trends in client use of the internet may 2007 national technology assistance project

Trends in Client Use of the Internet

May 2007National Technology Assistance Project

www.lsntap.org

Agenda Today

• Test your digital divide knowledge with a fun quiz!

• Review stats on digital divide:– Who is online?– What are they doing online?– A look to future audiences and new media

Trends Schmends?

• “Our clients don’t use the Internet.”

• “Our clients shouldn’t use the Internet for their legal problems.”

• “I need to write a grant. Who is using the Internet?”

• “Computers and the Internet are luxury items. We need to focus on serving clients who come through our doors.”

The Potential

The Internet changes…• How we can offer services.• Who can be served.

– The power to expand who is served without expanding finite human resources.

• What services we offer. – Use the Internet to provide basic information to help

clients prevent problems and learn more; self-help.– Use staff for more in-depth questions and

representation.

Quiz

Take 15 minutes to answer the quiz!

Income

Recent studies show that what percentage of people with an income under $30,000 a year go online?

a. 28%

b. 38%

c. 49%

d. 58%

Source: Pew Internet and American Life Project, “Demographics of Internet Users, April 2007” (http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm)

IncomeInternet Access by Income, 2000 - 2006

49%52%

67%

74%

90%

38%

31%

65%

75%

78%

86%93%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2002 2006

Per

cen

tag

e o

f P

op

ula

tio

n

Less than 30,000/year

$30,000-$49,999

$50,000-$74,999

$75,000 +

Source: Pew, “Demographics of Internet Users,” April 2007 (http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm), “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf), and “Who’s not online,” September 2000 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/Pew_Those_Not_Online_Report.pdf)

Income

Which income group has the fastest growing number of Internet users?

a. Upper income (More than $75,000 a year)

b. Middle income ($50,000 – $74,999 a year)

c. Lower-middle income ($25,000 - $49,999 a year)

d. Low-income (Less than $15,000 a year)

Source: A Nation Online – Broadband Age, September 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce. (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.htm)

Income

Internet Users (percent)Family Income Sept ‘01 Oct ‘03 Growth

< $15,000 25.9 31.2 5.3

$15,000 - $24,999 34.4 38 3.6

$25,000 - $34,999 45.3 48.9 3.6

$35,000 - $49,999 58.3 62.1 3.8

$50,000 - $74,999 68.9 71.8 2.9

>$75,000 80.4 82.9 2.5

Source: A Nation Online – Broadband Age, September 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce. (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.htm)

Income

Where is a low-income user most likely to use a computer and the Internet?

a. Home

b. Work

c. School

d. Library

Sources: “A Nation Online – Broadband Age,” September 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce. (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.htm)

Income

• As of 2003, 45% of Internet users with income under $15,000 have access at home. About 25% of this same group has access at work.

• 28% of Internet users with annual household incomes of less than $30,000 logged on from a location other than their home or place or work: schools, libraries or friends’ houses.

Sources: “A Nation Online – Broadband Age,” September 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce. (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.htm) & Pew, “People who use the Internet away from home and work,” March 2004 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Other_Places.pdf)

Age

Significantly fewer 30 to 49 year-olds access the internet than their 18 to 29 year-old counterparts.

a. Trueb. False

In December 2006, they were neck and neck: 83% of 18-29 year olds and 82% of 30-49 years olds polled were online.

Source: Pew, “Demographics of Internet Users,” April 2007 (http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm)

Internet Access by Age, 2000 - 2006

18%

33%

69%

74%

83%

82%

67%60%

45% 52%

70%

14%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2002 2006

Perc

en

tag

e o

f P

op

ula

tio

n

18-29

30-49

50-64

64+

Age


Race

In 2001, the biggest racial gap in Internet access was between:a. Hispanic low income people and White low

income people

b. Black low income and White low income

c. Black high income and White high income

d. White high income and Hispanic high income

Source: Randal Pinkett: BCT Partners, from US Census 2000 statistics.

Race

A Rough Comparison: Percentage Online, by Household Income and Race/Ethnicity

Internet Access by Race/Ethnicity and Income, 2000 -2002

28%32%

25%

60% 57% 55%

82% 82%

65%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Latino White Black

Perc

enta

ge O

nlin

e under 20,000

20,000 - 50,000

over 50,000

Sources: Pew, “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf) & “Latinos Online,” March 2007, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/Latinos_Online_March_14_2007.pdf)

Race: Latinos Online

• Only 56% of Latinos online (vs. 71% of whites or 60% of blacks) – Limited education and less command of English

language.

• Even acknowledging the lag, it’s important to realize that the majority have access:– 79% of Latinos have an Internet connection at home

(only 29% have broadband)– 59% of Latinos have a cell phone (49% use text

messaging)

Source: Pew, “Latinos Online,” March 2007, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/Latinos_Online_March_14_2007.pdf)

Race

What percentage of Latinos who speak only Spanish goes online?

a. 17%

b. 32%

c. 75%

d. 49%


Race: Latinos Online


Education

What percentage of Americans without high school degrees are online?

a. 20%

b. 36%

c. 10%

d. 25%

Source: Pew, “Demographics of Internet Users,” April 2007 (http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm)

Internet Access by Education

17%23%

36%34%

45%

59%63%

72%

84%

75%82%

91%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2000 2002 2006

Per

cen

tag

e o

f P

op

ula

tio

n

Less than HighSchool

High School

Some College

College +

Education


Regional

Which three states have the highest percentage of online users?

a. Utah, Alaska, Washington

b. California, New York, Washington

c. Arkansas, Tennessee, Rhode Island

d. Connecticut, Maine, Ohio

Source; US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce (Economics and Statistics Division): Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2003. October 2003. (http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p23-208.pdf)

Regional

According to the 2000 Census:

• Households in Utah, Alaska, New Hampshire, and Washington were among those with the highest rates of computer ownership (about 72 percent).

• The rates in Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana were among the lowest for computer ownership (about 50 percent).

Source; US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce (Economics and Statistics Division): Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2003. October 2003. (http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p23-208.pdf)

Source, Pew, “Rural Broadband Internet Use,” February 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Rural_Broadband.pdf)

Rural Use

Rural and Urban Use: The Broadband Gap

• Home high speed service less available in rural areas, but fast catch up in recent years

• No significant gap in workplace access

• Rural broadband users have same intensity of use as urban and suburban broadband users

Source, Pew, “Rural Broadband Internet Use,” February 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Rural_Broadband.pdf)

Who isn’t on the Net? Why?

What are the top reason(s) users cite for not using the Internet?

a. Lack of interest or concerns

b. Money / Cost

c. Lack of Time

d. All of the above

Source: Pew, “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf)

Non-Users (2002 and 2006)

Sources: Pew, “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf) and Parks Associates, “Offline Americans see Internet of Little Value,” March 2007 (http://www.parksassociates.com/press/press_releases/2007/nat_scan1.html

Why Non-Users Don't Go Online, 2002

No Computer 11%

Lack of Interest 52%

Privacy or Safety Concerns 43%

Cost 30%

Lack of Time 29%

Too Complicated

27%

Observations about Non-Users• Reasons for non-use are relatively steady

since 2002:– Lack of interest, cost, time, and complexity

• There are fewer non-users every year. – In 2002, 60% of American households were

online. – In mid-2006, Pew studies found 73% of

households online– The number of non-users shrank from 40% to

27%.

Source: Pew, “Demographics of Internet Users,” April 2007 (http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm), “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf), “Internet penetration and impact,” April 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Internet_Impact.pdf)

Small Reality Check

• 73% of households may be online, but not all those users are excited about the Internet: – 34% of Americans only occasionally use modern

gadgetry– 15% are off the network

• Tech-Oriented groups tend to be younger and have more education.

• Median age of those who aren’t interested is 46 or higher

Source: Pew, “A Typology of Information and Communication Technology Users,” May 2007, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_ICT_Typology.pdf)

What are people doing on the Net?

Low income people are less likely to use the Internet to find life information (on jobs, school and health) than their upper income counter parts

a. True

b. False

Source: NTIA, “A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet” US Department of Commerce, 2002 (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/html/anationonline2.htm)

Online Activity (%)by Annual Income

Under $15,000/Over $75,000

E-Mail/Instant Messaging 72.0 / 89.1News, Weather, Sports 53.5 / 67.0Product/Service Information Search 54.9 / 73.5Complete School Assignments 37.1 / 24.6Job Search 23.0 / 14.6Chat Rooms or Email Lists 23.0 / 16.5Health Services or Practices Search 29.5 / 38.9Government Services Search 28.1 / 35.1Product/Service Purchases 26.1 / 49.1Online Banking 12.8 / 23.0Online Education Course 4.0 / 4.0Trade Stocks, Bonds, Mutual Funds 3.2 / 13.8

Source: NTIA, “A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet” US Department of Commerce, 2002 (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/html/anationonline2.htm)


In the past 6 years, which activity or activities dramatically increased among online users?a. Email

b. News

c. Search for government agencies or health information

d. B and C

Source: US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce (Economics and Statistics Division):

Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2003. October 2003, (http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p23-208.pdf)


• News: The proportion of adults who used the Internet to find info on “news, weather or sports” increased from 7% in 1997 to 40% in 2003.

• Health: 46% of online seniors sought answers to their health questions online in March 2000. In June 2002, 74% did.

Source: US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce: Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2003. October 2003, (http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p23-208.pdf); Pew, "America's Online Pursuits," December 2003, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Pursuits_Final.PDF).


According to recent studies, which two online activities are more popular among residents in rural areas than urban ones?

a. Send email and look for info on a hobbyb. Surf for fun and send an emailc. Send an instant message and look for

religious informationd. Get news and perform job-related research

Source: Pew, “Rural Areas and the Internet,” February 2004 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Rural_Report.pdf)


Making Connections:

• Rural users’ online connections to groups are more likely to stretch beyond their physical community.

• In February 2001, 84% of Internet users said they had used the Internet to contact or get information from a group.

Source: Pew, “Rural Areas and the Internet,” February 2004 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Rural_Report.pdf)


Making life decisions:

In a March 2005 survey, 45% of Internet users – 60 million Americans – reported that the Internet was a crucial or important tool to make decisions about careers, health, education, major purchases, finance and investments.

Source: Pew, “The Internet’s Growing Role in Life’s Major Moments,” April 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/181/report_display.asp)

The Future: Children

What percentage of public schools have internet available in their classrooms?:

a. 45%

b. 56%

c. 67%

d. 94%

Source: NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994-2005. November 2006 (http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2007020)


Source: NCES, US Department of Education, “Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994-2005.” November 2006 (http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2007020)


The computer use at home by children enrolled in nursery school or K – 12 who live in households earning more than $75,000 is nearly 88%. Computer use by their low-income counterparts in households earning less than $20,000 is:

a. 88%b. 23%c. 37%d. 11%

Source: NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education. Computer and Internet Use by Students in 2003, September 2006. (http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006065.pdf)


2001:

87% of students used computers at school

2005:The use of the Internet by teens aged 12 – 17 climbed from 73% in 2000 to 87%.

Sources: NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education. Computer and Internet Use by Children and Adolescents in 2001. October 2003, (http://nces.ed.gov/programs/quarterly/vol_5/5_4/2_1.asp) Pew," Teens and Technology,” July 27, 2005, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Tech_July2005web.pdf)

The Future: Teens and New Media

Teens are a great indicator of future use:• 84% own at least one computer, cell phone,

PDA; 44% have two.• 33% use cell phones for text messaging• 75% of online teens use IM, and they use IM to

share links (50%), photos or documents (45%), music or audio files (31%)

• 55% have profiles on one or more social networking sites

Source: Pew, “Teens and Technology,” July 2005 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Tech_July2005web.pdf) & “Teens, Privacy & Online Social Networks,” April 2007 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Privacy_SNS_Report_Final.pdf).

The Future: New Media

Use of Various Online Communication Media by Age, 2004 - 2005

0102030405060708090

100

email instantmessage

textmessaging(cell phone)

videodownloads

creatingblogs

reading blogs news

Per

cen

tag

e 12 to 17

18 to 28

29 to 40

41 to 50

51 to 59

60 - 69

70 +

Source: Pew, “Generations Online,” January 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Generations_Memo.pdf)

The Future: Instant Messaging

There are more IM users in lower education and income groups than in many other activities.

a. True

b. False

Source: Pew, “Online Pursuits,” 2004 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Pursuits_Final.PDF)

The Future: Instant Messaging

• Instant Messaging (IM): “a form of real time communication between two or more people based on typed text.”

• Adults (in 2004):– 42% of online adults used IM, 21% of them at

work

• Teens (in 2005):– 75% of online teens– Report that they prefer IM to email

Source: Pew, “How Americans use instant messaging,” September 2004, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Instantmessage_Report.pdf); Teens and Technology, http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Tech_July2005web.pdf; “Teen Life Online,” June 2001 (http://www.pewinternet.org/report_display.asp?r=36)

The Future: More Cell Phones

• Cell phones increasingly prevalent as phones, cameras, browsers, texting devices. As of July 2005,

– 68% of adults had cell phones; 35% of those cell phone owners had used text messaging.

– 45% of teens owned a cell phone; 33% of all teens used text messaging. (Urban teens most likely to own them)

Source: “Teens and Technology,” (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Tech_July2005web.pdf) & “Cell phone use,” April 2006 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Cell_phone_study.pdf)

The Future: More Cell Phones

The Future: Podcasting

Podcasting:• “a digital recording of a radio broadcast or similar

program, made available on the Internet for downloading to a personal audio player.”

• Fast trajectory: – February – April 2006: 7% of Internet users had downloaded– August 2006: 12% of Internet users had downloaded.

• Users are more often: Men, 18-29, College graduates (It will be interesting to see how that changes as the medium becomes more mainstream.)

Source: Pew, “Podcast Downloading,” Nov 2006 http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Podcasting.pdf

The Future: Video

• YouTube – Video Sharing site– Founded February 2005 – 65,000 videos are

uploaded daily– 100 million videos

watched a day. – 20 million unique users,

mainly in the 18 - 49 age range, view the Web site monthly.

Profile of the Average YouTuber (October 2006)

Age 27

Videos watched per day:

39

Videos watched, ever:

1135

Videos uploaded 7

Comments 7

(table source: Mashable Labs: http://mashable.com/2006/10/30/are-you-an-average-youtube-user/)

Source: “Social Networking and Video Web Sites: MySpace and YouTube Meet the Copyright Cops,” May 2007by Stephanie C. Ardito, Principal, Ardito Information & Research, Inc. (http://www.infotoday.com/searcher/may07/Ardito.shtml)

Conclusions

• Underserved communities are affected by the digital divide, but they are using the Internet and their numbers online continue to increase.

• Our future clients – children and teens – use new, dynamic communication technologies and will turn to the Internet for important information.

• All kinds of people use the Net to make important life decisions right now.

• Legal aid programs need to make ourselves available where our clients are looking for us.

Questions or Comments?

Bibliography (1)Pew Internet and American Life Reports:

2007:“Demographics of Internet Users,” April 2007, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/trends/User_Demo_4.26.07.htm)“Latinos Online,” March 2007, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/Latinos_Online_March_14_2007.pdf)“Teens, Privacy & Online Social Networks,” April 2007, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Privacy_SNS_Report_Final.pdf)“A Typology of Information and Communication Technology Users,” May 2007, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_ICT_Typology.pdf)

2006:“Rural Broadband Internet Use,” February 2006, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Rural_Broadband.pdf)“The Internet’s Growing Role in Life’s Major Moments,” April 2006, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/181/report_display.asp)“Generations Online,” January 2006, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Generations_Memo.pdf)“Cell phone Use,” April 2006, (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Cell_phone_study.pdf)“Podcast Downloading,” November 2006, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Podcasting.pdf)

Bibliography (2)Pew Reports, continued:

2005:“Teens and Technology,” July 27, 2005, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teens_Tech_July2005web.pdf) 2004:“People who use the Internet away from home and work,” March 2004, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Other_Places.pdf)“How Americans use instant messaging,” September 2004,

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Instantmessage_Report.pdf

2000 - 2003:“The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf)"America's Online Pursuits," December 2003, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Online_Pursuits_Final.PDF)“Teen Life Online,” June 2001, (http://www.pewinternet.org/report_display.asp?r=36)“Who’s not online,” September 2000, (

http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/Pew_Those_Not_Online_Report.pdf)

Bibliography (3)NCES reports (2003 – 2006)

NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education. Computer and Internet Use by Children and Adolescents in 2001. October 2003. (http://nces.ed.gov/programs/quarterly/vol_5/5_4/2_1.asp)

NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education. Computer and Internet Use by Students in 2003, September 2006. (http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006065.pdf)

NCES (National Center for Education Statistics), US Department of Education Internet Access in U.S. Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994-2005. November 2006 (http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2007020)

NTIA reports (2004 and 2002):

“A Nation Online – Broadband Age,” September 2004. U.S. Department of Commerce, (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.htm)

“A Nation Online – How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet,” February 2002. US Department of Commerce, (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/html/anationonline2.htm)

Bibliography (4)Other:

Ardito, Stephanie, “Social Networking and Video Web Sites: MySpace and YouTube Meet the Copyright Cops,” May 2007 (http://www.infotoday.com/searcher/may07/Ardito.shtml)

Parks Associates, “Offline Americans see Internet of Little Value,” March 2007 (http://www.parksassociates.com/press/press_releases/2007/nat_scan1.html)

US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce (Economics and Statistics Division): Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2003. October 2003, (http://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p23-208.pdf)

USC-Annenberg Digital Future Project, “Online World As Important to Internet Users as Real World?” ( http://www.digitalcenter.org/pdf/2007-Digital-Future-Report-Press-Release-112906.pdf)

Legacy Slides

(From past version of the presentation)

40%

56%

35%

62%

56%

39%

57%

38%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Perc

en

tag

e

All Non-Users White Black Hispanic

Race/Ethnicity

Intentions of Internet Non-Users by Race/Ethnicity(2002)

Will Go Online

Won't Go Online

38%

57%

51%

46%

51%

45% 44%

49%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Perc

en

tag

e

Less than$30,000

$30,000-$50,000

$50,000-$75,000

$75,000 andabove

Income

Intentions of Internet Non-Users by Income(2002)

Will Go Online

Won't Go Online

How many non users intend to go online?

Source: Pew Internet and American Life Project, “The Ever Shifting Internet Population,” April 2003 (http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Shifting_Net_Pop_Report.pdf)

Legal Aid

What percentage of people in legal aid waiting rooms in Indiana and Maryland self report they had access to a computer with the Internet?a. 25%

b. 35%

c. 60%

d. 80%

Legal Aid

Most people reach Idaho Legal Aid online by:a. entering a phrase in Google

b. typing in a web address

c. entering phrase in another search engine

d. linking to the site from government website

Legal Aid programs across the country report higher rates of Internet use by clients than the national statistics.

Legal Aid

• The Alaska Court Self-Help Hotline reports:

– 65% of Self-Help Center callers are LSC eligible. The next 25% are barely over 125% of the poverty guidelines. Only 10% report a monthly income above $3000

– 85% report Internet access, as defined by having an e-mail address

Alaska

Maryland

As of March 8, 2003, 76 clients have participated ages 14 to 76. (Only 2 were juveniles.)

Of the total:– 68% reported they had access to the Internet. – 34% said affirmatively they had access at home. – An additional 34%, who did not have access at home,

reported that they had access at other locations (house of a friend or relative or the public library).

– 26% have looked for legal information on the web before.

Indiana

• Surveyed approximately 150 persons who came into offices to apply for legal assistance at offices around the state.

– 37% use a computer often

– 5% sometimes

– 19% rarely

– 29% never

• Of 107 of those who use the computer, 96 are able to access the Internet (89.7%)


The difference in percentage points when you compare the percentage of students in upper and lower income households, who use the computer at school, is:

a. 7 points

b. 40 points

c. 23 points

d. 17 points


A digital divide exists between young people in low-income and higher-income families, but it is much narrower, and more easily bridged, than the divide facing adults.

For young people the divide is based less on access to technology than on the location where it is accessed.

trends in client use of the internet may 2007 national technology assistance project

Documents

pew internet

internet access

internet population

internet changes

income group

demographics of internet

upper income

black high income