TEACHER TIPS 2nd

BatxilleratLESSON 4

“For” and “To” to express

reason Both “to” and “for” are used to express reason and can

be translated as “para”

Remember to is used before verbs

I came to Esplugues to work.

Remember to use for before nouns

I came to Esplugues for a new job.

Never use “for to”

Phrasal verbs Lesson 1Come up with / Find out / pick out

Our ancestors ______________ that plants with a

bitter taste were often poisonous.

Our noses can ____________as many as 10.000

smells.

Scientists have _________ with an explanation.

Found out

Pick out

Come up

with

Phrasal verbs Lesson 2 Hand out / Packed out /Put up / Put on /Set off

During the Diwali festival

People ________ gifts and sweets.

People __________ lights all over the city.

Lots of fireworks are ___________ every May Day.

The dancers _______ a show

Around 100,000 Barça fans ______________ the

stadium to see the game.

Put on

Hand out

Set off

Put up

Packed out

Look

Good

Bad

Dress

Well

Badly

Vocabulary page 43

A stunning picture

Strive to look beautiful

Spread the wordTo be taken aback

To be let off the

hook

Basics about the Passive 1 We use it when the actor or agent is: unknown – My laptop was taken!

Unimportant - Coffee is produced in Brazil

We do not want to put the blame on anyone-The window was broken

You are stating a general truth – They are made for each other

The focus is on whatever / whoever gets the action done - My car is being repaired

To talk about processes – After soda is mixed with water…

Basics about the passive II We only use the passive with transitive verbs, that is,

verbs that have an object.

We sometimes replace the verb be with the verb get. This is more common in spoken English.

Students who do not hand in their homework in time will get punished.

It is possible to convert almost any structure from active to passive

The passive is NOT formal register in English, unlike in Spanish or Catalan.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE (* Possible but not

actually used)

He breaks the window The window is broken

He is breaking the window The window is being broken

He broke the window The window was broken

He was breaking the window The window was being broken

He has broken the window The window has been broken

He has been breaking the window *The window has been being broken

He had broken the window The window had been broken

He had been breaking the window *The window had been being broken

He can break the window The window can be broken

He should break the window The window should be broken

He is going to break the window The window is going to be broken

He will break the window The window will be broken

He will be breaking the window *The window will be being broken

He will have broken the window The window will have been broken

He will have been broking the window *The window will have been being broken

He used to break the window The window used to be broken

The causative It is used when “the thing I want to talk about is me”

Compare

The mechanic is repairing the car (I want to talk about him)

My car is being repaired (I want to talk about it. It is obvious that cars are repaired by mechanics)

I’m having my car repaired (I want to talk about me)

We use this form of the passive when people do something for us, and we pay them for it.

Form of the causative Have

Get

He is having his hair cut

She is going to get her kitchen renovated

She had her ear pierced

They will have their exams corrected

She is getting her picture taken

Any

tense+ Object + Past participle

Active form – An

architect

Causative form – A

millionaire

Present simple He builds houses He has houses built

-ing form He loves building

houses

He loves having

houses built

Present continuous He is building a house He is having a house

built.

Past simple He built a house He had a house built.

Past continuous He was building a house He was having a house

built.

Present perfect He has built a house He has had a house

built.

Past perfect He had built a house He had had a house

built

Phrasal Verbs

Wrap

up

Pull on

Dress up

Catch on

Settle down

And more

Chilling out

Clothes hangers

Go with

Stripes / strippedCheckered shirt

Composition errors Some people live far of their school.

Other problem is how you get around at night of

weekends.

Another problem is how you get around on weekend

nights.

Some people live far from their schools, and they have

to go to school using public transport. This is more

expensive than travellling by car. Another problem is

how you get around on weekend nights because it is

dangerous to walk down the street alone.

I am going to talk about whether people should be able

to drive a car until they are twenty. I will consider

arguments for and against this statement.