POWER, HEAT AND COOLING

2Wrtsil Power Plants is a leading supplier of power plants for decentralized power generation. We provide flexible, efficient and environmental advanced systems that not only bring our customers superior value, but which also contribute to the worlds energy infrastructure becoming more sustainable.

Our target segments are flexible baseload power, industrial self-generation, grid stability and peaking, decentralized cogeneration, and power solutions for the oil and gas industry. Wrtsil has the ability to fulfil the industrys specific needs through strong local sales and service organisations, superior turnkey project execution, full operations support and a distinctive product offering. We focus on products and services, as well as on businesses and projects that provide unquestionable environmental and economic benefits.

3WRTSIL CHP/DHC CONCEPT++ Extremely efficient utilization of primary fuels++ Decentralized energy production enables individual CHP/DHC solutions

++ Optimized plant size with step-by-step investment thanks to multi-unit design

++ Maximized plant availability in all operating situations

++ Flexible operation for changes in power, heat and chilling demands

++ Electrical output and efficiency are unaffected by the rate of heat production

++ Lower power transmission costs and shorter piping routes

++ On-site maintenance without production downtime

= Low capital and operational costs per output unit. HIGH PROFITABILITY!

DECENTRALIZED ENERGY SYSTEMS OFFER MULTIPLE BENEFITS

ENJOY THE CLIMATE INSIDE AND OUT

Wrtsils ongoing development of

decentralized power plant solutions is based

on demands for alternative energy sources, the

need to shorten transmission distances, and

increasing stipulations for fuel efficiency. With

deregulation and liberalisation of the energy

markets on the increase everywhere, the trend

is towards decentralized systems. Power, heat

and chilling are generated close to consumers,

thus shortening transmission routes via cables

and pipes.

Wrtsil technologies are meeting the needs

of an energy hungry world in a versatile and

environmentally sustainable way. Its Combined

Heat & Power (CHP) and District Heating

& Cooling (DHC) systems are supplied to

utilities, independent power producers (IPP),

industries and municipalities around the globe.

Typical plant sizes are 4-100 MWe and up to

175 MWch/50000 TR chilling in single or multi-

engine configurations.

The combination of high efficiency and low

emission power plants built by Wrtsil is

unequalled on the market. Wrtsil plants

comply with national and local environmental

requirements and with World Bank guidelines

for power plants.

Cogeneration is a closed process in which

rejected heat from engines is made useful,

either as heat or chilling, and taken into

profitable use. Engine driven cogeneration

plants, with their unbeatable electrical

efficiency and high total efficiency throughout

the load range, have very low CO2 emissions

per sellable energy unit.

Wrtsil CHP plants can run on various

grades of natural gas and liquid fuels, while still

maintaining low emissions and high efficiency.

The plants include thermal heat recovery for

hot water, steam, direct-fire, or chilled water

thereby increasing the already high efficiency

of 4345% in terms of net electricity, to a total

plant efficiency of 90% or more.

240340

450600600

750800

400260

Coal fired

steam boiler

Gas turbine

fuel oil sing

le cycle

Gas turbine

natural g

as single cycle

Diesel eng

ine

fuel oil sing

le cycle

Gas en

gine

natural g

as single cycle

Gas en

gine

natural g

as CHP

(steam

)

Gas en

gine

natural g

as CHP

(hot water)

Coal fired

chilling plan

t

Diesel eng

ine

fuel oil DC

AP

CO emissions in g/kWh2

Typical specific CO emission by different power plant types2

Electricity production only

Electricity and heat production

Electricity and chilling production

4CHP plants, where waste heat is used for

heating purposes, have been built since the

end of the 19th century, in Europe as well as

in North America. Similarly, district heating

systems are a well established infrastructure

technology. However, for warmer countries with

a short yearly demand of heat and very high

summer temperatures, chilling generation is

more difficult.

The prime objective with the Wrtsil

concept is to save primary fuel and to use it

as efficiently as possible, for the sake of the

environment and the plants economy.

When generating electric power, a

substantial amount of chilling can be

generated from the exhaust gas and engine

cooling waste energy by applying absorption

chiller technology. Wrtsil has therefore

designed its cogeneration chilling plants in

such a way that the demands for power and

chilling can be met optimally.

AMBIENT INFLUENCESBoth electric power and chilling consumption is

dependent on seasonal and daily fluctuations,

and the cogeneration plant has to follow the

load accordingly.

These variations can be very big, with

ambient temperatures reaching 50C during

summer afternoons, and energy plants must

be designed to operate in such extreme

conditions.

Similarly, there are fluctuations in electrical

power consumption. Today, 70% of the

electricity produced in the Middle East is used

for compressor chiller drives.

WRTSIL COMBINED HEAT, COOLING AND POWER MAKES EVERY DROP COUNT

5PREVAILING TECHNOLOGYThe total efficiency of the prevailing technology serving individual electrically driven air conditioning (AC) units or rooftop AC installations is very poor.

Residential HVACTraditionally, chilling has been generated by compressor technology which shows a high coefficient of performance (COP), meaning the output energy (chilled water) divided by the input energy (electricity). Thus the COP is a unit-free number between 16, depending on the design and the use of prevailing technology. Furthermore, the industry frequently expresses chilling power in tons of refrigeration, TR (1 TR = 3.52 kWch). Depending on ambient temperature, a small residential AC unit will generate 12 kWe/TR.

Condominium HVACFor rooftop installations on bigger buildings, combining a compressor driven chilling plant with a local cooling radiator, are commonly used. Such plants will have a COP of up to 6 and a production factor below 1 kWe/TR. However, all chilling plants are dependent on the ambient air temperature for the cooling radiator. The paradox is that the higher the ambient temperature is, the lower the plant efficiency becomes.

Absorption chillers can recover waste heat from various sources and convert heat energy into chilling without any electric power for the compressor. When steam is used as the driving medium, a COP of 1.3 is achievable, while for hot water the COP is 0.8.

District Cooling SystemsIn some cities a pipe network of district cooling has been established in order to provide blocks and special facilities with chilling. Plants generating district chilling combine free cooling, compressor systems and absorption chillers, utilizing primary fuels.

Electricity

Heating and cooling

MW

MW

Heating

Cooling

Electricity demand

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

ENGINE 1

ENGINE 2

ENGINE 1

ENGINE 2

Purchased electricity

Electrical chiller Peaking boiler

Case: Typical variation curves for a two engine trigeneration plant supplying electricity, heat and chilled water according to the customers needs. Heat from the engines is utilized for heating during the winter period, and as a heat source for chillers during the summer. Thus, the plants heat recovery is efficiently used throughout the entire year.

26C23C 24C 27C 32C 36C 39C 41C 41C 39C 35C 30C

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

8 7 8 9 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 8

0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

RAINFALL (cm)

SUNSHINE (hrs)

6Chilling and trigeneration is cogeneration

taken one step further through the inclusion of

various absorption chiller designs and steam

generation.

The inclusion of chillers starts to pay-off as

soon as there are periods when not all heat

or chilling can be used directly for heating

purposes, or when there is a use for chilled

ONE STEP FURTHER WITH ABSORPTION CHILLERSwater or air instead. Trigeneration is used

for air conditioning, for heating in winter and

cooling in summer. It can also be used for

heating in one area and cooling in another.

The concept is based on the joint need for

heat and chilled water in order to maximize

the total efficiency of the plant. With a Wrtsil

trigeneration power plant you will obtain the

The absorption chillers at the Barajas airport trgeneration plant.

same output with considerably less fuel input

than with separate power and heat generation.

Moreover, a power plant located close to

the consumer has lower electricity distribution

losses and safer distribution due to short

distribution lines, which also increases the total

efficiency of the plant.

7EXAMPLES OF ABSORPTION CHILLER SOLUTIONS

HOT WATER DRIVEN CHILLEREngine type .........................................Wrtsil 20V34SGElectric power ................................................ 8 730 kWeMax hot water or district cooling ...................7 606 kWthMax chilled water or district cooling ...5 062 kWch/1 439 TR

Data is given at 100% load at an ambient temperature of 25C and methane number of 80, p.f.=0.8. According to ISO 3046:1995. Max abs-chiller COP=1.3

DIRECT EXHAUST GAS DRIVEN CHILLEREngine type .........................................Wrtsil 20V34SGElectric power ................................................ 8 730 kWeChilled water or district cooling ....4 713 kWch/1 340 TR

Data is given at 100% load at an ambient temperature of 25C and methane number of 80, p.f.=0.8. According to ISO 3046:1995. Max abs-chiller COP=1.0

EXHAUST GAS AND HOT WATER DRIVEN CHILLEREngine type .........................................Wrtsil 20V34SGElectric power ................................................ 8 730 kWeChilled water or district cooling ...5 892 kWch / 1 675 TR

Data is given at 100% load at an ambient temperature of 25C and methane number of 80, p.f.=0.8. According to ISO 3046:1995. Max absorption chiller COP = 1.0

7 C

12 C

Exhaust gas ~380 C

Chilled water ordistrict cooling

~170 C

2-stageabsorptionchiller

Electricity

Cooling tower

District cooling

Absorption chiller

Electricity

Engine alternatives:Wrtsil 32Wrtsil 34SGWrtsil 34DF

12C 7C

Compressor chiller

Radiator

95C

80C

Absorption chiller

Boiler

Hot water ordistrict heating

12C 7C

Cooling tower

Chilled water ordistrict cooling

Lubricatingoil

Jacketwater

70105C

~80C

70105C

50C

8The Wrtsil DCAP (District Cooling and

Power) system has been developed for

very hot areas where no heat is required,

only power and chilled water for AC. These

systems can be designed for 50000 TR.

Flexibility in trigeneration and DCAP

can be further improved by using cold

water storages, and also by using the

topping-up control capacity offered

by compressor chillers. The running

philosophy and control strategy are

significant factors and should be properly

evaluated.

The optimal solution is always based on the

right design and sizing. The entire chilled water

demand does not need to be covered solely

by absorption chillers. Using electrically driven

chillers and/or chilled water storage tanks to

cover peaks minimizes the total investment

cost of the chiller capacity.

The District Cooling and Power (DCAP)

system has been developed by Wrtsil, not

only as an energy supply plant, but also for

providing complete energy deliveries to newly

developed cities. In such places it is important

to reduce the total amount of fossil energy,

thereby reducing the environmental impact.

The plant can provide both the required

electricity and chilling, even during the hottest

part of the year. The chilling peaks can be

covered by a cold water storage tank, avoiding

additional engines and compressor facilities.

The plant is designed so that all waste heat

available when the engines feed electricity to

the grid, is used for chilling. If the chilled water

cannot be utilized, the plant can run in pure

electricity mode or charge the storage tanks.

The absorption chillers will cover the baseload

demand; when this supply is not big enough

storage tank and compressor chillers will cover

the balance.

WRTSIL DISTRICT COOLING AND POWER IS THE SMARTEST CHILL FOR THE HOTTEST SPOTS

Module for hot water generation

Cooling radiators

Lubrication oil tank

Control room

Transformer

Engine exhaust outletEngine generator set

Exhaust stacks

Exhaust gas boiler

District heating pump

Engine air intake fi lters

Feed and return for district

9

umption10

0%

Electricity 46.4%From the diesel engines & steam turbine44.1% (DG) + 2.3% (STG)

Plant auxillaries 5.3%

Sold electricity 32.8%

Electricity to TC-chillers 8.3%STG 2.3%

Fuel

con

Losses 21.6%

Heat to SE-chillers32%

SE-chillerCOP = 0.7

TC-chillerCOP = 5.0

Sold chilled water = 0.7 kW/TR

Heat 34.3%From the dieselengines

s

DCAP = District Cooling & Power

The Wrtsil DCAP concept aims for an internal effi ciency as low as 0.7 kWe/TR

Effective utilization of the engines waste heat

DCAP REDUCES PRIMARY FUEL USAGE BY TWO THIRDS

The DCAP plant can obtain 0.7 kWe/

TR without, and 0.6 kWe/TR with, a

storage tank. Compared to a conventional

centralized power plant, or electrically

driven compressor chilling plants

installed on rooftops, this represents

primary fuel savings of more than 60%.

10

Fast delivery, stepwise expansion

according to growing demand, high plant

efficiency and true flexibility make Wrtsil

combined heat and power plants a sound

choice in todays cost-conscious power

market. It is the choice that allows you to

focus on the essentials in your own core

business: treating your dwellers, shoppers,

passengers, patients, students and staff to

safe, smoothly operating premises with a

constantly enjoyable, well-controlled climate.

Wrtsils solutions for power, heat and

chilling are easily adaptable to specific

needs and different markets.

PREPARED FOR PERFECTIONSECURE INVESTMENT WITH OVERALL FLEXIBILITYYou can choose to build up the plant gradually

and optimize it during the years to come by

adding more generating sets according to

demand. Fast delivery and stepwise expansion

enable rapid profit generation with smaller

investment risks.

Furthermore, a multi-unit installation

guarantees excellent operational reliability.

Individual generating sets can easily be taken

in and out of operation as load requirements

vary. Single large units cannot achieve the

same level of availability or adapt as flexibly to

the actual demand.

When service or repairs are due, the work

is carried out on-site in non-critical hours, one

unit at a time without expensive transport or

production downtime.

TOUGH AND ROBUSTWrtsil power plants offer unfaltering

performance in challenging conditions.

Whereas stifling heat, dryness and high

altitudes significantly weaken the performance

of a single large unit, Wrtsil engines keep

on running. Gas power plants in particular, are

virtually immune to ageing. The engines will

run at optimum performance from overhaul to

overhaul. With 64,000 actual running hours

before the first major overhaul, Wrtsil gas

engines are tougher than most.

The robust design of the plant also ensures

unrivalled reliability in earthquake-sensitive

areas.

CLEAN, LEAN AND QUIETA Wrtsil power plant situated in the midst of

a densely populated area or on environmentally

vulnerable ground is a considerate and

responsible neighbor: clean, lean and quiet.

Due to the unbeatable electrical efficiency

throughout the load range, the CO2 emissions

are very low. Combined heat and power

solutions minimize emissions and will easily

comply with the most stringent regulations.

In cogeneration and trigeneration, almost no

cooling of the engines is needed as the heat

from the process is taken into profitable use.

Co- and trigeneration are closed processes

with the capability to turn cost into profit.

REFERENCES

11

LINATE AIRPORT, ITALYIn June 2007, Wrtsil and EuroPower SpA handed over a 24 MWe trigeneration power plant at Linate airport, Milan in Italy. The plant has been built for Malpensa Energia Srl, whose shareholders are the Milan airport management company SEA Aeroporti Milano and the Milan multi-utilities company AEM Milano.

The trigeneration power plant is equipped with three Wrtsil 20V34SG gas-fuelled generating sets, together with ancillary equipment, exhaust heat recovery economizers and two gas-fired boilers. The plant is located inside Linate airport.

BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAINIn 2003, AENA, the Spanish Airport Authority, called for bids to supply thermal and electrical energy for the very important Barajas airport in Madrid under a Power Purchase Agreement for a twenty-year period.

The trigeneration plant generates a net electric power of 33 MW and is connected to both the airports internal grid and the public grid. The plant provides electricity on a continuous basis, as well as heating during the winter and cooling during the summer.

Engines: .............................. 6 x Wrtsil 18V32DFTotal electrical output: ......................... 33,600 kWeTotal heat output: ............................... 24,000 kWthTotal absorption cooling output:........... 18,000kWcTotal efficiency: .............................................. 74%

Operating on baseload, the plant is flexible in operation, economically meeting the variations in heat demand in summer and winter for both heating and air conditioning. The heat output of the plant is 81.7 MWth in winter and 74.8 MWth in summer, with a year-round electrical power output of 24 MWe.

Engines ................................3 x Wrtsil 20V34SGTotal electrical output .......................... 24,000 kWeTotal heat output ................................ 17,505 kWthTotal efficiency ............................................ 80.2 %

05.200

9 / Boc

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aasa Graphics

WRTSIL is a registered trademark. Copyright 2009 Wrtsil Corporation.

Wrtsil is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the

marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation

and total efficiency, Wrtsil maximises the environmental and economic

performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers.

In 2008, Wrtsils net sales totalled EUR 4.6 billion with 19,000 employees.

The company has operations in 160 locations in 70 countries around the

world. Wrtsil is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki, Finland.