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CE421: Transportation Engineering

Instructor: Deo Leo Manalo, Ph.D.

Email: deoleomanalo@yahoo.com

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

2sem.2011

Land Transport

Air Transport

Water Transport

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Infrastructure

roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and

pipelines, and terminals such as airports, railway

stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking

terminals, refueling depots, and seaport

Vehicle

automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, trucks,

people, helicopters, and aircraft.

Operations

procedures, financing, legalities and policies

Vehicle

Route or path

Terminal facilities

Prime Mover

Transit time and cost

Cargo

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Transportation Systems

The dimension of vehicles, its capacity and type are some of the factors, which influence the selection of a transport system for movement of goods from one place to the other Road transport - capacity, moving dimensions, and speed of the vehicle are very important

Rail transport - line capacity, type and general availability of wagons

Water transport - size, speed and type of ship to be used are very important

Air transport speed and handling is of great importance

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surface roads, navigable waterways and roadways

determinant of effectiveness of various modes of transport

determines the speed, cost, and capacity of transportation

routes must have adequate capacity to absorb traffic demand

congestion of routes may lead to higher maintenance cost, accident and delays

Facilities for loading & unloading of goods

Facilities for boarding & alighting of pax

Facilities also affect the cost of transportation

Adequate storage. L/UL, marshalling yards,

weighing equipment, security check

Adequate waiting area, pax information,

ticketing, security check

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power utilized for moving of vehicles for transportation of cargo from one place to another

Prime mover also dictate the level of service outcomes

time element is a valid factor for determining the effectiveness of a particular mode of transport

cost is an essential element of transporting goods from one place to another

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involves movement of cargo from one place to another

nature and size of cargo constitute the basis of any goods transport system

choosing a mode of transportation is the least cost per unit weight / volume of the product moved over a unit distance

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Economy of scale is the cost per unit weight decreases as the size of the shipment increases

Cost decreases because the fixed cost of the carrier is allocated over a larger weight of shipment

Economy of distance is the cost per unit weight decreases as distance increases

Longer distances allow fixed cost of the carrier to be spread over more miles, lowering the per mile charge

Goal is to maximize the size of the load and distance shipped while still meeting service expectations

For the transportation managers, cost, speed and reliability are the most important factors while selecting from amongst the available transportation options

Preference of vehicles depends on factors like safety, cost, speed, travel time and operating characteristics

What is important to you in transportation?

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Speed is the elapsed movement time from origin to destination

Availability is ability of a mode to service any given pair of locations

Dependability is the potential variance from expected delivery schedule

Capability is the ability to handle any load size or configuration

Frequency is the quantity of scheduled movements a mode can handle

'Lowest number is best

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Small to medium shipments

Heavily used for high value and international shipments

Cost is relatively high

Advantages are speed and ability to handle fragile freight

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Used occasionally for small shipments of large items into rural areas

Used for mostly bulk cargo

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Materials are loaded into a container and the container is loaded onto a ship

The container is offloaded at the destination point, transferred to either highway or railway to the final destination

Shipments are usually by full container of 20ft or 40ft

Small packages via postal services

Some carriers are expanding into LTL territory

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Oil, gas and some other type of commodities

Efficient in long hauls

In-transit privileges

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Offers flexibility and speed

Do not require terminals and fixed administrative cost are spread over more weight

Accounts to majority of tonnage

http://yourdevelopment.org

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