscalled the digital camera pod. It is a tiny metal support for a digital camera. It is small and easily fitsinto your pocket or purse.Paragraph 2: how you use itIt can be mounted on top of a bottle, on a window or any flat surface. If you use a bottle, put someliquid inside to act as a counter-balance to the digital camera. Paragraph 3: how is life going to be better with the product?Its ease of use, durability and style make it ideal for novice photographers, students or even professionals.This clever device can be used to take self-portraits, night photographs and spontaneous photos.

ANSWER KEY

Student A

Student B

Inventionsubmarine

television

Year1859

1926

InventorNarcisMonturiolJohn LogieBaird

NationalitySpanish

Scottish

Date of death1885

1946

Extra detailsInspired Jules Verne’s TwentyThousand Leagues Under the SeaHe also demonstrated the firstcolour TV transmission in 1928

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Technology

1 Read the clues and complete the crossword.


The passive voice

3 Rewrite the verbs in bold in the passive voice.

Across2 a small device that produces electricity3 you put these in your ears to listen to music7 a verb that means to take information, songs

or pictures from a web pageDown1 a small mechanical device, which does a

particular job4 an adjective that describes something that

can be charged more than once5 the part of a computer where you can see

words, web pages and pictures6 the part of a computer that has buttons with

letters and numbers that you control withyour fingers

Adjective order

2 Match the sentence halves.1 I need some new, 2 I’ve got a new, metallic3 Al bought an ugly, green 4 How much does this small, 5 What do you think of this

a black metal suitcase?b red leather shoes.c screen for my computer.d round ball cost?e cotton jacket at the sales.

1

2 4

3

7

6

5

Nokia 888 phoneIt 1has designed by a Turkish student called TamerNakisci. It includes a malleable interface. The phone2can twist into many shapes. This means it 3canwear on the wrist like a watch.

Toyota Citizen Key/WatchIn Japan, a watch that is also a key for the ToyotaCrown car 4has developed by Toyota. The gadget,which 5designed by both Toyota and the watchcompany Citizen, looks like an ordinary watch. If thecar door handle 6touched by someone who iswearing the watch, it opens automatically.

1 ________________________________________2 ________________________________________3 ________________________________________4 ________________________________________5 ________________________________________6 ________________________________________

4 Rewrite the sentences in the active voice.1 Cornflakes were invented by W.K. Kellogg

in 1894.________________________________________

2 MP3 players are sold in department storesaround the world.________________________________________

3 Air conditioning was invented by WillisCarrier in 1902.________________________________________

4 The new computers can be used even bysmall children.________________________________________

5 Better camera phones are being developedby our scientists.________________________________________

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Tune in to ReadingiPod nano

Strategy 1: Identifying adverb and adjective pairs

1 Read the first paragraph of the text and find adverb and adjective pairs used to give opinions.

Writers use adverbs and adjectives to show their opinions. It can be useful to pick these words out of a text and decide whether they are positive or negative. The adverbs and adjectives areoften used together in pairs, for example, incredibly interesting.

Strategy 2: Opinion phrases

2 Look at the phrases from the text and decidewhether they are positive or negative. Findevidence for your decision.1 This, combined with its size, makes the nano

ideal for those who want to use it whileworking out at the gym. (lines 11-13)

2 What also makes the nano a real winner forthe fitness fan is its stopwatch for timingexercise routines. (lines 14-16)

3 which is not the most imaginative selection.(line 21)

4 Having said that, all are enjoyable games.(lines 21-22)

5 although the screen is pretty small,… (line 23)6 images are sharp and perfectly clear. (lines

23-24)7 The nano may not have a voice recorder,…

(line 27)8 but the lack of that feature does not in any

way take away from its superb quality. (lines 27-28)

Another clue to the writer’s opinion is theway in which the writer uses certain phrases.

Strategy 3: Referring devices

3 Match the two parts of the sentences. Thencheck your answers in the text. The referringdevice is in bold.1 No sound quality has been lost either. 2 There’s also a lap timer for you to record

your times. 3 The games Brick, Music Quiz, Parachute and

Solitaire are included as standard, which isnot the most imaginative selection.

4 Although the screen is pretty small,5 The nano may not have a voice recorder, a Moreover, the nano will even tell you your

shortest, longest and average lap times.b images are sharp and perfectly clear.c but the lack of that feature does not in any

way take away from its superb quality.d In fact, the nano’s sound quality is absolutely

fantastic.e Having said that, they all are enjoyable games.

Writers use referring devices like althoughto show contrast or to emphasise opinions.Look out for them as you read and see howthey are being used.

The iPod nano, the latest mp3player from Apple, is absolutelyamazing. It is incredibly thin andsmall enough to fit into your jeanspocket. However, small size doesn’tmean small memory. The memorycapacity (2GB or 4GB) allows you tostore 500 or 1,000 songs respectively.No sound quality has been lost

either. In fact, the nano’s sound quality is absolutely fantastic. The nano has no movable parts inside. This, combined with

its size, makes the nano ideal for those who want to use it whileworking out at the gym. You can run or jump around and yoursounds will not be affected. What also makes the nano a realwinner for the fitness fan is its stopwatch for timing exercise

routines. There’s also a lap timer for you to record your times.Moreover, the nano will even tell you your shortest, longest andaverage lap times.

What about the nano’s other features? The games Brick,Music Quiz, Parachute and Solitaire are included as standard,which is not the most imaginative selection. Having said that, allare enjoyable games. The nano plays both photos and video onits colour screen and, although the screen is pretty small, imagesare sharp and perfectly clear. Finally, the battery should provideyou with 14 hours of playing time and will fast charge to 80%capacity in only 1.5 hours.

The nano may not have a voice recorder, but the lack of thatfeature does not in any way take away from its superb quality.The nano has not been around long, but it has alreadyestablished itself as the one the others have to beat!

iPod nano (2GB or 4GB)

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25

30

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Tune in to WritingA descriptive essay

1 Divide this text into three paragraphs according to the categories.• Paragraph 1 – description• Paragraph 2 – how you use it• Paragraph 3 – how is life going to be better with the product?

2 Amy has just bought a digital camera pod. Choose the correct words to complete her text.

A new product that will make yourlife easier and more pleasant hasjust been invented! This product iscalled the digital camera pod. It is atiny metal support for a digitalcamera. It is small and easily fits intoyour pocket or purse. It can bemounted on top of a bottle, on awindow or any flat surface. If youuse a bottle, put some liquid insideto act as a counter-balance to thedigital camera. Its ease of use,durability and style make it ideal fornovice photographers, students oreven professionals. This cleverdevice can be used to take self-portraits, night photographs andspontaneous photos.

I just love my 1new fantastic / fantastic new digital camera pod. It has made

taking the 2more / most beautiful pictures much 3easy / easier. It’s really4useful / usefull and I have taken some great pictures using it. The 5best /

better thing is that 6it’s / its now easy to take pictures of me and my friends

together!

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Tune in to Culture Inventors and their inventions

Student A

1 You are Student A. Read your text about an inventor.

The inventor Narcis Monturiol was born in 1819 in Figueres, Catalonia and died in 1885. Hedeveloped a completely operational submarine in 1859 which was named Ictíneo and had verysuccessful trial runs in that year. The submarine in Jules Verne’s novel Twenty Thousand LeaguesUnder the Sea was modelled on Monturiol’s invention.

2 Your partner has information about a different inventor. Prepare questions from the prompts to askStudent B.1 What / invention? __________________________________________________________________________2 When / invented? __________________________________________________________________________3 Who / invented by?_________________________________________________________________________4 What nationality / inventor?__________________________________________________________________5 When / die? _______________________________________________________________________________6 Do / know / more details? ___________________________________________________________________Do you know any more details?

Student B

Invention Year Inventor Nationality Date of death Extra details

Student B

1 You are Student B. Read your text about an inventor.

John Logie Baird was born in Scotland in 1888. He is famous for being one of the inventors oftelevision. The first demonstration of moving images was given by Baird in London in 1926. The first colour transmission was also demonstrated by Baird in 1928 and he invented the first big screen television. He died in 1946.

2 Your partner has information about a different inventor. Prepare questions from the prompts to askStudent A.1 What / invention? __________________________________________________________________________2 When / invented? __________________________________________________________________________3 Who / invented by?_________________________________________________________________________4 What nationality / inventor?__________________________________________________________________5 When / die? _______________________________________________________________________________6 Do / know / more details? ___________________________________________________________________

3 Ask your partner the questions to complete the table.

Student A

Invention Year Inventor Nationality Date of death Extra details

3 Ask your partner the questions to complete the table.

Do you know any more details?

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Play time! TEACHER’S NOTES9

52



2 This exercise reviews the Vocabulary box onpage 74 of the Student’s Book. Students maynot have encountered the grammatical term‘particle’ before. This is the part of the phrasalverb after the main verb, e.g. up in give up oroff in take off.


This reviews the Tune in to Reading box on page72 of the Student’s Book. It further develops theskills of reading spoken language by raisingstudents’ awareness of features such ascontractions and idioms. Students also need to usestage instructions to help them interpret themeaning of the lines.

1 When reading a play script, students need tobe able to use the stage instructions to helpthem understand the text. The stageinstructions can show how the speaker is feelingand how the speaker will say the line. You canask students to act out the play using the stageinstructions to help them practise.

ANSWER KEY

1 describing emotions: pleased, enthusiastic,impressed, amused, embarrassed

2 describing things that you do with your voice:coughs, pause, stutters, quickly, laughing


ANSWER KEY

1 made2 taking

3 made4 made

5 took6 Take

ANSWER KEY

1 said2 says

3 told4 told

5 said6 told

ANSWER KEY

1 called off2 carry on3 come back4 put off

5 look into6 figure out7 give up

2 Spoken English is often more idiomatic thanwritten English. Idiomatic expressions can causestudents lots of problems since they are notliteral. Also, because they generally exist asphrases, they can be hard to spot in a text.Point out these aspects when reading playscripts and ask the students to suggestalternative ways of saying the idioms.

ANSWER KEY

1 How are things?2 lucky you.3 I bet.

4 Carry on5 sort it out

3 Students often believe that spoken English ismore informal than written English. However,this is not necessarily true and there are variousdegrees of formality in spoken language. Youcan ask the students to find examples ofdifferent degrees of formality in texts and askthem to transform them into more or lessformal equivalents.

ANSWER KEY

Formal: 1you must be; 4Would you like me to;7please do; 9I would like to do; 11would you liketo follow me?Informal: 2yeah; 3I’m; 5Thanks a lot; 6can I get;8that’s right; 10That’s brilliant; 12Sure.

ANSWER KEY

1 asked2 suggested

3 warned4 ordered



ANSWER KEY

1 He asked me where I was going on holiday.2 He asked me how long I was going to be

away.3 He asked me what time the flight was.4 He asked me how much the flight had cost.5 He asked me if I was going with my family.6 He asked me when I would be coming back.

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ANSWER KEY

1 I’m fed up with2 taking my things without asking3 She’s so inconsiderate.4 it’s not fair5 She’s really childish.6 Take my advice.

ANSWER KEY

1 What is the name of the film?2 Who is the director?3 Who are the main characters?4 Where is the film set?5 What is the film about?6 What is the best scene?


This Tune in to Culture page, Let’s go to thecinema!, deals with films.

1 Students work in pairs on a jigsaw readinglooking at films. Put the students in pairs. Cutthe photocopies in half and give one half to eachStudent A and the other half to each Student B.Tell students that they are not allowed to look ateach other’s papers.

2 First, students individually write the questionswhich will answer their missing information. Youmight want to check that students have thecorrect questions before they start theinformation exchange on King Kong and Girlwith a Pearl Earring. Then they work in pairs toask and answer the questions. At the end of theexercise let students compare their answers withthe texts.


1 This reviews the language taught on page 77 ofthe Student’s Book. Students read the script andfind the errors.

2 Students act out the script in pairs. Encouragethe students to use as much emotion in theirperformance as possible.

3 Students write a script using the first script as a model. Mark has become tired of living withBen and his bad habits. Nancy needs to besupportive of Mark. Encourage students also touse language that they have learnt on page 77of the Student’s Book.

MODEL ANSWER

MARK: I can’t stand it anymore!NANCY: Is there a problem?MARK: It’s Ben. He plays really loud music late

at night and he also spends hours talking onthe phone.

NANCY: He’s very selfish.MARK: He also spends hours in the bathroom in

the morning and he never does the washingup. It’s not fair!

NANCY: He’s really childish.MARK: And recently he has started wearing my

clothes. It drives me mad!NANCY: Oh no! He’s so inconsiderate.MARK: I think I need to get a new flatmate.NANCY: I think so, too.

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Play time!9



make or take?

1 Choose the correct option in each sentence.1 Josh made / took paella for dinner last night.

He used his mother’s recipe.2 Marianne is making / taking the train to

London.3 I made / took too many mistakes in the exam.4 Helen made / took Alice mad when she

insulted her.5 It made / took me a week to finish the

project.6 Make / Take my advice. Go to Greece for

your holiday.

Phrasal verbs

2 All of the phrasal verb particles (off, to, etc.)are wrong in these sentences. Write thecorrect particle in the gap.1 The students were very happy when the

teacher called on the exam. (cancel) _____2 The passenger asked the driver to carry off.

(continue) _____3 I’ve missed Sam since she left our school and

I want her to come to. (return) _____4 I had to put over my dentist appointment to

next week. (postpone) _____5 The workers decided to look about the

problem. (investigate) _____6 I couldn’t figure up the puzzle. (understand)

_____7 All of my family have decided to give over

watching TV during meal times. (stop) _____


Reporting statements

3 Complete the sentences with the correct formof say or tell.1 Alice _______ that she was going to do her

homework later. 2 Jane ______ she always says hello to the bus

driver.3 I ______ him that we didn’t have time to do

the shopping.4 Alex _______ Tom to pick him up at eight

o’clock.5 Ronald _______ that he didn’t understand the

lesson.6 We _______ the children to be quiet.

Reporting questions

4 Rewrite the questions in reported speech.

1 Where are you going on holiday?He asked me ____________________________

2 How long are you going to be away?He asked me ____________________________

3 What time is the flight?He asked me ____________________________

4 How much did the flight cost? He asked me ____________________________

5 Are you going with your family?He asked me ____________________________

6 When will you be coming back?He asked me ____________________________

Reporting verbs

5 Complete each sentence with a reportingverb from the box.

suggested warned ordered asked

1 Have you ever been in a play?He _______ if she had ever been in a play.

2 I think you should study Medicine.Her teacher _______ that she studiedMedicine.

3 Be careful when you are swimming becausethere are jellyfish in the water.The lifeguard _______ us there were jellyfishin the water.

4 Listen everybody!The captain _______ everybody to listen.

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Play time!9


Tune in to ReadingPlay time!

Strategy 1: Using stage directions

1 Read the dialogue from a radio script and lookat the stage directions in brackets. Put thestage directions in two groups:1 describing emotions2 describing things that you do with your voice. 2 Find idioms in the script in exercise 1 that

mean the same as the following.1 How are you?2 You are very fortunate.3 I am sure that is true.4 Continue.5 Organise it.

Strategy 3: Features of spoken English

3 Read the conversation below and decide if thewords in bold are examples of formal orinformal language.

Sometimes you read spoken English inscripts for plays and screenplays for films.

Spoken English is not necessarily moreinformal than written English.

Strategy 2: Identifying idioms

An idiom is a phrase that exists in onelanguage, but cannot be translated directlyinto another language. Spoken English useslots of idioms. When you have a script toread, try to recognise idioms and guess whatthey mean in the context.

(Scene: Karen and Will are speaking on thephone.)

Karen: Hi, Will. It’s me, Karen.Will: (Pleased.) Hi, Karen. How are things?Karen: Great. I just wanted to tell you about

the party last night.Will: Oh yeah, it was your sister’s birthday

party, wasn’t it? Karen: (Enthusiastic.) Yeah. The party was

great. We all went to a restaurant:The Ivy.

Will: (Impressed.) Wow, lucky you. It’ssupposed to be great. What was thefood like?

Karen: Brilliant. Absolutely amazing. The icecream birthday cake was incredible.

Will: I bet. (Coughs.) Actually, I wasthinking...

Karen: Yeah, what?Will: (Pause.) Erm....Karen: (Amused.) Yeah, what, Will? Carry on

with what you were saying!Will: (Stutters.) Well, about The Ivy. It’s

just I’ve always really wanted to gothere. (Embarrassed.) So I was sort ofwondering... erm

Karen: What?Will: (Quickly.) Erm, if you’d like to go

there with me.Karen: Wow. Yeah. I’d like to.Will: Really? Oh great. Karen: (Laughing.) Let’s sort it out at

school tomorrow.Will: Yeah, brilliant. See you tomorrow.Karen: Yeah, see you tomorrow.

(Scene: In a dentist’s waiting room. Anervous-looking teenage girl is

sitting waiting. She is holding hercoat on her lap. The dentist enters:

she is a woman in her forties.)Dentist:Hello, 1you must be Helen.Helen: Er, 2yeah, 3I’m Helen.Dentist: 4Would you like me to take your

coat? Helen: 5Thanks a lot. Er, 6can I get a

drink of water?Dentist:Yes, 7please do. Now make yourself

comfortable. This is your firstvisit to me, I think, Helen. Is thatcorrect?

Helen: Er, yeah, 8that’s right.Dentist:Good. Well, today all 9I would like

to do is take a quick look at yourteeth and see if any work needs tobe done. There’ll be no injectionsor drills today, I promise. OK?

Helen: (With relief.) Oh, great. 10That’sbrilliant.

Dentist:Right, 11would you like to followme?

Helen: 12Sure.

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Play time!9


Tune in to WritingA script

1 Read the script and correct the mistakes.

2 Read the script aloud in pairs. Remember that Sally is angry.

3 Work in pairs. Write a script following the model in exercise 1. Mark is unhappy living with hisflatmate Ben. He complains about Ben to his friend Nancy. Use the pictures to help you.

Sally: 1I’m feed up with Kathy.John: Why? What’s the matter?Sally: You know we share a flat.John: Yeah.Sally: Well, She’s always 2taking my things without ask. She goes into my room and takes my

clothes, my CDs, my shampoo, whatever she wants!John: 3She’s so unconsiderate!Sally: :I told her to stop doing it because 4it’s not fare. I don’t take her things.John: Good for you.Sally: But then she started shouting at me. She even started crying!John: Oh no! 5She’s really child.Sally: I don’t know what to do, John.John: 6Make my advice. Look for another flatmate or look for another flat.

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Play time!9


Tune in to Culture Let’s go to the cinema!

Student A

1 You are Student A. Read your text about a film.

Film A

King Kong (2005)

Director: Peter Jackson

Actors: Naomi Watts, Jack Black and Adrien Brody

Setting: New York and Skull Island, 1933

Plot: A film director (Jack Black) and some actors go to make a film on Skull Island.There they are attacked by a

dangerous tribe who take the film’s main actress (Naomi Watts) prisoner.The tribe then take her to be sacrificed

to a giant ape, King Kong. But instead of killing her, King Kong takes the girl and disappears into the jungle.

The film director and his crew rescue the girl and discover King Kong. Romance develops between a scriptwriter

(Adrien Brody) and the actress. King Kong is captured and taken to New York where he is shown to the public

in a theatre. But King Kong escapes and nearly destroys New York.

The best scene: The best scene is when King Kong is attacked by planes on top of the Empire State Building.

2 Complete questions 1-6. Student B has information about a different film. Ask Student B thequestions. 1 ______________ name ______________ film?2 _______________________________ director?3 _________________________ main characters?

Student B

1 You are Student B. Read your text about a film.

Film B

Girl with a Pearl Earring (2003)

Director: Peter Webber

Actors: Scarlett Johansson, Colin Firth and Tom Wilkinson

Setting: Delft, Holland, 1665

Plot: A young girl called Griet (Scarlett Johansson) becomes a maid in the painter

Johannes Vermeer’s home.Vermeer (Colin Firth) lives in a house with his wife

and lots of children. Because she understands art and colour,Vermeer finds a

friend in Griet. He teaches her to mix his paints and she begins to appreciate his paintings. When one of Vermeer’s

customers asks for a painting of Griet, he has to paint her secretly because of his jealous wife. When his wife finally

sees the painting, she is furious because Griet is wearing her pearl earrings in the painting.

The best scene: The best scene is when Griet is posing for the painting ‘Girl with a Pearl Earring’.

4 Where ______________________________ set?5 What ____________________________ about?6 _____________________________ best scene?

2 Complete questions 1-6. Student A has information about a different film. Ask Student A thequestions. 1 ______________ name ______________ film?2 _______________________________ director?3 _________________________ main characters?

4 Where ______________________________ set?5 What ____________________________ about?6 _____________________________ best scene?

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Unit Test1


I’ll be there for you!That’s the song that started each episode of

Friends. For 10 years, millions of fans followed the livesof Rachel, Ross, Monica, Phoebe, Chandler and Joey.

In the first episode, aired on NBC television in 1994,Rachel leaves her fiancé at the church. She says shecan’t stand the idea of marrying. She moves in withMonica, but finds out that life is hard without herDaddy’s financial help. In Episodes 2 and 3 we see thecharacters at home, watching TV and just hangingout. Monica cleans everything to impress her parents,Phoebe receives money from her bank that’s not hersand Chandler starts smoking again. We also learn thatRoss really likes Rachel, but can’t tell her.

Over the years audiences learnt that each characterhad a very particular personality. Rachel was the mostglamorous, while Phoebe was fun, friendly andsometimes irrational. Ross was unreliable inrelationships and his sister Monica was too organisedand a bit obsessive. Chandler was the handsome,sarcastic guy and Joey was nice, but not very intelligent.

In 2004 the programme finished in the US. In thelast episode Ross and Rachel finally get together.Chandler and Monica have twins and name them Ericaand Jack and then they move to the suburbs together.

Vocabulary & Grammar15 points

Pastimes and adjectives

1 Identify the odd word out in each group.Example: going shopping – collecting stamps– doing sport – average-looking

1 friendly – always – secure – rational2 handsome – attractive – thin – mature3 organised – fun – reliable – plump4 illegal – unfriendly – patient – irresponsible5 arguing with my parents – visiting internet cafés

– listening to music – sending text messagesTotal _____/ 5

Adverbs of frequency

2 Put the adverbs of frequency in the correctposition in the sentences.

Example: I __________ go out __________ ona Monday night. (never)

1 I __________ go__________ shopping at theweekend. (occasionally)

2 My mum __________ is __________ at workduring the day. (always)

3 My cat __________ eats __________ fresh fish.(normally)

4 My brothers __________ are __________ athome on a Saturday. (rarely)

5 I __________ can __________ go climbing ifthe weather is good. (usually)Total _____/ 5

Present Simple and Present Continuous

3 Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Rewrite theincorrect sentences.

Example: I am having two pet snakes.________________________________________

1 My cousins are Italian. ________________________________________

2 Our class do exams this week.________________________________________

3 I am not understanding our mathshomework. ________________________________________

4 Be quiet! I watch television. ________________________________________

5 Do you know the name of this programme? ________________________________________Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and choose the correctanswers.1 In the first episode of Friends, Rachel

a doesn’t mind the thought of getting married.

b hates the thought of getting married.2 In the next two episodes the characters are

in their apartments a spending time with each other.b doing lots of work.

3 According to the text, Phoebea didn’t always make sensible decisions.b was beautiful and attractive.

4 According to the text, youa could trust Ross in relationships.b couldn’t trust Ross in relationships.

5 At the end of Friendsa all of the characters live in New York City.b some of the characters don’t live in New

York City any more.Total _____/ 5

I have two pet snakes.

never

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Unit Test2

skateboarding

We went to the football match and

then we had dinner


A climbing accidentWhen I was younger I used to go climbing a lot. It was

fantastic. My friends used to plan long holidays and we alwayswent to the mountains together.

One day something terrible happened. We took a train andwent to Wales. We met a group of climbers there. We werewalking in the mountains, when it started to rain. My parentshad always warned me never to climb when it was raining.

The other climbers shouted, ‘let’s go back!’ But I wanted tocontinue, so I ran ahead of the group. Everybody else wentback, except my best friend John and I. We climbed onto arock. There was another rock nearby. It didn’t look very risky, soI did something really stupid. I decided to jump from one rockto the other.

As I was running to jump off the rock, I fell. John had shoutedto warn me that it wasn’t safe, but I didn’t listen to him.

I was in hospital for four months with a broken leg. I felt sostupid about the accident.


Sports

1 Complete the sentences with the name of asport.

Example: My sister loves going_______________. She bought an expensiveskateboard and she practises a lot.

1 I go _______________ every day. There is anOlympic-sized pool near my house.

2 I am the goalkeeper in our school_______________ team.

3 _______________ is an important sport at ourschool. We have a big track, and lots ofpeople go to watch the competitions.

4 I am going _______________ this weekend.My horse’s name is Juanes.

5 I have got a really expensive bike becauseI love going _______________.

Total _____/ 5

Past Simple and Past Continuous


Example: We went to the football match andthen we were having dinner.________________________________________________________________________________

1 I finished my homework and I played a gameof chess.________________________________________

2 As I played chess, the phone rang.________________________________________

3 While I was talking on the phone, my mumarrived home.________________________________________

4 My mum arrived home and then she wasphoning a friend.________________________________________

5 Steve broke his leg when he played football.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

Past Simple and Past Perfect

3 Complete the sentences with verbs in the box.

finish climb meet begin tell run

Example: The match _______________ by thetime we arrived.

1 His face was red because he _______________home.

2 I knew Jane. We _______________ before.3 He knew the news because Bob

_______________ him the day before.4 Dan _______________ the exercise first

because he had started before everyone else.5 Katrin showed me the photographs of when

she _______________ the mountain.Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and answer the questions.1 Does the writer go climbing a lot now?

________________________________________2 When did it start to rain?

________________________________________3 What did the writer’s family use to tell her?

________________________________________4 When did the writer fall?

________________________________________5 What had John done before the writer jumped?

________________________________________Total _____/ 5

had begun

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Unit Test3



Phrasal verbs

1 Complete the phrasal verbs with the correctparticle.

Example: The room was very hot, so I took____________ my jacket.

1 She saw a spider and she ran ____________ of the room.

2 I hate getting ____________ early in themorning.

3 When the teacher came ____________ to theroom, all the students were shouting.

4 I fell ____________ my bike and I hurt my arm.5 We usually set ____________ early when we

go on holiday.Total _____/ 5

Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple

2 Choose the correct option to complete thesentences.1 Glenda has never been / never went to Brazil.

She’s going next year.2 John’s a very good friend. I have known /

knew him for ten years.3 I have been / went to Mexico in 2003.4 Have you ever spoken / Did you ever speak

to a famous person?5 Richard has visited / visited us last week.

Total _____/ 5

Present Perfect Simple and Continuous

3 Complete the sentences with the verbs inbrackets.

Example: My French is good because I__________________ it for five years. (learn)

1 I __________________ this book before. (read)2 I’m tired because I __________________ all

morning. (ski)3 Louise doesn’t want to go to the cinema

because she __________________ the filmbefore. (see)

4 How long __________________ you__________________ football so far? (play)

5 They __________________ in the kitchen forfour hours! (cook)Total _____/ 5

off

Reading5 points

4 Read the text. Are the sentences true orfalse? Find evidence in the text to supportyour answers.1 The writer wanted to learn more English

because it was important for her career.________________________________________

2 The writer has family in Ireland.________________________________________

3 When she left her country, the writer wasunhappy about going to Ireland.________________________________________

4 The writer found the customers’conversations useful.________________________________________

5 The writer hated going out dancing in theevenings.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

have been learning

My days in DublinAfter school I decided to study Marketing and

Languages at university. Before I went to university, Idecided to take a gap year abroad. I wanted to improvemy English because it’s an important part of my course,so I decided to go to Ireland because I have somerelatives in Dublin. I had never been away from homebefore so when the plane took off, I was very nervous.But I was also looking forward to a new adventure.

I went to English classes during the day andworked as a waitress at night. I learnt a lot: talking tothe customers and listening to their discussions. Butwhen people spoke to me very fast, I couldn’tunderstand what they were saying.

At the weekends, I spent time with my cousins andmy new friends. We went to bookshops, clothes shopsand record shops in the city centre. At night we wentout dancing. It was terrific.

I have just come back and I recommend thisexperience to everybody. I’ve seen interesting places, I’vemade new friends and I’ve learnt lots of English too!

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Unit Test4


Reading5 points

4 Read the text and answer the questions.1 Which of the following sentences summarises

the text best? (2 points)a Laura’s father has a great job. She wants to

do a difficult job and she’ll work for free.Her teacher says she’s also going to studyIT.

b Laura’s father’s job is good, but she’sgoing to do something different. It won’tbe easy, so she’s going to study a lot andwork for free. Her teacher thinks she’ll besuccessful.

c Laura’s father wants her to be a filmdirector, so she’s going to film school.She’s also going to work with computersand her teacher is going to help her.

2 Complete the following sentences.(1 point each)1 Laura is going to be a film director

because ______________________________.2 Laura is going to work for free because

______________________________________.3 Laura is going to study IT because

______________________________________.Total _____/ 5


Compound nouns

1 Order the letters to form compound nouns.Example: Fbotolal is a very popular sport._______________

1 Snseuglssa protect your eyes on the beach._______________

2 You can normally send messages or makecalls using a clelenoph. _______________

3 A bckackpa is a bag you take on holiday._______________

4 An arliien is a company that provides flights._______________

5 Someone who likes doing dangerous thingsis a ddvlreeai. _______________Total _____/ 5

Future forms: will, going to, PresentContinuous

2 Choose the correct option in each sentence.1 It’s my birthday tomorrow. I am going to

have / am having a party at 10 p.m. in myhouse. All my friends are coming.

2 I don’t know where to go on holiday, but Ithink I will go / am going to go to Italy.

3 He has bought blue paint because he willpaint / is going to paint his room this week.

4 I’m late. It’s two o’clock and I am going tomeet / am meeting my friends at 2.15 at thepark.

5 Oh no! The bus is late. I think I will get / amgetting the train instead.Total _____/ 5

Future forms: will, Future Perfect, FutureContinuous


Example: I’ll start my IT course by May.________________ my IT course by May.

1 In five years’ time, I’ll have more money.________________________________________

2 This time tomorrow night, I’ll be sleeping.________________________________________

3 By 2020, you’ll be travelling the world.________________________________________

4 I’ll be having more time next year.________________________________________

5 By ten o’clock, the film will finish.________________________________________

Total _____/ 5

Football

I’ll have started

Laura’s futureWhat will you do in the future? Will you be a shop-

keeper or a salesperson, a film director or a firefighter? We asked fifteen-year-old Laura what she is going

to do in the future. She told us, ‘My father is a lorrydriver, which is a good job because he has seen a lot ofcountries. But I’m going to be a film director. I lovewriting and I study photography at school, so I think itcould be a great job.’

‘I know it will be difficult to find work as a filmdirector. I’m going to learn about writing and directingat a film school and then I’m going to work for free at afilm studio. I think this is the best way to start a filmcareer,’ Laura explained.

She also said she thinks that people will be makingmore films on computers in the near future, so she’sgoing to study Information Technology.

We asked Laura’s teacher about her plans. Ms Waters told us, ‘Laura is a great student. I’m surethat by the time she’s thirty, she will have directed atleast one film.’

Name:

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Unit Test5


Digital librariesYou may take after your parents and read the same

books or visit the same libraries as they did. But maybeyou’ll use a digital library to get your stories. Internetsites like Google and Million Book Project have beenproducing e-books for a while. Project Gutenberg andmany universities have also been making booksavailable on the internet since 1971.

You can use a digital library in different ways. Youcan type a line from any chapter of a book. You will thenget a list of all the books that have this line, or somethingsimilar. Or you can search for books by author, title orsubject. With older books, it’s often possible to read thewhole book. But with more recent books, sometimes youcan only read a paragraph or a page for free and youneed to pay a fee for the rest of the book.

Digital libraries which are free often contain booksfrom university libraries. They usually receive moneyfrom the government or from a private institution.Other digital libraries which charge a small fee arebusinesses. They make money through advertising.They show adverts relating to what you are looking for.

Although they are just beginning, digital librariesare starting to take off as more and more peopleencounter them online.


Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

1 Complete the sentences using a word fromthe box and adding -ed or -ing.

frighten depress relaxinterest bore excite

Example: My job is stressful. But after work Ido tai chi and I feel totally _________.

1 I’m so _________. It’s my birthday tomorrowand I’m having a big party.

2 My brother gets nightmares from horror filmsbecause they’re _________.

3 I am really _________ in science fiction novels.I read them all the time.

4 When my dog died I was really _________.5 The film was _________. My dad fell asleep!

Total _____/ 5

About books

2 Correct the spelling mistakes in the sentences.1 A person who writes a book is an autor.2 The seting is where a story happens.3 A description on the back of a book is a blur.4 The most important female character in a

story is normally the heroina.5 The enemy of the hero in a book is the villan.

Total_____/ 5

Relative clauses

3 Rewrite the sentences using a relativepronoun and commas where necessary.1 Ray Bradbury is one of America’s most

successful science fiction writers. He wasborn in Illinois.________________________________________

2 When he was 14 his family moved to LosAngeles. He went to high school there.________________________________________

3 He wrote Fahrenheit 451. It is one of his mostpopular works.________________________________________

4 Fahrenheit 451 is also a film. It was made in1966.________________________________________

5 There is a crater on the moon. It is namedafter one of his novels.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and choose the correct answers.1 The first paragraph talks about

a the history of libraries.b examples of different digital libraries.c the history of digital libraries.

2 The second paragraph talks abouta the advantages and disadvantages of a

digital library.b how much digital libraries cost.c how digital libraries work.

3 The third paragraph talks abouta which governments pay for digital libraries.b how digital libraries make or receive money.c how to advertise on a digital library.

4 What’s the meaning of take after in the first line?a To do what your parents say.b To ask someone in your family questions.c To be similar in appearance or character to

an older member of your family.5 What’s the meaning of take off in the last

sentence?a To become successful.b To become expensive.c To leave the ground.Total _____/ 5

relaxed

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Unit Test6


A different type of diaryBored with blogs? Depressed by more dull internet

diaries? For something more exciting, you should takeup writing a dream diary. What could be more thrillingthan writing about the fantastic world of theunconscious? It transports us to exotic places, throughtime and space. In our dreams we can fly, speaklanguages, meet up with childhood friends, obtainsupernatural powers, to name just a few examples.

When you wake up, lie still and try to rememberyour dream. Then get up and write it down. This willhelp your memory and make it more difficult to forgetwhat you dream about.

The study of dreams is a relatively new science. Asa result, it’s difficult to give true meaning to dreams.But if you read a dream diary over a period of time, yousee that dream cycles emerge. Images repeatthemselves and there are recurring themes. If youdon’t give up, it’s possible to understand a little bitmore about who you are and what makes you work.

Many creative people keep a dream diary. So give it atry. It could be the beginning of a beautiful friendship!


Expressions with sleep

1 Correct the mistake in each sentence.Example: At Christmas we sleep on at mygrandmother’s house. _________

1 I used to walk sleep when I was younger._________

2 If you have a problem, it’s a good idea tosleep over it. _________

3 When the film ended, I was fat asleep._________

4 Reading helps me get in sleep easily._________

5 My parents sleep on at the weekend._________Total _____/ 5

have to, don’t have to, can, can’t

2 Complete the sentences using have to, don’thave to, can or can’t.

Camp Rules1 Camp members ________ arrive on time to class.2 Camp members ________ wear a uniform. It is

not necessary.3 Camp members ________ leave the camp at

night. It is prohibited. 4 If you don’t want to eat lunch in the camp restaurant, you

________ eat outside in the picnic area instead.5 Camp members ________ attend English lessons.

These lessons are not optional.

Total _____/ 5

can or could

3 Choose the correct option in each sentenceExample: The exam was really difficult.I can’t / couldn’t / could finish it.

1 I’m a little bit stressed because I could / can /can’t find my mobile phone.

2 When I was younger, we could / couldn’t /can do whatever we wanted at school. Butnow everything is so strict.

3 What’s the name of the last Fifty Centalbum? Sorry, I could / can’t / can remember.

4 I can / can’t / couldn’t sleep at the momentbecause I am worried about my exams.

5 I lost my key yesterday. When I got home, Icould / can’t / couldn’t open the door.Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text. Are the sentences true orfalse? Find evidence in the text to supportyour answers.1 The author says that writing about the

unconscious is very exciting.________________________________________

2 The author says that there are only a limitednumber of things you can dream about.________________________________________

3 The author suggests recording your dreamwhile you are still in bed.________________________________________

4 The author states that it is easy to understandthe meaning of dreams because people havebeen analysing them for centuries.________________________________________

5 If you continue writing a dream diary, you canlearn a lot about yourself.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

over

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Unit Test7


Here’s how you can helpSo, you’re worried about the environment and you

want to do something about it. Here are a few thingsyou should try out.

Stop pollution and waste, and help fight rubbishby getting a job in recycling. Local councils areemploying more people to do this. Read all theinformation available and find out what job would begood for you. Maybe you could be a driver, collectingmaterial for recycling. Or you could manage arecycling plant1. You won’t make a lot of money, butyou will be saving the planet.

Become a campaigner! Get out in public andorganise activities to help change things. Manycompanies are responsible for pollution in rivers andin the air, and campaigners spread the news about thecompanies and encourage people to take action.

If campaigning is too political for you, there is alwaysteaching. You can give courses or presentations aboutthe dangers of the rising sea levels and flooding or showhow hurricanes and tornados are also the result ofglobal warming. Education sends a message to youngpeople. If you are passionate about the environment andlike communicating, this is an excellent way to help.

So stop worrying, and start working. Make it yourcareer or simply volunteer. Every little bit helps.

1 recycling plant: a kind of factory where paper, plastic or metalrubbish is recycled.


Extreme adjectives

1 Match the adjectives with the extremeadjectives in the box.

boiling soaking exhausted freezing impossible

1 very cold _________________2 very difficult _________________3 very wet _________________4 very hot _________________5 very tired _________________

Total _____/ 5

First and second conditionals


Example: If I didn’t have a job, I will do somework for the environment. ___________

1 If global warming continues, it will threatenthe survival of many ecosystems.________________________________________

2 More people would recycle, if localgovernments help them. ________________________________________

3 If the public protested, the governmentwouldn’t build the road.________________________________________

4 If I am president, I would help the poor.________________________________________

5 If we had a hot summer, we will have watershortages.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

Third conditional

3 Complete the sentences with the correct formof the verb in brackets.1 If we’d had more money, we ______________

a house. (buy)2 If we ______________ so much, I wouldn’t

have ended the relationship. (not / argue)3 If I had passed my exams, I ______________

to university. (go)4 If my grandfather ______________ harder, he

would have had a better career. (work)5 If I ______________ her yesterday, I would

have said hello. (see)Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and answer the questions.1 How can someone know what type of

employment is ideal for them?________________________________________

2 How can some businesses have a negativeeffect on the environment?________________________________________

3 What kind of negative weather conditions arein part due to global warming?________________________________________

4 Does the author think that people shouldonly work for money? Give evidence for youranswer.________________________________________

5 Do you think this text is written for people atschool or for adults who are already in work?Give evidence for your answer.________________________________________Total_____/ 5

would do

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Unit Test8


Beating cyber-bullyingBullying is when one person or a group of people

hurt or intimidate another. It is an old problem butwith a new face. And the new face is called ‘cyber-bullying’.

Cyber-bullying is intimidation using newtechnology. Examples of this are sending threateningor abusive text messages, video clips or pictures. TheAnti-Bullying Alliance works in Britain to reducebullying and create safer environments wherechildren and young people can live, grow, play andlearn. If victims feel safe, this will help them get overthe bullying. Experts say this type of intimidation issometimes much worse than traditional forms ofbullying. The victim feels she or he can’t get away fromthe bully, unless they throw their phone away.

Fighting the cyber-bully is not always easy. Manytimes, the victims don’t admit they’ve been bullied.

An organisation called Text Someone hopes toprovide some solutions. They want to get the messageacross that ‘you can stop the bully.’ They aim toencourage young people to report bullying. They havegot into schools by using an internet service. Thisservice gives students the power to report incidents ofbullying twenty-four hours a day. Students can send atext message, email or voice message.


Technology

1 Complete the sentences using a word fromthe box.

rechargeable download screenheadphones gadget

1 To ______________ something means to moveit from the internet onto a computer.

2 A ______________ is a small device or machinelike a mobile phone or an MP3 player.

3 You can fill a ______________ battery withelectricity and use it again.

4 With ______________ you can listen to musicwithout other people hearing.

5 A ______________ is a flat surface on a monitoror TV which shows pictures and words.Total _____/ 5

Adjective order

2 Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Rewrite theincorrect sentences.1 My mum bought a huge red glass vase.

________________________________________2 My sister has a plastic light keyboard.

________________________________________3 Have you seen that blue metal box?

________________________________________4 We have some brown paper small bags.

________________________________________5 There is a triangular heavy black table in here.

________________________________________Total _____/ 5

The passive voice

3 Rewrite the sentences in the correct order.1 was / Dan / program / by / updated / the

________________________________________2 shown / how / we / use / were / it / to

________________________________________3 the / are / changed / being / computers

________________________________________4 a security / the room / is / by / system /

protected________________________________________

5 be / warned / we have / careful / been / to________________________________________Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and choose the correct answers.Find evidence to support your answers.1 Bullying has

a been around for a long time and it’s alwaysthe same.b now taken a different form.

2 If victims of bullying feel safe, it willa teach them to fight the bully.b help them recover from bullying.

3 Victims think if they don’t throw away theirphone,a they won’t escape from the bully.b everyone will know they are being bullied.

4 Fighting the cyber-bully can be difficultbecause a the bullies lie about what they have done.b the victims don’t want to say what hashappened.

5 Text Someone is a service that a can be used at all times by sendingmessages or emails.b can be used on school days by sending avoice or a text message.Total _____/ 5

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Unit Test9


A dancer’s diary – it’s tough being a tiger! ‘Next’ shouts the casting director. A woman waves

her arms and screams, ‘OK, let’s go!’ The music andlights come on. A group of us jump gracefully onto thestage. In the front row of the theatre, the director andproducer sit up quickly and take notes.

This is my life. As a professional dancer, we arealways auditioning for the next big production. Thisweek I’ve been in the Opera House at the auditions forAnthony Veber’s new musical Tigers. Hundreds ofsingers, dancers and performers have turned up.

Later I hear a journalist ask Mr Veber, the writer anddirector of Tigers, if the auditions are tough. ‘Tough?’Veber repeats. He grins, then reclines in his seat. ‘Ofcourse they’re tough,’ he replies. ‘But only the bestactors can be in my musicals. This is a huge production.We can’t make any mistakes. And it takes a week ofauditions just to find the most talented dancers.’

When I return to the stage, I am extremely nervousand fall on two of the other dancers. The castingdirector, Judy Bates, gives me a telling off. I apologiseand ask for a second chance. I’m sure I sound quitedesperate. But Bates turns to me and shrugs. ‘I’msorry,’ she says, ‘we only take the best.’

The whole scene makes me feel a little ill. I can’tbelieve I made such a silly mistake. You have to bealmost perfect in these auditions. But a professionalcan’t be put off by difficult auditions.

As I leave the Tigers audition, I stop worrying aboutmy mistake and I begin to feel a little better too.


Phrasal verbs

1 Complete the sentences using the words inthe box. You do not need two of the words.

from up down on up to out into

Example: The party was a great success.Over a hundred people turned ______.

1 My best friend really let me ______ becausehe didn’t come to my party!

2 I rang him ______ and shouted at him.3 Everyone failed the exam and the headteacher

is looking ______ the reasons why it happened.4 I hate my job! I can’t carry ______ working

there.5 We’ll figure ______ a solution.

Total _____/ 5

Reporting statements and reportingquestions

2 Complete the sentences with the correct formof the word in the box.

if where tell have to will say

Example: Deckham said he __________ notbe leaving the team.

1 He __________ the journalists that his familywere tired of being followed.

2 A sports journalist asked __________ he washappy living in Spain.

3 He __________ he was very happy.4 Another journalist asked __________ he had

met his wife. He said it was at a party.5 Suddenly he left. His manager said he

__________ collect his son from school.Total _____/ 5

Reporting verbs

3 Tick (✓) the correct sentences. Cross out theincorrect words.

Example: The director told that everyone tostand back. ______

1 She explained everybody that they weregoing to film a scene. ______

2 She warned us not to arrive late. ______ 3 She asked us if did we had phoned Tim.

______4 She suggested him that he take the

photograph later. ______ 5 She advised us to wait outside. ______

Total _____/ 5

Reading5 points

4 Read the text and say if the answers are trueor false. Correct the false sentences.1 When the dancers come onto the stage, the

people watching recline in their seats.________________________________________

2 The director laughs hysterically at thejournalist’s question.________________________________________

3 Anthony Veber says that they need sevendays to get the best people. ________________________________________

4 Judy Bates speaks angrily to the writer.________________________________________

5 The writer says that dancers are easilydiscouraged by tough auditions.________________________________________Total _____/ 5

that

would

up

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Term Tests


Tune in 1 Term TestsOn pages 68-73 you will findthree term tests to distribute toyour students at the end of eachterm during the first year of thecourse. Each test reviews three of the Tune in 1 Student’s Bookunits. They have also beendesigned to resemble the finalexamination format, to buildstudents’ confidence for theexamination right from the startof the course. To help developstudents’ oral skills, a speakingexercise is included in each test.These all involve studentsdescribing a photo for a minute.All the pictures are included onthis page for you to cut out anduse. The students will need tospeak on a one-to-one basis withtheir teacher, so you might wantto arrange this part of the test fora lesson where you or anotherteacher can talk to the studentson an individual basis.

Term

Tes

t 3

Term

Tes

t 2

Term

Tes

t 1

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Tune in 1 TERM TEST 1

Part One: READING COMPREHENSION 8 points

Learning to ski

I first went on a foreign holiday with my parents when I was sixteen. We had arranged a two-week trip toSwitzerland. For me the trip would be a life-changing experience.I grew up in Lincolnshire, a part of England which is almost completely flat, so when I arrived in the Alps

it was the first time I had been in real mountains. It was great – and very cold, minus fifteen degrees!My first view of snow-covered peaks will stay with me forever. I remember waking up in my hotel and

waiting for the sun to come up because I wanted to be on the slopes.Luckily, I already knew how to ski because I had been learning in my local sports centre on an artificial

slope. It wasn’t glamorous, being in the ski club on wet Tuesday afternoons. But, actually, when I startedskiing in the mountains, I found that my hours at the local club had really helped. Because my ski centredidn’t have fabulous views or huge slopes, I had never been distracted by scenery or by trying to reachextreme speeds. Instead I had spent my time learning the fundamentals of the sport. This meant thatslowly I had mastered the art of stopping, the manoeuvres, the techniques that you need in real life.Skiing can be risky if you don’t know what you’re doing.So when I was finally on the top of the mountain, I felt prepared. But as I was moving down the slope

for the first time, with the snow under my skis, I knew that I had never felt anything like it before. Theexperience was incredible! I was hooked!When I came home from that first trip, I spent all my spare time learning to be a ski instructor. Although

the training was expensive, it was worth it, because I knew that I wanted to live and work in themountains. I had to be disciplined about studying because there was a lot to learn. However, I made it inthe end and I now teach skiing to tourists in the French Alps. When people find out that I grew up in theflattest part of Britain, they are always amazed that I make my living as a ski instructor.

Answer the following questions, using information from the text.1 The author was impatient to go skiing. What information in the text tells us this?2 Name two things that the author learnt in his local ski centre.3 Which of the following sentences summarises the fifth paragraph?

a The author was not surprised at all by the experience of skiing on real snow.b The author was nervous about having real snow under his skis.c The author was amazed because skiing on real snow was so enjoyable.

4 Name two reasons why learning to become a ski instructor was difficult.5 Join these sentences using the words given.

When I came home from that first trip, I spent all my spare time learning to be a ski instructor.After I had ________________________________________________________________________________.

6 Which words in the text mean:a units of temperature? (paragraph 2)b very beautiful and exciting? (paragraph 4)c much greater than normal? (paragraph 4)d dangerous? (paragraph 4)e addicted? (paragraph 5)f hard-working and serious? (paragraph 6)

Part Two: WRITING 5 points

Write a formal letter to a ski centre in the Pyrenees. You want to do a gap year working withtourists at the ski centre and you have seen gap year positions on their website. Ask any questionsyou think are important. Write between 75 and 100 words.

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Part Four: SPEAKING 4 points

Your teacher will give you a picture. Describe what you see. What are the people doing? Where doyou think they are? Do you think this is a popular activity among young people today?

OR

Describe what is happening in the photo. Is this one of your pastimes? Why / Why not?Speak for one to two minutes.

Part Three: LISTENING COMPREHENSION 8 points

How the web helps you travel the world

In this radio programme you are going to hear the following words. Read and listen to them. Makesure you know what they mean.

Englishtravel agencybackpackerhandy

Read the extract and questions 1-8 carefully before listening to the radio programme.

PRESENTER: We know that many of you are probably planning your next holiday. You’ve seen the travelguides and you may have visited your local travel agency. Some of you are probably going awaywith friends, maybe as a backpacker or to stay in a fashionable hotel. And a lot of you haveprobably surfed the net to get holiday information. Recently, there’s been a big increase in thenumber of travel advisors on the World Wide Web. Websites like turnhere.com andtribewanted.com are just two examples of how we are changing the way we plan our holidays.Tom Land is here with us today. He is a travel advisor and uses some of these websites when heplans holidays with his friends. Tom, welcome to the programme.

TOM: Thank you very much.

Choose the correct answers.1 The travel advisor websites are

a offering new holiday ideas.b offering the same holidays as travel agencies.c offering holidays to new people.

2 turnhere.com have many videos of a local tourist attractions, family restaurants and

shops.b local tourist attractions and famous meals in

restaurants.c local tourist attractions, famous streets and

restaurants.3 Everyone who joins Tribewanted will

a live on Fiji for three years.b stay on Fiji for one, two or three weeks.c live on Fiji at the same time.

4 Tribewanted isa ambitious and not very old.b fun and old.c great, but sometimes it’s not much fun.

5 Tribewanted would like tourists toa help local people.b help local communities travel to another

place.c have fun and not worry about anything else.

6 Young peoplea make more holiday preparations.b have changed their holiday expectations.c don’t want new holiday locations.

7 Young people may wanta to start a hobby when they are on holiday.b their hobby to be included in their holiday.c to change their hobby as a part of their

holiday.8 The best advice is

a to use one really good website.b to explore different websites because

some are more dependable.c not to spend too much time online.


Total Points: /25

castellanoagencia de viajesmochileroútil / accesible

catalàagència de viatgesturista de motxilla útil / accessible

euskara bidai agentziabidaiarierabilgarri

galegoaxencia de viaxesmochileroútil / accesible

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Books are big news in Spain

In Spain books and reading are part of an exciting cultural calendar which everybody can enjoy. There areevents all year round, with two of the biggest in Barcelona and Madrid.23rd April is International Book Day. It is celebrated all over the world. This day was partly chosen

because it is the anniversary of two of the most important writers in world literature: Miguel de Cervantesand William Shakespeare, who both died on this day. Although the festival was first celebrated in 1995, in Spain the day has a much older connection with books. This is because 23rd April is also Saint George’sDay, which is a major celebration in Catalonia. On this day men give a rose to their loved ones, who givethem a book in return. It was the popularity of this tradition which helped UNESCO1 choose 23rd April asthe official day to celebrate books.The Book Fair in Madrid is another interesting example of a festival which promotes books and reading.

It was first celebrated in 1933, when many publishers had a small stall in one of the central avenues ofthe city. It later moved to the city’s main park, The Retiro. Every year authors from around the world visitthe book fair and thousands of book fans turn up to enjoy the occasion. There are still stalls, but todaythere are a lot more of them.The festival also includes special public events to promote reading and help people in poorer countries.

For example, in 2001, a project called A Door to Culture was created. A huge metal structure wasconstructed in the centre of Madrid. This structure held up to 50,000 books which local people haddonated. They were later sent to public libraries and schools in Central America and Colombia. This was a major demonstration of how passionate Spanish people are about books and reading.There are many similar festivals in Spain today. They show how we can encourage people to take up

reading, and to continue reading. In a world dominated by TV and the internet, it means there is stillreason for optimism about books.1 UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation. An organisation whose purpose is toencourage education and learning worldwide.

1 Answer the following questions, using information from the text.1 Why did UNESCO choose 23rd April to be International Book Day?2 Name two ways The Book Fair has changed since it began in 1933.3 What was the purpose of A Door to Culture?4 Which of the following sentences summarises the final paragraph?

a We can be hopeful about the future of books because the internet, TV and book festivals persuadepeople to read.

b Although TV and the internet are very popular, book festivals persuade people to read more.c People start reading because they are optimistic about books and because they don’t want to use

the internet.5 Join these sentences using a relative pronoun.

23rd April is International Book Day. It is celebrated all over the world.23rd April is ________________________________________________________________________________.

6 Which words in the text mean:a something which makes you feel very happy? (paragraph 1)b a place where people sell things in a market or fair? (paragraph 3)c writers? (paragraph 3)d come, appear (a phrasal verb)? (paragraph 3)e places where people borrow books? (paragraph 4)f start doing an activity or a hobby? (paragraph 5)


Write an essay with the title ‘Why is reading important for children and young people?’ Give two orthree reasons to support your opinion (examples: educate children and young people, a greathobby, learn about the world).Write between 75 and 100 words.


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Your teacher will give you a picture. Describe what you see. Why do you think the young person issleeping? Do you think this is a problem?Speak for one to two minutes.



Palm reading: past and present


Englishpalm readerpalm readinghigh blood pressureanaemicfingerprint patterns


PRESENTER: This morning we’ll be talking with Eleanor Watts, who is a regular guest on theprogramme. Today, Eleanor’s going to tell us about palm reading. Palm readers look at the lineson the inside of people’s hands and claim to be able to say things about the person’s future. It’snot exactly a science, and to many it’s nonsense. But now it seems scientists will be using palmreading in the future. Can it be true? Eleanor will explain where palm reading started and she’llalso tell us how it has developed over time. Eleanor Watts, welcome back to the programme.

ELEANOR: Thank you. I’m delighted to be here.

Choose the correct answers.1 Ancient Greek physicians

a used palm reading for medical reasons.b used palm reading because it was in the Bible.c didn’t believe in palm reading.

2 The interviewera wants Eleanor to read his palm.b doesn’t believe palm reading works.c really likes palm reading.

3 The technique called ‘cold reading’a is only a part of palm reading.b is more important today than before.c looks at a person’s character.

4 According to Eleanor, palm readinginterpretations in magazinesa normally fool people because the

interpretations are very serious.b are just entertainment and people don’t

believe them.c are about entertainment and people don’t

want to read them.5 Doctors

a are palm reading.b are warning people that palm reading isn’t

true.c are studying the palm.

castellanoquirománticoquiromancíatensión arterial alta

anémicoestampada de lashuellas

catalàquiromànticquiromànciatensió arterial alta

anèmicmarquesd’empremtes

euskara kiromantikokiromantziaarteri presio altua

anemikohatz-aztarnak

galegoquiromántico quiromancía tensión arterial alta

anémico estampada dasimpresións dixitais

6 The colour in parts of the ________ or behindthe ________ can indicate if someone isanaemic.a nail / fingersb fingers / handc hand / fingernail

7 Fingerprints cana possibly show if people have hearing

problems.b possibly show if people have skin

problems.c possibly show if people have heart

problems.8 The doctors who worked in the studies

a have investigated this area too much.b have to investigate and study this area

more.c have said they have enough scientific proof.

Total Points: /25

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Solar may just save us

Experts have repeatedly warned us that we are running out of oil. This means that if alternative sources of energy are not found, we will probably end up with a global energy crisis. One of the possible energyalternatives is solar power: obtaining energy from the sun through special solar panels.The use of solar power became popular in the 1970s, but it was considered too expensive. Since then it has

become a lot cheaper and it is now being used more in industry, as large companies like BP and Siemens haveboth entered the solar power market. In Murcia, Spain, a huge power plant will soon function using solar power.As solar power is becoming cheaper, it will become more visible in everyday life. For example, a

solar-powered boat has been designed by Christoph Behling and one of his boats can be seen in London,where the Serpentine Solar Shuttle started operating this year. Experts forecast that solar power will continueto be used by designers like Behling in new and different ways.Individuals too are looking into putting solar panels in their homes. At the moment solar panels are most

popular with people who live in the countryside, but there is a movement to bring solar power to townsand cities too. Sharp, the world’s top solar cell producer, have said that if every building in the UK hadsolar panels on its roof, this would generate more than the UK’s current electricity consumption. Thatmeans gas, nuclear power or coal would not be needed. One problem is that solar panels are very expensiveand this discourages people from using them.If you are not a homeowner, that doesn’t mean you’ll be left out. Solar panels have been built into many new

gadgets too. If you’re feeling really trendy, why not try out a solar backpack? It costs about t200, with someversions specifically for skiers and snowboarders. The solar panels in the backpack are used to charge thebatteries of other devices like MP3 players and mobile phones. And, if you like camping, you’ll be interested in a solar tent. The tent doesn’t just charge batteries – its solar panels also provide electric light inside.Sales in gadgets are expected to double over the next ten years and if the trend continues, more and

more of these gadgets will be solar-powered. That means that you don’t have to be a big corporation tohelp the environment.

Answer the following questions, using information from the text.1 Mention three things that have changed in the use of solar power since the 1970s.2 More people are using solar power at home and this generates a lot of power. Which information

in the text tells us this?3 Mention two features of the solar-powered gadgets that have appeared on the market.4 Which of the following sentences summarises the final paragraph?

a People will be more trendy in the future, but they will only want solar-powered gadgets.b People will be buying more gadgets and helping big corporations to save the environment.c People will be buying more gadgets and more gadgets will be available with environmentally

friendly features.5 Rewrite the following sentence using the words given.

A solar-powered boat has been designed by Christoph Behling.Christoph Behling __________________________________________________________________________.

6 Which words in the text mean:a said that something bad was going to happen? (paragraph 1)b very big? (paragraph 2)c predict? (paragraph 3)d investigating? (paragraph 4)e not be included? (paragraph 5)f use for the first time? (paragraph 5)


Write a dialogue between two people. You could choose a teacher and a student, or two teenagefriends. They are discussing ‘Is solar power important?’ Think about topics such as protecting theenvironment, replacing oil, cost of energy, etc.Write between 75 and 100 words.


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Your teacher will give you a picture. Describe what you see. Where do you think the two peopleare? What type of show are they doing? Would you like to do something like this?Speak for one to two minutes.



Shakespeare at school has never been so much fun


Englishperformabridgedcastperformancea deprived area


PRESENTER: Today we’re talking about Shakespeare in schools. I remember the first time I studiedShakespeare. Talk about boring! It wasn’t until I saw his plays performed at university that Iunderstood what Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth were really about. I remember thinking, ‘if I hadseen that at school, I would have understood a lot more.’ Well, it looks like schools have got overthe problem. The Shakespeare Schools Festival started in 2000 with eight schools. Six years later,there are 1,200 schools in the UK taking part in the festival and over 25,000 students involved. Ourguests today have both participated in the festival. Lindsey Kearns is a teacher who has directedstudents in several plays, and Josh Reeves is a student who has acted in the festival. Lindsey, Josh,welcome to the show.

LINDSEY: Thank you.JOSH: Thanks a lot.

Choose the correct answers.1 The Shakespeare Schools Festival is for students

a between the age of eleven and sixteen who arenot in a youth theatre.

b who are sixteen and go to secondary school.c who are in secondary school or a youth theatre

and are between eleven and sixteen.2 The Director’s Master Class would

a help teachers to direct their play.b choose teachers to direct the plays.c select professionals to direct the plays.

3 On the day of the performance a four schools each perform a different

Shakespeare play.b the schools perform at four different theatres.c four schools perform the same Shakespeare

play. 4 Lindsey’s students

a have a few opportunities like other youngpeople.

b don’t have as many opportunities as otheryoung people.

c have amazing opportunities at the school.

castellanorepresentarabreviadorepartoactuaciónun barrio marginal

catalàrepresentarabreujatrepartimentactuacióun barri marginal

euskara antzeztumurriztuaaktoreen zerrenda antzezlanauzo baztertua

galegorepresentarabreviado elenco actuación un barrio marxinal

5 Lindsey says that the festival is a a way to educate great students.b a great way to educate students.c a way to answer great students.

6 If Josh had not been part of the festivala he would have had more fun.b he would not have understood

Shakespeare.c he would not have made some new

friends.7 The Shakespeare Youth Festival is

a for sixteen to nineteen-year-olds and theirteachers.

b for fifteen to nineteen-year-olds only.c for sixteen to nineteen-year-olds, and the

teachers don’t participate.8 For the City of Culture celebrations in

Liverpoola twenty productions will be represented.b forty productions will be represented.c four hundred productions will be

represented.

Total Points: /25

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Listening scriptsTerm Test 1PRESENTER: We know that many of you are probably

planning your next holiday. You’ve seen the travelguides and you may have visited your local travelagency. Some of you are probably going away withfriends, maybe as a backpacker or to stay in afashionable hotel. And a lot of you have probablysurfed the net to get holiday information. Recently,there’s been a big increase in the number of traveladvisors on the World Wide Web. Websites liketurnhere.com and tribewanted.com are just twoexamples of how we are changing the way we planour holidays.Tom Land is here with us today. He is a travel advisorand uses some of these websites when he plansholidays with his friends. Tom, welcome to the programme.

TOM: Thank you very much.PRESENTER: Tom, there are travel agencies in every city

and small town. So, why are people using theinternet to look for holidays?

TOM: Well, travel agencies are generally very good. Butpeople are looking for new and different types ofholidays. The travel advisor websites are offeringvery original ways to travel. People can researchthese sites with their friends, from work or fromhome, so it’s very handy.

PRESENTER: Why don’t you tell us a few examples of theones you use?

TOM: You mentioned turnhere.com before. I usually usethat one. They have a lot of videos of local touristattractions, famous streets, restaurants and shops. So you can see the places before you set off on yourtrip, and get a good idea of what they might be like.Sometimes a photograph or an article is not enough.When you actually see a video, it can often be muchmore attractive.

PRESENTER: Right. And what about the other website,tribewanted.com? What is that?

TOM: Tribewanted is an online project. A group of peopleare trying to build a special community on the islandof Fiji. They are inviting 5,000 people to join them.

PRESENTER: 5,000 on one tropical island!TOM: Yes, but the project is three years long. The 5,000

people go to the island at different times. It’s possibleto go to the island for one, two or three weeks only,depending on how much money you spend.

PRESENTER: Right. And what do you like about it? AboutTribewanted?

TOM: This is a great idea for people who are looking foradventure. It is a new and ambitious project. It’sabout having fun, but also trying to have a positiveeffect on the place you visit. They want to promoteresponsible tourism. It’s about helping thecommunities who live in the place you want to travelto. It’s a really clever idea.

PRESENTER: I see. There are so many different types oftravel advisor websites. There seems to be one for

every different type of person. Why is there somuch choice?

TOM: More young people are travelling than before.Their expectations have changed. They’re interestedin different locations. Maybe they have a hobby likeclimbing, canoeing or doing sport or yoga, so theywant this to be part of the holiday as well. If a groupof friends goes on holiday, maybe they wantnightlife, but they may also have individual intereststoo. So the travel advisory websites realise that theconsumer is asking for more.

PRESENTER: What advice can you give our listeners if theywant to use these websites?

TOM: The best advice is to explore. Look at differentwebsites: some are more reliable than others, so it’spossible that you’ll have to look around. And bepatient because, as you say, there’s a lot of choice.You might spend some time looking around, buteventually you will find something for you.

PRESENTER: It sounds like things are going to changeeven more in the future. Tom Land, thanks a lot fortalking to us today.

Term Test 2PRESENTER: This morning we’ll be talking with Eleanor

Watts, who is a regular guest on the programme.Today, Eleanor’s going to tell us about palm reading.Palm readers look at the lines on the inside of people’shands and claim to be able to say things about theperson’s future. It’s not exactly a science, and to manyit’s nonsense. But now it seems scientists will be usingpalm reading in the future. Can it be true? Eleanor willexplain where palm reading started and she’ll also tellus how it has developed over time. Eleanor Watts,welcome back to the programme.

ELEANOR: Thank you. I’m delighted to be here.PRESENTER: First of all, Eleanor, you must tell us something

about the history of palm reading, because we know itgoes back a very long way, doesn’t it?

ELEANOR: Fortune-telling goes back a very long way. It ismentioned in the Bible. We know that palm readingitself was used by some Ancient Greek physicians,who used it for medical reasons. But it has alsoexisted for a long time among Indian mystics. Andit’s still quite popular today.

PRESENTER: But come on! Nobody really believes the ideathat a person can read your future by looking at yourpalm.

ELEANOR: Predicting the future is a part of palm reading.This is called ‘cold reading’, and historically, it hasbeen more important. Today, a lot of palm readinglooks at a person’s character, not at their future. A lot of people who criticise palm reading think it’sall about ‘cold reading’, which isn’t really true.

PRESENTER: What about the palm-reading interpretationswe see in hundreds of magazines?

ELEANOR: In my opinion, this is just entertainment.People read them, but I’m not sure if they take them

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very seriously. People are not taken in by it. Youdon’t have to believe it, to enjoy it.

PRESENTER: So palm reading is just a bit of fun?ELEANOR: It is. But interestingly, today many scientists are

studying the palm.PRESENTER: Doctors are palm reading?ELEANOR: No. But doctors are looking at the hands to

learn about people’s future health.PRESENTER: Really?ELEANOR: Yes. There have been some studies which show

that it can be useful. Recently a British medical teamsuggested that by measuring someone’s palm, youcould see if the person has a tendency to have highblood pressure.

PRESENTER: High blood pressure. Anything else?ELEANOR: Yes. One British doctor, Dr Graham Archard,

says there are a lot of things which we can learn fromthe hand. The colour in parts of the hand or behindthe fingernail can indicate if someone is anaemic.

PRESENTER: I see.ELEANOR: Some other research suggests that there might

be a connection between specific fingerprintpatterns and heart problems. However, this is a newarea of study.

PRESENTER: So you’re saying that there might be amodern science of palm reading?

ELEANOR: Something like that! But even the doctors whoworked in these studies say that more investigation isgoing to be needed. They have to study this area more.

PRESENTER: It’s all very interesting. Well, that’s all wehave time for. Eleanor, thanks again for coming in totalk to us.

ELEANOR: My pleasure.

Term Test 3PRESENTER: Today we’re talking about Shakespeare in

schools. I remember the first time I studiedShakespeare. Talk about boring! It wasn’t until I saw hisplays performed at university that I understood whatRomeo and Juliet and Macbeth were really about. Iremember thinking, ‘if I had seen that at school, I wouldhave understood a lot more.’ Well, it looks like schoolshave got over the problem. The Shakespeare SchoolsFestival started in 2000 with eight schools. Six yearslater, there are 1,200 schools in the UK taking part in thefestival and over 25,000 students involved. Our gueststoday have both participated in the festival. LindseyKearns is a teacher who has directed students in severalplays, and Josh Reeves is a student who has acted in thefestival. Lindsey, Josh, welcome to the show.

LINDSEY: Thank you.JOSH: Thanks a lot.PRESENTER: Lindsey, how does the festival work, then?LINDSEY: The festival is open to every secondary school and

youth theatre in Great Britain. Students between theages of eleven and sixteen perform the plays in theirlocal professional theatre for a week in February.

PRESENTER: What plays are usually performed?

LINDSEY: Hamlet and Henry V have been done at myschool. Then there are the plays you mentionedbefore, Macbeth or Romeo and Juliet. They’re alsoperformed by a lot of schools. But there are fifteenabridged Shakespeare plays that schools can choose.

PRESENTER: How do the schools prepare the production?LINDSEY: In September the teachers attend a Director’s

Master Class with professionals.PRESENTER: Did you go on this course?LINDSEY: Oh yes. It was excellent. If I hadn’t been on the

Master Class, I wouldn’t have known where to begin.PRESENTER: So that course gives the teachers some help.

Is there professional help for the students too?LINDSEY: In January the casts receive a half-day workshop.

The workshops are designed to prepare the casts fortheir performance.

PRESENTER: What happens on the day of the performance?LINDSEY: Four schools each perform a different, half-hour

Shakespeare play at the same theatre. Parents,colleagues, schoolchildren and the general public turnup to see the shows. At the end of the evening, all thecasts are invited back on stage for professionalfeedback on their show.

PRESENTER: What do the students think of the festival? LINDSEY: My students have always worked really hard and

done a great show. They’ve never let me down. I teachin a deprived area of London. The students at theschool have fewer opportunities than other youngpeople. Students have told me that acting in the playshelped them gain confidence. When I asked them ifthe festival helped them understand Shakespearemore, the answer was a big ‘yes’. It’s a great way toeducate students.

PRESENTER: Josh, you’ve been in the festival a few times.Would you agree with what Lindsey says?

JOSH: Definitely. I think Lindsey forgot to say that thefestival is also great fun. I’ve made some great friendsfrom acting in it. If I hadn’t been in the play, I’d neverhave met them. And there were all types of people too,from all backgrounds, which was great. It’s so diverse.

PRESENTER: Josh, you are not actually part of theShakespeare Schools Festival any more because you’reseventeen. Are you still performing now?

JOSH: Yes, I am. The schools festival was so successful thatthere’s now a Shakespeare Youth Festival. This is forsixteen-to nineteen-year-olds and the students havecomplete control. They set up their own theatrecompany and prepare a forty-five minute production.About 400 companies have been set up and the besttwenty productions will represent the festival in theLiverpool City of Culture celebrations. If our schoolwins, we’ll ring you up and invite you to Liverpool tosee the show.

PRESENTER: Well I can’t wait to see the results. Josh andLindsey, I think they’re both wonderful festivals, and Ionly wish they’d been around when I was at school.And, if you enjoyed today’s show, remember thatLindsey and Josh will be coming back to the show in a few weeks.

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Unit Tests answer key Unit 1 TestVocabulary & Grammar 15 points

1 Pastimes and adjectives1 always = because always is not an adjective,

it is an adverb.2 mature = because the other three adjectives

describe physical appearance. Mature usuallydescribes a person’s personality or character.

3 plump = because the other three adjectivesdescribe personality or character. Plumpdescribes physical appearance.

4 patient = because the other three adjectiveshave a negative prefix.

5 arguing with my parents = because this is nota pastime. The other three activities arepastimes.

2 Adverbs of frequency1 I occasionally go shopping at the weekend. 2 My mum is always at work during the day. 3 My cat normally eats fresh fish. 4 My brothers are rarely at home on a Saturday.5 I can usually go climbing if the weather is good.

3 Present Simple and Present Continuous1 ✓2 ✗ Our class is/are doing exams this week.3 ✗ I don’t understand our maths homework.4 ✗ Be quiet! I am watching television.5 ✓

Reading 5 points

4 1b 2a 3a 4b 5b

Unit 3 TestVocabulary & Grammar 15 points

1 Phrasal verbs1 out2 up3 in

2 Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple1 has never been2 have known3 went

3 Present Perfect Simple and Continuous1 have read2 have been skiing3 has seen

Reading 5 points

4 1 False. She wanted to learn English because itwas an important part of her studies (hercourse).

2 True.3 False. She was looking forward to a new

adventure.4 True. 5 False. She said it was terrific.


1 Compound nouns1 sunglasses2 cellphone3 backpack


1 Sports1 swimming2 football/handball3 athletics/running

2 Past Simple and Past Continuous1 ✓2 ✗ As I was playing chess, the phone rang.3 ✓4 ✗ My mum arrived home and then she

phoned a friend.5 ✗ Steve broke his leg when he was playing

football.

3 Past Simple and Past Perfect1 had run2 had met3 had told

Reading 5 points

4 1 No. She used to go climbing a lot.2 It started to rain when they were walking in

the mountains.3 Her parents/family warned her never to climb

when it was raining.4 The writer fell as she was running to jump off

a rock.5 John had shouted to warn her that it wasn’t

safe.

4 off5 off

4 Have you everspoken

5 visited

4 have, been playing5 have been cooking

4 airline5 daredevil

4 riding/horse riding5 cycling

4 finished5 had climbed

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2 Future forms: will, going to, PresentContinuous1 am having2 will go3 is going to paint

3 Future forms: will, Future Perfect, FutureContinuous1 ✓2 ✓3 you will have travelled4 I’ll have5 the film will have finished

Reading 5 points

4 1 b (2 points)2 Possible answers (1 point each)

1 she loves writing and she studiesphotography at school so she thinks itcould be a great job.

2 it is the best way to start a film career.3 people will be making more films on

computers.


1 Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing1 excited2 frightening3 interested

2 About books1 author2 setting

3 Relative clauses1 Ray Bradbury, who is one of America’s most

successful science fiction writers, was born inIllinois.

2 When he was 14 his family moved to LosAngeles, where he went to high school.

3 He wrote Fahrenheit 451, which is one of hismost popular works.

4 Fahrenheit 451 is also a film which was madein 1966.

5 There is a crater on the moon which is namedafter one of his novels.

Reading 5 points

4 1b 2c 3b 4c 5a

4 am meeting5 will get

4 depressed5 boring

5 villain3 blurb4 heroine


1 Expressions with sleep1 I used to sleepwalk when I was younger.2 If you have a problem, it’s a good idea to

sleep on it.3 When the film ended, I was fast asleep.4 Reading helps me get to sleep easily.5 My parents sleep in at the weekend.

2 have to, don’t have to, can, can’t1 have to2 don’t have to3 can’t

3 can or could1 can’t2 could

Reading 5 points

4 1 True. The text says it is thrilling to writeabout the unconscious.

2 False. The text says the examples given arejust a few.

3 False. The text suggests waking up, lying stilland remembering your dream. Then itsuggests getting up and writing it down.

4 False. The text says the study of dreams is arelatively new science, and as a result it isdifficult to give true meaning to dreams.

5 True. The text says if you don’t give up, it ispossible to understand more about who youare and what makes you work.

3 can’t4 can’t

5 couldn’t

4 can5 have to


1 Extreme adjectives1 freezing2 impossible

2 First and second conditionals1 ✓2 More people would recycle, if local

governments helped them.3 ✓4 If I was/were president, I would help the

poor.5 If we have a hot summer, we will have water

shortages.

3 soaking4 boiling

5 exhausted

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Unit Tests answer key


1 Technology1 download2 gadget3 rechargeable4 headphones5 screen

2 Adjective order1 ✓2 My sister has a light plastic keyboard.3 ✓4 We have some small, brown paper bags.5 There is a heavy, triangular, black table in

here.

3 The passive voice1 The program was updated by Dan.2 We were shown how to use it.3 The computers are being changed.4 The room is protected by a security system.5 We have been warned to be careful.

Reading 5 points

4 1 b Bullying is an old problem but with a newface.

2 b If victims feel safe, this will help them getover the bullying.

3 a The victim feels she or he can’t get awayfrom the bully, unless they throw their phoneaway.

3 Third conditional1 would have bought/’d have bought2 had not argued/hadn’t argued3 would have gone/‘d have gone4 had worked5 had seen

Reading 5 points

4 Possible answers1 By reading all the information available.2 Many companies are responsible for

pollution in rivers and in the air.3 Hurricanes and tornados are due in part to

global warming.4 No, because in the last line the author says

that people should volunteer.5 The text is written for adults who are already in

work, not for young people at school. Evidencefor this is the suggestion that readers canbecome drivers or manage a recycling plant.

4 b Many times, the victims don’t admitthey’ve been bullied.

5 a This service gives students the power toreport incidents of bullying twenty-four hoursa day.


1 Phrasal verbs1 down2 up3 into4 on5 out

2 Reporting statements and reportingquestions1 told2 if3 said4 where5 had to

3 Reporting verbs1 She explained everybody that they were

going to film a scene.2 ✓3 She asked us if did we had phoned Tim.4 She suggested him that he take the

photograph later.5 ✓

Reading 5 points

4 1 False. When the dancers come onto the stage,the people watching sit up and take notes.

2 False. The director grins at the journalist’squestion.

3 True.4 True.5 False. The writer says that dancers can’t be

put off by difficult auditions.

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Term Tests answer keyMarking guide

Each Term Test is marked out of 25.Part One: Reading comprehension (8 points)Award 1 point for each correct answer inquestions 1-5. Question 6 in each readingsection is a vocabulary exercise: award 1/2

point for each correct vocabulary answer a-f.Part Two: Writing (5 points)Award 2 points for organisation of the text(paragraphing, linkers, etc.). Award 2 points for

style, for example, for using the standard phrasesexpected in a formal letter. Award 1 point foraccurate spelling.Part Three: Listening comprehension (8 points)Award 1 point for each correct answer.Part Four: Speaking (4 points)Award 1 point for speaking without the need forprompting by the teacher. Award 2 points for useof tenses and vocabulary. Award 1 point foranswering the question directly and accurately.

Term Test 1

WritingModel answer

Naranja 25, 4b28012 Madrid

25 OctoberDear Sir or Madam,I am writing to introduce myself and find out more about yourorganisation. My name is Antonio Muñoz and I am 18 years old.

I saw an advertisement last week for gap-year positions at your skicentre. I have already visited your website and I am interested infinding out more about your organisation. I am very interested inskiing and I have had experience of working with tourists. I speaktwo languages: Spanish and English.

Could you tell me more about your organisation? Where are youbased in the Pyrenees?

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,Antonio Muñoz

This test reviews units 1-3 of the Tune in 1 Student’s Book.

Reading comprehension1 The author says he remembers waking up in his hotel and waiting for the sun to come up because he

wanted to be on the slopes.2 Any two of the following: the fundamentals of the sport, the art of stopping, the manoeuvres and the

techniques that are needed in real life.3 c4 Because it was expensive and there was a lot to learn.5 After I had come home from that first trip, I spent all my spare time learning to be a ski instructor.6 a degrees

b glamorous

Listening comprehension1a 2c 3b 4a 5a 6b 7b 8b

c extremed risky

e hookedf disciplined

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Term Test 3This test reviews units 7-9 of the Tune in 1 Student’s Book.

Reading comprehension1 Any three of the following: solar power has

become a lot cheaper. It is now used more in industry and large companies like BP andSiemens have both entered the solar powermarket. In Murcia, Spain, a huge power plantwill soon function using solar power. It is alsobecoming more visible in everyday life.

2 There is a movement to bring solar power totowns and cities too. Sharp, the world’s topsolar cell producer, have said that if everybuilding in the UK had solar panels on itsroof, this would generate more than the UK’scurrent electricity consumption. That meansgas, nuclear power or coal would not beneeded.

3 The solar panels in the backpack are used to charge the batteries of other devices likeMP3 players and mobile phones. The solartent provides electric light inside.

4 c5 Christoph Behling has designed a solar-

powered boat.6 a warned

b hugec forecast

WritingModel answer

TEACHER: Is solar power really important?STUDENT: Yes, it is. There is a problem with oil.

It’s running out and we need to replace it. TEACHER: But how can we use solar power?STUDENT: If everyone puts a solar panel on

their house, it will provide enough powerfor the whole country.

TEACHER: Aren’t solar panels expensive?STUDENT: Yes, but if you buy solar panels, you

won’t need to pay for electricity ever again!All your electricity will be free.

TEACHER: But everyone has to put a panel ontheir house?

STUDENT: No, we could build solar powerstations instead. One is being built inMurcia at the moment.

Listening comprehension1c 2a 3a 4b 5b 6c 7c 8a

Reading comprehension1 Because it is the anniversary of the deaths of

Shakespeare and Cervantes. It is alsobecause of the popularity of St. George’sDay in Catalonia, when people give books.(Students must include all the information toanswer the question correctly).

2 It has moved from one of the city’s mainavenues to the city’s main park and there arenow a lot more stalls.

3 It was a special public event to promotereading and help people in poorer countries.

4 b5 23rd April is International Book Day, which is

celebrated all over the world.6 a exciting

b stallc authorsd turn upe (public) librariesf take up

WritingModel answer

I think reading is really important forchildren and young people. I believe it isessential for two reasons.

Firstly, reading helps them to learn newvocabulary and understand grammar. What ismore, it also teaches children to understandideas and arguments.

Secondly, reading is a great hobby. Bookscan tell you about new people and differentcountries. Reading helps you learn about theworld and it is great fun too. Besides, it is ahobby that stays with you for your whole life.

In conclusion, I would say that reading isone of the best ways to educate children andyoung people.

Listening comprehension1a 2b 3a 4b 5c 6c 7c 8b

d looking intoe left outf try out

Term Test 2This test reviews units 4-6 of the Tune in 1 Student’s Book.

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Richmond Publishing4 King Street CloistersAlbion PlaceLondon W6 0QTUnited Kingdom

© 2007 by Neil Collins, Sarah Dague, Ruth Howarth and Patrick Howarth© 2007 by Santillana Educación, S.L. / Richmond Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publishers.

Printed in Spain by D.L.: C.P.: 840210

Tune in to Vocabulary and Grammar, Tune in to Writing and Tune in to Culture pages: Sarah Dague

Tune in to Reading pages: Ruth Howarth and Patrick Howarth

Unit Tests and Term Tests: Neil Collins

Euskera translations: Idoia Llama

Editorial team: Richmond Publishing and Alastair Lane

Cover design: Novimago, S.L.

Design and layout: Novimago, S.L.

Illustrations: Piet Luthi

Photo research: Amparo Rodríguez

Technical coordination: Rocío Lominchar, Rosa Marín, Jesús Muela, Antonio Ocaña, Javier Tejeda

Technical Director: Ángel García Encinar

Art Director: José Crespo

The publishers would like to thank all of those who have given their kind permission to reproducephotographs for this book:J. Jaime; A. G. E. FOTOSTOCK/Glamour International; ALBUM/LIONS GATE FILMS/Jaap Buitendijk; CORDON PRESS/Universal/courtesy Everett Collection, REUTERS/John Gress; COVER/CORBIS/Lynn Goldsmith, Stockbyte, O. Alamany & E. Vicens, Lester Lefkowitz; EFE/Carmelo Rubio; EFE/SIPA-PRESS/IMAGE/SINTESI/SIPA; LOBO PRODUCCIONES / C. Sanz; NASA; Archivo Cruz Roja; J. Cerezo; SERIDEC PHOTOIMAGENES CD; ARCHIVO SANTILLANA

Every effort has been made to trace the holders of copyright before publication. The publishers will be pleased to rectify any error or omissions at the earliest opportunity.

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Documents

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