TRIZ – Innovation

Vishwanath Ramdas

This presentation thanks

•http://Mazur.net/triz •www.Triz-journal.com •Presentation style

– Tom Asacker– Tom Peters

How do we think {innovate}?

Inside the Box[ within the scheme of things }Look for analogous solutions

Let us Distinguish

To innovate!Get the RIGHT answerQuestion & Re-Define

Create something New

To Solve a Problem

Extend What is Solve for NOW

Get the answer RIGHT

How do we think {innovate}?

Random – Trial & Error!

Brainstorming Past Experiences

Psychological Dependant

How do we think {innovate}?

Define Detail Analyze GapsBrain-StormExperimentImplement…This leads to ….

Psychologically constrained approach

How do we think {innovate}?

inability to go beyond the current realm of knowledge By the Individual

By the Group

Psychological inertia.

How do we think {innovate}?

How do we think {innovate}?

Genrich Altshullerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genrich_Altshuller – Thank you!

October 15, 1926 - September 24, 1998

Published his science fiction under the pseudonym Genrikh Altov, often in collaboration with his wife, Valentina Zhuravleva.

40 Inventive Principles 1946-1971,

ARIZ 1959-1985,

Separation Principles 1973-1985,

Su-Field Analysis 1973-1981,

76 Standard Solutions 1977-1985,

Natural Effects (Scientific Effects) 1970-1980,

Patterns of Evolution 1975-1980...

Tools 200K Patents –

‘6940 Principles

TRIZ – Theory of Innovative Problem Solving

Be a systematic step by step procedure.

{ Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch }

Founding Principle..

be repeatable and reliable

Founding Principles

be able to access the body of inventive knowledge

TRIZ

be able to add to the body of inventive knowledge

be familiar enough to inventors

Altshuller studied patents.

200 K Patents..

TRIZ

Found that only a small portion are true innovations

Remaining are straight forward improvements

Today it is 1.4 Million Patents..

he then classified these patents

Classified patents into Strata..

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

32%

45%

18%

4%

<1%

Routine design problems solved by methods well known within the specialty. No invention needed

Minor improvements, by methods within the industry. Usually with some compromise

Fundamental improvements by methods known outside the industry. Contradictions resolved

New generation principle to perform primary functions. Solution found in science than in technology.

A rare scientific discovery or pioneering invention of essentially a new system

TRIZ

The levels again!

Table 1. Levels of Inventiveness.

LvlDegree of inventivenes

s%

Source of knowledge

# of solns.

1 Apparent solution 32% Personal knowledge 10

2Minor

improvement 45% Knowledge within company

100

3Major

improvement 18% Knowledge within the industry

1000

4 New concept 4% Knowledge outside the industry

100,000

5 Discovery 1% All that is knowable 1,000,000

95% of the solutions had been solved before!

TRIZ

Altshuller found ….

overcome contradictions.

True innovation strived to

Contradictions between opposing forces like Speed – Friction

Complexity – Utility

TRIZ

Altshuller found ….

similar patterns (40 of them!)

that most inventions seemed to have

Patterns used in resolving the contradictions.

TRIZ

TRIZ – The Approach

The first Steps

Law of increasing Ideality..

Net Utility divided by Harmfulness

Harm >> cost, footprint, energy consumed, pollution, danger, etc

The faster you get there the more inventive you are!

The evolution of the mechanical spring-driven watch into the electronic quartz crystal watch is an example

of moving towards ideality.

The Approach

Environment Matters..

Super System

The Approach

System

Sub System

ARIZThe Approach

Identify the Problem.The Approach

Innovative Situation Questionnaire

Operating environmentResource requirements Primary useful function

Harmful effectsIdeal result.

Formulate the Problem.The Approach

Function Trees..Super & Sub System

Su Field AnalysisDefine Contradictions

Identify characteristics

QFDMind-Map Root Cause Analysis

39 Characteristics.• Qualities – Static & In Motion (6*2 >

12)– Dimension, area, volume, weight, durability, energy

• Physical Qualities (7)– Shape, strength, speed, pressure, force, brightness,

temperature, power

• Performance Qualities– Stability, reliability, control complexity, system complexity

• Product outcomes (6)– Ease of use, ease of repair, harmful side fx, harmful factors,

measurement accuracy, manufacturing accuracy

• Wastes (5)– Time, effort, material, materials used, information

• Process Characteristics (8)– Adaptability, manufacturability, productivity,, automation

The Approach

Mind Map of Characteristics

39 conflictingparameters

Static Qualities

Quality in motion

Phy. Qualities

Wastes

ProcessingOutcomes

weight

Dimension

Area

Volume

Energy

Durability

weight Dimension

AreaVolume

Energy

Durability

Force

Pressure

Temperature

Brightness

strength

Shape

Speed

Information

Material

Usage of Mttl

time

effort

Ease of Use

Ease of Repair

Accuracy of manufacture

Accuracy of measurement

Reliability

Harmful Side effects

Stability

Manufacturability

Productivity

Adaptatbility

Harmful Factors

System complexity Control

complexity

Automation

PerformanceQualities

The Approach

Seek Analogous Solutions to Adapt

The Approach

40 Inventive Principles Applied through Altshuller Matrix

[39*38 = 1482] SituationsFor each identify Principle

40 Inventive Principles

• Organize (6)– Segmentation, merge,

Abstraction ( extract out), Nesting,

– Counter weight, Asymmetry

• Compose (7)– Local Quality, Universality,– Homogenity, composites,– Spheroids, thin films, Cheap

disposables

• Physical (4)– Porosity, Additional Dimension,,

Thermal Expansion, Colour Changes

• Chemical (4)– Oxidate – reduce, inertness,– Transform states, Phase

transition

• Interactions (5)– Reduce Mechanical

Movement, Bring Fluidity– Equipotence, dynamicity,

vibration

• Process (9)– Do it in reverse, ++ / --,

continued action, repeated action, skip through, negative to positive

– Prior Cushioning, Prior Actions, Prior Counter Actions

• Service (5)– Self service, intermediary,

feedback, – use and retrieve, cheap

copies

The Approach

Mind Map – 40 Inventive Princples

40 inventive Principles

Organize

Compose

Physically

Chemically

InteractionsProcess

Nest

Segment

Counterweight

Abstract – extract

asymmetry

Merge

homogenousThin films

shperoidsLocal quality

universality

composites

+ dimension

porosity

Color changes

Thermal expansion

intermediary

Transform states

inertnessOxidate

Phase transition

invert

Continued Useful action

Prior Cushioning

++ / -- actions

Self service

Repeated Action

feedback

vibrations

dynamism

Equi potence

Negative to positive

Dispose retrieve cheap

copy

fluidity

Service

Prior Counter Action

PriorAction

Skip through

Cheap disposables

Less mechanical

The Approach

Identify my specific problemThe Approach

Search Patent Databases Identify Near by solutions

ExperimentImplement.

95% of the solutions that had been solved before!

TRIZ - TRIX

Tools of the Trade..

ARIZ - Algorithm for Inventive Problem Solving

•Formulate the problem.•Transform the problem into a model.

•Analyze the model.•Resolve physical contradictions.

•Formulate ideal solution.

Su-Field Analysis

•Interactions of objects ( substances )

•Through Fields•Standard triangulation •Between subject and object and •The Field in between. •The field is where the contradiction

is

Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD)

•Failure factor analysis •? FMEA/ QFD / Ishikawa?

Directed Product Evolution (DPE)

•Road map to the future!•Following Principles

– Technology lifecycle– Increasing IFR ( ideal final result)– Increasing complexity followed by simplicity

Uneven development of sub systems– Matching mis-matching of parts – Macro to micronization – Increasing Dynamism and control – Reducing human intervention – automation

Some companies with TRIZ

• Allied Signal Aerospace Sector• Chrysler Corp.• Emerson Electric• Ford Motor Co.• General Motors Corp.• Johnson & Johnson• Rockwell International• UNISYS• Xerox Corporation • LG group

40 Triz Principles

Foundation of TRIZ..

Divide an object into independent parts.

40 TRIZ Principles

Segmentation

CivilizationBricks in a Wall

Object Oriented DesignN-Tier Architecture

Packet Switching

Make object easy to disassembleIncrease the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.

1Merging

Focus on a specific element40 TRIZ Principles

Extract Out

USP AdvertisingData Warehousing

SDLC - Skunkworks

Remove interfering partFocus on Necessary partFiltering

2Nesting

Uniform to Non Uniform40 TRIZ Principles

Local Quality

SME in TeamsPDO

Razor BladesAgriculture implements

Tyres

change an external environment Each part to do its functionEach part suitable for its purpose

3Universality

Skew distribution40 TRIZ Principles

Asymmetry

DB – File ManagementDB - Indexing Variable Pay Road Rollers

Skew it Change the degree of Skew

4Counter Weight

Bring closer / unify40 TRIZ Principles

Merging

HPCCell based manufacture

SOATOC

Assemble into one Parallel / Contiguous Processes

5Segmentati

on

Use everywhere40 TRIZ Principles

Universality

Casio – ScrewStandards

RationalizeSOA

Normalization

Standard Object in multiple contexts

6Local

Quality

One inside another 40 TRIZ Principles

Nested Doll-Matrushka

ContainersProtocols

ParcelsWiring

Pass through Cavity

7Extract Out

Counter inertia40 TRIZ Principles

Counter-Weight

AJAXCranes

Compensate through other objectsCompensate through environment

8Asymmetry

Prepare counter Harm40 TRIZ Principles

Prior Anti-Action

FMEA / Risk ManagementSecurity / SSH

Rail-sleepers

Pre-stress in opposite directionTake anti-Risk Measures

9

Prepare before time is due

40 TRIZ Principles

Prior Action

Cron JobsIndexesDW-DM

Assembly lineCooking

Pre-Fab Construction

Pre process activities – offlinePre Arrange and ready for event

10

Prepare emergencies before hand

40 TRIZ Principles

Prior Cushioning

PPA-FMEADR-BC

RedundancyPeak Demands

RedundancyRisk Mitigation

11

Reduce Position changes40 TRIZ Principles

Equi-potentiality

Job Rotation-Peter PrincipleFlexible Matrix Organization

Eliminate the need to re-structure

12Vibration

Counter Intuition / Norm40 TRIZ Principles

Do it in reverse

LD ProcessFlux Core Welding

‘Ready, Fire, Aim’ - Tom PetersUnlearning

Invert the Actions – the other way aroundChange the conditions of elementsChange orientations

13

Curvature40 TRIZ Principles

Spheroidality

Electric enginesChamfering

Ergonomics-AestheticsQuality Circles

Token RingsSAN - Ring

Rectilinear – CurvilinearRollers Balls Spirals Domes Linear to Rotary motion

14

Allow / Encourage Change

40 TRIZ Principles

Dynamics

SWATSelf learning

DM-DWDHTML-AJAXCustomization

Self OptimizingMoving parts Adaptive Components

15

Increase or Reduce40 TRIZ Principles

Partial / Excess Action

‘If it ain’t broke, improve it anyway’

Phased approach Simple – back of the envelope

Trial and Error80 – 20 rule 95% confidence level

16

Another Dimension40 TRIZ Principles

New Dimension

DB - Normalization Status – Flags WFlow

External Service DependenceArray Objects – Object DB

XML - CSV

Move 2D – 3DRe-Arrange PhysicallyChange direction Outsource - consult

17

Increase Disturbance40 TRIZ Principles

Vibration

Silo – powder flowFear – Excitement

Oscillate VibrateIncrease FrequencyUse ResonanceUse other Vibration FieldsHeighten Tension

18Equipotential

ity

Pulsated Action40 TRIZ Principles

Periodic Action

Cron JobsProject Management

Management by ExceptionNight Shifts

Follow the Sun Service

Batch ProductionChange FrequencyUse Pauses Usefully

19

Work round the clock40 TRIZ Principles

Continued Action

Multi-SkillingVMWare – Virtualization

Loosely coupled

Full load Full time Eliminate Waste - Time

20Skip

Through

Rush through 40 TRIZ Principles

Skip through

Fail Fast; Learn Fast’Just Do IT

Analysis ParalysisHockey stick phenomenon

Hazardous steps fastPrototyping – Spiral Model

21Continued

Action

Turn Lemons into Lemonade

40 TRIZ Principles

Negative to Positive

Bug – FeatureSuburb living

Harm + Harm = GoodChange the focus of harmAmplify harm into feature

22

Listen and Respond40 TRIZ Principles

Feedback

SPCSense and Response

Logging – DM360 Appraisals

Introduce FeedbackIncrease Feedback

23

Representative Agent40 TRIZ Principles

Intermediary

InterfacesConsultant

PDOOutsourcng

For Execution For Translation

24Self Service

Do it yourself40 TRIZ Principles

Self Service

Gobar GasDynamic online help

Math Coding

Self actingSelf Driving – use waste / by products

25Intermediar

y

Don’t Reinvent the wheel40 TRIZ Principles

Copying

Open SourceOTS-modules

Buy out – MergerOnline help – Digital docs

Display to ProjectorBest practice - BOK

Expensive Originals – Cheap CopiesReal – Virtual

26

Cheap Objects40 TRIZ Principles

Cheap Shortlife Objects

Paper cutleryLesser Payload

Cheap Compromises

27

Physical to Field40 TRIZ Principles

Substitute Mechanics

Flash DrivesFewer DB hopsElectric engines

Maglev trainsJet Engines

Laser cuttingDigital Music

EM, optics, acoustic fieldsStatic – Dynamic FieldsField - Particles

28

Pneumatics & hydraulics40 TRIZ Principles

Fluidity

Air CushionsPanama Canal

Gaseuos – liquid parts

29

Thin protective layer40 TRIZ Principles

Flexible Thin Shells

InterfacesProtocolsFirewalls

Rain coatsSkin

Condoms

Isolation layersMinimal Overhead

30Porosity

Allow Ingress / Interactions40 TRIZ Principles

Porosity

SSH Firewall

Skin

Conditional - Osmosis Non conditional

31Thin Flexi

Shells

Change Surface Characteristics

40 TRIZ Principles

Change color

Flexible GUIPersonalization

Localization

W.r.t to environmentTransparency

32

Identical Properties40 TRIZ Principles

Homogenity

Constancy of purposeStandards

Patterns

W.r.t to environmentTransparency

33Composites

Throw and Re-Use40 TRIZ Principles

Discard & Recover

ShuttleSession Variables

PersistancePDO

Cache

Discard useless Parts Retain / Recover Consumables

34

Change State 40 TRIZ Principles

Parameter Changes

SimulationTelephone Banking

Change Density/ConcentrationDegree of Flexibility

35

Change State 40 TRIZ Principles

Phase Transitions

SimulationTelephone Banking

Phenomena during transitions

36

Material Expansion / Contraction

40 TRIZ Principles

Thermal Expansion

Motivation

Differential Expansion

37

Catalysis / Enhance Action40 TRIZ Principles

Strong Oxidation

Case-StudiesBest Practices

Accelerate ActionIonization

38Inertness

Reduce Action40 TRIZ Principles

Inert Atmosphere

Corporate RetreatsBoot campHardening

AuthenticationWelding

Isolation – for FocusProtection

39Oxidation

Uniform to Mixtures40 TRIZ Principles

Composite Materials

SMEMulti Discipline Teams

ConcreteFiber Glass

Bullet Proof Glass

Combinatorial Benefits

40Homogenity

Thanks Again to

•http://Mazur.net/triz •www.Triz-journal.com •Presentation style

– Tom Asacker– Tom Peters

Work in Progress …. To be Continued

Vishwanath Ramdas is …

•Process and Business Consultant •Working in areas like ITSM, Software development, process consulting …

•Based in bangalore [India]•Visit him @

– http://gopu44.googlepages.com