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Waters Quattro II triple quadropole mass

spectrometer (center). This photo was taken in the

old mass spec facility in Whitmore Lab of

Pennsylvania State University.

Triple quadrupole mass spectrometerFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer is a tandem

mass spectrometer consisting of two quadrupole mass

spectrometers in series, with a (non mass-resolving)

radio frequency (RF)-only quadrupole between them to

act as a cell for collision-induced dissociation. The first

(Q1) and third (Q3) quadrupoles serve as mass filters.

Precursor ions selected in Q1 are dissociated in the

collision cell in the presence of an inert gas such as Ar,

He, or N2 collision-induced dissociation. Resulting

fragments are passed through to Q3 where they may be

filtered or scanned. This configuration is often

abbreviated QqQ, here Q1q2Q3.

Contents

1 Structural mass spectrometry

2 History

3 References

4 See also

Structural mass spectrometry

This alignment of two mass filters with a collision quadrupole between them allows to elucidate the structure of

the ionised sample molecules. Four main modes can be performed as follows.[1]

Product ion scan

The first quadrupole Q1 is set to select an ion of a known mass, which is fragmented in q2. The third

quadrupole Q3 is then set to scan the entire m/zrange, giving information on the sizes ofthe fragments

made. The structure of the original ion can be deduced from the ion fragmentation information. This

method is commonly performed to identify transitions used for quantification by tandem MS.

Precursor ion scan

A certain product ion is selected in Q3, and the precursor masses are scanned in Q1. This method is

selective for ions having a particular functional group (e.g., a phenyl group) released by the fragmentation

in q2.

Neutral loss scan

In this method both Q1 and Q3 are scanned together, but with a constant mass offset. This allows the

selective recognition of all ions which, by fragmentation in q2, lead to the loss of a given neutral fragment

(e.g., H2O, NH3). Similar to the precursor ion scan, this method is useful in the selective identification of

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closely-related compounds in a mixture.

Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) / Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)

In this method both Q1 and Q3 are set to a selected mass, allowing only a distinct fragment ion from a

certain precursor ion to be detected. This method results in increased sensitivity. If Q 1 and/or Q3 is set to

more than a single mass, this configuration is called multiple reaction monitoring.[2]

History

The arrangement of three quadrupoles was first developed by Morrison of LaTrobe University, Australia for the

purpose of studying the photodissociation of gas-phase ions.[3] The first triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer

was developed at Michigan State University by Enke and Yost in the late 1970s.[4]

References

1. ^ de Hoffmann, E. (1996), "Tandem mass spectrometry: a Primer", Journal of Mass Spectrometry31 (2): 129,doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199602)31:23.0.CO;2-T

(http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291096-9888%28199602%2931%3A2%3C129%3A%3AAID-

JMS305%3E3.0.CO%3B2-T)

2. ^ Anderson, L.; Hunter, C. L. (2006), "Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Multiple Reaction Monitoring Assays

for Major Plasma Proteins" (http://www.mcponline.org/content/5/4/573.full.pdf+html), Molecular & Cellular

Proteomics5 (4): 573, doi:10.1074/mcp.M500331-MCP200 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1074%2Fmcp.M500331-

MCP200)

3. ^ Morrison, J. D. (1991), "Personal reminiscences of forty years of mass spectrometry in Australia", Organic

Mass Spectrometry26 (4): 183, doi:10.1002/oms.1210260404 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Foms.1210260404)

4. ^ Yost, R. A.; Enke, C. G. (1978), "Selected ion fragmentation with a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer"(http://masspec.scripps.edu/mshistory/timeline/time_pdf/1978_YostRA.pdf), Journal of the American Chemical

Society100 (7): 2274, doi:10.1021/ja00475a072 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1021%2Fja00475a072)

See also

Hybrid mass spectrometer

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