transtutors · web viewpart 1. stress and strain for the exam, be sure to learn the three types of...

12
Structural Geology Module Hi there. You should know that structural geology is a doozy! (It’s also my specialty and the coolest sub- discipline of geology.) I highly recommend taking a break after Part 2 (Folds) and before Part 3 (Faults). In fact, you may wish to study them on different days.. Each Question is worth one point. Part 1. Stress and Strain For the exam, be sure to learn the three types of stress, and the plate boundaries with which they are associated. Use any outside source to answer questions 1-3 1. What king of stress is associated with divergent boundaries? 2. Define Stress:

Upload: others

Post on 14-Feb-2021

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Structural Geology Module

Hi there. You should know that structural geology is a doozy! (It’s also my specialty and the coolest sub-discipline of geology.) I highly recommend taking a break after Part 2 (Folds) and before Part 3 (Faults). In fact, you may wish to study them on different days..

Each Question is worth one point.

Part 1. Stress and Strain

For the exam, be sure to learn the three types of stress, and the plate boundaries with which they are associated. Use any outside source to answer questions 1-3

1. What king of stress is associated with divergent boundaries?

2. Define Stress:

3. Define Strain:

Part 2. Folds

Refer to SmartFigure 11.9 (http://goo.gl/jcl85)

(You should know all folds by sight, and if they are symmetrical, asymmetrical or overturned.)

4. What kind of fault is shown in the picture above?

5. What kind of stress produced it?

6. Based on your answer to #5, on what plate boundary did the fold form?

7. What kind of fault is shown in the map below?

8. If a fold has been tipped completely on its side, it is described as _________________.

Now check out SmartFigure 11.7. (http://goo.gl/NWk1N)

9. Which of the maps in the figure above depict a plunging fold, the top or bottom map?

10. If the direction of plunge is to the left, is it a syncline or an anticline?

Now check out SmartFigure 11.9 (http://goo.gl/DYNrZ)

11. Which figure above shows a dome, the right or left?

12. If the yellow rock is younger than the pink rock, is this a dome or a basin?

13. What will you find in the center of a structural basin, old or young rock?

14. Based on the strike and dip symbols, is the figure above a dome or a basin?

Part 3. Faults

(For the exam, be able to identify all fault types.)

Now Refer to SmartFigure 11.15 (http://goo.gl/wvKE2)

15. Define Fault:

16. If no movement has occurred on a fracture, it is called a ___________.

17. Define the term “ductile” (outside research may be required.) Is the lower or upper crust more likely to be ductile?

18. Is the lower or upper crust more likely to be brittle?

19. According to your book, where do faults form?

Refer to SmartFigure 11.15 (http://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_geo/smartfigure/sf-FaultTypes.html)

20. Is the hanging wall on the right or the left in the figure above?

21. What kind of fault is represented in the figure shown above?

22. Which of the stresses described in Chapter 11 produce this type of fault?

23. And if that same stress were applied to rocks in the lower crust, what geologic structure would form?

24. How is a thrust fault different than a regular reverse fault?

25. Is the motion on an oblique slip fault in the direction of strike, or of dip?

26. What are the grooves on the surface of a fault called?

Refer to figure11.16, the Mobile Field Trip (http://goo.gl/FbBhca)

27. Topographic relief is the the vertical distance between the highest and lowest points in an area, so areas of great relief are really hard to climb! What is the topographic relief of Death Valley (Use Telegraph Peak and Badwater for values.)

28. Give an example of erosional evidence that Death Valley is tectonically active.

29. What two plates are stretching the “basin and range”?

30. If rocks along the furnace creek fault have been offset 30 miles over 10 million years, what is the rate of plate motion in cm/year. (Hint: Rate x Time = Distance, and there are 5280 feet in one mile, and 2.54 cm. in one inch.)

31. Using an outside source, provide three surface expressions of a strike slip fault?