transformed landscapes what lies beneath?
DESCRIPTION
Constance NeelyTRANSCRIPT
Transformed LandscapesWhat lies beneath?
Constance Neely
Niger: A transformed agricultural landscape –
5 million hectares of farmer managed natural regeneration
Wet season millet production
What lies beneath?• Recognition of the multiple
benefits of the Faidherbia albida and other multi-purpose species
• Research perfecting propogation methods, density, adaptation to farming systems
• Grassroots village level institutional strengthening – access new knowledge on management systems
• Policies - Niger government reform of forestry laws
• National Agroforestry food security program (Malawi)
• Partnerships and Donor Support
Tanzania - Shinyanga Ngitili System 500,000 hectares regenerated
Ngitili System - Shinyanga
What lies beneath?
• Severely degraded lands – due to deforestation (tse-tse fly)
• Shinyanga Soil Conservation project; National Agroforestry Research Centre
• Grass roots leadership - close collaboration between farmers, scientists and local government
• Implementation rooted in government structures allowing efforts to continue beyond project funding cycle
Zimbabwe
Photo credits: A. Savory
• Planned and controlled grazing
• Timing not numbers of animals
• Deep rooted diverse perennial species
• Full soil cover
• Prohibit burning
• Plan for drought in time and not spacePhoto credits: A. Savory
What lies beneath?
• A visionary prepared to challenge paradigms
• Addressing root causes• Understanding among
livestock and wildlife stakeholders
• Relevance to sustainable community development
• Enhancing the value chain• Capacity development• Influence on future policies
What lies beneath?
• Access to productive inputs• Agro-ecological approaches• Investments in capacity
development – farmer leaders
• Farmer cooperation (mingas)
• Passing on the gift• Strong linkages with local
and national government• Productivity
Photos: C. Leggett
Ecosystem Processes – managing the beneath…
Photos: C. Leggett
Solar Energy Flow
Biological Community DynamicsWater Cycle
Nutrient Dynamics
AfricaSoils.net
Sentinel Site locations stratified by climate
Globally Integrated African Soil Information Service (AfSIS)
• randomization to minimize local biases that might arise from convenience sampling
Sentinel site surveillance a spatially stratified,
hierarchical, randomized sampling framework
Sentinel site (100 km2)
16 Clusters (1 km2)
10 Plots (1000 m2)
4 Sub-Plots (100 m2)
Carbon Sequestration Potential of Four Land Use Systems
(Adapted from IPCC, 2000, Swaminathan, 2nd WAC, 2009)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Agroforestry Grazingmanagement
Forestmanagement
Croplandmanagement
Po
ten
tial C
arb
on
Seq
uestr
ati
on
by 2
040
(Mt
C y
-1)
Improved Integrated Farming System
Cows/
goat
s
Poor M
aize
Degra
ded
Grass
land
unim
prov
ed a
rea
tota
l em
ission
s
Good
Feed
%50
Bre
ed M
gt
Conse
rvat
ion M
aize
Impr
oved
Gra
sslan
dTre
es
Total
mitig
ation
Net S
ink
-20000
-15000
-10000
-5000
0
5000
10000
CO2-e Mg
Estimates Using Ex-ACT tool~4.5 Mg CO2-e/Ha/Yr
What lies ahead?• National Investment Strategies –
Cross-sectoral coordination and multi-stakeholder processes
• Bridging UN Conventions
• Stronger linkages among research, practice, knowledge sharing and policy
• Urban rural linkages – sustainable food and energy producing landscapes with Local government driving – (home grown…)
• Assessments - Life cycle analysis, farming system and landscape level assessments - mitigation and adaptation potentials