tree diversityday2012swaminathan
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on Tree Diversity Day, 11 October 2012, at the 11th CBD Conference of Parties in Hyderabad, IndiaTRANSCRIPT
Hyderabad,)11)October)2012)
M"S"Swaminathan,"FRS"UNESCO'Chair'in'Ecotechnology'
M'S'Swaminathan'Research'Foundation,'Chennai,'India'
Biodiversity"and"Agro8forestry"
CoP"11"Convention"on"Biological"Diversity"International"Centre"for"Research"in"Agroforestry"
(ICRAF)"
Agroforestry"Systems"
Combating"Hidden"Hunger"/"Moringa"oleifera"
Annual"Moringa"Variety"
developed"at"the"Tamil"Nadu"Agricultural"University"
Promote"the"Consumption"of"Millet"and"Moringa�
Rich"source"of"Vitamin"C"
Genetic"homogeneity"enhances"genetic"
vulnerability"to"pests""
Leucaena"leucocephala"(Subabul"in"India)"
Mitigating"Climate"Change":""Role"of"Terrestrial"Carbon"Banks"
o Global'net'primary'productivity'(NPP)'='120'Gt/c/year'o Most' of' it' is' returned' to' the' atmosphere' through' plant' and'
soil'respiration'o If'10%'of'NPP'is'retained'in'the'terrestrial'biosphere'(ie,'soil,'
plants,' wetlands,' mangrove' ecosystems)' ,' 12' Gt/c/year' can'become'part'of'a'terrestrial'carbon'bank'
o Increasing'soil'C'pool'by'1'ton'c/ha/year'in'the'root'zone'can'increase'food'production'by'30'to'50'million'tonnes'
Source:(Dr(Rattan(Lal(
Mitigation"(Reducing"Green"Gas"Emissions)"
Carbon'dioxide''
Reducing' deforestation' and' forest'degradat ion' and' promoting'afforestation'(REDD)''
Methane' Biogas'Plants''
Nitrous'Oxide' Neem'Coated'Urea'
A"Biogas"Plant,"a"few"Fertilizer"Tress"and"a"Farm"Pond"in"every"Farm"
Agro8Forestry"System"involving"Fertilizer"Trees""
Building"Soil"Carbon"Banks"
19 varieties of Yam in 4 species were in Cultivation (as of 2006) but less than 5 in rural market and none in urban market
Dioscorea alata 1. Inchikachil I & II` 2. Kuzhikavithu I 3. Kuzhikavithu II 4. Quintalkachil I 5. Quintalkachil II 6. Anakomban 7. Kaduvakkayyan 8. Urulan kachil 9. Kuppathottikizhangu 10. Elivalankachil 11. Neendi/Veetukizhangu 12. Vella kachil I & II 13. Chorakachil/cherakachil/chuvappukachil/ Neela kachil I, II & III Dioscorea esculenta 14. Nanakizhangu 15. Vella Enchi kachil 16. Mullan Kachil Dioscorea rotundata 17.Africankachil 18. Thoonankachi Dioscorea bulbifera 19. Erachikachil/Adathappu
Life Saving Crops
in Wayanad
Convention"on"Biological"Diversity"
Mixed"Cropping"–"Coping"Mechanism"Against""Natural"Calamities"
Kolli"Hills,"Tamil"Nadu"
Climate"Smart"Nutri"Cereals"
The' goal' of' the' Biovalley' is' to' promote'biohappiness'among'tribal' families'through'integrated' attention' to' the' conservation,'sustainable'use'and'equitable'sharing'of'the'bioresources' of' the' area' leading' to' health,'work' and' income' security.' Conservation'Farming' will' include' steps' for' soil' health'enhancement,' harvesting' and' efVicient' use'of'rain'water'and'saving'and'using'plants'for'saving'lives'and'strengthening'livelihoods.'
Herbal"Biovalley"
Linking'Biodiversity,'Biotechnology'and'Business'in'a'mutually'reinforcing'manner'
Biovalley'is'to'Biotechnology'(BT),'what'Silicon'Valley'is'to'Information'Technology'(IT)'
Rio"+"20"(2012)"
Convert'bioresources'into'jobs'
and'income'in'an'
environmentally'sustainable'
and'socially'equitable'manner'
Breaking'the'dichotomy'between'the'property'of'Nature'
and'poverty'of'people'
""Fighting"Genetic"Anemia"Community'Gene'&'Seed'Banks'
National'Gene'Bank'
Svalbard'–''Global'Seed'Vault'
Conservation'continuum'
A"similar"Seed"Vault"has"been"established"by"DRDO"
at"Chang"La"in"the"Himalayas"
Genetic"Garden"of"HALOPHYTES"at"Vedaranyam"
Obligatory'halophytes' Facultative'halophytes'
Tolerate'high'concentration'of'sodium'salts''>'3'times'of'seawater'salinity''Even'demand'high'NaCl'for''survival'and'reproduction''1560'species'
Most'of'the'species'tolerate'only'moderate'level'of'salinity''Reproduction'requires'low'saline'condition''Mangroves''60'species'
Converting"Sea"Water"into"Fresh"Water"through"Halophytes"
Agro8Aqua"farming"with"sea"water"
Rhizophora"plantation"
Sesuvium"plantation""A""halophyte""
Sea"Water"Farming"
Traditional"Wisdom"
The"sky"is"held"up"by"trees."If"the"forest"disappears,"the"sky"which"is"the"roof"of"the"world" collapses." Nature"and" man" then" perish"together"
Amerindian)song)Guyana)