travel demand management - wri beijing project
TRANSCRIPT
Daizong Liu
Director of WRI China Transport Program
Transforming Transportation 2017
Travel Demand Management WRI Beijing Project
Outline
1.Why TDM in China
2.WRI China TDM Offers
3.WRI TDM Works in China
4.Initial Achievements
Why TDM in China
1
Energy-related CO2 emissions of China was 28% of the global total in 2014, and will be 16.5 Gt in 2030. The contribution of transport sector has been increasing. By 2030, it will be 33% of total CO2 emissions
Why TDM in China
Why TDM in China 1
Source: NASA, BCL, and Gaode
30%PM 2.5
EMISSION FROM URBAN TRANSPORT
$127 LOSS
IN TIME-COST EVERY MONTH DUE TO TRAFFIC JAMS, WHILE AVERAGE MONTHLY INCOME IS $1060 IN BEIJING
115 MINUTES
STUCK IN TRAFFIC EVERY WEEKDAY IN BEIJING
1% GDP
= HEALTH COSTS OF TRANSPORT EMISSION; 10% AVERAGE INCOME = TIME LOSS BY TRAFFIC JAM
2 WRI China TDM Offers
Implementation Pathway 2
TDM Agenda 2
TDM Agenda
Car Ownership
Usage Control
Physical Restraints
Mode Shift
WRI TDM Works in Beijing
3
3 Bejing TDM Project
Notes:
red = strong mandate, quick and obvious effect; orange = medium policy mandate, obvious effect for short-term rather than long-term; green = weak policy, effect not obvious.
Beijing TDM Project 3
Notes:
red = strong mandate, quick and obvious effect; orange = medium policy mandate, obvious effect for short-term rather than long-term; green = weak policy, effect not obvious.
3 Beijing TDM Practices
Improve vehicle
ownership regulation
Reduce
car usage
Reduce initial travel
demand
Alter travel demand during
peak hours
Urban planning Promote job-housing balance Complete streets
Increase percentage of new energy Veh Proof-of-parking for vehicle purchase Market-oriented allocation scheme 63 million cars by 2020
Low emission zone/ Congestion charging Differentiated parking prices Traffic restrictions based on regions and times Transit freight vehicle detours
Flexible work schedule Internet-based work Early bird discounted
subway fares
Area: 16,807.8 km2 Population: 21.7 million Vehicle ownership: 5.7 million Average daily driving times: 2.4 Average daily driving distances: 13.1 km
Average daily public transport passenger journeys: 20.4 million person-times
Subway operating mileage: 554 km Bus lanes: 741 km Green transport mode share in central city:
70.7%
Beijing LEZ/CC Project
Beijing LEZ/CC
Legislation
Institutional Setup
Public Communication
Policy Schemes
Design Management
Enforcement
Finance
3
Beijing CC Policy Public Opinion Survey
Over 10,000 questionnaires in total conducted
3
23.2%
28.5%
28.5% 28.5%
支持
中立
反对 48.3%
23.2% Opposed
Supported
Neutral 32.0%
16.3%
28.5%
14.0%
9.3%
一般 比较支持 非常支持
较不支持
18%
非常不支
Neutral
Fairly Supported
Strongly Supported
Opposed
Strongly Opposed
• Implementation of CC has potential benefits.
3
Public Support Degree
• The better the public know about the cc policy, the more supportive they are.
Beijing CC Policy Public Opinion Survey
19.3%
40.8%
34.7% 10.6%
(81.6%) know little about policy
(18.4%) know well about policy
Initial Achievements
4
Initial Achievements
Beijing imposes stricter travel restrictions on vehicles. Starting from Feb. 15, 2017, the city’s 456,000 vehicles meeting Euro 1 and 2 standards will be banned on all work days within the 5th Ring Road.
Initial Achievements
Working with Beijing TV Station, we produced a TV program, broadcast on Sept 15, 2016, called “Searching for Measures to Mitigate Congestion” based on our CC public opinion survey to educate the public that CC coupled with a package of measures could effectively reduce congestion.
Initial Achievements
"Urban Public Transport 13th Five Year Plan " issued by MOT in July 2016, bought a package of TDM solutions to mitigate urban traffic congestions.
