GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AS A

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR TOURISM

MANAGEMENT IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY: A

CASE OF ABUJA, NIGERIA

BY

Surv. Dr. Kayode Odedare

Department of Geoinformatics,

Federal School of Surveying, Oyo ,Nigeria

Mobile: +234 803 3840 841

e-mail:

Adedayo Alagbe

Department of Geoinformatics,

Federal School of Surveying, Oyo, Nigeria

Mobile: +234 805 7468 600

e-mail:

&

OUTLINE• Introduction

• Statement of the problem

• Aim and Objectives of the work

• Database Design

Conceptual design

Logical “

Data sets

Physical design

• Database Implementation

• Spatial Analysis

• Discussion of Result

• Conclusion

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SurveysSurveysSurveysSurveys onononon thethethethe NigeriaNigeriaNigeriaNigeria tourismtourismtourismtourism potentialspotentialspotentialspotentials conductedconductedconductedconducted bybybyby thethethethe AfricanAfricanAfricanAfricandevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopment bankbankbankbank inininin 1971197119711971 revealedrevealedrevealedrevealed thethethethe country’scountry’scountry’scountry’s existingexistingexistingexisting andandandand latestlatestlatestlatesttourismtourismtourismtourism potentialspotentialspotentialspotentials.... TheTheTheThe resourcesresourcesresourcesresources includeincludeincludeinclude physicalphysicalphysicalphysical attractionattractionattractionattraction sites,sites,sites,sites,culturalculturalculturalcultural heritage,heritage,heritage,heritage, museummuseummuseummuseum andandandand monumentsmonumentsmonumentsmonuments.... TheTheTheThe physicalphysicalphysicalphysical attractionattractionattractionattraction sitessitessitessitesareareareare eithereithereithereither manmanmanman mademademademade orororor naturalnaturalnaturalnatural.... SomeSomeSomeSome ofofofof thethethethe naturalnaturalnaturalnatural attractionattractionattractionattraction sitessitessitessitesincludeincludeincludeinclude thethethethe variousvariousvariousvarious NationalNationalNationalNational ParkParkParkPark andandandand GameGameGameGame Reserves,Reserves,Reserves,Reserves, warmwarmwarmwarm spring,spring,spring,spring,waterfalls,waterfalls,waterfalls,waterfalls, beachesbeachesbeachesbeaches andandandand hills,hills,hills,hills, whilewhilewhilewhile thethethethe manmanmanman----mademademademade attractionattractionattractionattraction sitessitessitessitesincludesincludesincludesincludes thethethethe hotels,hotels,hotels,hotels, citycitycitycity parks,parks,parks,parks, palacespalacespalacespalaces andandandand ancientancientancientancient settlementsettlementsettlementsettlement areasareasareasareas....CulturalCulturalCulturalCultural tourismtourismtourismtourism hashashashas alsoalsoalsoalso aaaa significantsignificantsignificantsignificant positionpositionpositionposition inininin tourismtourismtourismtourism destinationdestinationdestinationdestinationareasareasareasareas withinwithinwithinwithin AfricaAfricaAfricaAfrica.... NigerianNigerianNigerianNigerian culturalculturalculturalcultural heritageheritageheritageheritage isisisis complexcomplexcomplexcomplex andandandand eacheacheacheachcommunitycommunitycommunitycommunity isisisis endowedendowedendowedendowed withwithwithwith richrichrichrich culturalculturalculturalcultural heritageheritageheritageheritage andandandand differentdifferentdifferentdifferent traditiontraditiontraditiontradition....

InInInIn otherotherotherother totototo sustainablysustainablysustainablysustainably developdevelopdevelopdevelop andandandand managemanagemanagemanage tourism,tourism,tourism,tourism, profoundprofoundprofoundprofoundunderstandingunderstandingunderstandingunderstanding orororor knowledgeknowledgeknowledgeknowledge ofofofof spatialspatialspatialspatial distributiondistributiondistributiondistribution ofofofof touristtouristtouristtourist sites,sites,sites,sites,tourismtourismtourismtourism facilities,facilities,facilities,facilities, touristtouristtouristtourist flow,flow,flow,flow, becomesbecomesbecomesbecomes imperativeimperativeimperativeimperative andandandand alsoalsoalsoalso thethethethe spatialspatialspatialspatialpatternspatternspatternspatterns ofofofof touristtouristtouristtourist movementsmovementsmovementsmovements betweenbetweenbetweenbetween destinations,destinations,destinations,destinations, withinwithinwithinwithin destination,destination,destination,destination,touristtouristtouristtourist motivation,motivation,motivation,motivation, touristtouristtouristtourist needsneedsneedsneeds andandandand facilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilities requiredrequiredrequiredrequired.... GeographicGeographicGeographicGeographicinformationinformationinformationinformation systemsystemsystemsystem isisisis anananan informationinformationinformationinformation systemsystemsystemsystem whichwhichwhichwhich hashashashas thethethethe capabilitycapabilitycapabilitycapability totototohandlehandlehandlehandle spatiallyspatiallyspatiallyspatially distributeddistributeddistributeddistributed data,data,data,data, relaterelaterelaterelate themthemthemthem totototo otherotherotherother numericalnumericalnumericalnumerical orororordescriptivedescriptivedescriptivedescriptive data,data,data,data, andandandand presentpresentpresentpresent thethethethe datadatadatadata visuallyvisuallyvisuallyvisually onononon aaaa map,map,map,map, reports,reports,reports,reports, chartchartchartchartetcetcetcetc

INTRODUCTION

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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

TheTheTheThe successsuccesssuccesssuccess ofofofof tourismtourismtourismtourism businessbusinessbusinessbusiness isisisis determineddetermineddetermineddetermined bybybyby thethethethe planning,planning,planning,planning,developmentdevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopment andandandand managementmanagementmanagementmanagement ofofofof thethethethe industryindustryindustryindustry.... AlthoughAlthoughAlthoughAlthoughGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic informationinformationinformationinformation systemsystemsystemsystem isisisis wellwellwellwell suitedsuitedsuitedsuited totototo thethethethe practicepracticepracticepractice ofofofoftourismtourismtourismtourism planning,planning,planning,planning, developmentdevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopment andandandand management,management,management,management, thethethethe useuseuseuse ofofofofGeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic informationinformationinformationinformation systemsystemsystemsystem technologytechnologytechnologytechnology inininin tourismtourismtourismtourism isisisis stillstillstillstilllimitedlimitedlimitedlimited inininin Nigeria,Nigeria,Nigeria,Nigeria, asasasas thethethethe generalgeneralgeneralgeneral lacklacklacklack ofofofof tourismtourismtourismtourism databasedatabasedatabasedatabase hashashashas ledledledledtotototo poorpoorpoorpoor touristtouristtouristtourist management,management,management,management, poorpoorpoorpoor patronagepatronagepatronagepatronage ofofofof tourismtourismtourismtourismdestination,destination,destination,destination, lacklacklacklack ofofofof awarenessawarenessawarenessawareness ofofofof existingexistingexistingexisting tourismtourismtourismtourism facilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilities bybybybypotentialpotentialpotentialpotential tourist,tourist,tourist,tourist, limitedlimitedlimitedlimited informationinformationinformationinformation aboutaboutaboutabout destinations,destinations,destinations,destinations, tourismtourismtourismtourismmanpowermanpowermanpowermanpower needsneedsneedsneeds andandandand planningplanningplanningplanning.... ThereThereThereThere isisisis thenthenthenthen needneedneedneed totototo improveimproveimproveimprovetourismtourismtourismtourism managementmanagementmanagementmanagement withwithwithwith GeographicGeographicGeographicGeographic informationinformationinformationinformation systemsystemsystemsystemtechnologytechnologytechnologytechnology....

ThisThisThisThis researchresearchresearchresearch waswaswaswas thereforethereforethereforetherefore motivatedmotivatedmotivatedmotivated bybybyby thethethethe needneedneedneed totototo fillfillfillfill thethethetheaboveaboveaboveabove gapsgapsgapsgaps inininin knowledgeknowledgeknowledgeknowledge bybybyby generatinggeneratinggeneratinggenerating databasedatabasedatabasedatabase onononon tourismtourismtourismtourism ininininAbujaAbujaAbujaAbuja thatthatthatthat couldcouldcouldcould underpinunderpinunderpinunderpin futurefuturefuturefuture tourismtourismtourismtourism managementmanagementmanagementmanagement strategiesstrategiesstrategiesstrategiesandandandand policiespoliciespoliciespolicies inininin thethethethe FederalFederalFederalFederal CapitalCapitalCapitalCapital TerritoryTerritoryTerritoryTerritory (FCT)(FCT)(FCT)(FCT)........

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AIM OF THE STUDY

TheTheTheThe aimaimaimaim ofofofof thisthisthisthis paperpaperpaperpaper isisisis totototo developdevelopdevelopdevelop aaaafunctioningfunctioningfunctioningfunctioning tourismtourismtourismtourism databasedatabasedatabasedatabase andandandandexamineexamineexamineexamine howhowhowhow geographicgeographicgeographicgeographic informationinformationinformationinformationsystemsystemsystemsystem technologytechnologytechnologytechnology couldcouldcouldcould serveserveserveserve asasasas aaaadecisiondecisiondecisiondecision supportsupportsupportsupport systemsystemsystemsystem forforforfor tourismtourismtourismtourismmanagementmanagementmanagementmanagement.....

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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

TheTheTheThe objectivesobjectivesobjectivesobjectives ofofofof thethethethe studystudystudystudy includeincludeincludeinclude::::

1.1.1.1. DesignDesignDesignDesign aaaa tourismtourismtourismtourism databasedatabasedatabasedatabase forforforfor AbujaAbujaAbujaAbuja

2.2.2.2. IdentifyIdentifyIdentifyIdentify thethethethe geometricgeometricgeometricgeometric andandandand attributeattributeattributeattribute datadatadatadata

ofofofof thethethethe touriststouriststouriststourists destinationsdestinationsdestinationsdestinations....

3.3.3.3. CreateCreateCreateCreate aaaa tourismtourismtourismtourism databasedatabasedatabasedatabase forforforfor AbujaAbujaAbujaAbuja

tourismtourismtourismtourism....

4.4.4.4. CarryCarryCarryCarry outoutoutout spatialspatialspatialspatial analysisanalysisanalysisanalysis ofofofof possiblepossiblepossiblepossible

routesroutesroutesroutes fromfromfromfrom HotelHotelHotelHotel totototo tourismtourismtourismtourism sitessitessitessites andandandand

fromfromfromfrom touristtouristtouristtourist locationslocationslocationslocations totototo facilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilities ofofofof

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THE STUDY AREA

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4AAAA databasedatabasedatabasedatabase isisisis anananan integrated,integrated,integrated,integrated, wellwellwellwell----structuredstructuredstructuredstructured

collectioncollectioncollectioncollection ofofofof datadatadatadata thatthatthatthat cancancancan bebebebe accessedaccessedaccessedaccessed bybybyby differentdifferentdifferentdifferent

logicallogicallogicallogical pathspathspathspaths.... DatabaseDatabaseDatabaseDatabase designdesigndesigndesign isisisis aaaa processprocessprocessprocess bybybyby whichwhichwhichwhich

thethethethe realrealrealreal worldworldworldworld entities,entities,entities,entities, theirtheirtheirtheir attributesattributesattributesattributes andandandand

relationshipsrelationshipsrelationshipsrelationships areareareare modeledmodeledmodeledmodeled inininin orderorderorderorder totototo derivederivederivederive aaaa

maximummaximummaximummaximum amountamountamountamount ofofofof benefitsbenefitsbenefitsbenefits usingusingusingusing aaaa minimumminimumminimumminimum amountamountamountamount

ofofofof datadatadatadata.... (Kufoniyi,(Kufoniyi,(Kufoniyi,(Kufoniyi, 1998199819981998)))).... GISGISGISGIS databasedatabasedatabasedatabase designdesigndesigndesign processprocessprocessprocess

consistsconsistsconsistsconsists ofofofof threethreethreethree interrelatedinterrelatedinterrelatedinterrelated phasesphasesphasesphases:::: Conceptual

design, Logical design and Physical design

DATABASE DESIGN

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Conceptual Design::::ThisThisThisThis hashashashas totototo dodododo withwithwithwith thethethethe representationrepresentationrepresentationrepresentation ofofofof humanhumanhumanhumanconceptualizationconceptualizationconceptualizationconceptualization ofofofof realityrealityrealityreality andandandand thethethethe objectiveobjectiveobjectiveobjective isisisis totototodeterminedeterminedeterminedetermine thethethethe basicbasicbasicbasic entities,entities,entities,entities, thethethethe spatialspatialspatialspatial relationshipsrelationshipsrelationshipsrelationshipsamongamongamongamong thethethethe entitiesentitiesentitiesentities andandandand attributesattributesattributesattributes ofofofof eacheacheacheach entityentityentityentity.... ToToToToaccomplishaccomplishaccomplishaccomplish thethethethe objectivesobjectivesobjectivesobjectives ofofofof thethethethe researchresearchresearchresearch thethethethefollowingfollowingfollowingfollowing werewerewerewere identifiedidentifiedidentifiedidentified::::

• TourismTourismTourismTourism sitessitessitessites• HotelsHotelsHotelsHotels• RecreationRecreationRecreationRecreation ParkParkParkPark• HospitalsHospitalsHospitalsHospitals• PolicePolicePolicePolice stationstationstationstation• RoadRoadRoadRoad

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Entity Relationship diagram

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Logical Design::::ItItItIt isisisis thethethethe representationrepresentationrepresentationrepresentation ofofofof thethethethe datadatadatadata model,model,model,model, designeddesigneddesigneddesignedtotototo reflectreflectreflectreflect thethethethe recordingrecordingrecordingrecording ofofofof datadatadatadata inininin computercomputercomputercomputer systemsystemsystemsystem....TheTheTheThe phasephasephasephase translatestranslatestranslatestranslates thethethethe conceptualconceptualconceptualconceptual designdesigndesigndesign inininin totototodatadatadatadata structuredstructuredstructuredstructured usingusingusingusing relationalrelationalrelationalrelational datadatadatadata modelmodelmodelmodel.... InInInIn aaaarelationalrelationalrelationalrelational model,model,model,model, thethethethe entitiesentitiesentitiesentities becomebecomebecomebecome relationsrelationsrelationsrelations orororortablestablestablestables.... The following was derived.

1. TOURIST SITE (Trmsite_id, Trmsite_name, Trmsite_add, Trmsite_fac,

Trmsite_owner)

2. ROAD (rd_id, rd_name, rd_type, rd_length)

3. POLICE STATION (PS_id, PS_name, PS-add)

4. HOSPITALS (H_id, H_name, H_add)

5. HOTEL (Ht_id, Ht_name)

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DATASET USED

TheTheTheThe secondarysecondarysecondarysecondary datadatadatadata usedusedusedused includeincludeincludeinclude thethethethe IKONOSIKONOSIKONOSIKONOS

imageimageimageimage ofofofof thethethethe studystudystudystudy areaareaareaarea whichwhichwhichwhich waswaswaswas collectedcollectedcollectedcollected fromfromfromfrom

thethethethe officeofficeofficeoffice ofofofof thethethethe SurveyorSurveyorSurveyorSurveyor GeneralGeneralGeneralGeneral ofofofof thethethethe

Federation,Federation,Federation,Federation, Abuja,Abuja,Abuja,Abuja, NigeriaNigeriaNigeriaNigeria whilewhilewhilewhile primaryprimaryprimaryprimary sourcesourcesourcesource

involvedinvolvedinvolvedinvolved directdirectdirectdirect acquisitionacquisitionacquisitionacquisition ofofofof locationlocationlocationlocation datadatadatadata ofofofof

TourismTourismTourismTourism sites,sites,sites,sites, Hotels,Hotels,Hotels,Hotels, RecreationRecreationRecreationRecreation places,places,places,places,

Hospitals,Hospitals,Hospitals,Hospitals, PolicePolicePolicePolice station,station,station,station, andandandand CulturalCulturalCulturalCultural centrecentrecentrecentre

PositionPositionPositionPosition throughthroughthroughthrough fieldfieldfieldfield observationobservationobservationobservation usingusingusingusing thethethethe

GarminGarminGarminGarmin handheldhandheldhandheldhandheld GlobalGlobalGlobalGlobal PositionPositionPositionPosition SystemSystemSystemSystem (GPS)(GPS)(GPS)(GPS)

receiverreceiverreceiverreceiver....

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DATA CONVERSION

TheTheTheThe ikonosikonosikonosikonos imageimageimageimage ofofofof thethethethe LocalLocalLocalLocal GovernmentGovernmentGovernmentGovernment waswaswaswas

updated,updated,updated,updated, scanned,scanned,scanned,scanned, geogeogeogeo----referencedreferencedreferencedreferenced bybybyby convertingconvertingconvertingconverting

thethethethe latitudelatitudelatitudelatitude andandandand longitudelongitudelongitudelongitude coordinatescoordinatescoordinatescoordinates totototo UniversalUniversalUniversalUniversal

TraverseTraverseTraverseTraverse MercatorMercatorMercatorMercator (UTM)(UTM)(UTM)(UTM) usingusingusingusing ttCalttCalttCalttCal software,software,software,software,

whichwhichwhichwhich waswaswaswas usedusedusedused forforforfor thethethethe geogeogeogeo----referencingreferencingreferencingreferencing.... TheTheTheThe geogeogeogeo----

referencingreferencingreferencingreferencing andandandand onononon screenscreenscreenscreen digitizingdigitizingdigitizingdigitizing werewerewerewere donedonedonedone

usingusingusingusing ArcGISArcGISArcGISArcGIS technologytechnologytechnologytechnology andandandand thethethethe variousvariousvariousvarious entitiesentitiesentitiesentities ofofofof

interestinterestinterestinterest werewerewerewere vectorisedvectorisedvectorisedvectorised....

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Physical Design

ThisThisThisThis isisisis thethethethe representationrepresentationrepresentationrepresentation ofofofof thethethethe datadatadatadata structurestructurestructurestructure

inininin thethethethe formatformatformatformat ofofofof thethethethe implementationimplementationimplementationimplementation softwaresoftwaresoftwaresoftware....

TheTheTheThe differentdifferentdifferentdifferent entitiesentitiesentitiesentities werewerewerewere organisedorganisedorganisedorganised intointointointo geogeogeogeo----

databasedatabasedatabasedatabase structurestructurestructurestructure whichwhichwhichwhich specifiedspecifiedspecifiedspecified thethethethe tabletabletabletable

name,name,name,name, attributes,attributes,attributes,attributes, datadatadatadata typetypetypetype andandandand widthwidthwidthwidth ofofofof thethethethe

datadatadatadata....

TheTheTheThe implementationimplementationimplementationimplementation softwaresoftwaresoftwaresoftware isisisis ArcGISArcGISArcGISArcGIS 10101010....1111....

TheTheTheThe datadatadatadata typestypestypestypes usedusedusedused werewerewerewere Text,Text,Text,Text, NumberNumberNumberNumber andandandand

DoubleDoubleDoubleDouble....

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ATTRIBUTES DESCRIPTION DATATYPE DATA WIDTH

TRMSITE _ID TOURISM SITE

IDENTIFIER

NUMBER

TRMSITE_NAME TOURISM SITE

NAME

TEXT 30

TRMSITE_ADD TOURIS SITE

ADDRESS

TEXT 30

TRMSITE_FACI TOURISM SITE

FACILITIES

TEXT 100

TRMSITE_OWNE

R

TOURISM SITE

OWNER

TEXT 10

Tourism Sites table, attributes and data declaration

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DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION.

Database was created and populated in ArcGIS 10.1. Polygon,

Line and Point layers were created respectively for Tourism

sites, Hospitals, Recreation centres, Hotels, police station and

Roads data

OBJECTID x y Trmsite_Name Trmsite_Address

1 336660.6 1002684 National Arboretum 43 Circular way

2 335198.1 1002852 Millennium Park 14 Circular way

3 334150.5 999964.4 International Conference

Center

92 Herbert Macaulay

Way

4 336407.1 1004570 IBB Golf Course 84 Muritala Mohammed

5 330082 999826.2 Wonderland Amusement

Park

19 National Stadium

6 329608.8 999506.6 National Stadium 26 National Stadium

7 335092.8 1002087 Eagles Square 120 Shehu Shagari

8 333372.6 999432.6 Abuja Art and Culture 25 Moshood Abiola

9 333338.6 1002425 Art and Craft Village 61 Memorial Drive

Table 8 is a Sample table created in ArcGIS environment.

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SPATIAL ANALYSIS

TheTheTheThe spatialspatialspatialspatial datadatadatadata acquiredacquiredacquiredacquired inininin thisthisthisthisresearchresearchresearchresearch werewerewerewere linkedlinkedlinkedlinked totototo thethethetheattributeattributeattributeattribute datadatadatadata andandandand usedusedusedused totototodemonstratedemonstratedemonstratedemonstrate howhowhowhow GISGISGISGIS asasasas anananananalyticalanalyticalanalyticalanalytical tooltooltooltool cancancancan bebebebe usedusedusedused totototoansweransweransweranswer basicbasicbasicbasic genericgenericgenericgeneric questionsquestionsquestionsquestionsinininin GISGISGISGIS

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FIGURE 2

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Spatial Search

SpatialSpatialSpatialSpatial searchsearchsearchsearch waswaswaswas usedusedusedused totototo testtesttesttest thethethethe databasedatabasedatabasedatabasecreatedcreatedcreatedcreated bybybyby lookinglookinglookinglooking forforforfor certaincertaincertaincertain attributesattributesattributesattributes withinwithinwithinwithinAbuja,Abuja,Abuja,Abuja, whichwhichwhichwhich waswaswaswas logicallylogicallylogicallylogically andandandand systematicallysystematicallysystematicallysystematicallydefineddefineddefineddefined....

QueryQueryQueryQuery SyntaxSyntaxSyntaxSyntax::::

[TRMSITE_NAME][TRMSITE_NAME][TRMSITE_NAME][TRMSITE_NAME] ==== 'INTERNATIONAL'INTERNATIONAL'INTERNATIONAL'INTERNATIONALCONFERENCECONFERENCECONFERENCECONFERENCE CENTE'CENTE'CENTE'CENTE'

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Query for International Conference center within the study area

FIGURE 3

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Closest facility AnalysisClosest facility is a network analysis that is used todetermine facilities from a current location or to anylocation on the network. Two Closest five star hotelswere determined from a tourist site – Abuja Arts andCultural center

Network Analysis is a set of interconnected linesmaking up a set of features through which theresearch can flow.

It allows solution common to network problems,such as finding the best route from one registrationcentre to the settlements in the study area

NETWORK ANALYSIS

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Result of closest facility analysis and the direction window

FIGURE 4

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DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

FigureFigureFigureFigure 2222 showsshowsshowsshows thethethethe extentextentextentextent ofofofof thethethethe studystudystudystudy areaareaareaarea andandandand thethethethevariousvariousvariousvarious featuresfeaturesfeaturesfeatures thatthatthatthat werewerewerewere identifiedidentifiedidentifiedidentified andandandand mappedmappedmappedmapped....TheseTheseTheseThese includeincludeincludeinclude thethethethe touristtouristtouristtourist Sites,Sites,Sites,Sites, FiveFiveFiveFive StarStarStarStar Hotels,Hotels,Hotels,Hotels,PolicePolicePolicePolice StationsStationsStationsStations andandandand thethethethe HospitalsHospitalsHospitalsHospitals.... InInInIn figurefigurefigurefigure 3333,,,, aaaa spatialspatialspatialspatialqueryqueryqueryquery waswaswaswas performedperformedperformedperformed totototo showshowshowshow thethethethe InternationalInternationalInternationalInternationalConferenceConferenceConferenceConference CenterCenterCenterCenter.... SimilarSimilarSimilarSimilar queriesqueriesqueriesqueries cancancancan alsoalsoalsoalso bebebebeperformedperformedperformedperformed onononon thethethethe databasedatabasedatabasedatabase totototo revealrevealrevealreveal touristtouristtouristtourist sitessitessitessites ofofofofinterestinterestinterestinterest....

FigureFigureFigureFigure 4444 showsshowsshowsshows thethethethe twotwotwotwo closestclosestclosestclosest hotelshotelshotelshotels totototo thethethethe AbujaAbujaAbujaAbuja ArtArtArtArtandandandand CultureCultureCultureCulture CenterCenterCenterCenter basedbasedbasedbased onononon ClosestClosestClosestClosest facilityfacilityfacilityfacility analysisanalysisanalysisanalysisperformedperformedperformedperformed.... TheTheTheThe hotelshotelshotelshotels areareareare NiconNiconNiconNicon LuxuryLuxuryLuxuryLuxury andandandand SheratonSheratonSheratonSheratonHotelsHotelsHotelsHotels whichwhichwhichwhich areareareare 2222....2222kmkmkmkm andandandand 4444....2222kmkmkmkm respectivelyrespectivelyrespectivelyrespectively awayawayawayaway........

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CONCLUSION

ThisThisThisThis researchresearchresearchresearch hashashashas revealedrevealedrevealedrevealed thethethethe touristtouristtouristtourist potentialspotentialspotentialspotentials ininininAbuja,Abuja,Abuja,Abuja, thethethethe FederalFederalFederalFederal CapitalCapitalCapitalCapital TerritoryTerritoryTerritoryTerritory ofofofof thethethethe FederalFederalFederalFederalRepublicRepublicRepublicRepublic ofofofof NigeriaNigeriaNigeriaNigeria.... TheTheTheThe touristtouristtouristtourist sitessitessitessites includeincludeincludeinclude physicalphysicalphysicalphysicalattractionattractionattractionattraction sites,sites,sites,sites, culturalculturalculturalcultural heritage,heritage,heritage,heritage, museummuseummuseummuseum andandandandmonumentsmonumentsmonumentsmonuments.... SpatialSpatialSpatialSpatial databasedatabasedatabasedatabase andandandand aaaa digitaldigitaldigitaldigital roadroadroadroadnetworknetworknetworknetwork forforforfor decisiondecisiondecisiondecision supportsupportsupportsupport inininin tourismtourismtourismtourism managementmanagementmanagementmanagementhavehavehavehave beenbeenbeenbeen createdcreatedcreatedcreated....ThisThisThisThis spatialspatialspatialspatial databasedatabasedatabasedatabase createdcreatedcreatedcreated cancancancan bebebebe manipulatedmanipulatedmanipulatedmanipulated totototoansweransweransweranswer basicbasicbasicbasic genericgenericgenericgeneric questionsquestionsquestionsquestions whichwhichwhichwhich cancancancan helphelphelphelptourists,tourists,tourists,tourists, tourismtourismtourismtourism managers,managers,managers,managers, planners,planners,planners,planners, policypolicypolicypolicy makers,makers,makers,makers,andandandand thethethethe tourismtourismtourismtourism industryindustryindustryindustry inininin generalgeneralgeneralgeneral totototo achieveachieveachieveachievesustainablesustainablesustainablesustainable tourismtourismtourismtourism developmentdevelopmentdevelopmentdevelopment andandandand provideprovideprovideprovide betterbetterbetterbetterfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilities andandandand servicesservicesservicesservices totototo catercatercatercater forforforfor thethethethe needsneedsneedsneeds ofofofof thethethethetouriststouriststouriststourists andandandand thethethethe environmentenvironmentenvironmentenvironment

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THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

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