travelling with vectors basically a lesson where we recap and apply everything we’ve learnt so far
TRANSCRIPT
Forces
• Know how to draw force diagrams• Understand how to find the resultant of 2
forces.• To be able to find components of forces. & the
resultant of more than two forces using components
What is a force?Something that causes an object to
change speed OR change direction OR change shape
ContactDistortion,
FrictionBuoyancy
Non contact – Act at a distance
GravityElectricalMagnetic
Types of forces
Units?Newtons (Named after Sir Isaac Newton)
Force Diagrams
• In groups draw on all the forces for each diagram.
• Try to name all the forces.• Consider carefully where to label them.
Treating forces as vectors
• We can use all the same ideas we have looked at with vectors for velocity and displacement with forces.
• The main case is setting up vector triangles again to find the resultant force.
• Lets have a quick reminder!
The triangle method
P
P
Q
Q
R
• To find the resultant of the two forces P and Q we can make them into a triangle.• This is done by drawing them tip to tail.
•The resultant is the direct route from one end to the other
The triangle method• Why is this method useful?
• Because we can use the sine and cosine rules from Core 2.
• Sine rule => a = b = c sinA sinB sinC
• Cosine rule => a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cosA
Remember you must learn the Sine Rule
The Cosine Rule is given in the Formula booklet
Example 2 Find the magnitude of the resultant of the two forces.
25N
40N
200
400
500
160 Abccba cos2222
160cos402524025 222 a
...38.41042 a
1.64aNF 1.64
Example 3
State the magnitude and bearing of the resultant.
Abccba cos2222
130cos101521015 222 a
...83.5172 a ...75.22aNF 8.22
Example 3
State the magnitude and bearing of the resultant.
N15
N10
25
75
N8.22
xsin
10
130sin
8.22
10
sin
8.22
130sin x
xsin...3359.0 x6.196.44
Splitting forces into components
• Sometimes we may not want to set up forces into a triangle.
• In these situations we may use an alternative method of finding components.
• This means splitting up a force into two parts.• Usually this will be into their horizontal and
vertical components.
30 cos65650
If you know the angle between the force and the component you always use cosine
If you do not know the angle between the force and the component you always use sine
Horizontal Component
Vertical Component30N
30 sin65
Quiz Time• Write down the
number 1-8.
• Write down the calculation to find the desired component.
• Use your calculator to find the magnitude of the component to 3 significant figures.
• 2 marks for each question.
Splitting into components
• A resultant for two or more forces can be found by splitting all forces into their horizontal and vertical components.
• You can then find the total horizontal and vertical component.
• This allows you to set up a triangle in the same way as earlier.
• This will always be a right angled triangle meaning that you can the use:– Pythagoras to find the magnitude.– And trigonometry to find the angle.