trade logistics for development: challenges and actions november 6, 2003 marc h. juhel transport and...
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Trade Logistics for Development:
Challenges and Actions
November 6, 2003
Marc H. Juhel
Transport and Logistics Adviser
The World Bank
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Global Recovery from the global downturn
Source: World Bank data and projectionsSource: World Bank data and projections
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And integration with global markets is associated with faster growth…
Source: World Bank, Global Economic Prospects, 2001Source: World Bank, Global Economic Prospects, 2001
Average annual per capita growth, 1980-99
0
10
20
30
40
50
East Asia South Asia EasternEurope &
Central Asia
Sub-SaharanAfrica
Latin America& Caribbean
Middle East& NorthAfrica
2000 MDG 2015
2000
Millennium Development Goals
The MDGs: Poverty targets
Percent of population living below $1 /dayPercent of population living below $1 /day
44
0
10
20
30
40
50
East Asia South Asia EasternEurope &
Central Asia
Sub-SaharanAfrica
Latin America& Caribbean
Middle East& NorthAfrica
2000 Forecast 2015 MDG 2015
2000
Millennium Development Goals
Poverty targets to be reached in most regions, but…
Percent of population living below $1 /dayPercent of population living below $1 /day
55
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World trade trends: developing countries are exporting more manufactures…
Manufacturing exports (%)
Resources exports (%)
Agricultural exports (%)
Composition of exports: 1981-2001
Middle- income countries Low- income countries
Resources exports (%)
Agricultural exports (%)
Manufacturing exports (%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1981 1982 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 20010
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
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But not all news are good…
Roughly one-third of developing countries have Roughly one-third of developing countries have not benefited significantly from growth in not benefited significantly from growth in international trade.international trade.
Some countries with solid export growth have Some countries with solid export growth have not translated that into significant poverty not translated that into significant poverty reduction.reduction.
Developing countries could have done better if Developing countries could have done better if protection did not discriminate against protection did not discriminate against products in which they have comparative products in which they have comparative advantage.advantage.
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Singapore issues (investment and competition policy, Singapore issues (investment and competition policy, trade facilitation and transparency in government trade facilitation and transparency in government procurement):procurement):
Recognition of the relevance of these issues for Recognition of the relevance of these issues for promoting growth and increasing competitiveness promoting growth and increasing competitiveness of developing countries. of developing countries.
Concerns that adding these issues to the agenda Concerns that adding these issues to the agenda may crowd-out other themes of greater priority for may crowd-out other themes of greater priority for developing countries.developing countries.
Alternative tracks: commence negotiations vs. to Alternative tracks: commence negotiations vs. to focus on further clarification of issues.focus on further clarification of issues.
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Clearing customs takes longer in developing countries
Note: This is based on a sample of countries in each area; see Note: This is based on a sample of countries in each area; see figure 5.1 in chapter 5.figure 5.1 in chapter 5.
Source: International Exhibition Logistics AssociatesSource: International Exhibition Logistics AssociatesAvailable at http://www.icla.orgAvailable at http://www.icla.org
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Facilitating trade in less efficient countries would bring significant gains
Source: Calculations based on table 4 in Wilson, Mann, Source: Calculations based on table 4 in Wilson, Mann, and Otsuki, “Trade Facilitation and Capacity Building: Global Perspective,” 2003, mimeo.and Otsuki, “Trade Facilitation and Capacity Building: Global Perspective,” 2003, mimeo.
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WB Address in Cancun
“… we are ramping up to be able to help any country that requests financing or policy advice for trade logistics. “
Shengman Zhang
WB Managing Director for Operations
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The Trade Logistics Agenda
Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness
Transit Logistics and Ports
Border Crossing and Clearance Management
Customs Reform
Multimodal Transport
Transport Security
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Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness
Economic Benefits of Trade Facilitation
Logistics Costs and Export Earnings: Geography, Competitiveness and Poverty
Facilitation Performance and Competitiveness Index
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Transit Logistics
Port Efficiency
Bilateral and Regional Transit Agreements
Landlocked Developing Countries Access: Corridor Agreements
Transit Guarantee Systems : Customs/Insurance/Operators (TIR, TIF and similar)
Cost/Benefits of Transit Trade for Transit Countries
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Border Crossing Management
Single Window Environment
Adjacent Border Posts
Border Monitoring Systems
Inland Clearance Facilities
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Customs Reform
Streamlining and Harmonization of Procedures
Information Technology and Electronic Processing
Risk Assessment Methods: Security with Facilitation
Integrity Programs
Training/Capacity Building : Customs Officials/Private Operators
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Multimodal Transport
Legal Aspects
Regulatory Framework
Liability Regime of MTO
Implementation/Amendments of/to MTO Regimes
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Transport Security
US Regulations: CSI, 24 hour-Rule
IMO Revised Standards: ISPS Code
New EU Guidelines
Supply Chain Security Concept
Security with Facilitation
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FY04 Work Program
Trade Logistics Indicators Country Level Project Level
Customs Modernization Handbook WCO Time Release Software Menu-Based Project Guidelines
Customs Transit and Multimodal Transport Port Logistics Transport Security
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FY04 Work Program (2) LLDCs: the Almaty Programme of Actions Regional Operations
Africa: Corridor Observatories (UEMOA, ECOWAS, NCTTCA, SADC), Investment Projects (Kenya, Madagascar), TTFAs in IF Diagnostics
Middle-East North Africa: Logistics Survey (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan)
Europe Central Asia: CAR Logistics Survey (CIS 7), Investment Projects (Russia, Kazakhstan)
South Asia: Afghanistan TTF and Customs Project
East Asia and Pacific: Indochina Logistics (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam)
Latin America and Caribbean: CA Logistics Survey