tree installation and establishment ppt
TRANSCRIPT
Tree Installation
and Establishme
nt
Select Tree Species to Fit Site
• Function or use• Adaptability
• Soil characteristics• Pest susceptibility
• Maintenance requirements
Nursery Stock Types
Container grown
Bare root
Balled and
burlapped Potte
d
Grow bags
Container Grown Trees
Advantages• Ease of handling• Extends planting
time• Lightweight soil• Many species, sizes
available• Normally under 2”
caliperDisadvantages• May distort roots
Distorted Roots
Spiraling and other deformities can cause girdling roots, tree instability, and other future problems!
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Standards for Container Grown Trees
Trunk caliper (inches)1
Minimum container size
(gallons)
Minimum tree height on
standard trees
Minimum tree height on slower
grown trees
Maximum tree height
1 5 6 5 10
2 20 10 8 14
3 45 12 9.5 16
4 95 14 10.5 18
5 95
1 Trunk diameter (caliper) is measured 6 inches from the ground unless trunk is more than 4 inches caliper. If so, measure trunk caliper 12 inches above ground. Source: American Standard for Nursery Stock ANSI 60.1, and Florida Grades and Standards for Nursery Stock
Small Container Standards
Balled and Burlapped Trees
Advantages• Traditional method• No bound roots• Over 2” caliper
Disadvantages• Heavy• Limited time for lifting • 90%+ roots lost• Establishment time• May have extra soil
over roots
Tree Ball Methods
High/Low Profile Baskets
Standards for Balled and Burlapped Trees
Trunk caliper (inches)1
Minimum ball diameter on field
grown shade trees
Minimum tree height on
standard trees
Minimum tree height on slower
grown trees
Maximum tree height
1 16 6 5 10
2 24 10 8 14
3 32 12 9.5 16
4 42 14 10.5 18
5 54
1 Trunk diameter (caliper) is measured 6 inches from the ground unless trunk is more than 4 inches caliper. If so, measure trunk caliper 12 inches above ground. Source: American Standard for Nursery Stock ANSI 60.1, and Florida Grades and Standards for Nursery Stock.
Tree Ball Standards---1-1/4 Inch Caliper
Tree Ball Standards---2 Inch Caliper
Tree Ball Standards---3 Inch Caliper
Bare Root TreesAdvantages• Reduced weight• Less costly• Permits full
examination of roots
Disadvantages• Limited planting
time• Specialized handling• Usually wholesale
only
Standards for Bare Root Trees
Caliper (inches) Average height range (feet) Minimum root spread (inches)
.5 5-6 12
.75 6-8 16
1 8-10 18
1.25 8-10 20
1.5 10-12 22
1.75 10-12 24
2 12-14 28
2.5 12-14 32
3 14-16 38
Source: American Standard for Nursery Stock, ANSI Z60.1 published by American Association of Nurserymen, Washington D.C.
Other Tree Growing Systems
RPM SYSTEMForrest Keeling Nursery, Elsberry, MO
Fibrous Roots
RPM and other systems promote many branched, fibrous roots
RPM roots Conventional seedling
Fibrous container roots
Desirable Tree Characteristics
• Pleasing proportions• Vigorous growth• Bright green
cambium• Evenly spaced
branches• No narrow branch
angles• Straight trunk• No wounds• Well formed roots,
kept moist
1-1/2 Inch Caliper, B&B
Protect Trees During Transport
Tree Planting
Use Correct Technique
• Tree planting knowledge is not innate
• More than one way to plant
What’s Wrong With This Picture?
• Hole Too Small
• Roots Too Deep
Outmoded Planting Practices
• Routine stakes, trunk wrap, soil berm
• Narrow hole• Underdug hole• Soil
amendments• Cut back
branches
Recommended Planting Technique
Check Rootball or Container for Excess Soil over Root System
Remove soil from ball top if needed
Recommended Planting Technique
Recommended Planting Technique
AFA Tree Planting Method
Planted Tree, No Stakes
Standard Planting with Stakes
• For windy locations or small root system
• To protect stem
• Use non-abrasive ties, low on stem
• Allow tree to flex
• Remove ties, stakes ASAP
Optional Berm Planting
• For compacted or shallow soils
• May be used in lieu of standard planting
• Stakes, ties, optional
Root Development in Berm
Subsurface Planting Drain
• For poorly drained soils
• Run drain to daylight
Low Berm After Planting
Powell Gardens
Extra Large Berm With Groundcover
Powell Gardens
Planting Aftercar
e
Watering
Truck Mounted Tank
From Hydrant
Watering Bag
Apply equivalent of 1” rain per week
Re-mulching
No “volcano” mulchingReplace organic mulch every 1-2 years, 2-3” deep
Remove Stakes and Wrap
• Stakes no longer than one year
• Remove wrap before first growing season
Additional Trunk Protection May Be Required
Prune planted trees minimally
Begin routine pruning 3 years after planting
•Select trees to fit site
•Purchase vigorous trees with well-formed branches and roots
•Determine correct planting technique for site
•Follow-up with good maintenance