transcultural nursing care

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New Life College of Nursing Karachi

Post RN - BScN 1st semester 2013

1

Faculty: - Sir Rameesh Kumar

Subject: -Sociology

Topic: - Secial issues in the !eli"ery of transcultural nursing care

Group Member: -

1# $ahi! %li2# Saima Naeem

3# %&ra Noreen

'# $aina(

Date: - 22-11-2013


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T r a n s c u l t u r a l N u r s i n g

Special issues in the deliery o! transcultural nursing care

http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0WTefTpVsBL.EgAtSiJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpc2ozM2gzBHBvcwM0BHNlYwNzcgR2dGlkAw--/SIG=1ki5vjg87/EXP=1270982761/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dcultural%252Bdiversity%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-701%2526fr2%253Dtab-web%26w=500%26h=500%26imgurl=ganananforumsg.files.wordpress.com%252F2007%252F03%252F130262190_09c9a16e91.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fganananforumsg.wordpress.com%252F2007%252F03%252F30%252Fbridging-cultural-differences-in-global-business-gananan-forum-singapore%26size=169k%26name=130262190%2B09c9a1...%26p=cultural%2Bdiversity%26oid=29d12f88b67df2e0%26fr2=tab-web%26no=4%26tt=110574%26sigr=13n06tbh6%26sigi=123co3gpl%26sigb=133ibe96ihttp://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0WTefTpVsBL.EgAtSiJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpc2ozM2gzBHBvcwM0BHNlYwNzcgR2dGlkAw--/SIG=1ki5vjg87/EXP=1270982761/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dcultural%252Bdiversity%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-701%2526fr2%253Dtab-web%26w=500%26h=500%26imgurl=ganananforumsg.files.wordpress.com%252F2007%252F03%252F130262190_09c9a16e91.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fganananforumsg.wordpress.com%252F2007%252F03%252F30%252Fbridging-cultural-differences-in-global-business-gananan-forum-singapore%26size=169k%26name=130262190%2B09c9a1...%26p=cultural%2Bdiversity%26oid=29d12f88b67df2e0%26fr2=tab-web%26no=4%26tt=110574%26sigr=13n06tbh6%26sigi=123co3gpl%26sigb=133ibe96ihttp://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0WTefTpVsBL.EgAtCiJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBpaWhqZmNtBHBvcwMzBHNlYwNzcgR2dGlkAw--/SIG=1hafudn21/EXP=1270982761/**http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/images/view%3Fback=http%253A%252F%252Fimages.search.yahoo.com%252Fsearch%252Fimages%253Fp%253Dcultural%252Bdiversity%2526ei%253DUTF-8%2526fr%253Dyfp-t-701%2526fr2%253Dtab-web%26w=459%26h=327%26imgurl=www.nmci.org%252Fimg%252Fhome%252Fmain_image2.jpg%26rurl=http%253A%252F%252Fwww.fairfaxcounty.gov%252Foffsite%253Fpg%253Dwww.nmci.org%26size=71k%26name=main%2Bimage2%2Bjpg%26p=cultural%2Bdiversity%26oid=14e3db7331c292ac%26fr2=tab-web%26no=3%26tt=110574%26sigr=11ko92nco%26sigi=115vbogp5%26sigb=133ibe96i


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.hat is Culture/ he sum total of the way of li"ing inclu!es "alues (eliefs stan!ar!slanguage thining atterns (eha"ioral norms communications styles etc#

ui!es !ecisions an! actions of a grou through time 4aan .eiss 5

.hitehea! 20067#

rou8s accetance of a set of attitu!es i!eologies "alues (eliefs an!

(eha"iors that influence the way the mem(ers of the grou e9ress

themsel"es

.hat is the transcultural nursing

ranscultural nursing is how rofessional nursing interacts with the concet of

culture# Base! in anthroology an! nursing it is suorte! (y nursing

theory research an! ractice#

#


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Characteristics of Culture

Culture is consi!ere! a hotocoy machine that maes

!ulicates of the original !ocument with minor

!ifferences#

Slight "ariation in the ractices ine"ita(ly occurs when

"alues (eliefs an! customs ass from one society to

another#

Su(cultures !e"elo when mem(ers of the grou accet

outsi!e "alues in a!!ition to those of their !ominant

culture#

$

4Catalano 200: aan .eiss 5 .hitehea! 2006 7#


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.hat is +i"ersity/

erm use! to e9lain !ifferences (etween cultures such as; sychological hysical an! social !ifferences that occur

among any an! all in!i"i!uals#

arlan! 20027#


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=a*or >actors in ranscultural Nursing

&

Beliefs a(out illness causes an! cures Nutrition an! !ietary ractices

+isor!ers secific to a articular ethnic grou Religious (eliefs a(out illness an! !eath


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%sian %mericans +emograhics

'

'#3? of @#S# oulation 412#A million7 %sian ,n!ians ro*ecte! to (ecome the !ominant ethnic grou within the ne9t !eca!e 20A0 ethnicracial grous will comrise close toA0? of @#S# oulation


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%sian Religions

(

Christianity-Philiines

,slam-=i!!le


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earful of (loo! wor e9cessi"e testing surgery


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=ore %sian cultural health care (elief e9amles

11

Self-restraint-may refuse ain me!icine out of courtesy+o not touch the hea!-ri"ate an! ersonal=o!estyasting 4Rama!an7Fisiting hours-large grous of family mem(ersBirthing (eliefs


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.hat is the role of the nurse/

1"

Pro"i!e care that is congruent with cultural"alues (eliefs an! racticesPerform transcultural assessments4communication ersonal sace !iet religious (eliefs

social orientation what inter"entions ha"e they alrea!y!one/7

+e"elo culturally cometent inter"entions,n-ser"ice staff on cultural cometency

,nclu!e teaching of transcultural nursing inschool curriculum


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1$

H.omen who teach nursing in ,n!ia must now the

languages the religions suerstitions an! customs

of the women to (e taughtI

Florence Nightingale,

1894


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rans-Cultural Nursing

% formal area of stu!y an! ractice focuse! oncomarati"e human-care 4 caring7 !ifferences an!

similarities of the (eliefs "alues an! atterne! life ways of

cultures to ro"i!e culturally congruent meaningful an!

(eneficial health care to eole#

4Leininger 5 =c>arlan! 20027

1%


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@n!erstan!ing rans-cultural Nursing

Care nee!s to (e systematically stu!ie! to learn a(outhuman care 4 caring7 in !i"erse an! similar cultures in theworl! an! en"ironments#

Nurses are to (e nowle!gea(le a(out their own cultural

care heritage an! of (iases (eliefs 5 re*u!ices to wor

effecti"ely with clients# Nurses nee! to use trans-culture- secific an! comarati"e

nowle!ge to gui!e caring ractices for culturallycongruent care#

=aintaining an oen learning !isco"ery rocess a(out

care an! culture is imerati"e# Nurses nee! creati"e ways to ro"i!e culturally congruent

care ractices#

4 Leinniger 5 =c>arlan! 20027

1&


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%!"ancement of Cultural +i"ersity in Nursing

% hallmar (eha"ior an! action that focuse! on cultural!i"ersity within nursing ga"e rise to the transculturalnursing mo"ement#

he early focus of the transcultural nursing mo"ement was

to (ring sensiti"ity to the !ifferences (etween nurses8 ownculture an! that of the eole to whom they were ro"i!ingcare

4Leininger 1:6:7#

Successes of the transcultural nursing mo"ement inclu!e!incororating culture to the nursing curricula an! to thelicensure an! certification e9ams#

1'


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%!"ancement of Cultural +i"ersity in Nursing

he a!"ancement of cultural !i"ersity is clear in the goalan! mission of the %N% 41:J 1::17 which is acommitment to ser"e the health nee!s of all eole# ,na!!ition the %N% has inclu!e! cultural !i"ersity as a

riority in its strategic lans#

istorically cultural issues were a!!resse! through the%N%8s interaction with minority organi&ations an!minority lea!ershi within the %N%#

Cultural !i"ersity issues ha"e (een a!!resse! through%N% grous such as the Committee on ,ntergrouRelations %ffirmati"e %ction as >orce an! the Councilof Cultural +i"ersity#

1(


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%!"ancement of Cultural +i"ersity in

Nursing

he Nursing .orforce +e"eloment rograms were!e"eloe! to increase oortunities for in!i"i!uals who are

from !isa!"antage! (acgroun!s inclu!ing economically

!isa!"antage families as well as racial an! ethnic minorities

un!erreresente! in the nursing rofession 4%N% 20067#

2)


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he Nee! for ran-Cultural Nursing

Leininger an! =c>arlan! 420027 !iscusse! many reasons (utlet us go through few;

1# he stea!y mare! increase in the migration of eoleworl!wi!e#

2# he rise in cultural i!entities with health consumers

e9ecting that their cultural (eliefs will (e resecte!un!erstoo! an! aroriately reson!e! to in health care#

3# ,ncrease! signs of cultural conflicts an! clashes wars an!"iolent acts among an! (etween !ifferent cultures an!nations influencing the health sur"i"al or !eath of eoleof !i"erse cultures#

'# he mare! increase! num(er of nurses hysicians an!other health care ro"i!ers woring in many !ifferent

laces in the worl!

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ow !o you feel a(out HyourM ethnic an!or

cultural an!or religious grouing stereotye/

Stereotying;is an o"ersimlifie! (elief concetion

or oinion a(out another erson (ase! on limite! amount of

information#

HResect for cultural !i"ersity an!intercultural !ialogue is one of

the surest guarantees for!e"eloment an! eaceM#

@N


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=ulticulturalism

=any eole cling tenaciously to their tra!itions 4cultural

ractices7 an! language when they migrate to new country#

ealthcare ro"i!ers nee! to (e aware of an! learn ways to a!at

their ractices to allow for these !ifferences#

2"


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Language ,mact

he ro(lematic in @%< healthcare units larger !ue to the

a(sence of enough rofessional me!ical interreters 30?

of the oulation are locals

60? !i"i!e! (etween 10? 4%ra(s7 an! :0? 4seaers of

other languages7

Poor communication is a (arrier to goo! atient centere!

care#

Non "er(al communication taen for grante! an! can lea!

to false !iagnosis

,n emergency cases language (arriers can (e serious

4he or Strategic Stu!ies an! Research 200J7


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2%

Language an! culture (arriers result in;

Poor atient-healthcare ro"i!er relationshis

,ncorrect !iagnosis

Lac of informe! consent Lower atient satisfaction

=alractice suits

=arOuis 5 ustom 420037


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2&

Solutions

Nee!s for interreters

Resect ri"acy

Cultural Cometency; awareness an! emhasis for all

arties in"ol"e! in the rocess

,ncrease !i"ersity of healthcare rofessionals 4a"oi!

(iasethnocentrismstereotying

raining to suort cross-cultural care


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Pro"i!ing a Cultural Cometent

Care Cultural cometence is the attitu!es nowle!ge an!sills necessary for ro"i!ing Ouality care to !i"erse

oulations

Becoming culturally cometent is an ongoing rocess inwhich an in!i"i!ual or organi&ation !e"elos along acontinuum until !i"ersity is accete! as a norm an! thenurse has acOuire! greater un!erstan!ing an! caacity in a!i"erse en"ironment#

%ccetance of "arious (eliefs (eha"iors an! "alues in!etermining a erson8s hysical an!or mentalwellnessillness an! incororating those "aria(les into thein!i"i!ual8s assessment an! treatment

2'

4%%CN 200J7


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Pro"i!ing Culturally Cometent

Carerans-cultural @n!erstan!ing; he rimary sills reOuire! forcultural cometence inclu!e communication un!erstan!ingan! sensiti"ity# ,t is an ongoing rocess that continuesthroughout the nurse8s career#

rans-cultural Communication; ,t is a highly comle9 rocessthat reOuires (oth "er(al an! non-"er(al e9changes#

a# Non-"er(al Resonses; nurses must (e cautious wheninterreting the non"er(al resonses from some culturalgrous#

2(

4Catalano 200:7


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,n!i"i!ual Recommen!ations

he Registere! Nurses8 %ssociation of )ntario 420067 roose! that for each in!i"i!ual em(racing !i"ersity means

!e"eloment of the following cometencies an! (eha"iors#

ools to assist in !e"eloing these sills are;

1# Self %wareness o learn to em(race !i"ersity in in!i"i!uals#

2# Communication o !e"elo communication sills that

romote culturally !i"erse settings#

3# New Learning o attain cultural cometence in in!i"i!uals#

")

he Registere! Nurses8 %ssociation of )ntario 420067


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New Learning o attain culturalcometence in in!i"i!uals;

1# %cOuire nowle!ge of the range of cultural norms (eliefs an!"alues rele"ant to clients an! colleagues as a starting oint tofoster un!erstan!ing an! further inOuiry#

2# %re aware of the !isarities 4e#g# health outcomes access to

care economics *o( oortunities7 that e9ist for !i"erse oulations an! un!erstan! the factors an! rocesses thatcontri(ute to them#

3# Recogni&e how culture an! !i"ersity influence (eha"iors an!interactions#

'# +e"elo an! aly cultural cometence nowle!ge an! sills inthe areas of communication care lanning conflict resolutionan! change management#

A# %ccess utili&e an! artner with cultural resources#

"2



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%nticiate! )utcomes:

% worforce comose! of nurses who are oen-min!e!

inclusi"e an! resectful of all colleagues an! reciients of

nursing ser"ices# ,n!i"i!ual mem(ers of the worforce

i!entify an! are co-oerati"e with one another to a!!ress (arriers to eOuity an! !i"ersity an! (uil! ractice

en"ironments in which e"ery erson8s contri(ution is

"alue! thus allowing the full otential of all to (e

ma9imi&e!# hese in!i"i!uals refuse to articiate in!iscrimination harassment or (ullying an! a!!ress the

issue in a way that will effect change

""



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ealthcare .orers Resonsi(ilities

Learn an! use a few hrases of greeting an! intro!uction in the

atient8s nati"e language# his con"eys resect an!

!emonstrates your willingness to learn a(out their culture#

ell the atient that the interreter will translate e"erything that

is sai! so they must sto after e"ery few sentences#

.hen seaing or listening watch the atient not the

interreter# %!! your gestures etc# while the interreter is

translating your message#

Reinforce "er(al interaction with "isual ai!s an! materials

written in the client8s language#

Reeat imortant information more than once#

"#

aan .eiss 5 .hitehea! 420067 =arOuis 5 ustom 420037 >awcett 4200A7#


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he >uture of Cultural +i"ersity in

Nursing o e"aluate the mo"ement of nursing8s cultural !i"ersity

intention the attitu!es an! (eliefs a(out cultural !i"ersity

shoul! (e e9amine! for its imact on (eha"ior an! actions that

ha"e resulte! in the oerational !efinition an! actuali&ation of

cultural !i"ersity#

,n rocess reflection an! ractice nursing science shoul!

em(o!y characteristics of cultural !i"ersity in that way the

science woul! ser"e as a rocess for un!erstan!ing all asectsof cultural !i"ersity#

"%

h > t f C lt l +i it i N i


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he >uture of Cultural +i"ersity in Nursing

"&

Nursing as a rofession an! !isciline can concetuali&e

cultural !i"ersity as more than *ust an awareness of !i"erse cultures through (asic nursing curricula#

he curricula nee! to go (eyon! simly teaching categories

of cultural content where categories of (eliefs an! ractices of cultural characteristics are !e"eloe! an! imlemente!

for nursing assessment an! inter"ention uroses#

%ccor!ing to $oucha an! ouste!; Hthe health care

ro"i!er

ought to treat a atient who haens to (e from a articular

culture as an in!i"i!ual from a articular culture rather

than in effect to treat the culture through the atientM

42000 # 327#

h > t f C lt l +i it i N i


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he >uture of Cultural +i"ersity in Nursing

"'

>uture nurses nee! to (e taught how to aly culture

an! !i"ersity in the clinical setting# his will (egin

when nursing faculty are reare! in the cultural

!i"ersity !imension an! are fully ersua!e! assionate

a(out the cause#

,ncreasing the !i"ersity among nursing faculty within nursing8s e!ucational rograms is nee!e! so that

stu!ents ha"e !i"erse role mo!els#

+i"ersity among nursing faculty can also hel to

!isseminate an! interret cultural nowle!ge an! nee!s

of !i"erse nursing stu!ents# %!!itionally nursing

curricula nee! to reflect culturally !i"erse learning

styles #

#4Crow 1::3 Lowe 20027#


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NursingChalan!a 41::A7 !escri(e! culture (roering as Hthe act of (ri!ging lining or me!iating (etween grous or ersons

through the rocess of re!ucing conflict or ro!ucing changeM

hrough culture (roering atients will (e a(le to me!iate

(etween their (eliefs an! ractices an! the (eliefs an! ractices

romote! (y .estern (iome!icine a(out how they shoul! resol"e

their articular health or illness situation#

4Chalan!a 41::A7 Nurses in clinical ractice ha"e (een e9ecte! to use a recie or

formula aroach to !eli"ering culturally cometent atient care#

"(


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Nursing Often, this approach does not adequately address

cultural diversity because of preconceived andprescribed stereotypical notions and assuptions!

"atients ust be vie#ed as individuals outside of

stereotypical characteristics and categori$ed to aparticular cultural group! %n this #ay, it #ouldbecoe clear that there are vie#s and practices thatconceptuali$e diversity bet#een and #ithin cultures!

Nursing, fro a cultural diversity approach andperspective, has been ore descriptive in nature!&esearch approaches need to ove fro descriptiveresearch to applied, prograatic, or biocultural innature!

#)


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It is because we are diferentthat each o us is special.

#1


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References

Putsch ,,, R.# Cross-cultural communication; he secial case of

interreters in health care# D%=% 1:JA2A'4237;33''-'J

>awcett D#4200A7# Contemporary Nursing Knowledge analysis and

evaluation of Nursing Models and Theories. 2n! e!ition# >#%#+a"is

comany# Phila!elhia#

Dohn L# Cynthia %# 4200:7Cultural +i"ersity; he ,ntention of Nursing#

Nursing >orum Folume '' No# 1#

Leininger =# =c>arlan! =# 420027# ranscultural Nursing# Conceptstheories research ! practices# 3r! e!ition# =craw ill#

he Registere! Nurses8 %ssociation of )ntario# 420067# "m#racingCultural Diversity in $ealth Care: Developing Cultural Competence

htt;www#rnao#orgStorage2:233QBPQ


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transcultural nursing care

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