Tuesday, April 22, 2014

Goal: 10.8.5 Analyze & explain in detail Hitler’s policy of pursuing racial purity & his “Final Solution”

In-class: 16.3 The Holocaust Notes

Reflection # 4: The Holocaust

What 3 things do you know about the Holocaust? You must answer in complete sentences.

Homework: School begins at 8:15 tomorrow!!!

16.3 The Holocaust

Ms. WyattSpring 2014

Anti-Semitism

Nazi’s propose new racial order Aryans—master race of Germanic

peoples All non-Aryans were inferior;

especially Jews Holocaust—mass slaughter of Jews

and other groups Kristallnacht—start of the

Holocaust; “Night of Broken Glass”

1935 Nuremburg Laws

Stripped Jews of their German citizenship

Stripped of jobs and property

Banned marriage between Jews and non-Jews

Had to wear the Star of David Yellow badge

“The Jews are our misfortune.”

Attempts to Flee

Many tried to flee to Palestine or the US.

Ships left Germany for Cuba—not allowed to unload

Denied access to U.S.

Forced to return to Germany

Half died in camps

Ghettos

Hitler will move Jews into Ghettos—segregated Jewish areas

Ghetto—Polish word for neighborhood

Ghettos were then sealed off

Some Jews will form resistance groups

Jews will struggle to keep traditions

Police action in the Warsaw ghetto

Jewish children in Lodz Ghetto on their way toward

transports to Chelmno Death Camp

Hitler’s “Final Solution”

Genocide—deliberate and systematic killing of a group of people

Final Solution—kill all Jews in Europe

Death camps (gas chambers) & labor camps

Also sent gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, physically & mentally handicapped

Medical experimentation (Josef Mengele)

A Jewish man

wearing the yellow star walks along a street in Germany.

One of the most famous photos taken during the Holocaust

shows Jewish families arrested by Nazis during the

destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto in Poland, and sent to be

gassed at Treblinka extermination camp.

A view of Majdanek, which served as a concentration

camp and also as a killing center for Jews.

Life in a Concentration Camp A prisoner in Dachau is

forced to stand without moving for endless hours as a punishment. He is wearing a triangle patch identification on his chest.

A chart of prisoner triangle identification markings used in Nazi concentration camps which allowed the guards to easily see which type of prisoner any individual was.

At Belzec death camp, SS Guards stand in

formation outside the kommandant's house.

Nazis sift through the enormous pile of

clothing left behind by the victims of a

massacre. (1941)

Soviet POWs at forced labor in 1943 exhuming bodies in the

ravine at Babi Yar, where the Nazis had murdered over 33,000

Jews in September of 1941.

Survivors in Mauthausen open one of the crematoria ovens

for American troops who are inspecting the camp.

A warehouse full of shoes and clothing confiscated from the

prisoners and deportees gassed upon their arrival. The Nazis

shipped these goods to Germany.

A mass grave in Bergen-Belsen concentration

camp.

Young survivors behind a barbed

wire fence in

Buchenwald.

Between 1939 and 1945

six million Jews were murdered, along with hundreds of thousands of others, such as Gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, disabled and the mentally ill.

Mauthausen Concentration Camp Entrance

Mauthausen Concentration Camp-

Stairs of Death

Mauthausen Concentration Camp-Memorial Statue

Mauthausen Concentration Camp-Memorial Statue

16 of the 44 children taken from a French children’s home.

They were sent to a concentration camp and later to Auschwitz.

ONLY 1 SURVIVED

A group of children at a concentration

camp in Poland.

Part of a stockpile of Zyklon-B poison gas pellets found at Majdanek death camp.

Before poison gas was used , Jews were gassed in mobile gas vans. Carbon monoxide gas from the engine’s exhaust was fed into the sealed rear compartment. Victims were dead by the time they reached the burial site.

Smoke rises as the bodies are burnt.

Jewish women, some holding infants, are forced to wait in a line before their execution by Germans and Ukrainian collaborators.

A German policeman shoots individual Jewish women who remain alive in the ravine after the mass execution.

Portrait of two-year-old Mania Halef, a Jewish child who was among the 33,771 persons shot by the SS during the mass executions at Babi Yar, September, 1941.

Nazis sift through a huge pile of clothes left by victims of the massacre.Two year old Mani Halef’s clothes are somewhere amongst these.

After liberation, an Allied soldier displays a stash of gold

wedding rings taken from victims at Buchenwald.

Bales of hair shaven from women at Auschwitz, used to make felt-yarn.

Soviet POWs at forced labor in 1943 exhuming bodies in the ravine at Babi Yar, where the Nazis had murdered over 33,000 Jews in September of 1941.

In 1943, when the number of murdered Jews exceeded 1 million. Nazis ordered the bodies of those buried to be dug up and burned to destroy all traces.

“Until September 14, 1939 my life was typical of a young Jewish boy in that part of the world in that period of time.

I lived in a Jewish community surrounded by gentiles. Aside from my immediate family, I had many relatives and knew all the town people, both Jews and gentiles. Almost two weeks after the outbreak of the war and shortly after my Bar Mitzvah, my world exploded.

In the course of the next five and a half years I lost my entire family and almost everyone I ever knew. Death, violence and brutality became a daily occurrence in my life while I was still a young teenager.”

Leonard Lerer, 1991

Secondary Source Document “The Ballad of the Doomed Jew of

Europe” You must complete the summary correctly to get credit for the worksheet. All the lines must be filled in, written in normal handwriting

Possible summary ideas to write about (you do not have to use all ideas): Why did the U.S. not stop the Holocaust? How do you think Americans felt after learning about the

Holocaust? Do you think they felt guilt, sadness, nothing, etc? why?

Was it up to the U.S./ rest of the world to stop the Holocaust?

Genocides still occur today. Is it up to the U.S./rest of the world to stop genocides, or should they stay out of other countries’ business? When should they intervene?