tracking people: design considerations · rehab: diagnosis and progress monitoring –current tools...
TRANSCRIPT
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Tracking People:
Design Considerations
Dr Raymond Holt
Institute of Design, Robotics and Optimisation
School of Mechanical Engineering
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Structure
Who I am and What do I do?
Challenges in Designing Complex (Tracking) Systems:
Specialisation
Collingridge’s Dilemma
Bounded Rationality
Tools that might help(?):
User-Centred Design
Sociotechnical Systems Analysis
Critical Design
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Who am I?
BEng (hons) Mechanical Engineering
PhD Mechanical Engineering
Lecturer in Product Design
Chartered Engineer
Research:
Rehabilitation Robotics
Engineering Design and Ergonomics
Measuring Motor Capabilities
and Task Demands
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I don’t work alone…
Psychologists Sociologists
Clinicians
Mark Mon-Williams Rachel Coats Geoff Bingham Angharad Beckett
Rory O’Connor
Engineers
Brian Henson Martin Levesley Pete Culmer
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Research upper limb impairments, particularly due to CP or stroke
Particularly how we can improve upper limb function through power-
assisted movement
We specialise in “Robots for the Field”: deploying outside the lab.
MyPAM
Rehab Robotics
iPAM
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Interested in how conditions combine with environmental factors to enable
or disable activities of daily living...
...And how we can design objects/the environment for ease of use.
Also assessing fitness for purpose of AT and rehab devices – ensuring user
needs are kept in focus.
Engineering Design
Together Through Play
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We need measures of motor skills for:
Rehab: Diagnosis and progress monitoring – current tools very blunt
Design: To assess the usability and inclusivity of designs – linking
capabilities to task demands.
Postural Sway Assessment Tool Finger Force Measures
Measuring Motor Skills
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1) Monitoring of individual progress with rehab –
feedback, and informing clinicians
2) Gathering large datasets on children’s capabilities
3) Designing effective devices – we want these
things used!
Where’s the Tracking?
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Challenges in Designing
Complex (Tracking) Systems
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Designing Systems
All the World’s A System… And So is Everything In It.
Tracking Device
System
Boundary(We control
everything
inside this)
Wearer
GPS Satellites Mobile Network Data Management
Organisational
Response
Family/
Friends
Wider
Society
GPS Unit Microcontroller Battery
Casing Interface
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Designing Systems
Subsystem
Specification
Subsystems
System
Architecture
System
Engineering
Specification
Verified
System
Stakeholder
Requirements
Accepted
System
Design
Subsystems
User Tests
System Tests
IntegrationTests
Subsystems Tests
The V-Model of Systems Engineering
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Designing Systems
Stage of Development
Proportion of Total Cost
% Costs Incurred
% Costs Established
Changes get harder as development progresses
100%
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Designing Systems
Challenges:
1) Specialisation - most engineers don’t have the
full picture.
2) Collingridge’s Dilemma - by the time we know
what the risks are, changes are difficult.
3) Bounded Rationality – it’s hard to hold keep your
attention on everything.
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Solutions for Designing
Complex (Tracking) Systems
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User-Centered Design
Identify Need
Specify Requirements
Generate Designs
Specify Context of Use
Evaluate Designs Satisfactory Design
After ISO 9241-210: Erogonomics of Human-System Interaction
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Sociotechnical Systems
Goals People
Infrastructure
TechnologyCulture
Processes/
Procedures
The Sociotechnical Framework (Clegg and Challenger, 2011)
Challenger R.&. Clegg CW (2011) Crowd disasters: a socio-technical systems perspective
Contemporary Social Science 6(3)
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Sociotechnical Systems
Goals People
Infrastructure
TechnologyCulture
Processes/
Procedures
The Sociotechnical Framework (Clegg and Challenger, 2011)
GPS network
Mobile Network
Cloud Storage
Person
Family
Staff
Identify Location;
Alert caregiver if
outside a given
range
GPS
Worn wristband
Stigma
Maintenance
Battery charging
Data management
Complaints
Legal Framework
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Critical Design
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Structure
Who I am and What do I do?
Challenges in Designing Complex (Tracking) Systems:
Specialisation
Collingridge’s Dilemma
Bounded Rationality
Tools that might help(?):
User-Centred Design
Sociotechnical Systems Analysis
Critical Design