transport in plants
DESCRIPTION
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS. 2 types of transport tissue: XYLEM & PHLOEM. Vascular Cambium. creates new xylem cells on the inside, and new phloem cells on the outside. XYLEM & PHLOEM anatomy:. sieve cells. companion cells. plasmodesmata. XYLEM~ moves water and minerals. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 2: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
2 types of transport tissue:XYLEM & PHLOEM
![Page 3: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Vascular Cambium
creates new xylem cells on the inside, and new phloem cells on the outside.
![Page 4: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
XYLEM & PHLOEM anatomy:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
companion cells
plasmodesmata
sieve cells
![Page 5: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
XYLEM~ moves water and minerals
• Acts like a bundle of straws
• functions via. negative pressure
• “sucking”• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ir9bm3fli90
![Page 6: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
XYLEM cells (transport water & dissolved minerals)
~2 kinds of cells:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
* Conifers, have only these
* Pits (holes) between and surrounding these~
* Dead & hollow at maturity
Tracheid = single cell, elongated, tapered ends (wall composed of cellulose)
![Page 7: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
XYLEM cells~ 2 kinds:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Vessel Element = numerous elongated cells make up this tube. (typically smaller in length than tracheids, but wider in diameter)
* Conifers do not have these
* Have “pits” or openings on their ends and are stacked to create one long “pipe”
* Carry more water than tracheids
* Dead & hollow at maturity
![Page 8: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
XYLEM ~ water movement b/c of 2 forces:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1) Transpirational pull
- via. negative pressure as water is evaporated out of the
stomatahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKyHbanzYnI&feature=related
![Page 9: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
XYLEM ~ water movement b/c of 2 forces:
1) Transpirational pull
- via. negative pressure
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 10: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2) Root Pressure - more negative water potential in the root as compared to the
outside soil
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 11: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2) Root Pressure - water moves from the soil… into
the root
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 12: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PHLOEM~ has 2 types of cells:
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
companion cells
sieve tube cells
![Page 13: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PHLOEM
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
companion cells:
nucleus
sieve tube cells:
no nucleus
both types are alive
![Page 14: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How do solutions move through the PHLOEM ~ Ernst Munch 1933
PRESSURE FLOW
HYPOTHESISQuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
..
![Page 15: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How do solutions move through the PHLOEM ~ Ernst Munch 1933
PRESSURE FLOW
HYPOTHESISQuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
..
Solutes move through plants as a result of
pressure gradients, not negative pressure
(aka. pulling)
![Page 16: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• SOURCE = area of excess sugar supply
aka. leaf in the summer
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
• SINK = area of storage aka. roots in the summer & winter
![Page 17: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• SINK = area of storage aka. leaf are
in the spring
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
• SOURCE = area of excess sugar supply aka. roots in the spring.
![Page 18: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
1) @ SOURCE, sucrose moves from mesophyll cells into companion cells via. active transport
Phloem companion cell
sugar
(Photosynthesizing cell)
![Page 19: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
2) Companion cells move sap into SIEVE TUBE CELLS via. active transport
sugar
Photosynthesizing cellPhotosynthesizing cell
Phloem companion cell
![Page 20: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mineral absorption
• Proton pumps– active transport (ATP) of H+ ions out of cell
• chemiosmosis• H+ gradient
– creates membranepotential• difference in charge• drives cation uptake
– creates gradient• cotransport of other
solutes against theirgradient
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
sugar
ATP
![Page 21: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
3) Sugar accumulates in SIEVE TUBES, thus decreasing (lowering) water potential (aka. making more negative)
sugar
Phloem companion cell
![Page 22: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
4) WATER then, moves in from the XYLEM (as a result)… thus increasing turgor pressure in SIEVE TUBES -->
H2Osugar
Phloem companion cell
![Page 23: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Maple sugaring
![Page 24: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
5) thus moving sugar to areas of lower pressure (the sink).
sugar
Phloem companion cell
H2O
![Page 25: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
6) @ sink, sugar is unloaded from sieve tubes, thus INCREASING water potential...
sugar
Phloem companion cell
![Page 26: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
TRANSPORT OF SAP
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
source
7) Water moved back into xylem… and UP via. negative pull
H2Osugar
Phloem companion cell
![Page 27: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Pressure Flow Hypothesis
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
![Page 28: TRANSPORT IN PLANTS](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032313/56812b3d550346895d8f51a1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Don’t get mad…
Get answers!!Ask Questions!
Do you think a fruit is a
source or a sink?