Tuesday, December 2

GUM 5.7

Composition 3.7

Literary Analysis and Composition 2014-2015

GUM 5.7• What are our lesson objectives?

• What will I be able to do by the end of this lesson?

• I will be able to:

• Identify the function of a relative pronoun in a sentence.

• Identify sentences as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.

• Distinguish among adverb, adjective, and noun clauses in sentences.

• Identify the word that an adjective or adverb clause modifies.

• Identify the use of a noun clause in a sentence.

• Distinguish between independent and subordinate clauses in sentences.

Keywords and Pronunciation• adjective : a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or pronoun

• adjective clause : a subordinate clause that is used to modify a noun or pronoun

• adjective phrase : a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun

• adverb : a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

• adverb clause : a subordinate clause that is used mainly to modify a verb

• adverb phrase : a prepositional phrase that is used to modify a verb, adjective, or adverb

• antecedent : a word or group of words that a pronoun replaces, or refers to

• clause : a group of words that has a subject and a verb

Keywords and Pronunciation• complex sentence : a sentence that consists of one independent

clause and one or more subordinate clauses

• compound sentence : two or more simple sentences, joined by a comma and coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon

• compound subject : two or more subjects connected by and or or that have the same verb

• compound verb : two or more verbs connected by and or or that have the same subject

• compound-complex sentence : a sentence that consists of two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause

Keywords and Pronunciation• dependent clause : another name for a subordinate clause

• direct object : a noun or pronoun that answers the question What? or Whom? after an action verb

• essential clause : a clause that is necessary to a sentence’s meaning

• independent, or main, clause : a clause that can stand alone as a sentence because it expresses a complete idea

• indirect object : a noun or pronoun that answers the question To or for whom? or To or for what? after an action verb

• main clause : another name for an independent clause

• misplaced modifier : a word or phrase that seems to modify the wrong word or words because it is too far from what it describes

• modifier : a word or phrase that describes or changes another word's or phrase's meaning

Keywords and Pronunciation• nonessential clause : a clause that is not necessary to a

sentence’s meaning

• noun : a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea

• noun clause : a subordinate clause that is used as a noun

• object of a preposition : a noun or pronoun that follows a preposition and completes its meaning

• phrase : a group of related words that acts as a single part of speech

• predicate nominative : a noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and identifies, renames, or explains the subject

• preposition : a word that shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence

• pronoun : a word that takes the place of one or more nouns

Keywords and Pronunciation• relative pronoun : a pronoun that relates an adjective clause to the noun

or pronoun the clause describes

• sentence : a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought

• sentence structure : the combination of independent and subordinate clauses in a sentence; the four different kinds of sentence structure are simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex

• simple sentence : a sentence that has one subject and one verb, either or both of which may be compound

• subject : a noun or pronoun that names whom or what a sentence is about

• subordinate, or dependent, clause : a clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence because it does not express a complete thought

• subordinating conjunction : a conjunction that introduces an adverb clause

• verb : a word used to express an action or a state of being

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 1. The evening dinner cruise was considerably more fun than I had expected.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 2. We traveled up the west shore of Seneca Lake.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 3. After we had been aboard for half an hour, dinner finally was served.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 4. The food was unexciting, but the exotic atmosphere was truly delightful.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 5. When dinner was over, we all went downstairs, and a band serenaded us.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 6. The man who led the band was really a showman.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 7. How he danced around made everyone laugh.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 8. As the band took a break, I watched a nearby sailboat.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 9. I asked the two women next to me whether they enjoyed sailing.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Let’s Practice!• Classify each sentence or underlined part of

the sentence.

• 10. As it turned out, one of them was a sailing instructor.

• A. simple sentence

• B. compound sentence

• C. complex sentence

• D. compound-complex sentence

Composition 3.7• What are our lesson objectives?

• What will I be able to do by the end of this lesson?

• I will be able to:

• Identify and use the steps in the writing process: prewriting, writing, and revising.

• Write an argument with an introduction that includes a strong thesis statement.

• Write an argument with a body that includes recognition of opposing views and concedes a point.

• Write an argument with a body that includes examples, evidence, and quotations as needed to support the thesis.

• Write an argument with a conclusion that restates the thesis or makes a call to action.

• Use feedback from others to plan, draft, or revise writing.

• Use an appropriate pattern of organization and transitions.

Additional Resources• Checklist for Revising an Argument

• Peer Feedback: Tell Me About My Writing

• Peer Review Sign-Up