trucks 2010emissions b13r,prevh,prevx...

Service ManualTrucks

Group 28

Engine Control Module (ECM), Diagnostic Trouble Code(DTC), Guide

2010 EmissionsB13R, PREVH, PREVX

88985784

ForewordThe descriptions and service procedures contained in this manual are based on designs andmethods studies carried out up to August 2010.

The products are under continuous development. Vehicles and components produced after theabove date may therefore have different specifications and repair methods. When this is believedto have a significant bearing on this manual, supplementary service bulletins will be issued to coverthe changes.

The new edition of this manual will update the changes.

In service procedures where the title incorporates an operation number, this is a reference to anV.S.T. (Volvo Standard Times).

Service procedures which do not include an operation number in the title are for general informationand no reference is made to an V.S.T.

Each section of this manual contains specific safety information and warnings which must bereviewed before performing any procedure. If a printed copy of a procedure is made, be sure toalso make a printed copy of the safety information and warnings that relate to that procedure. Thefollowing levels of observations, cautions and warnings are used in this Service Documentation:

Note: Indicates a procedure, practice, or condition that must be followed in order to have thevehicle or component function in the manner intended.

Caution: Indicates an unsafe practice where damage to the product could occur.

Warning: Indicates an unsafe practice where personal injury or severe damage to the productcould occur.

Danger: Indicates an unsafe practice where serious personal injury or death could occur.

Volvo Bus CorporationGöteborg, Sweden

Order number: 88985784Repl:

©2010 Volvo Bus Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system,or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording orotherwise, without the prior written permission of Volvo Bus Corporation

USA43530

ContentsTroubleshooting .......................................................................................................................... 3Engine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) ..................................................... 3

1

Group 28 Engine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic TroubleCodes (DTCs)

TroubleshootingEngine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)The manufacturer scan tool is the preferred tool forperforming diagnostic work. Contact your local dealer formore information or visit “www.premiumtechtool.com”.

Note: The use of a scan tool is necessary to perform diagnosticwork as well as clearing of any diagnostic trouble codes(DTCs). DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using the vehiclesinstrument cluster digital display and stalk switch control.

System OverviewSix electronic control units (ECUs) are used; the engine controlmodule (ECM), instrument control module (ICM), VehicleElectronic Control Unit (VECU), transmission control module(TCM), the gear selector control module (GSCM) and theaftertreatment control module (ACM). Together, these modulesoperate and communicate through the SAE J1939 (CAN1) data link to control a variety of engine and vehicle cabfunctions. The ECM controls such things as fuel timing anddelivery, fan operation, engine protection functions, enginebrake operation, the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valveand the turbocharger nozzle. The VECU controls cruisecontrol functions, accessory relay controls and idle shutdownfunctions. The ICM primarily displays operational parametersand communicates these to the other ECUs. All have thecapability to communicate over the SAE J1587 data linkprimarily for programming, diagnostics and data reporting.

In addition to their control functions, the modules have onboard diagnostic (OBD) capabilities. The OBD is designedto detect faults or abnormal conditions that are not withinnormal operating parameters. When the system detects afault or abnormal condition, the fault will be logged in one orboth of the modules’ memory, the vehicle operator will beadvised that a fault has occurred by the illumination of themalfunction indicator lamp (MIL) and a message in the driverinformation display, if equipped. The module may initiate theengine shutdown procedure if the system determines that thefault could damage the engine.

In some situations when a fault is detected, the system willenter a "derate" mode. The derate mode allows continuedvehicle operation but the system may substitute a sensoror signal value that may result in reduced performance. Insome instances, the system will continue to function butengine power may be limited to protect the engine andvehicle. Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) logged in the systemmemory can be read later, to aid in diagnosing the problemusing a diagnostic computer or through the instrument clusterdisplay, if equipped. When diagnosing an intermittent DTC orcondition, it may be necessary to use a scan tool connected tothe communication port.

The use of a scan tool is necessary to perform diagnostic workas well as clearing of any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using the vehicles instrumentcluster digital display and stalk switch control. Additionaldata and diagnostic tests are available when a scan tool isconnected to the Serial Communication Port.

For diagnostic software, contact your local dealer.

The ECM is a microprocessor based controller programmedto perform fuel injection quantity and timing control, diagnosticfault logging, and to broadcast data to other ECUs. The fuelquantity and injection timing to each cylinder is preciselycontrolled to obtain optimal fuel economy and reduced exhaustemissions in all driving situations.

The ECM controls the operation of the injectors, engine brakesolenoid, EGR valve, turbocharger nozzle position, and coolingfan clutch based on inputs from many sensors and informationreceived over the data links from other ECUs.

The VECU and ECM are dependent on each other to performtheir specific control functions. In addition to switch and sensordata, the broadcast of data between modules also includesvarious calculations and conclusions that each module hasdeveloped, based on the input information it has received.

3


System Electronic Control Unit (ECU) OverviewThe engine control module (ECM) monitors and models (usingphysical principles) engine parameters to monitor the enginesystem’s performance in real time. This is performed to aid theECM with its self diagnostic capabilities. Many sensors areused for input to the emission control system.

The system contains the following “emission critical” ECUsthat are monitored;

• Engine Control Module (ECM)

• Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU)

• Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM)

• Aftertreatment Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Sensors

• Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) SmartRemote Actuator (SRA)

These ECUs all communicate with the ECM via data links. TheVECU communicates across the SAE J1939 (CAN1) data linkwhile the others use the SAE J1939-7 (CAN2) data link.The OBD systems use SAE J1939 data link protocol forcommunication with scan tools but, still are capable ofcommunicating via the SAE J1587 data link for diagnostics.The use of a scan tool is necessary to perform diagnostic workas well as clearing of any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using the vehicles instrumentcluster digital display and stalk switch control.

There are other ECUs such as the Instrument Control Module(ICM), Transmission Control Module (TCM) and Anti-lockBrake System (ABS) Module that provide data to the emissioncontrol system or the diagnostic system but are not “emissioncritical”.

Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), Description and LocationA MIL located in the instrument cluster. This amber coloredlamp is used to inform the driver that a “emission critical”malfunction signal has occurred.

W2036007

SAE J1939 Data Link CommunicationThe electronic control units (ECUs) that communicate on theSAE J1939 data link, communicate according to the SAEJ1587 standard. The diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) set bythe ECUs contain information that is described by the followingabbreviations.

SA Source Address:Identification of a control module.

SPN Suspect Parameter Number:Identification of a parameter (value).

FMI Failure Mode Identifier:Identification of fault types.

4


SAE J1939 FMI Table

FMI SAE Text

0 Data valid but above normal operational range - Most severe level

1 Data valid but below normal operational range - Most severe level

2 Data erratic, intermittent or incorrect

3 Voltage above normal, or shorted to high source

4 Voltage below normal, or shorted to low source

5 Current below normal or open circuit

6 Current above normal or grounded circuit

7 Mechanical system not responding or out of adjustment

8 Abnormal frequency or pulse width or period

9 Abnormal update rate

10 Abnormal rate of change

11 Root cause not known

12 Bad intelligent device or component

13 Out of calibration

14 Special instructions

15 Data valid but above normal operating range - Least severe level

16 Data valid but above normal operating range - Moderately severe level

17 Data valid but below normal operating range - Least severe level

18 Data valid but below normal operating range - Moderately severe level

19 Received network data in error

20 Reserved for SAE assignment











31 Condition exists

5


SAE J1587 Data Link CommunicationThe electronic control units (ECUs) also communicate on theSAE J1587 data link. These ECUs communicate according tothe SAE J1587 standard. This standard has been extendedwith proprietary supplements (PPID, PSID). The diagnostictrouble codes (DTCs) set by the ECUs contain information thatis described by the following abbreviations.

MID Message Identification Description:Identification of a control module.

PID Parameter Identification Description:Identification of a parameter (value).

PPID Proprietary Parameter IdentificationDescription:Unique identification of a parameter (value).

SID Subsystem Identification Description:Identification of a component.

PSID Proprietary Subsystem IdentificationDescription:Unique identification of a component.

FMI Failure Mode Identifier:Identification of fault types.

SAE J1587 FMI Table

FMI SAE Text

0 Data valid, but above the normal working range

1 Data valid, but below the normal working range

2 Intermittent or incorrect data

3 Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage

4 Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage

5 Abnormally low current or open circuit

6 Abnormally high current or short circuit to ground

7 Incorrect response from a mechanical system

8 Abnormal frequency

9 Abnormal update rate

10 Abnormally strong vibrations

11 Non-identifiable fault

12 Faulty module or component

13 Calibration values outside limits

14 Special instructions

15 Reserved for future use

6


Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ContentSPN 0–500

• “ECM SPN 84, Wheel-Based Vehicle Speed – MID 128PID 84”, page 14

• “ECM SPN 91, Accelerator Pedal Position 1 – MID 128PID 91”, page 14

• “ECM SPN 94, Engine Fuel Delivery Pressure – MID 128PID 94”, page 14

• “ECM SPN 97, Water in Fuel Indicator – MID 128 PID 97”,page 15

• “ECM SPN 98, Engine Oil Level – MID 128 PID 98”, page15

• “ECM SPN 100, Engine Oil Pressure – MID 128 PID 100”,page 16

• “ECM SPN 102, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Pressure – MID128 PID 102”, page 17

• “ECM SPN 103, Engine Turbocharger 1 Speed – MID 128PID 103”, page 18

• “ECM SPN 105, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Temperature –MID 128 PID 105”, page 18

• “ECM SPN 108, Barometric Pressure – MID 128 PID 108”,page 19

• “ECM SPN 110, Engine Coolant Temperature – MID 128PID 110”, page 19

• “ECM SPN 111, Engine Coolant Level – MID 128 PID 111”,page 20

• “ECM SPN 153, Engine High Resolution CrankcasePressure – MID 128 PID 153/PSID 23”, page 21

• “ECM SPN 158, Keyswitch Battery Potential – MID 128PID 158/PSID 124”, page 21

• “ECM SPN 171, Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) – MID128 PID 171”, page 22

• “ECM SPN 173, Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) –MID 128 PID 173 ”, page 23

• “ECM SPN 175, Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) 1 – MID128 PID 175”, page 24

• “ECM SPN 177, Transmission Oil Temperature – MID 128PID 177”, page 25

7


• “ECM SPN 188, Engine Speed At Idle, Point 1 (EngineConfigurations) – MID 128 PID 188”, page 25

• “ECM SPN 190, Engine Speed – MID 128 PID 190”, page25

• “ECM SPN 228, Speed Sensor Calibration – MID 128 PID228”, page 26

• “ECM SPN 237, Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) – MID128 PSID 161”, page 26

• “ECM SPN 245, Total Vehicle Distance – MID 128 PID245”, page 26

• “ECM SPN 251, Time – MID 128 PID 251”, page 27

• “ECM SPN 252, Date – MID 128 PID 252”, page 28

• “ECM SPN 411, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Differential Pressure – MID 128 PID 411”, page 28

• “ECM SPN 412, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Temperature – MID 128 PID 412”, page 29

SPN 500–999

• “ECM SPN 558, Accelerator Pedal 1 Idle Validation Switch(IVS) – MID 128 SID 230”, page 30

• “ECM SPN 626, Intake Air Heater (IAH) Relay – MID 128PID 45”, page 30

• “ECM SPN 628, Program Memory – MID 128 SID 240”,page 31

• “ECM SPN 629, Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 1 – MID128 SID 254”, page 32

• “ECM SPN 630, Calibration Memory – MID 128 SID 253”,page 32

• “ECM SPN 631, Calibration Module – MID 128 PSID77/PSID 124”, page 33

• “ECM SPN 633, Engine Fuel Actuator 1 Control Command– MID 128 SID 18”, page 33

• “ECM SPN 636, Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor – MID128 SID 21”, page 33

• “ECM SPN 637, Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor – MID128 SID 22”, page 35

• “ECM SPN 639, SAE J1939 Data Link 1 – MID 128 SID231”, page 36

• “ECM SPN 641, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger(VGT) Actuator 1 – MID 128 SID 27”, page 36

• “ECM SPN 642, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger(VGT) Actuator 2 – MID 128 PPID 89”, page 37

• “ECM SPN 647, Engine Fan Clutch Output Device Driver –MID 128 SID 33”, page 38

• “ECM SPN 651, Engine Injector Cylinder 1 – MID 128 SID1”, page 38


8






• “ECM SPN 677, Engine Starter Motor Relay – MID 128SID 39”, page 42

• “ECM SPN 729, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 1 – MID 128 SID70”, page 43

• “ECM SPN 730, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 2 – MID 128 SID71”, page 43

• “ECM SPN 931, Engine Fuel Supply Pump Actuator – MID128 SID 78”, page 44

• “ECM SPN 970, Engine Auxiliary Shutdown Switch – MID128 PPID 6”, page 44

• “ECM SPN 975, Estimated Percent Fan Speed – (MID 128PID 26)”, page 44

9


SPN 1000–1999

• “ECM SPN 1072, Engine Compression Brake Output #1 –MID 128 PPID 122”, page 45

• “ECM SPN 1127, Engine Turbocharger Intake ManifoldPressure (IMP) – MID 128 PSID 98”, page 46

• “ECM SPN 1136, Engine Control Module (ECM)Temperature – MID 128 PPID 55”, page 46

• “ECM SPN 1198, Anti–theft Random Number – MID 128PID 224”, page 47

• “ECM SPN 1231, SAE J1939 Data Link 2 – MID 128 PSID229”, page 48

• “ECM SPN 1265, Engine Piston Cooling Oil PressureActuator – MID 128 SID 85”, page 48

• “ECM SPN 1322, Engine Misfire for Multiple Cylinders –MID 128 PSID 27”, page 49

• “ECM SPN 1323, Engine Misfire Cylinder #1 – MID 128SID 1”, page 49






• “ECM SPN 1659, Engine Coolant System Thermostat –MID 128 PSID 109”, page 51

• “ECM SPN 1675, Engine Starter Mode – MID 128 SID39”, page 51

• “ECM SPN 1677, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Auxiliary Heater Mode – MID 128 PSID 25”, page 52

• “ECM SPN 1761, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Level – PPID 278”, page 52

10


SPN 2000–2999

• “ECM SPN 2017, Cruise Control Status – MID 128 PID85”, page 53

• “ECM SPN 2023, Invalid or Missing Data From InstrumentCluster – MID 128 PSID 202”, page 53

• “ECM SPN 2029, Invalid or Missing Data from Vehicle ECU– MID 128 PSID 201”, page 53

• “ECM SPN 2629, Engine Turbocharger Compressor OutletTemperature – MID 128 PID 404”, page 54

• “ECM SPN 2659, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Mass Flow Rate – MID 128 PPID 35”, page 54

• “ECM SPN 2791, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Valve Control – MID 128 SID 146”, page 55

11


SPN 3000–3999

• “ECM SPN 3031, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Temperature – MID 128 PPID 274”, page 56

• “ECM SPN 3064, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) System Monitor – MID 128 PPID 326”, page 56

• “ECM SPN 3216, Aftertreatment Intake NOx – MID 128PPID 348”, page 57

• “ECM SPN 3226, Aftertreatment Outlet NOx – MID 128PPID 270/ PSID 90”, page 58

• “ECM SPN 3245, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Outlet Temperature – MID 128 PPID 436”, page 59

• “ECM SPN 3249, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Intake Temperature – MID 128 PPID 387”, page 60

• “ECM SPN 3251, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Differential Pressure – MID 128 PID 81”, page 60

• “ECM SPN 3363, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Heater – MID 128 PSID 75”, page 61

• “ECM SPN 3471, Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure ControlActuator – MID 128 PPID 328”, page 61

• “ECM SPN 3480, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Fuel Pressure – MID 128 PPID 437/PSID 108”, page62

• “ECM SPN 3483, Aftertreatment Regeneration Status –MID 128 PSID 47”, page 63

• “ECM SPN 3509, Sensor Supply Voltage 1 – MID 128 SID232”, page 64

• “ECM SPN 3510, Sensor Supply Voltage 2 – MID 128 SID211”, page 64

• “ECM SPN 3511, Sensor Supply Voltage 3 – MID 128 PSID113”, page 64

• “ECM SPN 3512, Sensor Supply Voltage 4 – MID 128PSID 126”, page 65

• “ECM SPN 3522, Aftertreatment Total Fuel Used – MID128 PSID 91”, page 65

• “ECM SPN 3556, Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon Doser – MID128 PPID 329”, page 65

• “ECM SPN 3597, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Regeneration too Frequent – MID 128 PSID 119”,page 66

• “ECM SPN 3675, Engine Turbocharger CompressorBypass Valve Position – MID 128 PPID 330”, page 67

• “ECM SPN 3936, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) System – MID 128 PSID 28”, page 68

12


SPN 4000–5500

• “ECM SPN 4094, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to InsufficientDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Quality – MID 128 PSID 90”,page 68

• “ECM SPN 4095, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to InterruptedDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing – MID 128 PSID 90”,page 68

• “ECM SPN 4334, Afterteatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)Dosing Absolute Pressure – MID 128 PPID 273”, page 69

• “ECM SPN 4354, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Line Heater 1 – MID 128 PSID 103”, page 69

• “ECM SPN 4356, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Line Heater 3 – MID 128 PSID 102”, page 69

• “ECM SPN 4375, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust FluidPump (DEF) Drive Percentage – MID 128 PSID 121”, page70

• “ECM SPN 4376, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Return Valve – MID 128 PSID 105”, page 71

• “ECM SPN 4752, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Cooler Efficiency – MID 128 SID 282”, page 72

• “ECM SPN 4811, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure –MID 128 PPID 8”, page 72

• “ECM SPN 4813, Engine Oil Thermostat Bypass ValveOpening – MID 128 PSID 72”, page 72

• “ECM SPN 4815, Engine Cooling Fan Thermal SwitchPosition – MID 128 PPID 333”, page 73

• “ECM SPN 5246, Aftertreatment SCR Operator InducementSeverity – MID 128 PSID 46”, page 73

• “ECM SPN 5298, Aftertreatment Diesel Oxidation Catalyst(DOC) Conversion Efficiency – MID 128 PSID 99”, page 74

• “ECM SPN 5319, Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Incomplete Regeneration – MID 128 PSID 47”, page74

• “ECM SPN 5392, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Dosing Valve Loss of Prime – MID 128 PSID 121”,page 74

• “ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Dosing Valve – MID 128 PSID 89/90”, page 75

• “ECM SPN 5397, Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Regeneration Too Frequent – MID 128 PSID 47”,page 75

• “ECM SPN 5485, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Pump Orifice – MID 128 PSID 121”, page 76

13


ECM SPN 84, Wheel-Based Vehicle Speed – MID 128 PID 84Type offault:

FMI Description: Fault Condition: PossibleSymptoms:

Possible Cause:

FMI 9 • Abnormal updaterate

• Missing signalfrom VECU

• Engine derate • SAE J1587 data link vehicle speedmessage does not exist, (VECU error)

• VECU

FMI 10 • Abnormal rate ofchange

• Vehicle speeddeemedinaccurate byVECU

• MIL illuminated • Vehicle speed sensor (VSS)

• VECU

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • No vehicle speedavailable to VECU


• VECU

FMI 19 • Received networkdata in error

• Vehicle speeddeemedinaccurate byVECU


• VECU

ECM SPN 91, Accelerator Pedal Position 1 – MID 128 PID 91Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom VECU

• N/A • SAE J1587 data link pedal informationnot available


• Pedal positiondeemedinaccurate byVECU

• MIL illuminated • Accelerator pedal sensor fault

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Pedal notconnected toVECU



• Pedal positiondeemedinaccurate byVECU


ECM SPN 94, Engine Fuel Delivery Pressure – MID 128 PID 94Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal, or shortedto high source

• Low fuel pressuresensor signal linevoltage

• N/A • Damaged contacts in harness

• Faulty fuel pressure sensor

• Open circuit.

FMI 5 • Current belownormal or opencircuit

• Low fuel pressuresensor signal linevoltage

• N/A • Damaged contacts in harness


14


FMI 7 • Mechanical systemnot respondingproperly

• Drop in fuelpressure

• Engine derate • Clogged fuel filter


• Leaking fuel line or fitting

• Poor fuel pump response

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicates ainvalid value

• N/A • Wiring harness


• Clogged fuel filter

FMI 15 • Data valid but abovenormal operatingrange - Least severelevel

• Sensor indicates ainvalid value



FMI 17 • Data valid but belownormal operatingrange - Least severelevel




• Clogged fuel filter

FMI 18 • Data valid but belownormal operatingrange - Moderatelysevere level

• Drop in fuelpressure

• Engine derate • Clogged fuel filter


• Leaking fuel line or fitting

• Poor fuel pump response

ECM SPN 97, Water in Fuel Indicator – MID 128 PID 97Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange - Most severelevel

• Water in fuel isindicated

• Uneven running

• Engine stalling

• Water in fuel


• N/A • Undetected waterin fuel supply

• Uneven running

• Engine stalling

• Open circuit

FMI 4 • Voltage belownormal, or shortedto low source

• N/A • Undetected waterin fuel supply

• Uneven running

• Short to ground

• Open circuit

• Faulty sensor

ECM SPN 98, Engine Oil Level – MID 128 PID 98Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 1 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange

• Critically belowrange

• Red Stop oryellow Checklamps illuminateddependent ofseverity

• Low oil level leakage

• Critically low oil level

15



• Short Circuit -Positive side

• Oil level can notbe measured

• Engine Oil Level (EOL) sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit +,Positive side

• Open Circuit +,Positive side

• Open Circuit-Negative side

• Oil level can notbe measured

• Engine Oil Level (EOL) sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Moderately belowrange



• Low oil level leakage

• Moderately low oil level

ECM SPN 100, Engine Oil Pressure – MID 128 PID 100Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 1 • Data valid but belownormal operationalrange


• Engine derate

• Low pressure

• Red Stop lampilluminated

• Oil leakage

• Broken oil pump

• Clogged oil system

FMI 3 • Voltage belownormal or shortedlow

• Short Circuit +,Measuring line

• Open Circuit,Ground line

• Oil pressureshows 0 in thecluster, engine isrunning

• Yellow Checklamps illuminated

• Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) sensorfailure

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit +, 5VSupply line

• Short Circuit -,Measuring line

• Open Circuit,Measuring line


• Yellow Checklamps illuminated


• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicates ainvalid value



• Faulty harness





• Faulty harness





• Faulty harness

16


ECM SPN 102, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Pressure – MID 128 PID 102Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 2 • Data erratic,intermittent orincorrect

• Intake ManifoldPressure Sensoroutput is too highor too low

• Engine derate

• MIL lampilluminated

• Faulty harness

• Intake Manifold Pressure sensor


• A short to batteryin the meteringcircuit

• An open in theground circuitof the IntakeManifold PressureSensor

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness

• Harness connectors



• A short to groundin the harness

• An open in the 5volt supply circuit

• An open in themetering circuit

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



FMI 12 • Bad intelligentdevice orcomponent

• Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too high

• Sensor indicatesa invalid value

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicatesa invalid value

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too low


• Engine derate


• Faulty harness


• Inlet air leakage


• Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too high

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness





• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



17


ECM SPN 103, Engine Turbocharger 1 Speed – MID 128 PID 103Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• A fault is logged ifthe TurbochargerSpeed Sensorsignal is lost

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty harness

• Faulty harness connector

• Turbocharger Speed Sensor

ECM SPN 105, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Temperature – MID 128 PID 105Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Poor cooling

• Extreme running conditions


• The IntakeManifoldTemperaturesensor output istoo high or too low

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Poor cooling

• Extreme running conditions

• Engine Intake Manifold sensor

• Faulty harness


• Ambient Air Temperature sensor


• N/A • Difficult to start incold climates

• Minor cold enginesmoke

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


FMI 5 • Current belownormal or opencircuitt

• Possible short tosensor

• Difficult to start incold climates

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • The sensor outputis showing aconstant value

• Engine derate


• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness



• The sensor outputis showing aconstant value

• Engine derate


• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


18


ECM SPN 108, Barometric Pressure – MID 128 PID 108Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• BarometricPressure sensoroutput is too highor too low

• Minor enginederate

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty Engine Control Module


• Short to battery onthe metering side

• MIL illuminated • Internal fault in the Engine ControlModule

• Faulty Sensor


• A short to groundon the meteringside

• MIL illuminated • Internal fault in the Engine ControlModule

• Faulty Sensor

ECM SPN 110, Engine Coolant Temperature – MID 128 PID 110Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Coolanttemperatureindicates criticallimit

• Engine derate


• Extreme driving condition

• Faulty coolant thermostat

• Malfunctioning fan

• Blocked radiator


• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor output istoo high or too low

• May affectdriveability inextreme cases

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


FMI 4 • Voltage belownormal or shortedlow

• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor voltagetoo low

• Difficult to start incold climates

• Idle run regulationis deteriorated

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


• N/A • Difficult to start incold climates

• Idle run regulationis deteriorated

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor outputis showing aconstant value

• May affect vehicledriveability

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor out ofrange


• MIL illuminated • Faulty Sensor

19


FMI 16 • Data valid but abovenormal operatingrange - Moderatelysevere level

• Coolanttemperatureindicatesmoderate upperlimit

• Engine derate

• Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Extreme driving condition


• Malfunctioning fan

• Blocked radiator


• Sensor out ofrange



ECM SPN 111, Engine Coolant Level – MID 128 PID 111Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 1 • Data valid but belownormal operationalrange - Most severelevel


• Coolant level cannot be detected

• Engine derate



• Coolant level below range

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit +,measuring line




• Faulty harness


• Faulty level sensor


• Short Circuit -,measuring line




• Faulty harness




• Open Circuit




• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Sensor out ofrange




• Faulty harness








• Faulty harness



20


ECM SPN 153, Engine High Resolution Crankcase Pressure – MID 128PID 153/PSID 23Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Out of range, maxvoltage, illegal

• Critically AboveRange


• Forced idle

• Engine shut down

• Piston ring blow-by


• Crankcasepressureindication to highor to low a value

• MIL illuminated • Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal or shorted tohigh source



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit +, 5VSupply Line

• Short Circuit -,measuring line

• Open Circuit,measuring line

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness

FMI 7 • Mechanical systemnot responding orout of adjustment

• Leakage detectedin the crankcaseventilation system

• MIL illuminated • Faulty separator, hoses or pipes












ECM SPN 158, Keyswitch Battery Potential – MID 128 PID 158/PSID 124Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Aftertreatmentcontrol module(ACM) batteryvoltage too high

• N/A • Charging system fault

• External charger

• ACM

21



• Aftertreatmentcontrol module(ACM) batteryvoltage too low

• Starter will notcrank

• Charging system fault

• Battery

• Ground connection


• Engine controlmodule (ECM)battery voltage toohigh



• ECM


• Engine controlmodule (ECM)battery voltage toolow



• Battery



• Aftertreatmentcontrol module(ACM) batteryvoltage too high



• ACM


• Aftertreatmentcontrol module(ACM) batteryvoltage too low



• Battery


ECM SPN 171, Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) – MID 128 PID 171Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Key ON, AATmessage missingon SAE J1939 andSAE J1587 datalinks

• N/A • Faulty instrument cluster

• Faulty harness

FMI 9 • Abnormal UpdateRate

• Key ON, AATmessage missingon SAE J1587data link

• N/A • Faulty instrument cluster

• Faulty harness


• AAT sensor signalfault

• MIL illuminated • Faulty instrument cluster


• Loss of SAEJ1939 data linkcommunicationbetween enginecontrol module(ECM) andinstrument clustercontrol module


• Faulty harness

22


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • AAT sensor signalfault

• No AAT calculatedby Vehicle ECU

• No valid ambienttemperaturereceived byEngine ControlModule

• MIL illuminated • Faulty instrument cluster/harness orcluster harness connectors

FMI 14 • Special instructions • AAT sensor signalfault

• MIL illuminated • AAT sensor signal missing fromVehicle ECU


• AAT sensor signalfault


ECM SPN 173, Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) – MID 128 PID 173Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• EGT is criticallyhigh

• Engine derate

• Poor driveability

• Aftertreatementregeneration isnot possible

• Faulty harness


• Intake air leak


• Sensor is notrational

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


• Exhaust leak

• Intake air leak

• Sensor failure


• Short to ground onthe metering sideof the circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Aftertreatment control module (ACM)


• Short to battery onthe metering sideof the circuit

• Open in themetering side ofthe circuit

• Open in theground side ofthe circuit

• MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

• Sensor failure


23





• MIL illuminated • Sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• EGT is moderatelytoo high

• Engine derate

• Poor driveability

• Faulty harness


• Intake air leak

ECM SPN 175, Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) 1 – MID 128 PID 175Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Extreme drivingconditions

• EOT criticallyabove range


• Engine derate

• Extreme driving conditions

• Engine cooling fan

• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system

• Clogged oil cooler


• EOT sensorindicating too highor too low a value(abnormal value)

• MIL illuminated

• In some casesmay havean effect ondriveability

• EOT sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Short circuit -,measuring line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness


• Short circuit +,measuring line

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• MIL illuminated • EOT sensor failure


• Extreme drivingconditions

• EOT is moderatelytoo high


• Engine derate



• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system





• MIL illuminated • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensorfailure

24


ECM SPN 177, Transmission Oil Temperature – MID 128 PID 177Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Oil temperaturecritically aboverange


• Transmission oil cooler

• Coolant system


• Oil temperatureis moderately toohigh




• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system


ECM SPN 188, Engine Speed At Idle, Point 1 (Engine Configurations) –MID 128 PID 188Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine idle speedabove desiredspeed

• MIL illuminated

• High engine oilconsumption

• High fuelconsumption

• Engine oil entering cylinders

• Leaking or faulty fuel injector


• Engine idle speedbelow desiredspeed

• MIL illuminated

• High fuelconsumption

• Low engine torque production

• Faulty fuel injector

• Low cylinder compression

• Engine friction is too high

ECM SPN 190, Engine Speed – MID 128 PID 190Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine is/wasoverspeeding


• Engine oil entering cylinders

• Faulty crankcase oil filter

• Possible engine brake engagedcausing engine overspeeding

• Possible transmission downshiftcausing engine overspeeding

25


ECM SPN 228, Speed Sensor Calibration – MID 128 PID 228Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1587 datalink calibrationfactor messagedoes not exist.(vehicle ECU(VECU) error).

• Your trip data • VECU

FMI 11 • Failure mode notidentifiable

• SAE J1587 datalink calibrationfactor messagedoes not exist.(vehicle ECU(VECU) error).

• Your trip data • VECU

ECM SPN 237, Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) – MID 128 PSID 161Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• No answer fromVIN


• Engine will notstart

• Data link error

• Engine control module (ECM)

• Missing VIN in other electronic controlunits (ECUs) commonly vehicleelectronic control unit (VECU), lightcontrol module (LCM)


• Bad answer fromVIN



• Engine control module (ECM)

• Mismatched VIN sent from otherelectronic control units (ECUs)commonly vehicle electronic controlunit (VECU), light control module(LCM))

ECM SPN 245, Total Vehicle Distance – MID 128 PID 245Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1587 datalink total vehicledistance messagedoes not exist.(vehicle ECU(VECU) error).

• N/A • VECU

26


ECM SPN 251, Time – MID 128 PID 251Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Time datamessage missingon SAE J1587 andJ1939 data links.(Cluster error).

• Time stampfrom cluster isn’tavailable.

• N/A • Instrument Cluster


• Time datamessage didn’tarrive whenexpected. (Clustererror).




• Soak time toolong.

• Time data fault,data deemedinaccurate.

• MIL illuminated • Instrument Cluster


• Time and datedata missing onJ1939 data link.


• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Time/date fault • MIL illuminated • Instrument Cluster

• Faulty harness



• Soaktime too long.

• Time data fault,data deemedinaccurate.


27


ECM SPN 252, Date – MID 128 PID 252Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Date datamessage missingon SAE J1587data link. (Clustererror).


ECM SPN 411, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) DifferentialPressure – MID 128 PID 411Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• EGR differentialpressure sensoroutput reading toohigh. (abnormalvalue)

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor

• EGR leakage

• Clogged EGR cooler


• Only used tocontrol EGR valve.

• N/A • N/A


• Short to battery inmetering line

• Open in theground circuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor connector

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor harness

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor


• Open in the 5 voltsupply line

• Short to ground inmetering line

• Open in themetering line

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate





• EGR differentialpressure sensoris read either tohigh or too low.(Abnormal value).

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate




• EGR valve

• EGR valve leak

• Clogged venturi

28



• EGR differentialpressure sensorout of range (toohigh)

• N/A • Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor

FMI 14 • Special instructions • EGR differentialpressure sensorout of range (toolow)



• EGR differentialpressure sensorout of range (toohigh)



• EGR differentialpressure sensorout of range (toolow)


ECM SPN 412, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Temperature –MID 128 PID 412Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine EGRTemperature isabove range

• Engine derate • Extreme driving conditions

• EGR cooler failure


• EGR temperatesignal, believedto be not valid(plausibility fault)

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty sensor


• Short to groundon the meteringside of the EGRSensor circuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine powerwill be deratedaccording to theerror torque map

• Faulty EGR temperature sensorconnector

• Faulty EGR temperature sensorharness

• Faulty EGR temperature sensor


• Short to batteryin the meteringside of the EGRSensor circuit

• Open in themetering side ofthe EGR Sensorcircuit

• Open circuit inthe ground line ofthe EGR Sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty EGR temperature sensorconnector



29


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Engine EGRtemperaturesensor is out ofrange (low)


• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR temperature sensorconnector



FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Engine EGRtemperaturesensor is aboverange




• Engine EGRtemperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)






• Engine EGRtemperature isabove range




• Engine EGRtemperature isout of range (low)





ECM SPN 558, Accelerator Pedal 1 Idle Validation Switch (IVS) – MID 128SID 230Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• IVS signal shortedto voltage


• Faulty harness or connector


• IVS signal shortedto ground or open



ECM SPN 626, Intake Air Heater (IAH) Relay – MID 128 PID 45Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• IAH relay notactivated

• White smoke forcold start

• Start problems incold climate

• IAH relay solenoid shorted

30





• Induction air is hot

• IAH relay isimpossible to turnoff

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit • Preheat relay notactivated

• White smoke forcold start

• Start problems incold climate

• Faulty IAH relay

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 628, Program Memory – MID 128 SID 240Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Check sum error • Red Stop lampilluminated


• Engine Control Module (ECM)software

FMI 11 • Root cause notknown

• Bad softwareconfiguration

• MIL illuminated




• Error on code-partof flash RAM orerased vendorarea


• Nothing functions



FMI 14 • Special instructions • VIN not loaded yet • Flashing MIL


• Vehicle identification number (VIN)missing

31


ECM SPN 629, Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 1 – MID 128 SID 254Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 8 • Abnormal frequencyor pulse width orperiod

• Self test failure • Red Stop lampilluminated

• Not possible toprogram EngineControl Module(ECM)

• ECM


• Self test failure • Red Stop lampilluminated


• ECM

ECM SPN 630, Calibration Memory – MID 128 SID 253Type offault:


Possible Cause:









FMI 14 • Special instructions • Vehicleidentificationnumber (VIN) notloaded yet

• Loss of log dataand some userconfigurable data


32


ECM SPN 631, Calibration Module – MID 128 PSID 77/PSID 124Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Check sum error • Engine will notstart

• Aftertreatment control module (ACM)software error


• Reset of ECMdoes not work


• Aftertreatment control module (ACM)software error

ECM SPN 633, Engine Fuel Actuator 1 Control Command – MID 128 SID 18Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Valve constantlyshut

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

• Faulty engine control module (ECM)driver


• Circuit shorted – • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• High fuelconsumption dueto fuel leakage

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

• Faulty engine control module (ECM)driver


• Open circuit • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Valve constantlyshut

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 636, Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor – MID 128 SID 21Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Phase Error- Incorrectcorrelationbetween CMPand crankshaftposition (CKP)sensor

• MIL illuminated

• Increase in fuelconsumption

• Engine timing

33



• Missing Signalfrom CMP sensor

• Open in the CMPsensor circuit

• Short to battery inthe CMP sensorcircuit

• Short to ground inthe CMP sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Possible loss ofengine power

• Increased enginestart time

• Faulty harness


• Noisy Signal fromCMP sensor

• Open in the CMPsensor circuit

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty CMP sensor

• Faulty harness

34


ECM SPN 637, Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor – MID 128 SID 22Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Intermittent orweak signal

• MIL illuminated


• Increased fuelconsumption

• Imprecise enginetiming


• Uneven cylinderbalancing

• Power loss

• Smoke

• Faulty CKP sensor harness

• Faulty CKP sensor


• Missing signalCKP sensor

• Open in the CKPsensor circuit

• Short to battery inthe CKP sensorcircuit

• Short to ground inthe CKP sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated





• Faulty CKP sensor


• Erratic orintermittent signalfrom CKP sensor

• Open in the CKPsensor

• MIL illuminated





• Uneven cylinderbalancing

• Power loss

• Smoke


• Faulty CKP sensor mounting

35


ECM SPN 639, SAE J1939 Data Link 1 – MID 128 SID 231Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1939 high orlow circuit shorted+

• SAE J1939 high orlow circuit shorted–

• SAE J1939 highor low circuit open

• MIL illuminated • Faulty harness or connector

ECM SPN 641, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) Actuator1 – MID 128 SID 27Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine VGTactuatortemperature outof range


• Possible enginederate

• N/A


• Engine VGTactuator hasnot seen a validcommand on SAEJ1939 (CAN2)data link

• Incorrect data

• MIL illuminated


• Low boost

• Low power

• Nozzle opens

• Smoke fromengine

• Disturbance on SAE J1939 (CAN2)data link


• Short to ground • MIL illuminated


• Nozzle will openresulting in lowpower and lowboost

• Engine VGTactuator willcontinue toattempt andmaintain targetnozzle position

• Faulty engine VGT actuator connector

• Faulty engine VGT actuator harness

• Low battery voltage

36



• Mechanicalproblem withthe engine VGTactuator

• MIL illuminated


• Low boost andsmoke

• Possible enginederate

• Power loss insome cases whenactuator motorhas been disabled

• Engine VGT actuator motor effortis temporarily limited to preventoverheating

• Restrictions detected when runninglearn sequence

• Engine VGT actuator is slow to followcommands

• Engine VGT actuator position is nottracking command


• Data from theengine VGTactuator hasbeen missing for2-seconds

• MIL illuminated


• Engine derated(major)

• EGR valve closed

• Data link harness

• No supply to engine VGT actuator

• Engine VGT actuator

• Engine VGT actuator connector


• Engine VGTdisabledby internaldiagnostics

• MIL illuminated


• Nozzle will openresulting in lowpower, low boostand smoke

• Loss of communication

• Internal diagnostic failures

• Data storage failure

• Over rotation

• Engine VGT actuator

• Engine VGT actuator connector

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Failed self-calibration


• VGT actuator

ECM SPN 642, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) Actuator 2– MID 128 PPID 89Type offault


Possible Cause


• VGT actuatortemperature iscritically high


• Engine derate

• Coolant system malfunction


• Overheated engine VGT actuator


• VGT actuatortemperature ismoderately toohigh

• YellowCheck lampilluminated

• Engine derate

• Coolant system malfunction


• Overheated engine VGT actuator

37


ECM SPN 647, Engine Fan Clutch Output Device Driver – MID 128 SID 33Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Short to positivein the cooling fancontrol circuit



• Fan runs at fullspeed

• Faulty cooling fan actuator

• Faulty cooling fan actuator harness orconnector


• Short to groundin the cooling fancontrol circuit

• Output voltageis 1/3 the supplyvoltage


• Fan alwaysdeactivated oralways activated iffault is intermittent




• Open in thecooling fan controlcircuit


• Fan runs at fullspeed



ECM SPN 651, Engine Injector Cylinder 1 – MID 128 SID 1Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Harness shorted +low side circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Engine power loss

• Engine runninguneven (misfire)

• Faulty harness


• Harness shorted+, – or open highside circuit

• Harness shorted –low side circuit

• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness

• Faulty engine injector

38



• Cylinder balancingdata above limit

• MIL illuminated • PTO engaged without engine controlmodule (ECM) knowing



• Damaged or flywheel

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Cylinder balancingdata above limit

• MIL illuminated • PTO engaged without ECM knowing

• Faulty engine fuel injector





Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness













39




Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated • PTO engaged without engine controlmodule ECM knowing





• MIL illuminated • PTO engaged without engine controlmodule ECM knowing






Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness


40















Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness













41




Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness













ECM SPN 677, Engine Starter Motor Relay – MID 128 SID 39Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty starter relay

• Fault harness




• Faulty starter relay

• Fault harness

42


ECM SPN 729, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 1 – MID 128 SID 70Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +,measuring line



• Faulty IAH 1


• Circuit shorted –,measuring line



• Faulty IAH 1



• Faulty IAH 1

ECM SPN 730, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 2 – MID 128 SID 71Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +,measuring line



• Faulty IAH 2


• Circuit shorted –,measuring line



• Faulty IAH 2



• Faulty IAH 2

43


ECM SPN 931, Engine Fuel Supply Pump Actuator – MID 128 SID 78Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Fuel priming pumpcircuit shorted +

• Fuel priming ordrain aborted andinhibited

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness


• Fuel priming pumpcircuit shorted –,

• Fuel primingpumppermanently on

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness


• Open circuit fuelpriming pump

• Fuel priming ordrain inhibited

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 970, Engine Auxiliary Shutdown Switch – MID 128 PPID 6Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine shutdownswitch circuitshorted +

• Engine shutdownswitch can not beactivated

• Engine shutdown switch


• Open circuit inengine shutdownswitch

• Engine shutdownswitch can not beactivated

• Engine shutdown switch

ECM SPN 975, Estimated Percent Fan Speed – (MID 128 PID 26)Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom Fan SpeedSensor



• Open Circuit,Measuring line


• Higher fuelconsumption

• Will work as on/offfan, 100%fanspeed if cooling isneeded

• Cooling Fan Speed (CFS) sensorfailure

• Faulty Cooling Fan Speed (CFS)sensor harness

44


ECM SPN 1072, Engine Compression Brake Output #1 – MID 128 PPID 122Type offault


Possible Cause


• Below range • Info lampilluminated

• No enginecompressionbrake

• Low engine oil temperature


• Short Circuit + • Yellow Check lampilluminated

• Enginecompressionbrake can notbe turned on

• Engine brakefunction derated

• Gear shiftperformancederated forsome automatictransmissions

• Faulty engine compression brakeactuator

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit - • Yellow Check lampilluminated

• Enginecompressionbrake can notbe turned off

• Engine stopsrunning

• Engine impossibleto restart


• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit • Yellow Check lampilluminated

• Enginecompressionbrake can notbe turned on

• Engine brakefunction derated

• Gear shiftperformancederated forsome automatictransmissionboxes


• Faulty harness

45


ECM SPN 1127, Engine Turbocharger Intake Manifold Pressure (IMP) –MID 128 PSID 98Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engineturbochargerboost pressureis too high

• MIL illuminated

• Turbochargersurge

• Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)system failure

• Faulty engine turbocharger ouletpressure sensor


• Engineturbochargerboost pressureis too low

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Engine slow torespond

• Air leak in turbocharger hoses, pipes,brackets, cooler or components

• EGR system fault


• Poor engineturbochargerboost pressureresponse

• MIL illuminated

• Engine powerloss/re-sponse/drivability

• Engine turbocharger inlet air systemleak

• Faulty engine turbocharger


• Engine variablegeometryturbocharger(VGT) controlmode fault

• MIL illuminated • Engine VGT fault

FMI 14 • Special instructions • Poor engineturbochargerboost pressureresponse

• MIL illuminated • Air leak in engine turbocharger hoses,pipes, brackets, cooler or components

• Engine variable geometry turbocharger(VGT) fault

• Oil pressure fault


• Engineturbochargerboost pressureis too high

• MIL illuminated

• Engineturbochargersurge


• Faulty sensor


• Engineturbochargerboost pressureis too low

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Engine slow torespond

• Air leak in engine turbocharger hoses,pipes, brackets, cooler or components


ECM SPN 1136, Engine Control Module (ECM) Temperature – MID 128PPID 55Type offault


Possible Cause


• Short to groundon the meteringcircuit

• N/A • ECM

46



• Short to batteryin the meteringcircuit

• Open in themetering circuit

• Open circuit in theground circuit

• N/A • ECM

ECM SPN 1198, Anti–theft Random Number – MID 128 PID 224Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine controlmodule (ECM)and instrumentcluster controlmodule securitycodes do notmatch


• Can start engine

• Security system failure


• Security systemnot installed


• Can start engine

• Security system failure

47


ECM SPN 1231, SAE J1939 Data Link 2 – MID 128 PSID 229Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +

• Circuit shorted –

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• No AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)dosing

• No enginevariablegeometry engineturbocharger(VGT) control

• Faulty harness


• Missing signalfrom transmissioncontrol module(TCM)

• MIL illuminated


• No AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)dosing

• SAE J1939 data link

• Faulty harness or connectors

• DEF pump

• DEF control module

ECM SPN 1265, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure Actuator – MID 128SID 85Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Possible smokeduring start up

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator


• Circuit shorted – • Red Stop lampilluminated

• Engine damagecan occur withoutpiston cooling

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator



• Possible smokeduring start up

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator

48


ECM SPN 1322, Engine Misfire for Multiple Cylinders – MID 128 PSID 27Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Cylinder misfiresdetected inmultiple cylinders

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injectors

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Cylinder misfiresdetected inmultiple cylinders

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle


ECM SPN 1323, Engine Misfire Cylinder #1 – MID 128 SID 1Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Cylinder misfiresdetected incylinder 1

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Cylinder misfiresdetected incylinder1

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector



Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Cylinder misfiresdetected incylinder 2

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector



Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector


• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector

49




Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector


• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector



Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector


• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector



Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector


• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine injector

50


ECM SPN 1659, Engine Coolant System Thermostat – MID 128 PSID 109Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Thermostat stuckclosed

• Possible poordrivability

• Coolant thermostat


• Thermostat isleaking or stuckopen

• MIL illuminated

• Longer enginewarm up time

• Poor heat in cab

• Coolant thermostat

ECM SPN 1675, Engine Starter Mode – MID 128 SID 39Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Starteroverheating


• Starter is deactivated due tooverheating


• Transmission notin neutral




• Starter gear isstuck, engagedwith engine



FMI 14 • Special instructions • PTO is engagedor switch on



51


ECM SPN 1677, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) AuxiliaryHeater Mode – MID 128 PSID 25Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange — mostsevere level

• Truck has idledtoo long withoutcompleting aperiodic heatmode


• Engine derate

• High temperaturespikes in DPFwhen drivingis resumed orduring stationaryregeneration

• Extremely cold ambient temperatures

• PTO operated with limited exhausttemperatures

• Engine turbocharger

• Engine turbocharger compressorbypass valve




• White exhaustsmoke









• White exhaustsmoke






ECM SPN 1761, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank Level –PPID 278Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Short circuit highside

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure


• Short circuit +

• Open circuit


• Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure


• AftertreatmentDEF tank level low(driver warning)

• LowaftertreatmentDEF fluid lampilluminated

• N/A

52


FMI 14 • Special Instructions • AftertreatmentDEF tank almostempty (driverwarning)


• No AftertreatmentDEF dosing

• N/A


• AftertreatmentDEF tank almostempty (driverwarning)


• No aftertreatmentDEF dosing

• N/A

ECM SPN 2017, Cruise Control Status – MID 128 PID 85Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing cruisecontrol signalfrom vehicleelectronic controlunit (VECU)

• Cruise controldoes not work

• No clutch information to engine controlmodule (ECM) from SAE J1939 datalink

ECM SPN 2023, Invalid or Missing Data From Instrument Cluster – MID128 PSID 202Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom instrumentcluster via SAEJ1939 (CAN 1)data link (CM1signal)


• Faulty harness or connections

ECM SPN 2029, Invalid or Missing Data from Vehicle ECU – MID 128 PSID201Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom cluster


53


ECM SPN 2629, Engine Turbocharger Compressor Outlet Temperature –MID 128 PID 404Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Estimated engineturbochargerdischargetemperature error.

• Engine derate • High ambient air temperature (AAT)

• Low barometric pressure

• Leak in engine turbocharger inlet tube


• Engineturbochargeroutlet temperaturesignal believed tobe not valid (high)(plausibility fault)

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Engine turbocharger outlet temperaturesensor


• Short circuit –,measuring line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness


• Short circuit +,measuring line

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Sensor out ofrange

• MIL illuminated • Engine turbocharger outlet temperaturesensor



• MIL illuminated • Engine turbocharger outlet temperaturesensor



• MIL illuminated • Faulty Engine turbocharger outlettemperature sensor

ECM SPN 2659, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Mass Flow Rate– MID 128 PPID 35Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0(J1587only)

• Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange

• EGR flow is toohigh

• MIL illuminated

• Exhaust smoke

• Faulty EGR system


• EGR flow is toolow

• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR system


54



• EGR flow is toohigh

• MIL illuminated

• Exhaust smoke

• Faulty EGR system



• EGR flow is toolow

• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR system



ECM SPN 2791, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Control –MID 128 SID 146Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Stuck EGR valve

• EGR valve circuitshorted +

• EGR valve circuitshorted to –

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate


• Faulty EGR valve


• Open EGR valvecircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate


• Faulty EGR valve

55


ECM SPN 3031, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) TankTemperature – MID 128 PPID 274Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDEF tanktemperature toohigh

• Date datamessage missingon SAE J1587data link. (clustererror).

• MIL illuminated


• Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure


• Short Circuit - • MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure

• Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupasssembly/sensor wiring or connectors


• Short Circuit +

• Open Circuit

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure

• Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor wiring or connectors


• Sensor ripple isnot too high

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF tank pickupassembly/sensor failure

• Aftertreatment DEF tank pickup‘assembly/sensor wiring or connectors

ECM SPN 3064, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) SystemMonitor – MID 128 PPID 326Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Moderately highsoot load


• Medium to highengine derate

• Aftertreatment DPF clogged

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserclogged

• Aftertreatment regeneration disabledby driver or other component


• Soot loading highdue to heavyload or use (noproblem)


• Engine derate

• No error, condition occurs during heavyload or use with high soot loading


• Critically high sootload


• High enginederate

• Engine derate

• Aftertreatment DPF clogged

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser

• Aftertreatment regeneration disabledby driver or other component

56


ECM SPN 3216, Aftertreatment Intake NOx – MID 128 PPID 348Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Aftertreatmentintake NOx sensorerror (plausibility)

• Mismatchbetweenaftertreatmentintake NOx sensorand aftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated • Engine outlet NOx high

• Faulty aftertreatment intake NOxsensor


• Short Circuit,aftertreatmentintake NOx signal

• MIL illuminated • Faulty wiring between aftertreatmentintake NOx sensor and sensorelectronic control module



• Open Circuit,aftertreatmentintake NOx signal

• MIL illuminated • Faulty wiring between aftertreatmentintake NOx sensor and sensorelectronic control module



• Missingsignal fromaftertreatmentintake NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated


• Loss of communication fromaftertreatment intake NOx sensorelectronic control module and enginecontrol module (ECM)


• Aftertreatmentintake NOx sensormeasures nearzero for long timewith high load

• MIL illuminated • Faulty aftertreatment intake NOxsensor


• Aftertreatmentintake NOxsensor, signalcorrupt (incorrectvalue)


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Aftertreatmentintake NOx,sensor activation(incorrect value)


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Missingsignal fromaftertreatmentintake NOx sensordue to batteryvoltage

• MIL illuminated • Voltage to aftertreatment intake NOxsensor is too high or too low


57


ECM SPN 3226, Aftertreatment Outlet NOx – MID 128 PPID 270/ PSID 90MID 233 Fault code sent by MID 128 engine control module (ECM)

Type offault


Possible Cause


• Aftertreatmentintake NOx sensorerror (plausibility)

• Mismatch betweenaftertreatmentintake NOx sensorand aftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated • Engine outlet NOx high

• Faulty aftertreatment outlet NOxsensor

• Aftertreatment diesel exhaust fluid(DEF) quality

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal or shortedto high source

• Short Circuit,aftertreatmentoutlet NOx signal

• MIL illuminated • Faulty wiring between aftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensor and sensorelectronic control module



• Open Circuit,aftertreatmentoutlet NOx signal

• MIL illuminated • Faulty wiring between aftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensor and sensorelectronic control module



• Missingsignal fromaftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated

• Yellow Check lampilluminated

• Loss of communication fromaftertreatment outlet NOx sensorelectronic control module and enginecontrol module (ECM)


• Aftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensormeasures nearzero for long timewith high load

• MIL illuminated • Faulty aftertreatment outlet NOxsensor


• Aftertreatementoutlet NOx sensor,signal corrupt(incorrect value)


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Aftertreatementoutlet NOxsensor, activation(incorrect value)


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Missingsignal fromaftertreatmentoutlet NOx sensordue to batteryvoltage

• MIL illuminated • Voltage to aftertreatment outlet NOxsensor is too high or too low

• Faulty harness to aftertreatementoutlet NOx sensor

58


ECM SPN 3245, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) OutletTemperature – MID 128 PPID 436Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDPF outlettemperaturecritically too high

• Low engine power • Restricted Catalyst

• Intake air leak

• Faulty aftertreatment DPF outlettemperature sensor


• AftertreatmentDPF outlettemperaturesensor isnot rational(plausibility)

• MIL illuminated

• Aftertreatmentregeneration notpossible


• Exhaust system leak

• Faulty harness connectors orconnections



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness











• AftertreatmentDPF outlettemperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)

• AftertreatmentDPF outlettemperaturesensor indicates ainvalid value



59


ECM SPN 3249, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) IntakeTemperature – MID 128 PPID 387Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDPF intaketemperaturesensor isnot rational(plausibility)

• MIL illuminated

• Abortedaftertreatmentregeneration

• Faulty harness

• Faulty harness connectors orconnections

• Exhaust system leak

• Faulty aftertreatment DPF intaketemperature sensor



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness







• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness




• AftertreatmentDPF intaketemperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)

• AftertreatmentDPF intaketemperaturesensor indicates ainvalid value



ECM SPN 3251, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) DifferentialPressure – MID 128 PID 81Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Critically highpressure

• Engine derate


• Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor failure


• AftertreatmentDPF differentialpressure sensor isnot rational

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor failure

60




• Open in theground line


• Faulty aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor connector

• Faulty harness


• Open in 5 voltsupply line

• Short to ground inmetering line

• Open in meteringline


• Faulty harness


• Moderately highpressure

• Engine derate • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor failure

ECM SPN 3363, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank Heater– MID 128 PSID 75Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Commandedvalve position isnot plausible

• N/A • Faulty harness or connectors

• Aftertreatment DEF tank temperaturesensor

• Aftertreatment DEF tank heating valve


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly



• Open circuit

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly


• Open circuit • N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly

ECM SPN 3471, Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure Control Actuator – MID 128PPID 328Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted tobattery

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness

• Aftertreatment fuel pressure controlactuator failure

61



• Circuit shorted toground

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Open circuit • MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too low

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment fuel shut off valve stuckopen


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too high

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment fuel shut off valveleakage

ECM SPN 3480, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Fuel Pressure– MID 128 PPID 437/PSID 108Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• DPF fuelpressure sensoris not rational(plausibility)

• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbon doserfuel pressure toolow

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty aftertreatment fuel shut off valve

• Faulty aftertreatment DPF fuelpressure sensor

• Air in fuel

• Fuel filter

• Aftertreatment fuel pump



• Open in theground line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness


62



• Open circuit in the5 volt supply

• Short circuit toground in themetering line

• Open circuit in themetering line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Mechanicalproblem

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Possible engineshutdown


• Faulty aftertreatment hydrocarbondoser system


• Faulty aftertreatment fuel shut off valve

• Aftertreatment fuel pump


• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbon doserfuel pressuresensor stuck

• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbon doserfuel pressure toohigh

• MIL illuminated




• Faulty shut off valve



• Fuel pressuresensor is out ofrange


• MIL illuminated • Faulty fuel pressure sensor

ECM SPN 3483, Aftertreatment Regeneration Status – MID 128 PSID 47Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Unable toachieve neededaftertreatmenttemperature

• MIL illuminated

• Possibleincompleteaftertreatmentregeneration


• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too low


• Aftertreatmentsystemtemperature toohigh

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too high


• Regenerationefficiency too low

• N/A • Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserclogged

• Aftertreatment diesel particulate filter(DPF) catalyst damaged

• Aftertreatment diesel particulate filter(DPF) catalyst clogged

63



• Unable toachieve neededtemperature

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too low


• Aftertreatmenttemperature toohigh

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too high

ECM SPN 3509, Sensor Supply Voltage 1 – MID 128 SID 232Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Sensor supplyvoltage out ofrange (high)

• MIL illuminated

• Incorrect sensorvalues



• Sensor supplyvoltage out ofrange (low)

• MIL illuminated



ECM SPN 3510, Sensor Supply Voltage 2 – MID 128 SID 211Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated




• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated



ECM SPN 3511, Sensor Supply Voltage 3 – MID 128 PSID 113Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness


• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

64


ECM SPN 3512, Sensor Supply Voltage 4 – MID 128 PSID 126Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Sensor supplycircuit shorted +

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


• Sensor supplycircuit shorted –

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 3522, Aftertreatment Total Fuel Used – MID 128 PSID 91Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too much

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF system leak

• Wrong aftertreatment DEF tank

• Aftertreatment DEF dosing modulefailure or wrong module


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too little

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF tank level sensorstuck

• Aftertreatment DEF system clog




• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too much

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF system leak




• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too little

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF tank level sensorstuck

• Aftertreatment DEF system clog



ECM SPN 3556, Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon Doser – MID 128 PPID 329Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserfailure

65



• Circuit shorted toground

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser clogged

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserfailure

• Aftertreatment fuel shut off valve

• Aftertreatment fuel supply failure

FMI 14 • Special instructions • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser leaking

• MIL illuminated




ECM SPN 3597, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Regenerationtoo Frequent – MID 128 PSID 119Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

• Faulty connector



• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness



66


ECM SPN 3675, Engine Turbocharger Compressor Bypass Valve Position– MID 128 PPID 330Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +

• On/off valve can’tbe activated

• MIL illuminated

• Yellow electronicmalfunction lampilluminated


• High enginebraking withoutrequest

• Driveabilityaffected

• Faulty bypass valve solenoid

• Faulty harness



• Short circuit -

• Valve constantlyactivated

• MIL illuminated


• Major enginederate

• Exhaust manifoldoverheating



• Faulty harness



• Open circuit


• MIL illuminated






• Faulty harness



• MechanicallyStuck


• MIL illuminated





• Valve constantlyactivated

• Leaking pipes


67


• Major enginederate

• Exhaust manifoldoverheating


ECM SPN 3936, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) System– MID 128 PSID 28Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDPF differentialpressure sensorvalue too high

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor

• Aftertreatment DPF


• AftertreatmentDPF differentialpressure sensorvalue too low

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor

• Aftertreatment DPF

ECM SPN 4094, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to Insufficient Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Quality – MID 128 PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDEF dosing toolow


• Engine derate

• DEF quality

• Aftertreatment DEF line clogged

• Aftertreatment DEF doser

• Aftertreatment control module failure

FMI 14 • Special Instructions • AftertreatmentDEF dosing toolow


• Engine derate

• DEF quality





• AftertreatmentDEF dosing toolow


• Engine derate

• DEF quality




ECM SPN 4095, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to Interrupted Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Dosing – MID 128 PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Dosing failure • MIL illuminated

• AftertreatmentDEF low usage

• DEF level

• Faulty DEF pump

• Leak in DEF hose

68


ECM SPN 4334, Afterteatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing AbsolutePressure – MID 128 PPID 273Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• DEF systemleakage detected

• MIL illuminated


• DEF pump assembly

• DEF hose

• Aftertreatment DEF dosing valve


• Short Circuit - • MIL illuminated


• Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly


• Short Circuit +

• Open Circuit

• MIL illuminated




ECM SPN 4354, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Line Heater 1– MID 128 PSID 103Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Faulty harness


• Aftertreatment DEF line heater 1failure


• Circuit shorted – • N/A • Faulty harness




• Open circuit • N/A • Faulty harness



ECM SPN 4356, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Line Heater 3– MID 128 PSID 102Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Faulty harness



69



• Circuit shorted – • N/A • Faulty harness




• Open circuit • N/A • Faulty harness



ECM SPN 4375, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid Pump (DEF) DrivePercentage – MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty harness


• Aftertreatment DEF pump assemblyfailure



• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness




• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness




• AftertreatmentDEF filter full


• Aftertreatment DEF filter

70





• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Voltage to pumpout of range

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness




• AftertreatmentDEF filter full


• Aftertreatment DEF filter

ECM SPN 4376, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Return Valve– MID 128 PSID 105Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated

• Not possible toperform afterrun

• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness




• Possiblemechanicalproblem withaftertreatmentDEF return valve

• MIL illuminated


• Mechanical fault – aftertreatment DEFreturn line restricted between DEFpump and DEF tank


71


ECM SPN 4752, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Cooler Efficiency– MID 128 SID 282Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Low EGR coolerefficiency

• MIL illuminated • EGR cooler clogged or damaged

ECM SPN 4811, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure – MID 128 PPID 8Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Pressure belowrange


• N/A


• Sensor rationalityfault


• Faulty sensor

• Faulty valve


• Short to battery inmetering line


• Faulty harness


• Open in themetering sidesensor circuit

• Open circuit in theground line sensorcircuit


• Faulty sensor

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 4813, Engine Oil Thermostat Bypass Valve Opening – MID 128PSID 72Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Oil thermostat isalways open

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness

72



• Circuit shorted – • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Oil thermostat isalways closed

• Engine mayoverheat

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness



• Oil thermostat isalways open

• May haveincreased fuelconsumption

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 4815, Engine Cooling Fan Thermal Switch Position – MID 128PPID 333Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor


• Short circuit - • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor



• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor

ECM SPN 5246, Aftertreatment SCR Operator Inducement Severity – MID128 PSID 46Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Severe SCRsystem faultdetected –Warning fault

• Severe enginederate

• N/A


• Moderate SCRsystem faultdetected –Warning fault

• Moderate enginederate

• N/A


• SCR systemfault detected –Warning fault

• Engine derate • N/A

73


ECM SPN 5298, Aftertreatment Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) ConversionEfficiency – MID 128 PSID 99Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Hydrocarbonconversion is toolow in the DOC

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DOC catalyst failure

• Aftertreatment DOC temperaturesensor


• Hydrocarbonconversion is toolow in the DOC

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DOC catalyst failure

• Aftertreatment DOC temperaturesensor

ECM SPN 5319, Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) IncompleteRegeneration – MID 128 PSID 47Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 13 • Calibration valuesoutside limits

• Incompleteaftertreatementregeneration

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment fuel line clogged


FMI 31 • Condition exists • Incompleteaftertreatementregeneration

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment fuel line clogged


ECM SPN 5392, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing ValveLoss of Prime – MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDEF pressurebuild up failure

• MIL illuminated



• Empty aftertreatment DEF tank

• Aftertreatment DEF filter clogged

• Aftertreatment DEF inlet pipe leak orblockage


FMI 31 • Condition exists • AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)pressure buildup failure

• MIL illuminated



• Empty aftertreatment DEF tank

• Aftertreatment DEF filter clogged

• Aftertreatment DEF inlet pipe leak orblockage


74


ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing Valve –MID 128 PSID 89/90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Dosing failure

• AftertreatmentDEF dosingamount too lowor DEF quality

• MIL illuminated

• Aftertreatmentoutlet NOxemissions toohigh

• Aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor

• Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)catalyst malfunction

• Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) massflow failure

• Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)inlet temperature sensor


• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly




• Aftertreatment DEF dosing valve

• Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly

FMI 14 • Special instructions • AftertreatmentDEF Dosing valveclogged or hoseclogged

• MIL illuminated


• Aftertreatment DEF dosing valveclogged

• Hose clogged


• Dosing failure

• AftertreatmentDEF dosingamount too lowor DEF quality

• MIL illuminated

• Aftertreatmentoutlet NOxemissions toohigh

• Aftertreatment outlet NOx sensor

• Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)catalyst malfunction

• Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) massflow failure

• Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)inlet temperature sensor

ECM SPN 5397, Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)Regeneration Too Frequent – MID 128 PSID 47Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 10 • Abnormally strongvibrations

• Aftertreatmentregenerationsfrequency too high

• MIL illuminated

• Too frequentaftertreatmentregenerations

• Engine out soot too high

• Exhaust gas recirculation system fault


• Air leak

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Aftertreatmentregenerationsfrequency too high

• MIL illuminated

• Too frequentaftertreatmentregenerations

• Engine out soot too high

• Exhaust gas recirculation system fault


• Air leak

75


ECM SPN 5485, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Pump Orifice– MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDEF bleed orificeclogged

• MIL illuminated



• Bleed orifice

• Aftertreatment DEF pressure sensor

76

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Volvo Trucks North AmericaP.O. Box 26115, Greensboro, NC 27402-6115

Volvo Trucks Canada, Ltd.5600A Cancross Court, Missisauga, Ontario L5R 3E9

http://www.volvotrucks.com

88985784 () 08.2010 © Volvo Bus Corporation, 2010

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