trends in welding research : proceedings of the 9th ... welding research ... june4-8,2012 hilton...

Trends in Welding Research

Proceedings of the

International Conference on Trends in Welding Research

June 4-8, 2012

Hilton Chicago/Indian Lakes Resort

Chicago, Illinois, USA

Editors

Tarasankar DebRoyStan A. David

John N. DuPont

Toshihiko Koseki

Harry K. Bhadeshia

Sponsored by

Published byASM International®

Materials Park, Ohio 44073-0002

www.asminternational.org

Vm/ ®

The MaterialsInformation Society

Contents

Organizing Committee iii

Preface iv

Steel Microstructure I

Improvement of Microstructure Stability during Creep in

High Cr Ferritic Heat Resistant Steel HAZ 1

S. Tsukamoto, Y. Liu, T. Shirane, M. Tabuchi, and F. Abe

National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Use of Segregation as a Weld Design Opportunity 11E.A. Pfei, C. Howard, S.Tate, S. Liu, B. Mishra, and D.L. Olson

Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA

Investigation of HAZ Softening in Laser Welding of

AHS/High Hardness Steels 19

Brian Hanhold1, Sudarsanam Suresh Babu1, Gary Cola2, Stan Ream3,Brad Nagy3, and Brian Victor3

(1) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA

(2) SFP Works LLC, Washington, Ml USA

(3) Edison Welding Institute, Columbus, OH USA

Investigation of Precipitate Evolution in Multi-pass Cr-Mo Steel Welds:

Prediction of Alloying Element Recovery 26

Soumya Mohan1, S.S. Babu1, B. Narayanan2, and B. Schaeffer2(1) Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

(2) Lincoln Electric Company Cleveland, OH, USA

Understanding the Role of Initial Microstructure on

Intercritically Reheated Heat-Affected Zone Microstructures and

Properties of Microalloyed Steels 34

T. Lolla1, S.S. Babu1, S. Lalam2, and M. Manohar2

(1) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

(2) ArcelorMittal Global R&D, East Chicago, IN, USA

Ferrite Formation Behavior from Non-Metallic Compounds in Steels 43

Changjoon Lee, Shoichi Nambu, Junya Inoue, and Toshihiko KosekiThe University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Residual Stress I

Residual Stresses in Multi-Layer Component Welds 48

Michael Rhode, Arne Kromm, and Thomas KannengiesserBAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany

V

Sensing and Control I

High Power Laser Characterization Using Beam Diagnostics 55

J.J. Blecher, T.A. Palmer, and S.M. KellyThe Applied Research Lab, University Park, PA, USA

Online Monitoring the Quality of AC Resistance Spot Welding UsingElectrode Vibration Signals 60

Xianfeng Wang1 and Yongbing Li2,

(1) CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou, People's Republic of China

(2) Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Low-Cost Wireless Force Sensor Design with

Applications in Friction Stir Welding 70

Brian T. Gibson, Chase D. Cox, Jason R. Aguilar,Alvin M. Strauss, and George E. Cook

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA

Vision-Based Weld Pool Surface Geometry Measurement System for

Pulsed-GMAW Process 76

XiaoJi Ma, YuKang Liu, YuMing Zhang

University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

Welding of Al and Mg I

Laser Welding of Rheocast Semi-Solid Metal (SSM) Processed

Wrought Aluminium Alloy 7017 87

Madeleine du Toit1, Patronica Letsoalo1, and Hein Moller2

(1) University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

(2) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, South Africa

Influence of Aluminum Content on Grain Refinement and

Strength of AZ31 Magnesium GTA Weld Metal 91

N. Kishore Babu1 and C.E. Cross2

(1) Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore(2) Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

Influence of Alloy and Solidification Parameters on Grain Refinement in

Aluminum Weld Metal Due to Inoculation 98

P. Schempp1, A. Pittner1, M. Rethmeier1, Z. Tang2, T. Seefeld2, and C.E. Cross3

(1) BAM - Federal Institute for Materials Research, Berlin, Germany(2) BIAS - Bremer Institut fur Strahltechnik, Bremen, Germany(3) Los Alamos National Laboratories, Los Alamos, NM, USA

Exceptional Grain Refinement in Directly Built Up Sc-Modified AIMg-Alloys is

Promising a Quantum Leap in Ultimate Light Weight Design 108Frank Palm and Katja Schmidtke

EADS Innovation Works, Ottobrunn, Germany

vi

Analysis of Heat Affected Zone in AH239 and

AI2198 Laser Welds Using Inverse ModelingAD. Zervaki1, G.N. Haidemenopoulos1, and S.G. Lambrakos2

(1) University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece,

(2) Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA

Homogeneous Welding of the 6061 Aluminum Alloy Using MIG CMT

A. Benoit1, T. Baudin1, P. Paillard2, J.-B. Mottin3

(1) CNRS, Laboratoire De Physico-Chimie De L'etat Solide, Orsay, France

(2) Universite De Nantes CNRS, Nantes, France

(3) SNECMA - Usine De Chatellerault, Chatellerault, France

Characterization of Fusion Behavior duringVariable Polarity AC Welding of Aluminum

M. Yarmuch1, J. Pepin1, A.C. Bicknell2, and B.M. Patchett2

(1) Alberta Innovates, Devon, Alberta, Canada

(2) University ofAlberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Monday PM Keynote Session

Strategies for the Minimisation of Residual Stresses in Welds

Philip J. Withers, School of Materials, Manchester, UK

Sensing, Control, and Modeling II

Automated Spot Weld Inspection Using Infrared ThermographyJian Chen, Wei Zhang, Zhenzhen Yu, and Zhili FengOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

Residual Stress II

Refining Welding Modelling for Prediction of

Distortion Incorporating Mechanical Effects of AnnealingAritz Mendizabal, Maria San Sebastian, and Alberto Echeverria

IK4 Lortek, Ordizia, Gipuzkoa, Spain

Prediction of Welding Distortions in a Complex Structure UsingFinite Element Modelling: Experimental Validation

Aritz Mendizabal, Maria San Sebastian, and Alberto Echeverria

IK4 Lortek, Ordizia, Gipuzkoa, Spain

Fundamental Study of Buckling Behavior in

Thin Plate Butt Welding by the Inherent Deformation Method....

Jiangchao Wangand Hidekazu Murakawa

Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

vii

Advances in the Measurement and Assessment of

Residual Stresses in Complex Welded ComponentsDavid J. Smith, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

X-ray Residual Stress Measurements Correlated with

Weld Microstructure Characteristics

Masahito Mochizuki, Tadafumi Hashimoto, and Shigetaka Okano

Osaka University, Japan

Steel Microstructure II

Fractographic Investigation of Cleavage Initiation in

Steel Friction Stir Welds 193

D. P. Fairchild1, A.J. Wasson1, A. Kumar1, M.L. Macia1, T.D. Anderson1,H.W. Jin2, R. Ayer2, N. Ma2, and A. Ozekcin2

(1) ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company, Houston, TX, USA

(2) ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, Annandale, NJ, USA

Changes in Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Steel Due to

Post-Welded Microstructure and Loading Geometry 201

E. Biro1, S.S. Nayak2, and Y. Zhou2

(1) ArcelorMittal Global Research Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

(2) University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Study on Weldability of High Strength Steel for Structural Applications 208

R. Mazzina1, G. Gomez1, M. Solano2, T. Perez1, and E. Lopez1(1) TenarisSiderca, Campana, Buenos Aires, Argentina

(2) TenarisDalmine, Dalmine, Italy

Phosphorous and Boron Segregation duringResistance Spot Welding of Advanced High Strength Steels 217

M. Amirthalingam1, E.M. van derAa2, N. den Uijl2, M.J.M. Hermans3, and I.M. Richardson3

(1) Materials innovation institute (M2i), Delft, The Netherlands.

(2) Tata Steel Research, Development and Technology, IJmuiden, The Netherlands.

(3) Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

A Comparision of Interface Characteristics and

Mechanical Properties of Aluminium-Steel Joints Made byPulsed-MIG and Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Processes 227

G. Padmanabham1, Y. Krishna Priya1, K.V. Phani Prabhakar1,Ravi N. Bathe1, and K. Bhanu Sankara Rao2

(1) International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy & New Materials,Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

(2) University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

Temperbead Repair of T91 Using EPRI P87 Filler Metal 235John A. Siefert and John P. ShingledeckerElectric Power Research Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA

viii

Solidification

Solidification Mechanism of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metals with

Primary Ferrite Solidification 242

Hiroshige Inoue1 and Toshihiko Koseki2

(1) Nippon Steel Corporation, Futtsu-city, Chiba, Japan(2) The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Tuesday AM Keynote Session

Generalization and Communication of Welding Simulations and

Experiments Using Scaling Analysis 249

Patricio F. Mender', Karem E. Tello2, and Satya S. Gajapathi3(1) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

(2) Colorado School ofMines, Golden, CO, USA

(3) Ulterra, Nisku, Alberta, Canada

Consumable

Challenges to Develop an Underwater Wet Welding Electrode for

"Class A Welds" Classification, as Required in the AWS D3.6 Code 259

Ezequiel Caires Pereira Pessoa1, Alexandre Queiroz Bracarense2,Valter Rocha dos Santos3, Mauricio de Jesus Monteiro3, Leonardo Augusto Vieira4,and Ricardo Reppold Marinho5

(1) Instituto Federal de Educagao, Ciencia e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais, Betim, M.G., Brazil

(2) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil

(3) PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, R.J. Brazil

(4) ESAB Ind. e Com Ltda., Belo Horizonte, M.G., Brazil

(5) Petrobras/CENPES, Rio de Janeiro, M.G., Brazil

Welding Consumables, Characterization and Usage of

Metal Arc Welding - Under Oil (MAW-UO) 268

Hamad Almostaneer1, Stephen Liu2, and David L. Olson2

(1) Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia

(2) Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA

FSW I - Steel

Effect of Welding Parameters on Properties of

Friction Stir Welded High Nitrogen Steel 280

Yutaka S. Sato, Kei Nakamura, and Hiroyuki KokawaTohoku University, Sendai, Japan

ix

A Comparison between Single Sided and

Double Sided Friction Stir Welded 8 mm Thick DH36 Steel Plate 284

A/A McPherson1, A.M. Galloway2, S.R. Cater3, and M.M. Osman4

(1) BAE Systems Marine - Naval Ships, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

(2) Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK

(3) TWI Technology Centre, Yorkshire, UK

(4) Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt

A Comparison between Single Sided Friction Stir Welded and

Submerged Arc Welded DH36 Steel Thin Plate 291

N.A. McPherson1, A.M. Galloway2, J. Wood2, S.R.Cater3

(1) BAE Systems Naval Ships, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

(2) University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

(3) TVJI Technology Centre, Yorkshire, UK

Microstructural Simulation of Friction Stir Welding in

UNS S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel 297

E.B. Fonseca1, T.F.A. Santos1, S.T. Button2, and A.J. Ramirez1

(1) Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory - LNNano, Campinas-SP, Brazil

(2) University of Campinas - Unicamp, Campinas-SP, Brazil

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of

Friction Stir Welded 17-4 Martensitic Stainless Steel 302

Bharat K. Jasthi, Timothy Johnson, Todd Curtis, Eric East,

Md Shamsujjoha, and Christian Widener

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA

Cavitation Erosion Resistance Improvement of a

Multipass Friction Stir Processed UNS S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel 307

E. Velasquez1, E. Hoyos1, T.F.A. Santos2, A.J. Ramirez2, D.M. Lopez1(1) Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Colombia

(2) Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

(3) University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Microstructure I

Microstructural Heterogeneities in Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welds 316

Shona R. McLaughlin and Christopher J. BayleyDefence R&D Canada - Atlantic, Dockyard Laboratory Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada

Hot Cracking Susceptibility of Commercial Alloy 52 Filler Metals in

Multipass Welding of Alloy 690 322

Kazuyoshi Saida, Kosuke Bunda, Hiroyuki Ogiwara, and Kazutoshi NishimotoOsaka University, Osaka, Japan

Weldability and Liquation Cracking Characteristics on |Resistance-Spot-Welded High-Mn Austenitic Steel 330

Dulal Chandra Saha and Yeong-Do Park

Dong-Eui University, Busan, South Korea

X

Influence of Welding in Operational Conditions on the

Partial Mixed Zone Formation in Ni-Based Dissimilar Weld Overlay 336

C.C. Silva1, H.C. de Miranda1, M.F. Motta1, J.P. Farias1, and W.M. Aguiar2(1) Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

(2) Instituto Federal de Educagao, Ciencia e Tecnologia, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

Chemistry and Crystallographic Evaluation of

Ni-based Alloy and Steel Dissimilar Interface 344

C.C. Silva, H.C. Miranda, J.P. Farias, and H.F.G. de Abreu

Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

Tuesday Attendee Lunch Keynote Session

Pyrometallurgical Studies of Molten Metal Droplets for the

Characterization of Gas Metal Arc Welding 353

Stephen Liu, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA

Tuesday PM Keynote Session

Cold Cracking Susceptibility of Steel Welds and the

Development of a Preheat-Free 980MPa Grade Welding Wire 362

Tadashi Kasuya, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

Microstructure II

Color Metallography for Microstructural Characterization of

Welded Regions in a TRIP 800 Steel 370

G.Y. Perez-Medina1, H.F. Lopez2, P. Zambrano3, F.A. Reyes-Valdes1(1) Corporacion Mexicana de Investigacion en Materiales, Saltillo, Coah. Mexico

(2) University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee Wl, USA

(3) Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon. San Nicolas de los Garza Nuevo Leon. Mexico

Creep and Damage Investigation of Improved 9%Cr Steel Welded Joints 376

C. Schlacher1, C. Sommitsch1, P. Mayr2, C. Gupta3, H. Toda3, K. Usegi4, and Y. Suzuki4

(1) Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria

(2) Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany(3) Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan

(4) Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan

FSW II - Steel

Effect of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on Microstructure and

Mechanical Properties of Al 5059 382

H. Izadi1, A. Nolting2, C. Munro2, and A. P. Gerlich3

(1) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

(2) Defence R&D Canada - Atlantic, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada

(3) University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Microstructure-Fracture Toughness Studies in

Friction Stir Processed API X80 Pipeline Steel 387

Majid Abbasi, Tracy W. Nelson, and Allan Tribe

Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

Microstructural Characterization of

Underwater Friction Stir Weided API X80 Steel 392

Maysa Terada1, Tarcila Sugahara1, Victor F. Pereira1, Antonio J. Ramirez1,Ricardo R. Marinho2, Marcelo TP. Paes2

(1) Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas-SP, Brazil

(2) Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Effect of Rotation Speed on Microstructure Evolution duringUnderwater Friction Stir Processing Al-Cu Alloys 397

X.L. Feng1, H.J. Liu1, S.S. Babu2, A. Chaudhary3, andM. Keller3

(1) Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China


(3) Applied Optimization, Dayton, OH, USA

Residual Stress IV

Process Optimization to Control Welding Distortion of

Aluminum Alloy Train Roof by High Efficiency Numerical Simulation 401

Yanjun Sun1, Qingyu Shi1, Kai Sun1, Gaoqiang Chen1, and Lichun Meng2(1) Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

(2) CSR Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock. Co. Lt, Qingdao, China

Integration of Weld Pool Dynamics in the Numerical Investigation of

Residual Stresses in a Gas Tungsten Arc Welded Joint 408

Debamoy Sen, Kenneth S. Ball, and Mark A. Pierson

Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

An Improved Plasticity-Based Distortion Analysis Method for

Large Welded Structures 418

Yu-Ping Yang1 and Badrinarayan P. Athreya2(1) EWI, Columbus, OH, USA

(2) Caterpillar Inc., Peoria, IL, USA

The Effects of Waveform in Residual Stress Relief by Vibration Technique ,.427Jia-Siang Wang, Che-Wei Kuo, Chih-Chun Hsieh, Hsin-Chih Liao, and Weite WuNational Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan

Welding Process and Consumable I

Assessment of Conventional and Controlled Short-Circuit GMAW Processes for

Steel-Pipe Welding in Single Pass 432Thonson F. Costa and Louriel O. VilarinhoFederal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG, Brazil

xii

Effect of Waveform and Shielding Gas on Melting Rate and Bead Geometry for

GMAW-VP and Correlation to Kinematics of Metal Transfer 438Louriel O. Vilarinho1 and Alexandre S. Nascimento2

(1) Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG, Brazil

(2) Federal University of Para, Belem-PA, Brazil

Experimental Analysis of Droplet-Gas Interaction during GMAW Process 448

Julien Chapuis1, Edward Romero2, Fabien Soulie2, and Cyril Bordreuil2

(1) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

(2) Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France

A Potential Solution to GMAW Gas Flow Optimisation 453S.W. Campbell1, A.M. Galloway1, G.M. Ramsey1, and N.A. McPherson2

(1) University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

(2) BAE Systems Marine - Naval Ships, Glasgow, Scotland, UK

Fracture Assessment

Toward Understanding of Mechanical Property Degradation of

Steel Welds in High-Pressure Hydrogen Transmission Pipeline -Role of Microstructure 461

H.Y. Song1, W. Zhang2, S.S. Babu1, andZ. Feng2(1) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

(2) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

Constraint-Based Assessment of Fracture - Application of ISO 27306 to

Beam-to-Column Welded Joints 469

Fumiyoshi Minami1, Mitsuru Ohata1, and Yasutake Chiba2

(1) Osaka University, Osaka, Japan(2) Chubu Steel Plate Co. Ltd, Nagoya, Japan

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Crack Driving Force in

Simulated Weld Residual Stress Fields 479

Dave Dewees1, David A. Osage1, Phillip E. Prueter1, and Robert H. Dodds Jr.2

(1) The Equity Engineering Group, Inc., Shaker Heights, OH, USA

(2) The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA

J and CTOD Estimation Procedures for Welded Fracture SpecimensIncluding Effects of Weld Strength Overmatch

,489

Claudio Ruggieri, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Phase Transformation I

Thermo-Metallurgical Simulation of Laser Welding Nd: YAG throughBi-Phase Model Applied for Dual Phase Steels 497

C. Seang, A.K. David, and E. Ragneau

XIU

In-Situ Neutron Diffraction Study of Non-Equilibrium Phase Transformation in

Advanced High-Strength Steels 506

Zhenzhen Yu, Zhili Feng, Ke An, Wei Zhang, Eliot D. Specht, Jian Chen,Xun-Li Wang, and Stan David

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

Measurement of Steel Phase Transformation Kinetics by Dilatometry and

In-Situ Neutron Diffraction - A Comparative Study 510Zhenzhen Yu, Zhili Feng, Ke An, Wei Zhang, Eliot D. Specht, Jian Chen,Xun-Li Wang, and Stan David


Effect of Pre-Welding Tempering on Creep Properties of

Grade 91 Steels Weldments 514

Xinghua Yu1, Sudarsanam Suresh Babu1, Mike Santella2, and Yukinori Yamamoto2

(1) Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA


Welding Process and Consumable II

Using Polarity-Specific Heat Input to Evaluate the Effects of

AC Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Waveform Variables on

Deposition Rates and Weld Bead Profiles 520

J. Pepin1, M. Yarmuch1, G. Casey1, H. Henein2, D.G. Ivey2, and C. Penniston3

(1) Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures, Devon, Alberta, Canada

(2) University ofAlberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

(3) TransCanada Corporation, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Characterization of Explosive Weld Interface UsingAdvanced Analytical Techniques: Microstructural Changes and

Effects after Stress Relief 530

Stephen Liu1, John Banker2, and Curtis Prothe2

(1) Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA

(2) Dynamic Materials Corporation, Boulder, CO, USA

Joining of Dissimilar Materials Using the Electromagnetic Pulse Technology 537Koen Faes1, Oleg Zaitov1, and W. De Waele2

(1) Belgian Welding Institute, Gent, Belgium(2) Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

Development of Resistance Spot Welding Applying Pulsed High Current for

High Strength Steel Sheet 544Koichi Taniguchi, Rinsei Ikeda, and Kenji OiJFE Steel Corporation, Chiba, Japan

xiv

FSW III — AI

Material Characterisation of Friction Stir Processed 6082-T6 Aluminium Alloy 548

Esther T. Akinlabi and Stephen A. Akinlabi

University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

Effect of Thermomechanical Processing on Abnormal Grain Growth in

AI-2195 Friction Stir Welds 553

Brahmanandam Kaligotla, Bharat K. Jasthi, William J. Arbegast, and Stanley M. Howard


Determining Optimum Friction Stir Weld Variables to

Inhibit Abnormal Grain Growth in AI-2195 558

Brahmanandam Kaligotla, Srikanth Labhala, Bharat K. Jasthi,William J. Arbegast, and Stanley M. Howard


Wednesday PM Keynote Session

Probing Load Bearing Capacity of Circular and

Non-Circular Tool Pins in Friction Stir Welding 563

M. Mehta1, A. De1, and T. DebRoy2(1) IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India

(2) The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

FSW IV-Al

Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Spot Welded

Dissimilar AA5754-to-AZ31B Alloys 572

X. Cao, C. Gamier, and P. WanjaraNational Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Fatigue Behavior of Swept Spot Friction Welds in

Lap-Shear Specimens of Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum Sheets 580

Zheng-Ming Su1, Ru-Yi He1, Pai-Chen Lin1, Kent Dong2, Tony Tang2,Bob Huang2, and Yung-Chuan Chiou3

(1) National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan

(2) Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation, Taichung, Taiwan

(3) National Chiayi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan

Friction Stir Welding of Die Cast Aluminum - Impact of Production Deviations 589

Andreas Roth and Michael F. Zaeh

Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany

XV

Comparison of Tungsten Inert Gas and Friction Stir Welding of

AA 5083- H321 Aluminum Alloy Plates 598

K. Subbaiah1, M. Geetha2, N. Sridhar3, and S.R. Koteswara Rao4

(1) SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India

(2) VIT University, Vellore, India

(3) Defence Research and Development Laboratory, Hyderabad, India

(4) Tagore Engineering College, Chennai, India

CFD Modeling of Dissimilar Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welds 604

H.S. Idagawa, E.A. Torres, and A.J. Ramirez

Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory - LNNano, Campinas-SP, Brazil

Weldability I - Cracking

Direct Observation of SR Crack Initiation by

Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy 611

Yu-lchi Komizo1, Hidenori Terasaki1, Kenji Kubo2, Mikihiro Sakata2,and Ken Yamashita2

(1) Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

(2) Kobe Steel, Ltd., Fujisawa, Japan

Susceptibility to Solidification Cracking in

High Chromium Nickel-Base Filler Metals for

Nuclear Power Applications 614

Boian T. Alexandrov1, Adam T. Hope1, Benjamin J. Sutton1,John C. Lippold1, Jeffrey W. Sowards2, and Steven L. McCracken3


(2) NIST, Boulder, CO, USA

(3) EPRI, Charlotte, NC, USA

Welding Process and Consumable II

A Comparative Study of the Non-Metallic Inclusions in

C-Mn Steel Weld Metals Containing Titanium or Aluminium 623

Alan G. Fox1 and Glyn M. Evans2

(1) Asian University, Chon Burl, Thailand

(2) Consultant, West Kirby, Merseyside, UK

Spot Welding

Ultrasonic Spot Welding of 301 Stainless Steel to Aluminum 6061-T6 631

Brahmanandam Kaligotla, Bharat K. Jasthi, Christian A. Widener, and Stanley M. Howard


Mathematical Modeling of Laser Micro-Welding for Photovoltaic Devices 635A. Raghavan, T.A. Palmer, and T. DebRoyThe Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

xvi

Resistance Spot Welding of Dual-Phase Steels:

Heat Affected Zone Softening and Tensile Properties 641

S.S. Nayak1, Y. Zhou1, V.H. Baltazar Hernandez2, and E. Biro3

(1) University of Waterloo,Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

(2) Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico

(3) ArcelorMittal Global Research, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Influence of Imperfections on the Fatigue Performance of

Resistance Spot Welded Joints 650

Stephan Brauser1, Moritz Oliver Gebhardf, and Michael Rethmeier1

(1) Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology, Berlin, Germany(2) BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany

A Novel Method Using Electromagnetic Stirring to ImproveResistance Spot Weld Quality of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) 661

Qi Shen, YongBing Li, and GuanLong Chen

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China

Spot Welding Effects in Multi-Material Combinations 670

M. Shome and K.S. Arora

Tata Steel, Jamshedpur, India

Weldability Evaluation and Nugget Formation Mechanism in

Three Sheets Spot Welding of High Strength Steels 680

Nazmul Huda and Yeong-Do Park

Dong Eui University, Busan, South Korea

Thursday AM Keynote Session

Visualizations and Predictions of Welding Arcs 685

M. Tanaka, S. Tashiro, and Y. TsujimuraOsaka University, Osaka, Japan

FSW VI - Dissimilar Metals

Aluminum to Copper Lap Joining Using Friction Stir Welding 689

DM Rodrigues1, I. Galvao1, D. Gesto2, and D. Verdera2

(1) DEMUC, Coimbra, Portugal(2) AIMEN, Porrino, Spain

Effects of Process Parameters on the Evolving Properties of

Dissimilar Aluminium-Copper Friction Stir Welds 695

Esther T. Akinlabi and Stephen A. Akinlabi

University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa

xvii

Relationship between FSW Parameters and

Intermetallic Compounds Formation in

Dissimilar Aluminum-Steel Butt Joints ...700

E.A. Torres and A.J. Ramirez

Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas-SP, Brazil

Other Experimental and Modeling I

Overcoming Physical Limits for High Speed GMAW on Thin Sheets 709

J.-P. Planckaert, AirLiquide CTAS, Saint Ouen I'Aumone, France

Determination of Thermal Contact Conductance of Metal Tabs for

Battery Ultrasonic Welding Process 717

Jian Chen1, Wei Zhang1, Zhenzhen Yu\ ZhiliFeng1, and Wayne Cai2


(2) General Motors R&D, Warren, Ml, USA

Experimental and Computational Feasibility Study of a

Non-Contact Temperature Measurement Method for TIG Welding 722

Debamoy Sen, William N. Pollard, Kenneth S. Ball, and Mark A. Pierson

Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA

General Aspects of a Methodology for Inverse Thermal Analysis of

Drop-by-Drop Liquid-Metal Deposition 728

K.P. Cooper1, A. Shabaev2, and S.G. Lambrakos1


(2) George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA

Prediction of the Thermal Cycles in Dry Hyperbaric GMA Welding UsingPartial Differential Heat Transfer Equations 738

Amin S. Azar1, Odd M. Akselsen1, and Hans Fostervoll2

(1) NTNU, Trondheim, Norway(2) SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim, Norway

Modeling of Moving Heat Sources UsingMeshless Element Free Galerkin Method 746

X.-T. Pham1, G. Pradinc1, X. Cao2, and J.-L. Fihey1(1) Ecole de technologie superieure, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

(2) National Research Council Canada Aerospace, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Weldability If

Linear Friction Welding of High Strength Chains 752

Kemal Mucic1, Norbert Enzinger1, and Franz Fuchs2


(2) pewag austria GmbH, Kapfenberg, Austria

xviii

Surface Modification of Very High Power

Ultrasonic Additive Manufactured (VHP UAM)Aluminum and Copper Structures 757

AG. Truog, R.M. Sriraman, and S.S. Babu

The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

Effect of Nitriding on the Frictional Wear Properties of

AISI 304L Surfaced with lnconel-625 Using SMAW Process 763

Sandeep S. Sandhu1 and A.S. Shahi2

(1) Quest Infosys Foundation, Mohali, Punjab, India

(2) Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab, India

Theoretical Assessment of Dissimilar Metal Joint of

Titanium to Stainless Steel 770

Wei Zhang and Roger G. Miller


Welding Process and Consumable IV

Diffusion Welding of Compact Heat Exchangers for Nuclear Applications 775Denis E. Clark, Ronald E. Mizia, Michael V. Glazoff, and Michael W. Patterson

Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, USA

Progress in High Performance Hardfacing Processes

Tandem-Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding and Plasma-MIG Hybrid Welding 784S. Neyka, M. Kusch, and P. MayrChemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany

Effect of Magnetic Stirring on Nickel Alloy Weld Microstructure and

Micro-Fissure Response 791

Xinghua Yu1, Ryan Smith1, Yong-Chae Lim1, Dave F. Farson1, S.S. Babu1,John C. Lippold1, and Steve. L. McCracken2


(2) EPRl, Welding and Repair Technology Center, Charlotte, NC, USA

Properties and Structural Integrity I - Fatigue

Weld Procedures and Demands for Improved Fatigue Strength of

Single Load Carrying Fillet Welds 798

Erik A. Astrand, Volvo Construction Equipment, Braas, Sweden

Welding Process and Consumable V - Brazing

Interfacial Microstructure and Properties of Diode Laser Brazed

AZ31B Magnesium to Steel Joints Using AI-12Si and Ni Interlayers 805A.M. Nasiri1, M.Y. Lee2, D.C. Weckman1, and Y. Zhou1

(1) University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

(2) Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), Pohang, South Korea

xix

Brazeability of UNS 32101 and UNS S32304 Lean Duplex Stainless Steels 814

Dany Michel Andrade Centeno1, Clovis Carvalho Jr.2, and Sergio Duarte Brandi1

(1) Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

(2) BTM Brasagem e Tratamento em Metais Ltda. Sao Paulo, Brazil

FSW VII - Various Materials

Characterization of Friction Stir Welded Multilayered Steel 823

J. Taendl1, N. Enzinger1, S. Nambu2, J. Inoue2, and T. KosekF


(2) The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Three-Dimensional Friction Stir Welding of Inconel 718 Using the

ESAB Rosio FSW-Robot829

Jeroen De Backer1 and Mikael Soron2

(1) University West, Trollhattan, Sweden

(2) ESAB AB, Laxa, Sweden

Systems Modelling of the Internal Process Variables for

Friction Stir Welding Using Genetic Multi-Objective

Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems 834

Qian Zhang1, Mahdi Mahfouf, George Panoutsos1, Kathryn Beamish2,and Ian Norris2

(1) University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

(2) TWILtd, Great Abington, Cambridge, UK

Issues Concerning Small Additions of Ni to Ti Friction Stir Welds 842

R.K. Everett1, J.N. Wolk2, A. Shabaev3, and S.G. Lambrakos1


(2) Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock, MD, USA

(3) George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA

Friction Stir Welding of Metal Matrix Composites:Predictive Process Modeling 848

Trade Prater, George E. Cook, Alvin Strauss, Brian Gibson, and Chase Cox


Other Experimental and Modeling II

Modeling of Metal Deposition 853

Magnus Soderberg, Andreas Lundback, and Lars-Erik LindgrenLulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden

Modelling of the Electron Beam Welding of a

Titanium Aeroengine Compressor Disc 859

Richard Turner, Jean-Christophe Gebelin, Mark Ward, Jianglin Huang, and Roger C. Reed

University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

xx

The Effect of Hydrogen on Porosity Formation duringElectron Beam Welding of Titanium Alloys 868

Jianglin Huang, Richard Turner, Jean-Christophe Gebelin, Nils Warnken,Martin Strangwood, and Roger C. Reed

University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

Magnetic Field Models for High Intensity Arcs, Applied to

Welding - A Comparison between Three Different Formulations 876

Isabelle Choquet1, Alireza Javidi Shirvan1, and Hakan Nilsson2

(1) University West, Trollhattan, Sweden

(2) Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

Linear Friction Welding of Titanium Alloys for Aeroengine Applications:

Modelling and Validation 886

F. Schroeder1, R.M. Ward1, R.P. Turner1, M.M. Attallah1, J.-C. Gebelin1, R.C. Reed1,andA.R. Walpole2(1) University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK

(2) Rolls-Royce pic, Derby, Derbyshire, UK

The Effect of Buoyancy Induced Force on Geometry of

Fusion Zone in GTA Welding 893

Alireza Bahrami and Daryush K. Aidun

Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA

Transport

Surface Tension Effects on Fluid Flow in

Laser Beam Welding of Cerium Metal 899

Erik M. Lord, Stephen Liu, and David L. Olson

Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA

3D Finite Element Simulation of TIG Weld Pool with Free Surface 910

X. Kong1, O. Asserin1, S. Gounand1, P. Gilles2, J.M. Bergheau3, and M. Medale4

(1) CEA, DEN, DANS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

(2) AREVA NP, Paris La Defense, France

(3) LTDS, Ecole Nationale d'lngenieurs de Saint-Etienne, France

(4) Ecole Polytechnique Universitaire de Marseille, Marseille, France

Modeling of Transport Phenomena in Dissimilar Welding of

2205 Duplex Stainless Steel to 1018 Carbon Steel 916

Alireza Bahrami, and Daryush K. Aidun

Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA

FSW VIII - Process and Modeling

Numerical Study of Factors for Generating Inherent Strain in

Friction Stir Welding 922

H. Serizawa, H. Murakawa, and J. Shimazaki

Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

XXI

Simulation of Material Flow during Friction Stir Welding Based on the

Model of Interactive Force between Tool and Material

G.Q. Chen1, Q.Y. Shi1, Y. Fujiya2, and T. Hone2

(1) Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

(2) Mitsubishi Heavy Industry, Ltd., Hyogo, Japan

Friction Stir Welding Across Joining Direction

M. Govindaraju1, K. Balasubramanian1, K. Prasad Rao2, and Uday Chakkingal2(1) Non Ferrous Materials Technology Development Centre (NFTDC), Hyderabad, India

(2) IIT Madras, Chennai, India

The Application of a Rotating Anvil in Friction Stir Spot Welding:A Numerical and Experimental Study

Chase D. Cox, Brian T. Gibson, Alvin M. Strauss, and George E. Cook


Other Experimental and Modeling III

Proposition of Methodology for Accreditation of

Destructive Tools of Column Parts Used in Oil WellsLouriel O. Vilarinho1, Adalto Alves Costa Filho1, and Rafael S. Moraes1,Joao Carlos R. Placido2, and Marcelo Ehlers2(1) Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil

(2) Petrobras SA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Collapse Predictions of a Weld Repaired CylinderChristopher Bayley1, John Goldak2, and Stanislav Tchernov2

(1) Defence R&D Canada - Atlantic, Victoria, BC, Canada

(2) Goldak Technology Incorporated, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Measurement and Simulation of Titanium Alloy Deposit Temperature inElectron Beam Additive Manufacturing

R. Bruce Madigan1, Sean F. Riley2, Mark J. Cola2, Vivek R. Dave2, andJohn E. Talkington2(1) Montana Tech of The University of Montana, Butte, MT, USA(2) B6 Sigma, Inc., Santa Fe, NM, USA

Microstructure Evolution duringLaser Additive Manufacturing of Ti6AI4V Alloy

K. Makiewicz1, S.S. Babu1, M. Keller2, and A. Chaudhary2(1) The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA(2) Applied Optimization Inc., Dayton, OH, USA

In-situ Reaction Processing Using Friction Stir ProcessingBharat K. Jasthi1, Glenn J. Grant2, and Stanley M. Howard1(1) South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA(2) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA

Mathematical Modeling of the Heat and Mass Transport duringLaser Processing of Silicon

,

J.J. Blecher, T.A. Palmer, and T. DebRoyThe Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

xxii

Properties and Structural Integrity II - Toughness

Temperbead Welding Repair of Nuclear Components 989

Miguel Yescas1, and Denis Pollier2

(1) AREVA NP Direction Ingenierie et Projets, Paris La Defense, France

(2) AREVA NP, Equipment Servicing and Repair, Chalon-sur-Saone, France

Homogenization and Solution Kinetics of Inconel Alloy 740H Welds 994

Daniel H. Bechetti and John N. DuPont

Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA

Experience with Utility Properties of T24 Steel 1003

Lubos Mraz \ Peter Brziak1, Peter Bernasovsky \ Peter Zifcak1,Jan Kotora 2, Dusan Krajci2, Michal Mraz2, Jozef Pecha 3, Jeremy Robinson4,and David Tanner4

(1) Welding Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

(2) SES Tlmace, a.s., Tlmace, Slovak Republic

(3) Energoinvest a.s., Bratislava, Slovak Republic

(4) University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

Poster Session

Embedded System for Wireless Signals Monitoring duringArc Welding with Technological Approach 1011

Louriel O. Vilarinho, Marcus Vinicius R. Machado, Carolina P. Mota,and Roberto M. Finzi Neto

Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia-MG, Brazil

Development and Assessment of Calorimeters Using Liquid Nitrogen and

Continuous Flow (Water) for Heat Input Measurement 1019

Louriel O. Vilarinho, Hernan D.H. Arevalo, and Cesar A. C. Vieira


Near-Infrared Vision System for Arc-Welding Monitoring 1029

Louriel O. Vilarinho, Carolina P. Mota, Marcus Vinicius R. Machado,and Roberto M. Finzi Neto


Limiting Travel Speed in Additive Layer Manufacturing 1038

A. Adebayo, J. Mehnen, and X. Tonnellier

Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

Study of 6061 Weld Heat Affected Zones Made with GMAW 1045

A. Benoit1, M. Besse2, R. Louahdi2, H. Paul3, P. Paillard2, and T. Baudin1

(1) Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de lEtat Solide, Orsay, France

(2) Universite de Nantes CNRS, Nantes, France

(3) Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Krakow, Poland

xxiii

Case-Study Inverse Thermal Analysis of

21-6-9 Stainless Steel Laser Welds 1050

S.G. Lambrakos1 and J.O. Milewski2


(2) Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

Real-Time Measurement of the Weld Pool Surface in GTAW Process 1057

WeiJie Zhang and YuMing Zhang

University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

Properties of Thick Welded Similar and Dissimilar Joints Made of

TEMPALOY A-3 Steel Assigned for Power Industry 1064

R. Jachym1, M. lomozik1, K. Kwieciriski1, M. Urzynicok2, P. Mariani3,and Y. Minami4

(1) Instytut Spawalnictwa / Institute of Welding, Gliwice, Poland

(2) ZELKOT Boiler Elements Factory, Koszecin, Poland

(3) Tenaris Dalmine, Dalmine, Italy

(4) TenarisNKKTubes, Kawasaki City, Japan

The Effect of Testing Variables and Microstructure on the

Flow Stress and Dynamic Re-Crystallization of SCMV and

Aermet 100 in Compression 1071

Michael Shakib1, Karen Perkins1, and Simon Bray2(1) Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea

(2) Rolls-Royce pic, Derby, UK

Steel Microstructure II

(paper added after pagination completed)

Fracture Toughness of Simulated Heat Affected Zones in NUCu-140 Steel 1079Brett M. Leister and John N. DuPont, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA

Author Index 1088

xxiv

trends in welding research : proceedings of the 9th ... welding research ... june4-8,2012 hilton...

Documents