Classification Names Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) gt Perciformes (Perch-likes) gt Trichiuridae (Cutlassfishes) gt Trichiurinae Etymology Trichiurus Greek thrix = hair + Greek oura = tail (Ref 45335) More on author Linnaeus Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen sp) | ITIS | CoL

Main reference

Nakamura I and NV Parin 1993 (Ref 6181) References | Coordinator Parin Nikolay V | Collaborators

Size Weight Age

Max length 234 cm TL maleunsexed (Ref 26340) common length 1000 cm TL maleunsexed (Ref 26999) max published weight 5000 g (Ref ) max reported age 15 years (Ref 7142)

Length at first maturity

Lm 463 range 30 - 99 cm

Environment

Marine brackish benthopelagic amphidromous (Ref 51243) depth range - 589 m (Ref 58018) usually 100 - 350 m (Ref 35388)

Climate Range

Subtropical 49degN - 54degS 114degW - 180degE (Ref 54931)

Distribution

Circumtropical and temperate waters of the world Trichiurus japonicus which was originally described from Japan as Trichiurus lepturus japonicus was synonymized with Trichiurus lepturus Another nominal species synonymized with Trichiurus lepturus is Trichiurus nitens from the eastern Pacific Ocean (California to Peru) Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total) 3 Dorsal soft rays (total) 130-135 Anal soft rays 100 - 105 Body extremely elongate compressed and tapering to a point Mouth large with a dermal process at the tip of each jaw Dorsal fin relatively high anal fin reduced to minute spinules usually embedded in the skin or slightly breaking through anterior margin of pectoral fin spine not serrated Pelvic and caudal fins absent Lateral line beginning at the upper margin of the gill cover running oblique to behind the tip of the pectoral fins then straight close to the ventral contour Fresh specimens steely blue with silvery reflections becoming uniformly silvery gray sometime after death (Ref 6181)

Generally over muddy bottoms of shallow coastal waters (Ref 9351) Often enter estuaries (Ref 9351) Juveniles feed mostly on euphausiids small pelagic planktonic crustaceans and small fishes adults feed mainly on fishes and occasionally on squids and crustaceans (Ref 6181) Adults and juveniles have opposing complementary vertical diurnal feeding migration Large adults usually feed near the surface during the daytime and migrate to the bottom at night Juveniles and small adults form schools 100 m above the bottom during the daytime and form loose feeding aggregations at night near the surface Pelagic eggs (Ref 35388) and larvae (Ref 6768) Max weight of 15 kg given in Ref 28023 seems too low The current angling world record was caught in Rio de Janeiros Guanabara Bay and weighed 369 kg Commercial fisherman have caught fish of up to 5 kg (Capt Eduardo Baumeier pers Comm 2001) Marketed salted or dried and also frozen (Ref 9351) Excellent taste when fried or grilled also for sashimi when fresh

Human uses

Fisheries highly commercial gamefish yes FAO(fisheries production) | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us |

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Largehead hairtail Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus 1758

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Trichiurus lepturus

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Biology Glossary (eg epibenthic) Search

IUCN Red List Status (Ref 90363) Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

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Estimation of some characteristics with mathematical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref 82805) PD

50 = 05020 many relatives (eg carps) 05 - 20 few relatives (eg lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref 69278) 45 se 08 Based on diet studies

Resilience (Ref 69278) Medium minimum population doubling time 14 - 44 years (K=025-029 tm=2 tmax=15)

Modified by Ortantildeez Auda Kareen

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Vulnerability (Ref 59153) High vulnerability (57 of 100)

Price category (Ref 80766) High

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