tracts on early printing -...

?PtJ 4Z1911

Tracts on early printing.

1.

List of the founts of typeand woodcut devices used by the

printers of the Southern Netherlandsin the fifteenth century.

r)c.ient

Jill 11 Ill 11 Ill Illill IIIIIIIIIIIIII III0000005539543

Privately printed; London,1395.

London:Printed by William Clowes and Sons, Limited,

Stamford Street and Charing Cross.

To Francis 7enkinson, Librarian of the

University of canbridge this series is

inscribed with respect and gratitude.

Note.

I have preferred to issue the series of

tracts, of which the present is the first, in

a private form, in order better to emphasise

its provisional and tentative character. It

is in fact meant to provide a basis on which

students of early printing may work to

attain a completer and more correct result.

I hope to be able to issue one number

yearly; the next three or four will probably

be devoted to additions to and corrections

of Campbell's so-called Anna/es.

The present tract is a humble attempt

to complete in some sort the work of

Mr. Bradshaw, who in his list of the types

and devices used by the fifteenth-century

8

printers in Holland promised a similar list

for the Belgian printers, - a promise not

fulfilled. Such being my object, I have

permitted myself very few deviations from

my model, the principal difference being

that in cases where Holtrop's facsimile is

not taken from the earliest known book

in which the type is found I have added

in square brackets the date of the book

from which it is actually taken.

R. Proctor.

List of Towns.

i. Alost (1473).

2. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474).

3. Bruges (before 1476).

4. Brussels (25 May 1476).

5. Audenarde (1480).

6. Antwerp (8 June 1480.

7. Ghent (8 Apr. 1483).

S. Unknown places.

ci

List of Presses.

i. Alost (1473).

r. John of Westphalia and ThierryMartens (1473).

2. Thierry Martens, First press (i Oct.1474).

3. Thierry Martens, Second press(before i March 1489).

ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474).

i. Jan Veldener, First press (after7 Aug. 1474).

2. John of Westphalia (9 Dec. 1474).

12

ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474)—continued.

3. Conrad Braem (1475).

4. Conrad of Westphalia, Second press(i Dec. 1476).

5. Hermann of Nassau and RodoiphusLoeffs de Driel (1483).

6. Rodolphus Loeffs de I)riel (6 Feb.I48).

7. Jan Veldener, from Kuilenburg,Fourth press (not before 1484).

8. Aegidius van der lieerstraten (6 July1485).

9. Ludovicus Ravescot(1487, afterSept. 9).

io. Printer of Scotus, Physiognomia(1487).

ii. Thierry Martens, from Antwerp,Fourth press (1498).

iii. Bruges (before 1476).

i. Colarci Mansion (before 1476).

2. William Caxton, First press (before

'477').

3. Johannes Brito ().

4. Jean Gossin (not before 1484).

iv. Brussels (25 May 1476).

i. Fratres uitae communis (25 May

1476).

v. Audenarde (1480).

i. Arend de Keysere, First press(1480).

rj Antwerp (8 June 1480.

i. Mathis van der Goes, First press

(8 Julie i8i). 4

2. Ger. Lceu, from Gouda. Third press(is Sept. 1484).

'4

vi. Antwerp (8 June 148 I)—contii.uea'.

3. Mathis van der Goes, Second press(1486).

. Claes Leeu ( 1 7 Dec. 1487).

5. Govaert Bac (3 July 1493).

6. Thierry Martens, from Alost, Thirdpress (21 July 1493).

7. Adriaen van Liesvelt (May 1494).8. Henrick die Lettersnider, First press

(28 Aug. 1496).

9. Roelant van den Dorpe (28 Feb.1497).

10. The printer at the great goldenmortar [Adr. van flerghen?] (ioo).

vii. Ghent (8 Apr. 1483).

1. Arend de Keysere, from Audenarde,Second press (8 Apr. 1483).

2. Beatrice van Orroir, widow of A. deKeysere (i.i.co).

'5

viii. Unknown places.

i. Printer of the Flemish Wech dersyelen salicheyt [A. de Keysere,before 1480 ?].

2. Printer of the Spieghel der simpeiremenschen [Louvain, not before1483 ?].

List of founts of type

and

Woodcut devices.

i. Alost (1473).

i. 7olin of Wes/jiluilia and TIziery Martens

('473).Type i (i.y). MT. 45a. Dionysius

(IC Leuwis.

Device: None known.

2. Tlzierry Mar/ens, First press (z Oct.

'474).Type r (i Oct. 1474: press i, type i).

MT. 45e. Bapt. Mantuanus, deuita beata.

Device: None known at this period.

'7

i. Alost (1473)—continued.

3 . Thierry Martens, Second press (beforei March I480.'

Type 2 (before i March 1489). MT.46 b (imprint).Chrysostorn, deprouidentia dci [22 March 1487,i.e. I48-?].

Type 3 (before i March I489). MT.46b (Incipit). Chrysostom, deprouidentia dci [as above].


ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474).

i. 7an 1/eldener, First tress (after 7 Aug.

1474 ).2

Type i (after 7 Aug. 1474). MT.48a. lac. de Theramo, Belial.

See Note A.2 Velderier was made 'bourgeois académique' of Louvain

in 1473. (Holtrop, Thicrry Martens.)

b

ix. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474)—continued.

Type 2 (ia). MT. 48, 2C (InczbiE).Ang. de Aretio, super titulo deaction ibus.

Type 3 (i5). MT. 48, 2a, 2C (text).Ang. de Aretio, super titulo deactionibus,

Type 4 (29 Dec. 1475). MT. 47, 3a.Fasciculus temporuln.'

Type 5 (not after 1476).2 MT. 40.

Fasciculus temporum [14801, butno specimen is given among theLouvain facsimiles.

Device 1' (29 Dec. 1475). MT. 47,3a. Fasciculus temporum.

Holtrop (MT. P . 47) appears to be mistaken in sayingthat this type is used in the table of the Ang. de Aretio.

'Mr. Bradshaw assigned the first use of this type to4 Nov. 1478, at Utrecht : but it seems impossible to assign acalendar to a later date than the year to which it bclongs

19


2. 7olin of Westfthalia (9 Dec. 1474).

Type 1A (brought from Alost:9 Dec. 1474). MT. 49a. P. deCrescentiis, Ruralia commoda.

Type i1A with different A28 Apr. 1475). MT. 49b. Mills,Repertorium.

Type 2 (21 Nov. 1475). MT. 49e.Andreae, super arboribus [1480].

Type 3 (1482). MT. 50b. Scalacaeli [1485].

Type 4 (1483). MT. 5oa. Aen.Syluius, Epistulae.'

Type 5 (7 Nov. 1496). MT. 50C 2.Anna, Legenda.

See Note B.Used in Pet. de Aliaco, Imago mundi (CA. 143), which

is earlier, but undated. See also Note B.

b2

20


Type 6 (). MT. 5ia. Dirckvan Munster, Spieghel der ker-SLCI1CI1 menschen.

Device i (21 Nov. 1475). MT. 49d[no date].

3 . Conrad J3racm

Type iMT. 52a. Aristotle,Analytica priora.

Type 2 (Press 1, type 3 : 1479).MT. 59b. Lanfrancus, Chirurgia[29 Nov. 14811.

Device None known.

.i. Conrad of LVcstj5/ia/ia, Second ftrcss (i Dec.I476).

Type 2 (i Dec. 1476). M. 53a1.Manckcn, cpistulares formulae.

bce Note B.

ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474)—corn'thued.

Type 3 (). MT. 52C. Hugode S. Victore, super officio missae.

Device i (i Dec. 1476). MT. 53a4;a copy of that used by John ofWestphalia.

5. Ilermann of Nassau and Rodoiplius Loe/Jsde Driel (1483).

Type (the Audenarde type 1 :1483).

V1F. 54b. L. Valla, de uero bono,etc.

Device: None known.

6. Rodoiphus Loeffs de Dr/el (6 Feb. 1484).

Type i (Press 5, type i: 6 Feb. I489.i\IT. 54c. Bottonus, Casus longisuper decretales.

Type 2 (). MT. 45d (line i).Statuta synodalia.

Device: None known.

22

ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474)_continued.

7. 7an Veldener, from Kuilenburg, Fourthpress (not before 1484).

Type 7 (not before 1484). PIT. i 16,2a (line i).Herbarius in latino[edition B]placed among theKuilenburg facsimiles.

Type 8 (not before 1484, but before8 June 1486). MT. ii6, 2a (allexcept Zinc i). Herbarius in latino[edition B] ; placed among theKuilenburg facsimiles.

Type 9 (). MT. 47, a. Alpha-betum diuini amoris.

Device(not before 1484). MT.i 16, 2b. Herbarius in latino[edition B] ; placed among theKuilenburg facsimiles.

23

ii. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1470_canlinued.

S. Aegidius van der Bee rstrat'en (6 July

1485).Type i (6 July 1485).MT. 55a.

Beetz, super decalogum [19 Apr.

1486].

Type 2 (Press 7, type 8: S June 1486).

MT. 55C. Caepolla, cautelae.

Device: None known.

. Ludovicus Ravescoz (1487, after Sept. 9).

Type i (Press I, type 4 : [after

9 Sept.] 1487). MT. 57a 2. P. deRiuo, opus responsiuum [1488].

Device I (1488). MT. 57, below a 2.

P. de Riuo, opus responsiuum.

io. Printer of Scolus, Physiognomiz (1487).

Type i (Press 1, type 5). MT.59a. Scotus, physiognomia.

Device: None known.

I

24

rr. Louvain (after 7 Aug. 1474)—cothnued.

i . Tliierry .!War/ens, Four/h tress (1498).

Type 2 (from Antwerp: 29 May 1499).MT. 461) (Incipil). Chrysostom,de prouidentia dci [22 March1487 : no specimen among theLouvain facsimiles].

Type 3 (from Antwerp: 29 May 1499),MT. 46b (imprint). Chrysostom,de prouidentia dci [22 March1487: no specimen among the

Louvain facsimiles].

Type 5 (from Antwerp: 3! Julyioo). P'v'IT. 51b. Tractatus Contrafastidjosos sacerdotes [n. d.].

Device: 1\Tone known at this period.

25

iii. Bruges.

i. ('olard ./Wznsion (before 1476).

Type i (before 1476). MT. 6oa. Lejardin de devotion.

Type 2 (beforeNo facsimilein MT.Blades (1861-3), pl. viii.(Les quatre derrenieres choses.)

Type 3 (not before 1477). No fac-simile in MT.Blades (1861-3),pl. vi. f.Les fats de Jason.

lype 4 (1477-1478).'MT. óoc.I3outillier, Somme rural [1479].

Device 1 (28 June 1477). MT. 6oc.Boutillier, Somme rural [1479].

In Main Chartier's Quadrifogue.' MT. page 59; CA.no. 423.

26

iii. Bruges—commied.

2. William ('ax/on, First press (before1477).1

Type i (Press i, type 3). No fac-simile in MT. Blades (1861-3),pl. v. b. The recuyell of the his-tories of Troy.

Type 2 (Press r, type 2). No fac-simile in MT. Blades (1861-3),1)1. vu. (i).Propositio TohannisRussel.

Device: None known al this period.

'The following appears from Blades to be the history ofthe two Bruges Caxton-Mansion types

Press i, type 2 = Press 2, type 2. After being usedby Mansion for Les qua/re derrenieres choses[uneven lines], it was taken by Caxton to England.

Press i, type 3 = Press 2, type t. After being usedby Caxton for the Recuyell and other books, itwas left in Bruges by him and used by Mansionfor the Fats do Jason and Medi/acions sur letseN ;5saz,lmes fienitenciauIx [even lines].

27

iii. Bruges—continued.

3 , 701annes Brito ().Type i ( ). MT. 61b i (heading).

Gerson, Instruction.

Type 2 (). MT. 61b I (lexi).Gerson, Instruction.

Device: None known.

4 . 7ean Gossi)Z (not before 1484).Type r (Press i, type i). No

facsimile is given in MT. of thistype as used by Gossin.

Device: None known.

iv. Brussels (25 May 1476).

I- Fr/res uila,e communis (25 May 1476).Type A (25 May 1476), MT. 62a.

Gheilhoven, Gnotosolitos.1

Type IA has an additional S of a peculiar form. This isused in books printed from 1476 to 1481, but no example ofit is given in MT. It will also be noticed that in the MMW.copy of the Gnolosolitas (MT. 62 h) additional forms of Mand , perhaps also of A, occur, which are not found in theBRIT. copy (MT. 62a).

28

iv. Brussels (25 May I476)—conthiu'd.

Type 2 (25 May 1476).1 MT, 63a I

(i/ic smaller type). Legenda Hen-

rici imperatoris [1484].

Type 3 (after I481). Not given inMi7 Marone, sermones de tern-pore (headlines).

Type i B (Type i without additionalS; 1484). MT. 62c2. LcgendaH en rici i rnperatoris.

Type 4 (1484). MT. 63a i (Ike larger

Iyj5e). Legenda Henrici impera-

tot-is.

Device: None known.

Type a is used for the initial directors on ft. 5-13 of theGnotoscliios,

2 See the annexed photograph i.

29

v. Audenarde (1480).

i. Arend de Keysere, Firsi tress (1480).

Type i (1480). MT. 95a. I-Ierrn.dc Petra, sermones.

Type 2 ( ). MT. ''3g. Quat-tuor nouissima in French [placedamong the Ghent facsimiles].

Type 3 ().See MT. iTraictie de paix [8 Apr. 1483, atGhent: no specimen is given amongthe Audenarde facsimiles].

Device i' (1480). MT. 95a. Herm.de Petra, sermones.

Device B (148o—I).'MT. 95C 2.

Dystorie van Saladine [n. d.].

Device i (). MT. 95b i. Lesquatre derniêres choses.

Used in Laet's prognostication for 1481.

30

vi. Antwerp (8 June 1481).

i, iWa//jis van der Goes, First press (8 J u iie1481).

Type i (8 June 1481). MT. boa.Den spieghel [29 Apr. 1482].

Type 2 (' Jan. 1484?). MT. xoob.Dat lijden ons heeren [1484].


2. Ger. Lee7t, from Gouda, Third press(18 Sept. 1484).

Type 3 (brought from Gouda [ii. 313 Dec. 1483]). MT. 'oa (glosses).Cato moralissimus [i March 14851.

Type 4 (brought from Gouda [ii. 4:II June 1484]). MT. ioa (text).Cato moralissimus [i March 14851.

Type 5 (brought from Gouda [ii. 5:ii June 1484]). MT. ioa (com-mentary).Cato moralissimus[i March 14851.

Antwerp (8 June 1 4 8 0 --- c0lltin11,- 1

Type 6 (15 Oct. 1488). MT. 79d i.Breuiariurn windechiniense.

Type 7 (15 Oct. 1488). Not givenin MT.'

Type 8 (12 Sept. 1489). MT. IO2b.

Vergilius, Centones.

Type 9 (5 July 1490. MT. IO2d.

Sinte Bernardus souter [8 Oct.'49'].

Type 10 (2 June 1492). MT. 79C.

Lefèvre, History of Jason.

Type ii (2 June 1492). Not inMT.2

Device 3 (8 Jan. 1486). MT. 105(the castle of Antwerp).

Device 4 (3 Nov. 1487). MT. '05(Lion in trefoil).

See the annexed photograph ii.2 For this type see the facsimile reprint of Salomon and

Marcol1ius by Mr. Gordon Duff, 1892. This type consistsof lower-case only, the capital letters used being those oftype 8.

32

vi. Antwerp (8 June 1481)—continued.

3. Afcu/us van der Goes, Second press (1486).

Type 3 (1486). MT. 'orb 3. Ser.inones quattuor nouissimorurn121 June 14871.

Type 4 (ia. Feb. 1487). MT. ioid(Incipit). Confessionale [n. d.].

Type 5 (içu). MT. ioic I.Dis-putatio Christi et 1atrons [n. d.].

Device j (21 June 1487).MT.orb I. Sermones quattuor IIOU1S-

simorurn.

Device 2 (21 June 1487). MT.ioib 2. Sermones quattuor nouis-simorum.

4. Clacs Lecu ( 1 7 Dec. 1487).

Type i (Press 2, type 4 : 17 Dec.1487). MT. 106c2. Boec vanden vier oefeningen.

33

vi. Antwerp (8 June 148 i)—onfinued.

Type 2 (Press 2, type 5: 16 June

1488).MT. ro6d. Colloquiumpeccatoris et crucifixi.

2 (P,t j 3: 2o rku. /4,90). c,'.//6'3.Device i (Press 2, device : ii Apr.

1488). MT. io6a. Leven onsFieeren [20 Nov. 1488].

5 . Govaerl IJac (3 July 1493).

Type i (24 Nov. 1 493) . ' MT. ioc i(all excq5l line r). Epistelen endeevangelien [3 July 14961.

Type 2 (24 Nov. 1493). MT. 107c I

(line i). Epistelen ende evangelien[3 July 14961.

Type 3 (14). MT. 107a 2. Reso-lutorium dubiorurn.

The type and device used for the book dated 3 July1493 are not known.

C

34

vi. Antwerp (8 June 148 i)—anlinued.

Type 4 (Press 2, type : 1495). SeeMT. IO2d. Sinte Bernardus souter,for the type as used by Leeu, butno facsimile is given among thetypes of G. Bac,'

lype 5 (). MT. io8bi. Spieghelder ionghers.

Device 1 (24 Nov. 1 93) .MT.107a x.Resolutorium dubiorum['495].

Device 2 (it) June 1494). MT. I07b.Tractatus de salute corporis [n. d.].

Device 3 (3 July 1496). MT. xo'c 2.Epistclen ende evangclien.

Device 4 (). MT. io8b 2.Spieghel der ionghers.

Device 5 (). MT. io8c,SinteKatherinen legende.

This type is doubtful in connection with Bac it is usedonly in one book (CA. 1499), which has no place or printer'sname given.

2 See note on ptge 33.

35

vi. Antwerp (8 June 148 I)—conthiucd.

6. Thierry ilJartens, from A lost, Thirdtress (21 July 1493).

Type 2 (from Alost : 21 July1493). MT. 46a (colophon). The-saurus pauperum [22 May 14971.

Type 3 (from Alost: 21 July 1493).MT. 46a (title). Thesaurus pau-perum [22 May 14971.

Type 4 (21 July 1493). Not inMT.'

Type 5 (20 Sept. 1494). MT. 46a(Incii1). Thesaurus pauperum122 May 14971.

Device i (Press 2, device i : 21 July1 493) . MT. 46e. Gemma voca-bulorum [20 Sept. 14941.

See the annexed photograph iii.

C2

36

vi. Antwerp (S June 1431)—conthm&/.

7. Adriaen van Liesvell (May 1494).

Type i (Press 2, type 9 : May 1494).MT. Io9a. Die gulden letanien.

Type 2 (Press 2, type Ii : 1494, opS. Lauwereys auont). Not in MT.

Type 3 (Press 2, type S : 29 July

MT. ioçb 2.Duytscheghetyden.

Device: None known.

S. ilenrick die Lettcrsnidcr, First press(28 Aug. 1496).

Type i (28 Aug. 1496). MT. rioa.

Maerlant. Wapene Martijn.

Device: None known.

. Roe/ant van den Dorj5c (28 Feb. 1.197).

Type i (28 Feb. 1497). MF. ii Ia 2.

Die cronike van Brabant.

37

vi. Antwerp (8 June 1481)—conthiued.

Device i (28 Feb.MT.11 ia 3. Die cronike van Brabant.

io. The j5rinler at the sin of the greatgolden mortar [Adriacn van Baiçhcn ?](1500).

Type i ( 1500). MT. iiob3. Leririgeorn salich te sterve.

Type 2(1500)? MT. 110b2. Leringeom salich te sterve. [Woodcut?]

Device , ( 1500).MT. tiob 4.Leringe om salich te sterve.

vii. Ghent (8 Apr. 1483).

i. A rend de Keyser, from A udenarde, Secondpress (8 Apr. 1483).

Type 3 (from Audenarde: 8 Apr.1483). MT. ii-a. Traictie de lapaix.

38

vii. Ghent (8 Apr. 1483)—continued.

Type 4 (8 Apr. 1483). MT. i 13b 2.

Aluernus, Rhetorica diuina [22 Aug.1483].

Device i (from Audenarde: S Apr.1483). MT. ii-a. Traictic de lapaix.

2. Pi/rice van Orroir, widow of A. doKeysere (1490).

Type : Not known.'

viii. Unknown places.

I. Printer of the Flemish Il/cc/i der syelen.rnlic/zeyl [A. de Keysere, before 1480 ?].

Type i (before 1480). MT. 122.

\Vech der syelen salicheyt.

Device: None knozrn.

1 See CA. 1374. No copy is at present known.

39

viii. Unknown places—ccninued.

2. Prinler of the SpieçJzel der sirnbeire men-schen [Louvain, not before 1483 ?].

Type i (Audenarde type 2 :

MT. 123.Spieghel der simpeiremenschen.

Device: None known.

40

Note A.

Thierry Martens of Alost.

The earliest book printed by Martens at

his second press in Alost is usually taken

to be the A4ôJiabe/um diuini arnoris of 6 Feb.1487. But the copy of Augustinus, Deasftiratione (CA. 196) in the Bodleian [Auct.IQ, V. 301, contains a 1\IS, note which pro-

bably gives an earlier origin to the press.This note is to the effect that the copywas bought at Brussels on the 28th of

February 1486, Easter being April 15th.

This shews that 1487 is the year meant,and it is accordingly probable that the

4'

date of the AlbIiabcfum is to be taken as

signifying 148•. The book dated 22 March

1487 stands on the same footing. The

usages of the various towns in the Low

Countries in dating the commencement of the

year do not seem to be as yet satisfactorily

determined.

42

Note B.

Conrad of Westphalia.

NJ. Holtrop (MT. pp. 51-52) was the firstto call attention to the fact that five medicalworks by Antonius Guainerius, two of which

bear the name of" Conradus de paderbarne,"and three of which are dated ii May 1473,9 June 1474, anti 1474 respectively, areclearly of Italian origin. He rested his

opinion on the nature of the paper uponwhich they arc printed, and on the vellumbinding of one copy. To these five booksmay be added the New Testament describedby Campbell (no. I645), which differs onlyin being of quarto size. A seventh, im-

4

portant as giving an earlier date, which may

be safely ascribed to the same press, is an

edition of the Tra cia/us quacs/ionis of

Bartolus (Hain 2645) dated 14 Apr. 1473.This has the same number of lines to a

column as the Guainerius tracts, and is inthe same type.

So far, however, we have no clue to theplace at which Conrad of Westphalia printed

these works. The type, however, is un-

doubtedly the same as that used on 5 Oct.1473 by Albert of Stendal for an edition ofPart i. of the Summa of Thomas Aquinas(ham I440). and presumably for thePsa/mi poeiiien/ialcs of Petrarca, dated thesame year. Now the fact that the formerof these books was printed after some of thebooks with Conrad of Westphalia's name, andbefore others, argues a close connectionbetween the printers We may notice, too,

41

that the type appears not to be used by

Albert of Stendal later than this year 1473.Hence it is practically certain that where

Albert was, there we must place Conrad.

Here arises another difficulty: namely, that

the place where the books of Albert in thistype were printed is not given. It is certain

from the colophon of his edition of Perottus'Rudimenta, that on the 17th of June 1475he was at Padua, but before that we haveno clue, except that certain words in

the colophon of the Latin grammar of

Oninibonus, of the year 1474, have ledbibliographers to conclude that he lived inVenice at this period. The words in the

colophon (Hain 10025) are: Per Alber/umde Slendal Imp ressus Anna Domini ill. CCCC.lxxiiizl Die xiiii. Mensis Mai. Nicolao Afar-cello Duce 1/enefiarum. The evidence ofthese words, which stand alone in giving

45

any indication of locality before June 1475,do not prove anything more than that thebook in question was printed within theVenetian dominions, Padua was at this

time in the possession of the Republic ofVenice, and we can hardly be mistakenin the conclusion that all the books printedby Albert of Stendal may be assigned to aPaduan origin. It follows therefore that

Conrad of Westphalia must also be assigned

to Padua.

With regard to the Italian sojourn ofJohn of Westphalia, brother of Conrad,

little certain is known. Holtrop is no doubtright when he says that his type i wasbrought from Italy ; and though the Italiantype of his brother cannot be traced to himearlier than 1496, the close resemblance incharacter between the two types makes itprobable that he resided in Padua with his

46

brother. It is a curious fact, that in theAjpara1us decre/aliurn of Pope Innocent IV.,printed at Strassburg by Heinrich Eggesteynin 1478, the letters I) M P T V, of a typeseemingly identical with John of Westphalia's

type i, are used mixt with the ordinary typeof the printer.

A fact more conducive to result is thefact that the type used (then only) by Johnof Westphalia in 1483 for the Lcl/ers ofPius II., bears, though it is not identical,a very close resemblance to the type used by

the printer Florenz of Strassburg. Thereis no sign of Florenz after (or before) the

year 1472, and his colophons are exactlyanalogous to that of Albert of Stendal in

giving the name of the Venetian Doge, butnothing to shew that they were printed in

Venice itself. It is therefore at least possiblethat this printer also lived at Padua.

47

Note on the accompanying

photographs.

i. A photograph of fo. i 9a of the Brussels

Dontzus, from the copy in the University

Library, Cambridge; shewing type 3 (the

largest of the types) which was not re-

produced by M. Holtrop.

ii. A photograph of the titlepage of the

Breuzareum IVindccliimcnsc printed by G.

Leeu, 15 Oct. 1488 ; from the copy in the

Bodleian Library. Though bearing the

same date as CA. 367, it is a totally

different edition. It is a curious fact that

the types used on the titlepage of the two

48

editions are different, and neither of them

arc, so far as is known, used elsewhere.

iii. A photograph of sig. i 0 of the first

book printed by Thierry Martens at Antwerp,

the Synonyrna of J . de Garlandia, from one

of the two copies in the British Museum.

The type of the commentary is not given by

M. Holtrop. Notice the two forms of M

and the English glosses.

Collation.a b C 8 ; 24 leaves (pp. I-48).

tracts on early printing -...

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